As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 26, 2023
Registration No. 333-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
GEN Restaurant Group, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 5812 | 87-3424935 | ||
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
11480 South Street Suite 205
Cerritos, CA 90703
(562) 356-9929
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrants principal executive offices)
David Kim
Jae Chang
Co-Chief Executive Officers
GEN Restaurant Group, Inc.
11480 South Street Suite 205
Cerritos, CA 90703
(562) 356-9929
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
With copies to:
Michael Flynn Peter Wardle Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP 3161 Michelson Drive Irvine, CA 92612-4412 (949) 451-3800 |
Ryan Wilkins Amanda McFall Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth, P.C. 660 Newport Center Drive, Suite 1600 Newport Beach, CA 92660 (949) 725-4000 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.
If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☐
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer, smaller reporting company and emerging growth company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | |||
Non-accelerated filer | ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ☒ | |||
Emerging growth company | ☒ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to such Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to Completion
Preliminary Prospectus dated May 26, 2023
PROSPECTUS
Shares
GEN Restaurant Group, Inc.
Class A Common Stock
This is GEN Restaurant Group, Inc.s initial public offering. We are selling shares of our Class A common stock.
We expect the public offering price to be between $ and $ per share. Currently, no public market exists for the shares. After pricing of the offering, we expect that the shares of our Class A common stock will trade on The Nasdaq Global Market, or the Exchange, under the symbol GENK.
Each share of Class A common stock will entitle the holder to one vote, while each share of Class B common stock will entitle the holder to ten votes. The holders of our Class B common stock, all of whom were members of GEN LLC prior to this offering, including our co-founders, will hold an equal number of units of GEN LLC upon the completion of this offering, and will hold % of the combined voting power of our common stock immediately after this offering. The holders of our Class B common stock will have the ability to control the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval. See Organizational Structure.
We will be a controlled company under the corporate governance listing standards of the Exchange, following the completion of this offering. See ManagementControlled Company Exemption.
We are an emerging growth company and smaller reporting company as defined under the U.S. federal securities laws and, as such, have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements for this and future filings. See Prospectus SummaryImplications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and Smaller Reporting Company.
Investing in our Class A common stock involves risks that are described in the Risk Factors section beginning on page 18 of this prospectus.
Per Share |
Total | |||||||
Initial public offering price |
$ | $ | ||||||
Underwriting discount |
$ | $ | ||||||
Proceeds to us, before expenses |
$ | $ |
The underwriters may also exercise an option to purchase up to an additional shares of our Class A common stock from us, at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount, for 30 days after the date of this prospectus.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The shares of Class A common stock will be ready for delivery on or about , 2023.
Sole Book-Running Manager
Roth Capital Partners |
Co-Managers
Craig-Hallum Capital Group | The Benchmark Company |
The date of this prospectus is , 2023.
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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION AND OTHER DATA |
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MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS OF CLASS A COMMON STOCK |
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Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide you with information other than that contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. We and the underwriters take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We and the underwriters are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, Class A common stock only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus or any free writing prospectus is accurate only as of its date, regardless of its time of delivery or of any sale of shares of our Class A common stock. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.
Through and including , 2023 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to a dealers obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment or subscription.
For investors outside of the United States: We have not and the underwriters have not, done anything that would permit this offering, or possession or distribution of this prospectus, in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than the United States. Persons outside of the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the shares of our Class A common stock and the distribution of this prospectus outside of the United States.
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GENERAL INFORMATION
Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to (i) GEN Inc. refers to GEN Restaurant Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, the company conducting the offering made pursuant to this prospectus and not to any of its subsidiaries, (ii) GEN Restaurant Group refers to an unconsolidated group of entities listed in the historical financial statements included in this prospectus and owned primarily by either David Kim or Jae Chang, our co-Chief Executive Officers and Directors, (iii) GEN LLC refers to GEN Restaurant Companies, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and subsidiary of GEN Inc., and (iv) the Company, we, us, our and GEN refer to GEN Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. GEN Inc. was incorporated as a Delaware corporation on October 28, 2021 and, prior to the consummation of the Reorganization described herein and our initial public offering, did not conduct any activities other than those incidental to our formation and our initial public offering.
Basis of Presentation
This prospectus includes certain historical financial and other data for GEN Restaurant Group. The results of GEN Restaurant Group represent the combined results of 19 restaurants owned primarily by David Kim and 12 restaurants owned primarily by Jae Chang. These restaurants have been operated by Mr. Kim or Mr. Chang independently on an unconsolidated basis, but in a substantially similar manner under the name GEN Korean BBQ House. Just prior to the consummation of this offering, as a part of the Reorganization, these 31 restaurants, in addition to the restaurant opened in 2023, will be consolidated into a single corporate structure under GEN LLC. Following this offering and the Reorganization, GEN Restaurant Group will be the predecessor of GEN Inc. for financial reporting purposes. Immediately following this offering, GEN Inc. will be a holding company, and its sole material asset will be a controlling equity interest in GEN LLC. As the sole managing member of GEN LLC, GEN Inc. will operate and control all of the business and affairs of GEN LLC and, through GEN LLC and its subsidiaries, conduct our business. GEN Inc. will consolidate GEN LLC on its consolidated financial statements and record a noncontrolling interest related to the Class B units held by the Class B stockholders on its consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations. See Organizational Structure.
Numerical figures included in this prospectus have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, numerical figures shown as totals in various tables may not be arithmetic aggregations of the figures that precede them.
Market and Industry Data
This prospectus contains estimates, projections and other information concerning our industry, our business and the markets for our restaurants. Some market data and statistical information contained in this prospectus are also based on managements estimates and calculations, which are derived from our review and interpretation of the independent sources listed below, our internal research and knowledge of our market. This information involves a number of assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to such information. We have not independently verified market data and industry forecasts provided by any of these or any other third-party sources referred to in this prospectus. In addition, projections, assumptions and estimates of the future performance of the industry in which we operate and our future performance are necessarily subject to uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in the sections titled Risk Factors and Forward-Looking Statements and elsewhere in this prospectus. These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in the projections and estimates made by the independent third parties and us.
Unless otherwise expressly stated, we obtained industry, business, market and other data from the reports, publications and other materials and sources listed herein. In some cases, we do not expressly refer to the sources from which this data is derived. In that regard, when we refer to one or more sources of this type of data in any paragraph, you should assume that other data of this type appearing in the same paragraph is derived from the same sources, unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires.
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Information contained on any website or linked therein or otherwise connected thereto does not constitute part of and is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. We have included the website address in this prospectus solely as an inactive textual reference.
Trademarks
We own or have the rights to use various trademarks, service marks and trade names that we use in connection with the operation of our business. This prospectus may also contain trademarks, service marks and trade names of third parties, which are the property of their respective owners. Our use or display of third parties trademarks, service marks, trade names or products in this prospectus is not intended to, and does not, imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship by, us. Solely for convenience, the trademarks, service marks and trade names presented in this prospectus may appear without the ®, TM or SM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the rights of the applicable licensor to these trademarks, service marks and trade names.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Adjusted EBITDA is not recognized under GAAP. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and consulting fees paid to a related party and we also exclude non-recurring items, such as gain on extinguishment of debt, and Restaurant Revitalization Fund, or RRF, grants, employee retention credits, litigation accruals, aborted deferred IPO costs written off and non-cash lease expenses. Adjusted EBITDA Margin is defined as Adjusted EBITDA divided by revenue. We define Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA as Income (loss) from operations plus adjustments to add-back the following expenses: depreciation and amortization, pre-opening costs, general and administrative expenses, related party consulting fees, management fees and non-cash lease expense. We define Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin as Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA divided by revenue.
Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin are intended as supplemental measures of our performance that are neither required by, nor presented in accordance with, GAAP. We are presenting Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin because we believe that they provide useful information to management and investors regarding certain financial and business trends relating to our financial condition and operating results. We believe that the use of these non-GAAP financial measures provide additional tools for investors to use in evaluating ongoing operating results and trends and in comparing the Companys financial measures with those of comparable companies, which may present similar non-GAAP financial measures to investors. Our presentation of these measures should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Our computation of these measures may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies, because all companies may not calculate these non-GAAP measures in the same fashion.
Because of these limitations, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin should not be considered in isolation or as substitutes for performance measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using these non-GAAP measures on a supplemental basis.
For reconciliations of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin to their nearest GAAP financial measures, see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsNon-GAAP Financial Measures.
Additional Financial Metrics and Other Data
As used in this prospectus, unless otherwise noted or the context otherwise requires:
| Net Income Margin means Net Income divided by revenue. |
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| Average Unit Volume or AUV means the average annual restaurant sales for all restaurants open for a full 18 months before the end of the period measured. We have not made any adjustments to exclude restaurants in 2021 that experienced temporary closures and mandated capacity limitations caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. |
| Cash-On-Cash Returns means Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA divided by Net Build-Out Costs. |
| Net Build-Out Costs means all capitalized construction and construction-related costs plus pre-opening costs associated with a new restaurant, less tenant improvement allowances provided by the landlord. |
| Payback Period means the length of time, in years, required to recoup Net Build-Out Costs after the restaurant opening date. |
| Revenue Per Square Foot means the average annual restaurant sales for all restaurants opened a full 18 months before the end of the period measured divided by average square footage of all such restaurants. |
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This summary highlights selected information discussed in this prospectus. The summary is not complete and does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in our Class A common stock. Therefore, you should read this entire prospectus carefully, including the sections titled Risk Factors, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and our financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus, before making a decision to purchase shares of our Class A common stock. Some of the statements in this summary constitute forward-looking statements. See Forward-Looking Statements.
Who We Are
GEN Korean BBQ is one of the largest Asian casual dining restaurant concepts by total revenue in the United States. Founded by two Korean immigrants, we have grown over the last eleven years to 32 company-owned restaurants as of May 26, 2023 by delivering an engaging and interactive dining experience where our guests serve as their own chefs. We offer an extensive menu of traditional Korean and Korean-American food, including high-quality meats, poultry, seafood and mixed vegetables, all at a superior value. Our restaurants have modern décor, lively Korean pop music playing in the background and embedded grills in the center of each table. Our food is served family style and requires guests to share and coordinate their cooking responsibilities, which fosters more meaningful interaction than traditional casual dining. We believe our unique culinary experience appeals to a vast segment of the population, particularly Millennials and Gen Z.
Our co-founders, Jae Chang and David Kim, both highly experienced and successful restaurateur, joined forces to create our new Korean barbeque concept, opening our first restaurant in 2011 in Tustin, California. Since then, we have successfully opened profitable restaurants in multiple new markets. As of May 26, 2023, we operated 32 locations across California, Arizona, Nevada, Hawaii, Texas and New York. Our revenues in the year ended December 31, 2022 surpassed the revenue levels in 2021. In 2022, we achieved a Net Income Margin of 6.3%, a Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin of 20.5% and an Adjusted EBITDA Margin of 13.1%. In the three months ended March 31, 2023, we achieved a Net Income Margin of 9.4%, a Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin of 19.2% and an Adjusted EBITDA Margin of 11.9%.
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Select Financial Results by Quarter
(unaudited)
For reconciliations of Net income to Adjusted EBITDA Margin and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin, see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsQuarterly Results of Operations.
GEN Korean BBQ: An Engaging Dining Experience
We believe our restaurants offer a memorable dining experience. When our guests arrive, they are frequently met with crowds of other enthusiastic patrons eager to be seated. Guests are able to join our waitlist upon arrival, or ahead of time by checking in online, and can request their preferred seating option, choosing from our conventional table top grills, bars and, where available, outdoor seating areas.
As guests make their way to their tables, they are immediately met with the mouth-watering aromas and sizzling sounds of our offerings. From the unique modern décor, to the motion of our friendly staff quickly completing orders and the sounds of vibrant Korean pop music, the atmosphere in our restaurants is distinct and engages the senses.
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Once seated, guests are welcomed with a diverse assortment of appetizing side dishes, or banchan. After sampling the banchan, guests turn their attention to our extensive menu, which encourages adventurous dining. Our curated selection features premium cuts of unmarinated and marinated beef, pork, poultry, seafood and mixed vegetables. Our thinly sliced tender briskets, thick cut pork belly, sweet marinated chicken and spicy shrimp, among other favorites, make for a delicious culinary experience. Our guests are able to place unlimited orders of any food item all for one affordable, fixed price. Guests can also purchase alcoholic beverages to enjoy throughout their dining experience. Since our guests serve as their own chefs and cook the majority of their meals themselves on a grill embedded in the center of each table, they experience minimal wait times once seated, have full control over their portions and are able to grill their food at their desired pace and temperatures.
Our Innovative Approach Drives Our Competitive Strengths
We believe we have been able to distinguish ourselves from other restaurant concepts by taking an innovative approach, focused on efficiency without compromising quality, highlighted by the following strengths:
| Unlimited Orders at One Affordable, All-Inclusive Price. Our guests can order unlimited quantities of food for a fixed price generally ranging from $17.95 to $20.99 for lunch and $25.95 to $29.95 for dinner as of March 31, 2023, except $35.95 for dinner at the Miracle Mile at Las Vegas, NV location and $26.95 for lunch, $32.95 for regular dinner and $36.95 for late dinner at the Manhattan, NY location. Our affordable price points make our concept accessible to multiple demographics and allow our guests to discover a variety of traditional Korean and Korean-American fusion dishes at a fixed price compared to the a la carte pricing found at other casual dining restaurants. |
| Efficient Cook-It-Yourself Business Model. Using our cook-it-yourself model, we have been able to operate our restaurants with no chefs and limited personnel needed to process orders in the kitchen. Our menu items come ready-to-serve from our suppliers, allowing us to quickly fill guest orders after a simple transfer from package to plate. This approach ensures consistent food quality across all of our restaurants and provides for more efficient operations than traditional restaurants, which in turn allows us to cater to high traffic levels. Additionally, because our guests serve as their own chefs, we believe our kitchens require a smaller percentage of our footprint than other casual dining restaurant concepts, enabling more space for guest seating. |
| Strong Supplier Network Provides Foundation for Growth. We currently have informal arrangements with our key suppliers precluding them from selling Korean barbeque-related products to other distributors. In addition to our primary suppliers, we have established relationships with potential new suppliers that we can quickly engage if we are faced with supply chain disruptions. To date, we have not experienced any such disruptions. Our longstanding and consistent partnerships allow us to meet any increased demand we experience. As we continue to scale and open new restaurants, we believe our strong supply network has the ability to support our growth. |
| Large Community of Loyal Enthusiasts. Based in part on our online reviews, we believe we have attracted a passionate and loyal group of customers, including Millennial and Gen Z enthusiasts who enjoy trying new cuisines of various ethnic origins. We believe these foodies enjoy our diverse menu of flavorful Korean and Korean-American food, affordable price points and differentiated dining ambience. |
| Unique Guest Experience Drives Positive Customer Ratings. Many of our guests express their enthusiasm for our concept experience by rating and reviewing our restaurants online. As of May 24, 2023, we have a 4.0 and 4.2 average star rating on Yelp and Google across our restaurants with 2,722 and 1,293 average reviews per restaurant on Yelp and Google, respectively. These strong, positive reviews have allowed us to rely on this type of word-of-mouth advertising to increase brand awareness in lieu of more traditional marketing efforts. As a result, in 2022 and 2021, our annual marketing expenses comprised 0.1% of our total revenue. |
| In-House Design and Fabrication Capabilities. Well-functioning ventilation systems are critical to Korean barbeque restaurant concepts due to the need to simultaneously ventilate each table. In order to ensure a proper setup, many of our competitors rely on third-party contractors, who can be prohibitively expensive and require |
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lengthy lead times. We take a different approach, designing and fabricating our ventilation systems in-house, which in turn provides us with greater control than our competition over quality, costs and lead times. |
| An Inspirational Founder-led Management Team. Our team is led by experienced and passionate senior management who are committed to providing the highest quality service and experience for our guests. Our co-founder, Jae Chang, has over 25 years of entrepreneurial experience in the restaurant and hospitality industry. Jae has grown a number of successful Asian restaurant concepts, including locations under the Shabuya, Sumo, Octopus, H2O Sushi and California Gogi brands. Our other co-founder, David Kim, is a seasoned restaurateur and entrepreneur who successfully established a career in the restaurant industry as a multi-unit franchisee of Dennys, Carls Jr., Golden Corral and Pick-Up Stix. Prior to GEN, David led an investor consortium that purchased Baja Fresh from Wendys International, Inc., and later La Salsa, Inc. from CKE Restaurants. As CEO of Baja Fresh, David oversaw a company with sales of over $400 million and over 400 locations. |
Our Performance
All restaurants were operating with no COVID-19 capacity restrictions beginning with the second quarter of 2022. We achieved the following financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022:
| Our revenue grew 14.7% to $43.9 million from $38.3 million. |
| Our net income attributable to GEN Restaurant Group increased 38.3% to $4.1 million from $3.0 million. |
| Our Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA increased 3.6% to $8.4 million from 8.1 million. Our Restaurant Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin decreased to 19.2% from 21.2%. |
| Our Adjusted EBITDA decreased 10.3% to $5.2 million from $5.8 million. Our Adjusted EBITDA Margin decreased to 11.9% from 15.2%. |
We have also achieved the following financial metrics:
| AUVs of approximately $5.9 million for the 28 restaurants that were opened 18 full months prior to December 31, 2022 and $6.0 million for the 28 restaurants that were opened 18 full months prior to March 31, 2023. |
| Revenue per square foot of $890 for the 28 restaurants that were opened for 18 full months prior to December 31, 2022, and revenue per square foot of $899 for the 28 restaurants opened 18 full months prior to March 31, 2023. |
| Average Net Build-Out Costs of approximately $1.8 million for new units opened during 2018 and 2019 and $1.9 million for new units opened in 2022. |
| Average Cash-On-Cash Returns of 88% for the 28 restaurants open for all of 2022. |
| Average Payback Period of 1.4 years for the 21 restaurants that had covered initial investment costs prior to the temporary COVID-19 shutdowns in early 2020. |
We also achieved the following financial results for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021:
| Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $163.7 million compared to 2021 revenue of $140.6 million, an increase of $23.2 million or 16.5%. |
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| From 2021 to 2022, our net income attributable to GEN Restaurant Group decreased 79.4% from $49.9 million to $10.3 million largely due to $22.3 million of loan forgiveness and $13.0 million from a Restaurant Revitalization Fund grant we recognized only in 2021. Our Net Income Margin decreased to 6.3% in 2022 from 35.5% in 2021. |
| Our Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA decreased to $33.6 million in 2022 from $34.1 million in 2021. Our Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin decreased to 20.5% from 24.2%. |
| Our Adjusted EBITDA decreased to $21.4 million from $25.0 million. Our Adjusted EBITDA Margin decreased to 13.1% from 17.8%. |
For reconciliations of net income to Adjusted EBITDA and to Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsNon-GAAP Financial Measures.
Our Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic and How We Emerged as a Stronger Company
During the COVID-19 pandemic, we temporarily closed all of our existing restaurants in March 2020. Faced with mandatory restaurant closures, imposed capacity limitations and other pandemic-related challenges, our foundational roots of persistence and resilience served us well. In response to the pandemic, we took various steps to reduce non-essential spend and postpone restaurant development.
Since the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, we believe the loosening of government restrictions, vaccine roll-outs and consumers yearning for pre-pandemic lifestyles have driven our successful recovery. By the end of 2021 we had reopened all of our 28 restaurants for dinner and a majority of them for lunch, and as of the end of the first quarter of 2022 all of our restaurants had returned to pre-pandemic operations.
Between April and June 2020 and during 2021, we received aggregate proceeds of $23.0 million from loans under the Paycheck Protection Program of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, or the CARES Act, which we used to retain current employees, maintain payroll and make lease and utility payments. To date, we have received formal notices of loan forgiveness in the amount of approximately $22.7 million related to these loans, of which $22.3 million was reflected in income in 2021 and $0.4 million was reflected in income in the first quarter of 2022. In addition, the Company has received approximately $16.8 million from the Restaurant Revitalization Fund, or RRF, under The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 and has received $4.7 million from the Employee retention credits. For further information, see Risk FactorsOur Paycheck Protection Program loan and our applications for such loan could in the future be determined to have been impermissible or could result in damage to our reputation. While these loans and grants were important factors for our cash flow and operations for the last two years, given the closures and restrictions in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, we do not believe that our results of operations going forward will be impacted by the lack of further loans or grants. Because these loans and grant enabled us to retain most of our employees, we were able to quickly resume our operations once restrictions were lifted.
For further information regarding our operations during the COVID-19 pandemic, see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Results and OperationsBusiness Trends; Effects of COVID-19 on Our Business.
Our Growth Strategies
Open Additional Restaurants in New and Existing Markets. Since opening our original restaurant in Tustin, California, we have successfully opened profitable new restaurants throughout Southern and Northern California, and in Nevada, Texas, Hawaii, Arizona and New York. We intend to leverage our expertise opening new
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restaurants to expand further into new geographies with the same rigorous and thoughtful new site and restaurant build-out process that we have successfully demonstrated in the past. Prior to the pandemic, we opened four new restaurants in both 2018 and 2019. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we opened no new restaurants in 2020 and 2021. With COVID-19 restrictions eased, we have restarted our pipeline of new restaurants and during 2022 we opened three new restaurants in Webster, Texas, Las Vegas, Nevada and New York, New York. We have also signed leases for nine other locations. These locations are in Kapolei, Hawaii, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Chandler, Arizona, Westheimer, Texas, Seattle, Washington, Jacksonville, Florida, Dallas, Texas, Maui, Hawaii and Cerritos, California (at which we opened a new restaurant on April 4, 2023). We currently expect to open six or seven additional locations during the rest of 2023. We currently plan to open eight to ten new restaurants annually in new and existing domestic markets. We expect to open restaurants in new markets in states such as Oregon, Georgia, Virginia, Utah and also in the District of Columbia. Based on an internal study we conducted, we believe that we have long-term total restaurant potential for over 250 restaurants in the United States. Our restaurants have historically generated average Payback Periods of approximately 1.4 years with average Net Build-Out Costs of approximately $1.8 million for eight new units opened during 2018 and 2019. During 2022, we opened three restaurants with average Net Build-Out Costs of approximately $1.9 million. The last of the three restaurants opened in 2022 had Net Build-Out Costs of $2.6 million. Going forward, we are targeting average Net Build-Out Costs of $3.0 million with AUVs of approximately $5.0 million for our new restaurant units, resulting in a target Payback Period of approximately 2.5 years, which may vary depending on the specific market. The combination of our strong expertise in constructing new restaurants and tremendous whitespace opportunity positions us well to expand our concept into new markets.
Increase Restaurant Sales and Profitability. We initiated modest price increases in the second half of 2021 and in 2022 with no discernable change in guest behavior. We plan to continue to analyze and monitor price receptivity from our customers, and we believe there may be additional opportunities to implement modest price increases in the future with no material impact on customer traffic. Additionally, our strong supply chain capabilities and ability to operate with a limited number of employees have allowed us to control our costs. We continually look to invest in new technologies through rigorous testing and analyses to further improve and maintain an optimal cost structure, as well as to enhance our dining experience.
Selectively Pursue Wholesale Opportunities. With the favorable pricing terms we have established with our suppliers and distributors, during the pandemic we were able to continue providing a limited number of guests with our high-quality meats by introducing temporary bulk purchase options in 21 of our restaurants. Considering the positive response from our guests, we plan to selectively pursue wholesale opportunities going forward. We have engaged in early stage discussions with several national food retailers to offer our ready-to-serve meats. The COVID-19 pandemic served as an opportunity to not only assess the viability of a wholesale segment, but also to begin exploring other new service offerings we may be able into introduce to our existing business.
Corporate Information
GEN Inc. was incorporated in Delaware on October 28, 2021 as a Delaware corporation. It had no business operations prior to this offering. In connection with the consummation of this offering, GEN Inc. will become the managing member of GEN LLC, pursuant to the Reorganization described under Organizational StructureThe Reorganization. Our principal executive offices are located at 11480 South Street Suite 205, Cerritos, CA 90703 and our telephone number is (562) 356-9929. Our website address is www.genkoreanbbq.com. Information contained on our website or linked therein or otherwise connected thereto does not constitute part of and is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. We have included our website address in this prospectus solely as an inactive textual reference.
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Summary of Risks Affecting Our Business
Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those highlighted in the section entitled Risk Factors immediately following this prospectus summary. These risks include, but are not limited to, the following:
| We have experienced and continue to experience inflationary conditions with respect to the cost for food, ingredients, labor, construction and utilities, and we may not be able to increase prices or implement operational improvements sufficient to fully offset inflationary pressures on such costs, which may adversely impact our revenues and results of operations. |
| The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, our operations, financial condition and financial results. |
| Our long-term success is highly dependent on our ability to successfully identify and secure appropriate sites and timely develop and expand our operations in existing and new markets. |
| Our expansion into new markets may present increased risks due in part to our unfamiliarity with the areas and also due to consumer unfamiliarity with our concept and may make our future results unpredictable. |
| The impact global and domestic economic conditions have on consumer discretionary spending could materially adversely affect our financial performance. |
| Opening new restaurants in existing markets may negatively affect sales at our existing restaurants. |
| New restaurants, once opened, may not be profitable, and the increases in average restaurant sales and comparable restaurant sales that we have experienced in the past may not be indicative of future results. |
| Our sales and profit growth could be adversely affected if comparable restaurant sales are less than we expect. |
| Our failure to manage our growth effectively could harm our business and operating results. |
| Our limited number of restaurants, the significant expense associated with opening new restaurants and the unit volumes of our new restaurants makes us susceptible to significant fluctuations in our results of operations. |
| Our restaurant base is geographically concentrated, and we could be negatively affected by conditions specific to our markets. |
| Our plans to open new restaurants, and the ongoing need for capital expenditures at our existing restaurants, require us to spend capital. |
| We rely significantly on certain vendors and suppliers, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. |
| Changes in food and supply costs could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. |
| Failure to receive frequent deliveries of fresh food ingredients and other supplies could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations. |
| We face intense competition, and if we are unable to continue to compete effectively in the restaurant industry in general and, in particular, within the dining segments of the restaurant industry in which we compete, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected. |
| Food safety and foodborne illness concerns as well as outbreaks of flu, viruses or other diseases could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. |
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| New information or attitudes regarding diet and health could result in changes in regulations and consumer consumption habits that could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. |
| We rely significantly on the operation of our equipment, and any mechanical failure could prevent us from effectively operating our restaurants. |
| The loss of any registered trademark or other intellectual property or our failure to maximize or successfully assert our intellectual property rights could enable other companies to compete more effectively with us. |
| Negative publicity relating to one of our restaurants could reduce sales at some or all of our other restaurants. |
| We are subject to all of the risks associated with leasing space subject to long-term non-cancelable leases. |
| Our Paycheck Protection Program loan and our applications for such loans could in the future be determined to have been impermissible or could result in damage to our reputation. |
| If we face labor shortages, increased labor costs or unionization activities, our growth, business, financial condition and operating results could be adversely affected. |
| Failure to obtain and maintain required licenses and permits or to comply with alcoholic beverage or food control regulations could lead to the loss of our liquor and food service licenses and, thereby, harm our business, financial condition or results of operations. |
| Governmental regulation may adversely affect our ability to open new restaurants or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. |
| We could be party to litigation that could adversely affect us by distracting management, increasing our expenses or subjecting us to material monetary damages and other remedies. |
| Our current insurance may not provide adequate levels of coverage against claims. |
| Changes to accounting rules or regulations may adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. |
| The Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, might challenge the tax basis step-ups and other tax benefits we receive in connection with this offering and the related transactions and in connection with future acquisitions of GEN LLC units. |
| GEN Inc. will be required to pay over to members of GEN LLC (other than GEN Inc.) most of the tax benefits GEN Inc. receives from tax basis step-ups (and certain other tax benefits) attributable to its acquisition of units of GEN LLC in the future, and the amount of those payments are expected to be substantial. |
| In certain circumstances, GEN LLC will be required to make distributions to us and the other members of GEN LLC, and the distributions that GEN LLC will be required to make may be substantial. |
| Future changes to tax laws or our effective tax rate could materially and adversely affect our company and reduce net returns to our stockholders. |
| Our charter documents and the Delaware General Corporation Law, or the DGCL, could discourage takeover attempts and other corporate governance changes. |
| Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will include an exclusive forum clause, which could limit our stockholders ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us. |
| We have no history operating as a consolidated entity. |
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| The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources, divert our managements attention and affect our ability to attract and retain qualified board members. |
| Failure to retain our senior management may adversely affect our operations. |
| We have identified two material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, which could impact our ability to produce timely, accurate and reliable financial statements could be impaired. |
You should carefully consider all of the information set forth in this prospectus and, in particular, the information in the section entitled Risk Factors beginning on page 18 of this prospectus prior to making an investment in our common stock. These risks could, among other things, prevent us from successfully executing our strategies and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Organizational Structure
In connection with this offering, we will undertake certain transactions as part of the Reorganization, described under Organizational Structure below. The Reorganization will be conducted through what is commonly referred to as an UP-C structure, which is often used by partnerships and limited liability companies undertaking an initial public offering. The UP-C approach provides the current owners of GEN Restaurant Group with the tax advantage of owning interests in a pass-through structure and provides current and potential future tax benefits for the public company and economic benefits for the existing members of GEN LLC when they ultimately exchange their pass-through interests and corresponding shares of Class B common stock for shares of Class A common stock. Following the Reorganization and this offering, GEN Inc. will be a holding company and its sole asset will be ownership of Class A units of GEN LLC, of which it will be the managing member. The members of GEN LLC holding common units received in exchange for the ownership interests of the entities comprising GEN Restaurant Group prior to this offering will hold Class B units of GEN LLC and will also own an equal number of shares of Class B common stock of GEN Inc. upon completion of this offering.
Prior to the Reorganization, certain companies within GEN Restaurant Group, as separate private entities, have made, and will continue to make, distributions to their members which will impact our cash position upon completion of this offering. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsLiquidity and Capital Resources.
GEN Inc. will enter into a tax receivable agreement for the benefit of the members of GEN LLC or their permitted assignees (not including GEN Inc.), or the Tax Receivable Agreement, pursuant to which GEN Inc. will pay 85% of the amount of the net cash tax savings, if any, that GEN Inc. realizes (or, under certain circumstances, is deemed to realize) as a result of (i) increases in tax basis (and utilization of certain other tax benefits) resulting from GEN Inc.s acquisition of a members GEN LLC units in future exchanges and (ii) any payments GEN Inc. makes under the Tax Receivable Agreement (including tax benefits related to imputed interest). Payments made pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement are expected to be substantial. Generally, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be made to certain members of GEN LLC (not including GEN Inc.) pursuant to the terms of the Tax Receivable Agreement. Such payments will reduce the amount of cash resulting from the tax savings previously described, that would have otherwise been available to GEN LLC for other uses, including reinvestment or dividends to GEN Inc. Class A stockholders. See Organizational Structure and Certain Relationships and Related Person TransactionsTax Receivable Agreement.
The amount payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be based on an annual calculation of the reduction in our U.S. federal, state and local taxes resulting from the utilization of certain tax benefits resulting
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from sales and exchanges by certain continuing members of GEN LLC of their GEN LLC units. See Certain Relationships and Related Person TransactionsTax Receivable Agreement. Assuming no material changes in the relevant tax law and that we earn sufficient taxable income to realize all tax benefits that are subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement, we expect that the reduction in tax payments for us associated with the federal, state and local tax benefits described above would aggregate to approximately $ million through 2037. Under such scenario we would be required to pay certain continuing members of GEN LLC 85% of such amount, or $ million through 2037.
The diagram below illustrates our structure and anticipated ownership immediately after the Reorganization and this offering (assuming no exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares) and does not reflect the issuances of awards pursuant to our 2023 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2023 Plan.
Amounts may not sum to total due to rounding.
(1) | At the closing of this offering, the members of GEN LLC other than GEN Inc. will be certain historic owners of GEN Restaurant Group, all of whom, in the aggregate, will own Class B units of GEN LLC and shares of Class B common stock of GEN Inc. after this offering assuming no exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares and Class B units of GEN LLC and shares of Class B common stock of GEN Inc. if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full. |
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(2) | Each share of Class A common stock will be entitled to one vote and will vote together with the Class B common stock as a single class, except as provided in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or required by law. See Organizational StructureVoting Rights of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. |
(3) | Each share of Class B common stock is entitled to ten votes and will vote together with the Class A common stock as a single class, except as provided in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or required by law. The Class B common stock will not have any economic rights in GEN Inc. |
(4) | GEN Inc. will own all of the Class A units of GEN LLC after the Reorganization, which upon the completion of this offering will represent the right to receive approximately % of the distributions made by GEN LLC assuming no exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares and approximately % of the distributions made by GEN LLC if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full. While this interest represents a minority of economic interests in GEN LLC, it represents 100% of the voting interests, and GEN Inc. will act as the managing member of GEN LLC. As a result, GEN Inc. will operate and control all of GEN LLCs business and affairs and will be able to consolidate its financial results into GEN Inc.s financial statements. |
(5) | The historic owners of the GEN Restaurant Group will collectively hold all Class B common stock of GEN Inc. outstanding after this offering. They also will collectively hold all Class B units of GEN LLC, which upon the completion of this offering will represent the right to receive approximately % of the distributions made by GEN LLC assuming no exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares and approximately % of the distributions made by GEN LLC if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full. The historic owners of the GEN Restaurant Group will have no voting rights in GEN LLC on account of the Class B units, except for the right to approve amendments to the GEN LLC Agreement that adversely affect their rights as holders of Class B units. However, through their ownership of shares of Class B common stock, the historic owners of the GEN Restaurant Group will control a majority of the voting power of the common stock of GEN Inc., the managing member of GEN LLC, and will therefore have indirect control over GEN LLC. Class B units may be exchanged for shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, for cash, subject to certain restrictions pursuant to the GEN LLC Agreement described in Organizational StructureGEN LLC Agreement. When a Class B stockholder exchanges Class B units for the corresponding number of shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, for cash, it will result in the automatic retirement of the corresponding number of shares of our Class B common stock and, therefore, will decrease the aggregate voting power of our historic owners of the GEN Restaurant Group. Any beneficial holder exchanging Class B units must ensure that the applicable corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock are delivered to us for retirement as a condition of exercising its right to exchange Class B units for shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, for cash. |
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and Smaller Reporting Company
As a company with less than $1.07 billion in revenue during our last fiscal year, we qualify as an emerging growth company, or EGC, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. For so long as we remain an EGC, we are permitted and have elected to rely on exemptions from specified disclosure requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not EGCs. These exemptions include:
| being permitted to provide only two years of audited financial statements, in addition to any required unaudited interim financial statements, with correspondingly reduced Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations disclosure; |
| not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements in the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting; |
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| not being required to comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditors report providing additional information about the audit, the financial statements and Critical Audit Matters; |
| reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation; and |
| exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and on the frequency of such votes as well as stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. |
We may take advantage of these provisions for up to five years or such earlier time when we are no longer an EGC. We will cease to be an EGC if we have more than $1.07 billion in annual revenue, have more than $700 million in market value of our capital stock held by non-affiliates or issue more than $1 billion of non-convertible debt over a three-year period. We may choose to take advantage of some, but not all, of the available exemptions. We have taken advantage of some reduced reporting burdens in this prospectus. Accordingly, the information contained herein may be different than the information you receive from other public companies in which you may hold stock.
The JOBS Act provides that an EGC may take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. This provision allows an EGC to delay the adoption of accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to take advantage of this extended transition period, and as a result, we will comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption is required for private companies.
We are also a smaller reporting company as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company even after we are no longer an emerging growth company. We may take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosures available to smaller reporting companies and will be able to take advantage of these scaled disclosures for so long as our voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter, or our annual revenue is less than $100.0 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and our voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700.0 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter.
Accordingly, the information contained herein may be different than the information you receive from other public companies in which you hold stock, and our financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of issuers who are required to comply with the effective dates for new or revised accounting standards that are applicable to public companies. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Common Stock and This OfferingWe are an emerging growth company and a smaller reporting company and as a result of the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies, our common stock may be less attractive to investors.
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THE OFFERING
Issuer |
GEN Restaurant Group, Inc. | |
Class A common stock offered by us |
shares | |
Underwriters option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock from us |
shares | |
Class A common stock outstanding immediately after this offering |
shares of Class A common stock (or shares of Class A common stock if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock in full). | |
Class B common stock outstanding immediately after this offering |
shares of Class B common stock. Class B common stock will be issued to holders of Class B units in GEN LLC. One share of Class B common stock will be issued for each Class B unit of GEN LLC outstanding. | |
Use of proceeds |
We estimate that our net proceeds from this offering, based on an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share of Class A common stock (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus), after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions but before deducting expenses of this offering and the Reorganization payable by us, will be approximately $ million, or approximately $ million if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock.
We intend to use $ million of the net proceeds from this offering to purchase newly issued Class A units of GEN LLC, at a per-unit price equal to the per-share price paid by the underwriters for shares of our Class A common stock in this offering.
We intend to cause GEN LLC to use the remaining net proceeds to pay the expenses incurred by us in connection with this offering and the Reorganization, and for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including new unit openings. See Use of Proceeds for a more complete description of the intended use of proceeds from this offering. | |
Representatives Warrants |
Upon the closing of this offering, we will issue to Roth Capital Partners, LLC, as representative of the several underwriters, warrants, or the Representatives Warrants, entitling it to purchase a number of shares of common stock equal to % of the shares of common stock sold in this offering by us at an exercise price equal to 100% of the public offering price of the common stock in this offering. The Representatives Warrants will expire five years after the effective date of the registration |
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statement of which this prospectus forms a part. See Underwriting. | ||
Dividend policy |
We have no present intention to pay cash dividends on our common stock. Any determination to pay dividends to holders of our common stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon many factors, including our financial condition, results of operations, projections, liquidity, earnings, legal requirements, restrictions in our existing and any future debt agreements and other factors that our board of directors deems relevant. Holders of our Class B common stock will not be entitled to dividends from GEN Inc.
Following the Reorganization and this offering, GEN Inc. will be a holding company and its sole asset will be ownership of the Class A units of GEN LLC, of which it will be the managing member. Subject to funds being legally available for distribution, we intend to cause GEN LLC to make distributions to each of its members, including GEN Inc., in an amount intended to enable each member to pay applicable taxes on taxable income allocable to each member and to allow GEN Inc. to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. If the amount of tax distributions to be made exceeds the amount of funds available for distribution, GEN Inc. shall receive a tax distribution calculated using the corporate rate before the other members receive any distribution and the balance, if any, of funds available for distribution shall be distributed to the other members in accordance with the GEN LLC Agreement. See Dividend Policy. | |
Voting rights |
We have two classes of authorized common stock: Class A common stock and Class B common stock. Each share of Class A common stock will entitle the holder to one vote, while each share of Class B common stock will entitle the holder to ten votes.
Holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will vote together as a single class on all matters presented to our stockholders for their vote or approval, except as otherwise provided in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or as required by applicable law. See Description of Capital Stock. When a Class B stockholder exchanges Class B units for the corresponding number of shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, for cash, it will result in the automatic retirement of the corresponding number of shares of our Class B common stock and, therefore, will decrease the aggregate voting power of our Class B stockholders. Immediately following the completion of this offering, the outstanding shares of our Class B common stock will represent approximately % of the voting power of our outstanding stock (or % if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares). The holders of our Class B common stock, all of whom were members of GEN LLC prior to this offering, including our co-founders, will |
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have the ability to control the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of directors. See Organizational StructureVoting Rights of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. | ||
Exchange of Class B units |
We have reserved for issuance shares of our Class A common stock, which is the aggregate number of shares of our Class A common stock expected to be issued over time upon the exchanges by the Class B unitholders. See Organizational Structure. | |
GEN LLC Agreement |
The GEN LLC Agreement will entitle certain of its members (and certain permitted transferees thereof) to exchange their Class B units, together with an equal number of shares of Class B common stock, for shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis or, at our election, for cash. When a Class B unit is exchanged for a share of our Class A common stock, the corresponding share of our Class B common stock will automatically be retired. See Organizational StructureGEN LLC Agreement and Certain Relationships and Related Person TransactionsGEN LLC Agreement. | |
Tax Receivable Agreement |
GEN Inc. will enter into the Tax Receivable Agreement for the benefit of the members of GEN LLC or their permitted assignees (not including GEN Inc.) pursuant to which GEN Inc. will pay 85% of the amount of the net cash tax savings, if any, that GEN Inc. realizes (or, under certain circumstances, is deemed to realize) as a result of (i) increases in tax basis (and utilization of certain other tax benefits) resulting from GEN Inc.s acquisition of a members GEN LLC units in future exchanges and (ii) any payments GEN Inc. makes under the Tax Receivable Agreement (including tax benefits related to imputed interest). Payments made pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement are expected to be substantial. See Organizational Structure and Certain Relationships and Related Person TransactionsTax Receivable Agreement. | |
Risk factors |
You should carefully read and consider the information set forth in the section entitled Risk Factors beginning on page 18, together with all of the other information set forth in this prospectus, before deciding whether to invest in our Class A common stock. | |
Symbol |
GENK |
Unless otherwise noted, Class A common stock outstanding after the offering and other information based thereon in this prospectus does not reflect any of the following:
| shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares; |
| shares of Class A common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Representatives Warrants; |
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| shares of Class A common stock issuable under the 2023 Plan (under which no equity awards have been granted as of ), including: |
(i) shares of Class A common stock underlying restricted stock units or other awards to be granted to certain employees and non-employee directors pursuant to the 2023 Plan immediately after the closing of this offering; and
(ii) additional shares of Class A common stock to be reserved for future issuance of awards under the 2023 Plan; and
| shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance upon exchange of the Class B units of GEN LLC (and corresponding shares of Class B common stock) that will be outstanding immediately after this offering. |
Unless otherwise indicated in this prospectus, all information in this prospectus assumes the completion of the Reorganization and that shares of our Class A common stock will be sold in this offering at $ per share (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus).
Throughout this prospectus, we present performance metrics and financial information regarding the business of GEN Restaurant Group. This information is generally presented on an enterprise-wide basis. The new public stockholders will be entitled to receive a pro rata portion of the economics of GEN LLCs operations through their ownership of our Class A common stock. GEN Inc.s ownership of Class A units initially will represent a minority share of GEN LLC. The existing owners of GEN Restaurant Group initially will continue to hold a majority of the economic interest in GEN LLCs operations as non-controlling interest holders, primarily through direct and indirect ownership of Class B units of GEN LLC. Prospective investors should be aware that the owners of the Class A common stock initially will be entitled only to a minority economic position, and therefore should evaluate performance metrics and financial information in this prospectus accordingly. As Class B units are exchanged for Class A common stock (or cash) over time, the percentage of the economic interest in GEN LLCs operations to which GEN Inc. and the public stockholders are entitled will increase proportionately.
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SUMMARY HISTORICAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The following table sets forth certain summary financial information and other data of GEN Restaurant Group on a historical basis. GEN Restaurant Group is considered our predecessor for accounting purposes and its financial statements will be our historical financial statements following this offering. The following summary historical statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 and the summary historical balance sheet data as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 have been derived from GEN Restaurant Groups audited financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We have derived the statements of operations data for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 and the balance sheet data as of March 31, 2023 from our unaudited interim financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary historical financial information should be read in conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our historical results and growth rates are not necessarily indicative of the results or growth rates to be expected in future periods.
Three months ended March 31, | Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||||||||
(unaudited) | (restated) | |||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 43,862 | $ | 38,252 | $ | 163,729 | $ | 140,561 | ||||||||
Restaurant operating expenses: |
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Food cost |
14,305 | 12,899 | 54,357 | 44,688 | ||||||||||||
Payroll and benefits |
13,652 | 11,299 | 48,866 | 40,710 | ||||||||||||
Occupancy expenses |
3,432 | 2,702 | 12,110 | 10,151 | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses |
4,126 | 3,284 | 15,019 | 12,533 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,113 | 1,055 | 4,314 | 4,337 | ||||||||||||
Pre-opening Costs |
519 | 158 | 1,455 | | ||||||||||||
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Total restaurant operating expenses |
37,147 | 31,397 | 136,121 | 112,419 | ||||||||||||
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General and administrative |
2,055 | 1,764 | 7,988 | 4,882 | ||||||||||||
Consulting fees - related party |
880 | 2,077 | 4,897 | 4,269 | ||||||||||||
Management fees |
588 | 535 | 2,332 | 2,280 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization - corporate |
18 | 7 | 39 | 26 | ||||||||||||
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Total costs and expenses |
40,688 | 35,780 | 151,377 | 123,876 | ||||||||||||
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Income from operations |
3,174 | 2,472 | 12,352 | 16,685 | ||||||||||||
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Gain on extinguishment of PPP debt |
| 387 | 387 | 22,285 | ||||||||||||
Restaurant revitalization fund grant |
| | | 12,963 | ||||||||||||
Employee retention credits |
1,165 | 45 | 3,532 | | ||||||||||||
Aborted deferred IPO costs written off |
| | (4,036 | ) | | |||||||||||
Other income (expenses) |
| | (835 | ) | 22 | |||||||||||
Interest expense, net |
(189 | ) | (82 | ) | (634 | ) | (197 | ) | ||||||||
Equity in income of equity method investee |
381 | 540 | 966 | 1,086 | ||||||||||||
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Net income |
4,531 | 3,362 | 11,732 | 52,844 | ||||||||||||
Less: Net Income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
397 | 373 | 1,451 | 2,985 | ||||||||||||
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Net income attributable to GEN Restaurant Group |
$ | 4,134 | $ | 2,989 | $ | 10,281 | $ | 49,859 | ||||||||
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Three months ended March 31, | Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||
(amounts in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||
(unaudited) | (restated) | |||||||||||
Combined Selected Balance Sheet Data: |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
9,775 | 11,195 | 9,890 | |||||||||
Total assets |
139,474 | 138,878 | 53,836 | |||||||||
Total liabilities |
143,263 | 144,139 | 41,643 | |||||||||
Total permanent equity (deficit) |
(5,289 | ) | (6,761 | ) | 10,693 |
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Investing in our Class A common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the following risks and uncertainties described below, together with all other information contained in this prospectus, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes appearing at the end of this prospectus, before deciding to invest in our Class A common stock. The occurrence of any of the following risks, as well as any risks or uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently do not believe to be material, could materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flow, in which case, the trading price of our Class A common stock could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Related to Our Growth Strategy and Restaurant Expansion
We have experienced and continue to experience inflationary conditions with respect to the cost for food, ingredients, labor, construction and utilities, and we may not be able to increase prices or implement operational improvements sufficient to fully offset inflationary pressures on such costs, which may adversely impact our revenues and results of operations.
The strength of our revenues and results of operations are dependent upon, among other things, the price and availability of food, ingredients, labor, construction and utilities. In the year ended 2021 and the year ended 2022, the costs of commodities, labor, energy and other inputs necessary to operate our restaurants significantly increased. Fluctuations in economic conditions, weather, demand and other factors also affect the cost of the ingredients and products that we buy. From 2021 to 2022, the percentage of sales of food costs increased from 31.8% to 33.2% and the percentage of sales of payroll and benefits costs increased from 29.0% to 29.8%. Our inability to anticipate and respond effectively to one or more adverse changes in any of these factors could have a significant adverse effect on our results of operations. We expect the inflationary pressures and other fluctuations impacting the cost of these items to continue to impact our business in the year ended 2023. Our attempts to offset cost pressures, such as through menu price increases and operational improvements, may not be successful. We initiated modest price increases in the second half of 2021 and in 2022 with no discernible change in guest behavior. We seek to provide a moderately priced product, and, as a result, we may not seek to or be able to pass along price increases to our customers sufficient to completely offset cost increases. Traffic may also be negatively impacted with menu price increases as consumers may be less willing to pay our menu prices and may increasingly visit lower-priced competitors, may reduce the frequency of their visits, or may forgo some purchases altogether. To the extent that price increases are not sufficient to offset higher costs adequately or in a timely manner, and/or if they result in significant decreases in revenue volume, our revenues and results of operations may be adversely affected.
The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, our operations, financial condition and financial results.
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. Since then, this contagious virus has continued to spread and has adversely affected workforces, customers, economies and financial markets globally as well as the markets in which we operate. In response to this outbreak, many state and local authorities in the markets in which we operate mandated the temporary closure of or imposed capacity limits to non-essential businesses and dine-in restaurant activity. COVID-19 and the government measures taken to control it have caused a significant disruption to our business operation. As of the end of the first quarter of 2022, all of our restaurants were operating at 100% indoor dining capacity. However, there can be no assurance that developments with respect to the COVID-19 pandemic and government measures taken to control it will not adversely affect our operations and financial results. Our restaurants are located in only six U.S. states. As a result of our concentration in these markets, we may be disproportionately affected by any increased severity of the pandemic and restrictive government measures in these locations compared to other chain restaurants with a more dispersed footprint.
Additionally, consumer behavior has changed and may fundamentally, permanently change as a result of COVID-19 in both the near and long term and such change may pose significant challenges to our current business model. Traffic in restaurants, including ours, has been affected and may be materially and adversely
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affected with more consumers relying on off-premises orders. All of this could materially and adversely impact sales at our restaurants and our growth prospects. We have made adjustments to our restaurant operations due to the COVID-19 pandemic and may have to re-design our service and business models to accommodate consumers changed behavior patterns. Any such effort could result in capital expenditures, business disruption and lower margin sales, and may not be successful in growing our profitability.
In addition to the COVID-19 pandemic, the United States may experience in the future, outbreaks of other viruses, such as norovirus, the bird/avian flu or other diseases. As we have experienced with the COVID-19 pandemic, if a regional or global health pandemic occurs, depending upon its location, duration and severity, our business could be severely affected.
Our long-term success is highly dependent on our ability to successfully identify and secure appropriate sites and timely develop and expand our operations in existing and new markets.
One of the key means of achieving our growth strategies will be through opening and operating new restaurants on a profitable basis for the foreseeable future. We opened four new restaurants in both 2018 and 2019, and opened three new restaurants in 2022. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we opened no new restaurants in 2020 and 2021. We identify target markets where we can enter or expand, taking into account numerous factors such as the locations of our current restaurants, demographics, traffic patterns and information gathered from various sources. We may not be able to open our planned new restaurants within budget or on a timely basis, if at all, given the uncertainty of these factors, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. As we operate more restaurants, our rate of expansion relative to the size of our restaurant base will eventually decline.
The number and timing of new restaurants opened during any given period may be negatively impacted by a number of factors including, without limitation:
| identification and availability of locations with the appropriate size, traffic patterns, local retail and business attractions and infrastructure that will drive high levels of guest traffic and sales per unit; |
| competition in existing and new markets, including competition for restaurant sites; |
| the ability to negotiate suitable lease terms; |
| the lack of development and overall decrease in commercial real estate due to a macroeconomic downturn; |
| recruitment and training of qualified personnel in the local market; |
| our ability to obtain all required governmental permits, including zonal approvals, on a timely basis; |
| our ability to control construction and development costs of new restaurants; |
| landlord delays; |
| the proximity of potential sites to an existing restaurant, and the impact of cannibalization on future growth; |
| anticipated commercial, residential and infrastructure development near our new restaurants; and |
| the cost and availability of capital to fund construction costs and pre-opening costs. |
Accordingly, we cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully expand as we may not correctly analyze the suitability of a location or anticipate all of the challenges imposed by expanding our operations. Our growth strategy, and the substantial investment associated with the development of each new restaurant, may cause our operating results to fluctuate and be unpredictable or adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. If we are unable to expand in existing markets or penetrate new markets, our ability to increase our sales and profitability may be materially harmed or we may face losses.
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In addition, our restaurant count potential based on our current whitespace analysis may change in the future, or we may conduct future analyses that yield results inconsistent with our earlier analysis.
Our expansion into new markets may present increased risks due in part to our unfamiliarity with the areas and also due to consumer unfamiliarity with our concept and may make our future results unpredictable.
As of May 26, 2023, we operate our restaurants in six states, California, Arizona, Nevada, Hawaii, Texas and New York. Although we opened no new restaurants in 2021, we opened three new restaurants in 2022 and we plan to increase the number of our restaurants in the next several years as part of our expansion strategy. We may in the future open restaurants in markets where we have little or no operating experience. This growth strategy and the substantial investment associated with the development of each new restaurant may cause our operating results to fluctuate and be unpredictable or adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Restaurants we open in new markets may take longer to reach expected sales and profit levels on a consistent basis and may have higher construction, occupancy or operating costs than restaurants we open in existing markets, thereby affecting our overall profitability. New markets may have competitive conditions, consumer tastes and discretionary spending patterns that are more difficult to predict or satisfy than our existing markets and there may be little or no market awareness of our brand or concept in these new markets. We may need to make greater investments than we originally planned in advertising and promotional activity in new markets to build brand awareness. We also may find it more difficult in new markets to hire, motivate and keep qualified employees who share our vision, passion and business culture. If we do not successfully execute our plans to enter new markets, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
The impact global and domestic economic conditions have on consumer discretionary spending could materially adversely affect our financial performance.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on global and domestic economies and will likely continue to negatively impact these economies for some time in the future. Dining out is a discretionary expenditure that historically has been influenced by domestic and global economic conditions. In addition to the COVID-19 pandemic, these conditions include, but may not be limited to: unemployment, general and industry-specific inflation, consumer confidence, consumer purchasing and saving habits, credit conditions, stock market performance, home values, population growth, household incomes and tax policy. Material changes to governmental policy related to domestic and international fiscal concerns, and/or changes in central bank policies with respect to monetary policy, also could affect consumer discretionary spending. Any factor affecting consumer discretionary spending may influence customer traffic in our restaurants and average check amount, thus potentially having a material impact on our financial performance. Furthermore, negative economic conditions resulting from war, terrorist activities, global economic occurrences or trends or other geo-political events or conflicts could cause consumers to make long-term changes to their discretionary spending behavior, whether on a temporary, extended or permanent basis. Reductions in staff levels and restaurant closures could result from prolonged negative economic conditions, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Opening new restaurants in existing markets may negatively affect sales at our existing restaurants.
The consumer target area of our restaurants varies by location, depending on a number of factors, including population density, other local retail and business attractions, area demographics and geography. As a result, the opening of a new restaurant in or near markets in which we already have restaurants could adversely affect the sales of these existing restaurants and thereby adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Existing restaurants could also make it more difficult to build our consumer base for a new restaurant in the same market. Our core business strategy does not entail opening new restaurants that we believe will materially affect sales at our existing restaurants, but we may selectively open new restaurants in and around areas of existing restaurants that are operating at or near capacity to effectively serve our guests. Sales cannibalization between our
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restaurants may become significant in the future as we continue to expand our operations and could affect our sales growth, which could, in turn, materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
New restaurants, once opened, may not be profitable, and the increases in average restaurant sales and comparable restaurant sales that we have experienced in the past may not be indicative of future results.
Our new restaurants have opened with strong volumes, which then typically decline after the initial sales surge that comes with interest in a new restaurant opening. New restaurants may not be profitable and their sales performance may not follow historical patterns. In addition, our average restaurant sales and comparable restaurant sales may not increase at the rates achieved over the past several years. Our business depends on the success of new restaurants as well as the success of existing restaurants. If sales at existing restaurant locations do not meet expectations and our new restaurants are not profitable, our business and results of operations may be harmed.
Our ability to operate new restaurants profitably and increase average restaurant sales and comparable restaurant sales will depend on many factors, some of which are beyond our control, including:
| consumer awareness and understanding of our brand and our concept; |
| general economic conditions, which can affect restaurant traffic, local labor costs and prices we pay for the food products and other supplies we use; |
| changes in consumer preferences and discretionary spending; |
| competition, either from our competitors in the restaurant industry or our own restaurants; |
| temporary and permanent site characteristics of new restaurants; and |
| changes in government regulation. |
If our new restaurants do not perform as planned, our business and future prospects could be harmed. In addition, if we are unable to achieve our expected average restaurant sales, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our sales and profit growth could be adversely affected if comparable restaurant sales are less than we expect.
The level of comparable restaurant sales change, which represents the change in year-over-year sales for restaurants open for at least 18 full months, could affect our sales growth. Our ability to increase comparable restaurant sales depends in part on our ability to successfully implement our initiatives to build sales. such as our initiatives to increase online and to-go sales, review our beverage program to increase beverage sales and to review operational efficiencies to increase the customer flow in our restaurants. It is possible such initiatives will not be successful, that we will not achieve our target comparable restaurant sales change or that the change in comparable restaurant sales could be negative, which may cause a decrease in our profitability and would materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsComparable Restaurant Sales Change.
Our failure to manage our growth effectively could harm our business and operating results.
Our growth plan includes opening new restaurants. Our existing restaurant management systems, financial and management controls and information systems may be inadequate to support our planned expansion. Managing our growth effectively will require us to continue to enhance these systems, procedures and controls and to hire, train and retain managers and team members. We may not respond quickly enough to the changing demands that our expansion will impose on our management, restaurant teams and existing infrastructure which could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations.
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Our limited number of restaurants, the significant expense associated with opening new restaurants and the unit volumes of our new restaurants makes us susceptible to significant fluctuations in our results of operations.
As of May 26, 2023, we operated 32 restaurants. We opened four new restaurants in both 2018 and 2019, three new restaurants in 2022, and one new restaurant in April 2023. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we opened no new restaurants in 2020 and 2021. The capital resources required to develop each new restaurant are significant. On average, our restaurants opened during 2018 and 2019 required a Net Build-Out Cost of approximately $1.8 million per restaurant, including pre-opening expenses but net of landlord tenant improvement allowances and reflecting that we do not purchase the underlying real estate. During 2022, we opened three restaurants with average Net Build-Out Costs of approximately $1.9 million. The last of the three restaurants opened in 2022 had Net Build-Out Costs of $2.6 million. We are targeting average Net Build-Out Costs of $3.0 million for new restaurants. However, actual costs may vary significantly depending upon a variety of factors, including the site and size of the restaurant and conditions in the local real estate and labor markets. Our estimates for improvements, fixtures and furnishings may also be incorrect, which may cause us to incur certain impairment charges. The combination of our relatively small number of existing restaurants, the significant investment associated with each new restaurant, variance in the operating results in any one restaurant, or a delay or cancellation in the planned opening of a restaurant could materially affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our restaurant base is geographically concentrated, and we could be negatively affected by conditions specific to our markets.
As of May 26, 2023, approximately 66% of our restaurants are located in California, with 47% of our restaurants located in Southern California specifically. Adverse changes in demographic, unemployment, economic, regulatory or weather conditions in California have had, and may continue to have, material adverse effects on our business, financial condition or results of operations. As a result of our concentration in these markets, we have been, and in the future may be, disproportionately affected by adverse conditions in these markets compared to other chain restaurants with a national footprint.
Acts of violence at or threatened against our restaurants or the centers in which they are located, including civil unrest, customer intimidation, active shooter situations and terrorism, could unfavorably impact our restaurant sales, which could materially adversely affect our financial performance.
Any act of violence at or threatened against our restaurants or the centers in which they are located, including civil unrest, customer intimidation, active shooter situations and terrorist activities, may result in damage and restricted access to our restaurants and/or restaurant closures in the short-term and, in the long-term, may cause our customers and staff to avoid our restaurants. Any such situation could adversely impact customer traffic and make it more difficult to fully staff our restaurants, which could materially adversely affect our financial performance.
A decline in visitors to any of the retail centers, shopping malls, lifestyle centers, or entertainment centers where our restaurants are located could negatively affect our restaurant sales.
Our restaurants are primarily located in high-activity commercial centers. We depend on high visitor rates at these centers to attract guests to our restaurants. Factors that may result in declining visitor rates include public health conditions such as a COVID-19 outbreak, economic or political conditions, anchor tenants closing in retail centers in which we operate, changes in consumer preferences or shopping patterns, changes in discretionary consumer spending, increasing petroleum prices, or other factors, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
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Our plans to open new restaurants, and the ongoing need for capital expenditures at our existing restaurants, require us to spend capital.
Our growth strategy depends on opening new restaurants, which will require us to use cash flows from operations. We cannot assure you that cash flows from operations will be sufficient to allow us to implement our growth strategy. If these funds are not allocated efficiently among our various projects, or if any of these initiatives prove to be unsuccessful, we may experience reduced profitability and we could be required to delay, significantly curtail or eliminate planned restaurant openings, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, our business will continue to require capital expenditures for the maintenance, renovation, and improvement of existing restaurants to remain competitive and maintain the value of our brand. This creates an ongoing need for cash, and, to the extent we cannot fund capital expenditures from cash flows from operations, funds will need to be borrowed or otherwise obtained. If the costs of funding new restaurants or renovations or enhancements to existing restaurants exceed budgeted amounts, and/or the time for building or renovation is longer than anticipated, our profits and liquidity could be reduced. If we cannot access the capital we need, we may not be able to execute our growth strategy, take advantage of future opportunities or respond to competitive pressures.
Risks Related to Our Relationships with Key Suppliers
We rely significantly on certain vendors and suppliers, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our ability to maintain consistent price and quality throughout our restaurants depends in part upon our ability to acquire specified food products and supplies in sufficient quantities from third-party vendors and suppliers at a reasonable cost. In addition, we are dependent upon a few suppliers for certain specialized equipment utilized in our restaurants, such as the embedded grills in our tables. For this specialized equipment, we rely on Fast Fabrications, LLC, or Fast Fabrications, as one of our primary suppliers. U.S. Foods, an unrelated third party, provided us with food products equaling approximately 57.6% and 39.2% of our total food and beverage costs in 2022 and 2021, respectively. Pacific Global Distribution, Inc., or Pacific Global, a subsidiary of a related party, provided restaurant supplies such as tableware, napkins, soda, sauces and accounted for approximately 21.2% and 23.5% of total operating expenses, respectively. Wise Universal Inc., or Wise Universal, provided us with food products and supplies equaling approximately 32.5% and 33.8% of our total food and beverage costs in 2022 and 2021, respectively. Each of Fast Fabrications, Pacific Global and Wise Universal are controlled by parties affiliated with the Company. See Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions for additional information on our relationship with these suppliers. We do not currently control the businesses of our vendors and suppliers and our efforts to specify and monitor the standards under which they perform may not be successful. In addition, we do not currently have written contracts with any of our suppliers. Furthermore, certain food items are perishable, and we have limited control over whether these items will be delivered to us in appropriate condition for use in our restaurants. If any of our vendors or other suppliers are unable to fulfill their obligations to our standards, if our informal arrangements with our suppliers break down or if we are unable to find replacement providers in the event of a supply or service disruption, we could encounter supply shortages and incur higher costs to secure adequate supplies, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. See Business - Our Suppliers for more details regarding these relationships.
In addition, we use various third-party vendors to provide, support and maintain most of our management information systems. We also outsource certain accounting, payroll and human resource functions to business process service providers. The failure of such vendors to fulfill their obligations could disrupt our operations. Additionally, any changes we may make to the services we obtain from our vendors, or new vendors we employ, may disrupt our operations. These disruptions could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
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Changes in food and supply costs could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our profitability depends in part on our ability to anticipate and react to changes in food and supply costs. Shortages or interruptions in the availability of certain supplies caused by unanticipated demand, problems in production or distribution, food contamination, inclement weather or other conditions could adversely affect the availability, quality and cost of our ingredients, which could harm our operations. Any increase in the prices of the food products most critical to our menu, such as beef, pork, poultry, and seafood, could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results from operations. Although we try to manage the impact that these fluctuations have on our operating results, we remain susceptible to increases in food costs as a result of factors beyond our control, such as general economic conditions, seasonal fluctuations, weather conditions, demand, food safety concerns, generalized infectious diseases, product recalls and government regulations.
If any of our distributors or suppliers performs inadequately, or our distribution or supply relationships are disrupted for any reason, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows could be adversely affected. If we cannot replace or engage distributors or suppliers who meet our specifications in a short period of time, that could increase our expenses and cause shortages of food and other items at our restaurants, which could cause a restaurant to remove items from its menu. If that were to happen, affected restaurants could experience significant reductions in sales during the shortage or thereafter, if guests change their dining habits as a result. In addition, because we provide moderately priced food, we may choose not to, or may be unable to, pass along commodity price increases to consumers. These potential changes in food and supply costs could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Failure to receive frequent deliveries of fresh food ingredients and other supplies could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our ability to maintain our menu depends in part on our ability to acquire ingredients that meet our specifications from reliable suppliers. Shortages or interruptions in the supply of ingredients caused by unanticipated demand, problems in production or distribution, food contamination, inclement weather or other conditions could adversely affect the availability, quality and cost of our ingredients, which could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations. If any of our distributors or suppliers performs inadequately, or our distribution or supply relationships are disrupted for any reason, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected. If we cannot replace or engage distributors or suppliers who meet our specifications in a short period of time, that could increase our expenses and cause shortages of food and other items at our restaurants, which could cause a restaurant to remove items from its menu. If that were to happen, affected restaurants could experience significant reductions in sales during the shortage or thereafter, if guests change their dining habits as a result. This reduction in sales could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
In addition, our approach to competing in the restaurant industry depends in large part on our continued ability to provide authentic and traditional Korean cuisine that is free from artificial ingredients. As we increase our use of these ingredients, the ability of our suppliers to expand output or otherwise increase their supplies to meet our needs may be constrained. We could face difficulties to obtain a sufficient and consistent supply of these ingredients on a cost-effective basis.
Other Commercial, Operational, Financial and Regulatory Risks
We face intense competition, and if we are unable to continue to compete effectively in the restaurant industry in general and, in particular, within the dining segments of the restaurant industry in which we compete, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected.
The restaurant and retail industries are intensely competitive, and we face many well-established competitors. We compete within each market with national and regional restaurant and retail chains and locally
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owned restaurants and retailers. We face significant competition from a variety of casual dining restaurants offering both Asian and non-Asian cuisine, as well as takeout offerings from grocery stores and other outlets where Asian food is sold. These segments are highly competitive with respect to, among other things, product quality, dining experience, ambience, location, convenience, value perception, and price. Our competition continues to intensify as competitors increase the breadth and depth of their product offerings and open new locations. These competitors may have, among other things, chefs who are widely known to the public that may generate more notoriety for those competitors as compared to our brand. We also compete with many restaurant and retail establishments for site locations and restaurant-level employees.
Several of our competitors offering Asian and related choices may look to compete with us on price, quality and service. Any of these competitive factors may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. In 2019, our comparable sales decreased due to the short-term initial impact of new Asian concept restaurant openings near certain of our locations. Although the impact was short-term, our future results could be impacted again by the opening of other Asian concept restaurants close to our locations, particularly if such Asian concept restaurants are all you can eat. The presence of additional all you can eat Asian restaurants near our locations could have a negative impact on our results of operations.
We face competition as a result of the convergence of grocery, deli, retail and restaurant services, particularly in the supermarket industry. We also face competition from various off-premise meal replacement offerings including, but not limited to, home meal kits delivery, third party meal delivery and catering and the rapid growth of these channels by our competitors. Moreover, our competitors can harm our business even if they are not successful in their own operations by taking away customers or employees through aggressive and costly advertising, promotions or hiring practices. We anticipate that intense competition will continue with respect to all of the factors described above.
We also compete with other restaurant chains and other retail businesses for quality site locations, management and hourly employees, and other aspects of our operations that could affect both the availability and cost of these important resources. If we are unable to continue to compete effectively, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected.
Changes in economic conditions could materially affect our ability to maintain or increase sales at our restaurants or open new restaurants.
The restaurant industry depends on consumer discretionary spending. The United States in general or the specific markets in which we operate may suffer from depressed economic activity, recessionary economic cycles, higher fuel or energy costs, low consumer confidence, high levels of unemployment, reduced home values, increases in home foreclosures, investment losses, personal bankruptcies, reduced access to credit or other economic factors that may affect consumer discretionary spending. Sales in our restaurants could decline if consumers choose to dine out less frequently or reduce the amount they spend on meals while dining out. Negative economic conditions might cause consumers to make long-term changes to their discretionary spending behavior, including dining out less frequently on a permanent basis. If restaurant sales decrease, our profitability could decline as we spread fixed costs across a lower level of sales. Reductions in staff levels, asset impairment charges and potential restaurant closures could result from prolonged negative restaurant sales, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Food safety and foodborne illness concerns as well as outbreaks of flu, viruses or other diseases could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
We cannot guarantee that our internal controls and training will be fully effective in preventing all food safety issues at our restaurants, including any occurrences of foodborne illnesses such as salmonella, E. coli and hepatitis A. In addition, there is no guarantee that our restaurant locations will maintain the high levels of internal controls and training we require at our restaurants. Furthermore, we rely on third-party vendors, making it difficult to monitor food safety compliance and increasing the risk that foodborne illness would affect multiple
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locations rather than a single restaurant. Some foodborne illness incidents could be caused by third-party vendors and transporters outside of our control. New illnesses resistant to our current precautions may develop in the future, or diseases with long incubation periods could arise, that could give rise to claims or allegations on a retroactive basis. One or more instances of foodborne illness in any of our restaurants or markets or related to food products we sell could negatively affect our restaurant sales nationwide if highly publicized on national media outlets or through social media. This risk exists even if it were later determined that the illness was wrongly attributed to us or one of our restaurants. A number of other restaurant chains have experienced incidents related to foodborne illnesses that have had a material adverse effect on their operations. The occurrence of a similar incident at one or more of our restaurants, or negative publicity or public speculation about an incident, could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Additionally, consumer preferences could be affected by health concerns about the consumption of meat, specifically beef, a key ingredient used in our restaurants. For example, if a pathogen, such as mad cow disease, or other bacteria or parasite infects the food supply (or is believed to have infected the food supply), regardless of whether our supply chain is affected, guests may actively avoid consuming certain ingredients. Negative publicity surrounding such an infection in the food supply, whether related to one of our restaurants or to a competitor in our industry, may have an adverse impact on demand for our food.
If a virus is transmitted by human contact or respiratory transmission, our employees or guests could become infected, or could choose, or be advised, to avoid gathering in public places, any of which could adversely affect our restaurant guest traffic and our ability to adequately staff our restaurants, receive deliveries on a timely basis or perform functions at the corporate level. Additionally, jurisdictions in which we have restaurants may impose mandatory closures, seek voluntary closures or impose restrictions on operations. Even if such measures are not implemented and a virus or other disease does not spread significantly, the perceived risk of infection or significant health risk may cause guests to choose other alternatives to dining out in our restaurants which may adversely affect our business.
New information or attitudes regarding diet and health could result in changes in regulations and consumer consumption habits that could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Changes in attitudes regarding diet and health or new information regarding the adverse health effects of consuming certain foods could result in changes in government regulation and consumer eating habits that may impact our business, financial condition or results of operations. These changes have resulted in, and may continue to result in, laws and regulations requiring us to disclose the nutritional content of our food offerings and laws and regulations affecting permissible ingredients and menu offerings. For example, a number of jurisdictions have enacted menu labeling laws requiring multi-unit restaurant operators to disclose to consumers certain nutritional information, or have enacted legislation restricting the use of certain types of ingredients in restaurants. These requirements may be different or inconsistent with requirements we are subject to under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, or collectively, the ACA, which establishes a uniform, federal requirement for certain restaurants to post nutritional information on their menus. Specifically, the ACA requires chain restaurants with 20 or more locations operating under the same name and offering substantially the same menus to publish the total number of calories of standard menu items on menus and menu boards, along with a statement that puts this calorie information in the context of a total daily calorie intake. The ACA also requires covered restaurants to provide to consumers, upon request, a written summary of detailed nutritional information for each standard menu item, and to provide a statement on menus and menu boards about the availability of this information upon request. Unfavorable publicity about, or guests reactions to, our menu ingredients, the size of our portions or the nutritional content of our menu items could negatively influence the demand for our offerings, thereby adversely affecting our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Compliance with current and future laws and regulations regarding the ingredients and nutritional content of our menu items may be costly and time-consuming. Additionally, if consumer health regulations or consumer
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eating habits change significantly, we may be required to modify or discontinue certain menu items, and may experience higher costs associated with the implementation of those changes. These changes could also adversely affect the attractiveness of our restaurants to new or returning guests. We cannot predict the impact of any new nutrition labeling requirements. The risks and costs associated with nutritional disclosures on our menus could impact our operations, particularly given differences among applicable legal requirements and practices within the restaurant industry with respect to testing and disclosure, ordinary variations in food preparation among our own restaurants, and the need to rely on the accuracy and completeness of nutritional information obtained from third-party suppliers.
We may not be able to effectively respond to changes in consumer health perceptions, successfully implement the nutrient content disclosure requirements or adapt our menu offerings to trends in eating habits. The imposition of menu labeling laws and an inability to keep up with consumer eating habits could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations, as well as our position within the restaurant industry in general.
We rely significantly on the operation of our equipment, and any mechanical failure could prevent us from effectively operating our restaurants.
The operation of our restaurants relies on technology and equipment such as the grills and ventilation systems located at each table. Our ability to safely, efficiently and effectively manage our restaurants depends significantly on the reliability and capacity of these systems. Mechanical failures and our inability to service such equipment in a timely manner could result in delays in customer service and reduce efficiency of our restaurant operations, including a loss of sales. Remediation of such problems could result in significant, unplanned capital investments and any equipment failure may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations due to our reliance on such equipment.
Additionally, customers use our equipment to cook and prepare portions of their meals. Customers may not correctly cook the food they are preparing and/or may improperly use our cooking equipment which could lead to illness, injury or damage to customers personal property. Any such result could expose us to litigation and negative publicity. Consumer demand for our restaurant could be impacted by an incident of bodily injury or damage to property. If consumer confidence in our restaurants or brand is diminished due to any such incident, we may experience lower sales and adverse effects to our business, financial condition or results of operations.
The loss of any registered trademark or other intellectual property or our failure to maximize or successfully assert our intellectual property rights could enable other companies to compete more effectively with us.
We utilize intellectual property in our business. Our trademarks and service marks are valuable assets that reinforce our brand and consumers favorable perception of our restaurants. We have invested a significant amount of money in establishing and promoting our trademarked brands. Our continued success depends, to a significant degree, upon our ability to maximize, protect and preserve our intellectual property.
We rely on confidentiality agreements and trademark law to protect our intellectual property rights. Our confidentiality agreements with our team members and certain of our consultants, contract employees, suppliers and independent contractors, generally require that all information made known to them be kept strictly confidential. As a result, we may not be able to prevent others from independently developing and using similar branding.
We also have trademark registrations both in the U.S. and internationally. We cannot assure you that the steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property rights are adequate, that our intellectual property rights can be successfully defended and asserted in the future or that third parties will not infringe upon or misappropriate any such rights. In addition, our trademark rights and related registrations may be challenged in the future and could be canceled or narrowed. Failure to protect our trademark rights could prevent us in the future from challenging third parties who use names and logos similar to our trademarks, which may in turn
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cause consumer confusion or negatively affect consumers perception of our brand and products. Moreover, intellectual property disputes and proceedings and infringement claims may result in a significant distraction for management and significant expense, which may not be recoverable regardless of whether we are successful. Such proceedings may be protracted with no certainty of success, and an adverse outcome could subject us to liabilities, force us to cease use of certain trademarks or other intellectual property or force us to enter into licenses with others. Any one of these occurrences may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our marketing programs may not be successful, and our advertising campaigns and restaurant designs and remodels may not generate increased sales or profits.
We incur costs and expend other resources in our marketing efforts, advertising campaigns and restaurant designs and remodels to raise brand awareness and attract and retain guests. These initiatives may not be successful, resulting in expenses incurred without the benefit of higher sales. Additionally, some of our competitors have greater financial resources, which enable them to spend significantly more on marketing and advertising and other initiatives than we are able to. Should our competitors increase spending on marketing and advertising and other initiatives or our marketing funds decrease for any reason, or should our advertising, promotions, new menu items and restaurant designs and remodels be less effective than those of our competitors, there could be a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our inability or failure to recognize, respond to and effectively manage the accelerated impact of social media could materially adversely impact our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our marketing efforts rely heavily on the use of social media. In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the use of social media platforms, including weblogs (blogs), mini-blogs, chat platforms, social media websites, and other forms of Internet-based communications which allow individuals access to a broad audience of consumers and other interested persons. Many of our competitors are expanding their use of social media, and new social media platforms are rapidly being developed, potentially making more traditional social media platforms obsolete. As a result, we need to continuously innovate and develop our social media strategies in order to maintain broad appeal with guests and brand relevance. We also continue to invest in other digital marketing initiatives that allow us to reach our guests across multiple digital channels and build their awareness of, engagement with, and loyalty to our brand. These initiatives may not be successful, resulting in expenses incurred without the benefit of higher sales or increased brand recognition.
Negative publicity relating to one of our restaurants could reduce sales at some or all of our other restaurants.
Our success is dependent in part upon our ability to maintain and enhance the value of our brand and consumers connection to our brand. We may, from time to time, be faced with negative publicity relating to food quality, restaurant facilities, guest complaints or litigation alleging illness or injury, health inspection scores, integrity of our or our suppliers food processing, employee relationships or other matters, regardless of whether the allegations are valid or whether we are held to be responsible. The negative impact of adverse publicity relating to one restaurant may extend far beyond the restaurant involved to affect some or all of our other restaurants, thereby causing an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. A similar risk exists with respect to unrelated food service businesses, if consumers associate those businesses with our own operations.
The considerable expansion in the use of social media over recent years can further amplify any negative publicity that could be generated by such incidents. Many social media platforms immediately publish the content their subscribers and participants post, often without filters or checks on accuracy of the content posted. Information posted on such platforms may be adverse to our interests and/or may be inaccurate. The dissemination of inaccurate or irresponsible information online could harm our business, reputation, prospects, financial condition, or results of operations, regardless of the informations accuracy. The damage may be immediate without affording us an opportunity for redress or correction.
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Additionally, employee claims against us based on, among other things, wage and hour violations, discrimination, harassment or wrongful termination may also create negative publicity that could adversely affect us and divert our financial and management resources that would otherwise be used to benefit the future performance of our operations. A significant increase in the number of these claims or an increase in the number of successful claims could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Consumer demand for our restaurants and our brands value could diminish significantly if any such incidents or other matters create negative publicity or otherwise erode consumer confidence in us or our restaurants, which would likely result in lower sales and could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
We are subject to all of the risks associated with leasing space subject to long-term non-cancelable leases.
We do not own any real property, and lease all of our restaurant locations. Payments under our operating leases account for a significant portion of our expenses and we expect the new restaurants we open in the future will similarly be leased. The majority of our leases have lease terms of five to ten years, exclusive of customary extensions which are at our option. Most of our leases require a fixed annual rent which generally increases each year, and some require the payment of additional rent if restaurant sales exceed a negotiated amount. Generally, our leases are net leases, which require us to pay all of the cost of insurance, taxes, maintenance and utilities. We generally cannot cancel these leases. Additional sites that we lease are likely to be subject to similar long-term non-cancelable leases. If an existing or future restaurant is not profitable, and we decide to close it, we may nonetheless be committed to perform our obligations under the applicable lease including, among other things, paying the base rent for the balance of the lease term. In addition, as each of our leases expires, we may fail to negotiate renewals, either on commercially acceptable terms or at all, which could cause us to pay increased occupancy costs or to close restaurants in desirable locations. If we fail to negotiate renewals, we may have to dispose of assets at such restaurant locations and incur closure costs as well as impairment of property and equipment. Furthermore, if we fail to negotiate renewals, we may incur additional costs associated with moving transferable furniture, fixtures and equipment. These potential increased occupancy and moving costs, as well as closures of restaurants, could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Macroeconomic conditions, including economic downturns, may cause landlords of our leases to be unable to obtain financing or remain in good standing under their existing financing arrangements, resulting in failures to pay required tenant improvement allowances or satisfy other lease covenants to us. In addition, tenants at shopping centers in which we are located or have executed leases, or to which our locations are near, may fail to open or may cease operations. Decreases in total tenant occupancy in shopping centers in which we are located, or to which our locations are near, may affect traffic at our restaurants. All of these factors could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
We may need capital in the future, and we may not be able to raise that capital on favorable terms.
Developing our business will require significant capital in the future. To meet our capital needs, we expect to rely on our cash flows from operations, future offerings and other third-party financing. Third-party financing in the future may not, however, be available on terms favorable to us, or at all. Our ability to obtain additional funding will be subject to various factors, including market conditions, our operating performance, lender sentiment and our ability to incur additional debt in compliance with other contractual restrictions under term loans or other debt documents we may enter into. These factors may make the timing, amount, or terms and conditions of additional financings unattractive. Additionally, any debt financing that we secure in the future could involve restrictive covenants relating to our capital raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities. Our inability to raise capital could impede our growth and could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
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Our Paycheck Protection Program loan and our applications for such loans could in the future be determined to have been impermissible or could result in damage to our reputation.
Between April and June 2020, we received proceeds of $9.5 million from loans, or the 2020 PPP Loans, under the Paycheck Protection Program of the CARES Act, of which $9.2 million was forgiven between May and August 2021, which we used to retain current employees, maintain payroll and make lease and utility payments. During 2021, we entered into several additional PPP loan agreements, providing for an additional aggregate loan amount of $13.5 million, or the 2021 PPP Loans, and together with the 2020 PPP Loans, the PPP Loans. All of the 2021 PPP Loans were forgiven during 2021 and in the first quarter of 2022. In addition, the Company has received approximately $16.8 million from the Restaurant Revitalization Fund, or the RRF Grant, under The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021.
In order to apply for the PPP Loans, we were required to certify, among other things, that the current economic uncertainty made the PPP Loans request necessary to support our ongoing operations. We made this certification in good faith after analyzing, among other things, our financial situation and access to alternative forms of capital and believe that we satisfied all eligibility criteria for the PPP Loans, and that our receipt of the PPP Loans is consistent with the broad objectives of the Paycheck Protection Program of the CARES Act. The certification described above does not contain any objective criteria and is subject to interpretation. On April 23, 2020, the SBA issued guidance stating that it is unlikely that a public company with substantial market value and access to capital markets will be able to make the required certification in good faith. The lack of clarity regarding loan eligibility under the Paycheck Protection Program has resulted in significant media coverage and controversy with respect to public companies applying for and receiving loans. If, despite our good-faith belief that given our Companys circumstances we satisfied all eligible requirements for the PPP Loans, we are later determined to have violated any of the laws or governmental regulations that apply to us in connection with the PPP Loans, such as the False Claims Act, or it is otherwise determined that we were ineligible to receive the PPP Loans, we may be subject to penalties, including significant civil, criminal and administrative penalties and could be required to repay the PPP Loans in their entirety. Additionally, the funds provided by the RRF Grant must be used for specific purposes, and we are required to provide use of funds validations on an annual basis through March 2023 regarding our use of the funds. If the SBA determines we used our RRF Grant funds on ineligible expenses, or if we fail to provide such use of funds validations, we may be required to return certain funds. In addition, receipt of a PPP Loan and/or the RRF Grant may result in adverse publicity and damage to reputation, and a review or audit by the SBA or other government entity or claims under the False Claims Act could consume significant financial and management resources. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
If we face labor shortages, increased labor costs or unionization activities, our growth, business, financial condition and operating results could be adversely affected.
Labor is a primary component in the cost of operating our restaurants. If we face labor shortages or increased labor costs because of increased competition for employees, higher employee turnover rates, increases in federal, state or local minimum wage rates or other employee benefits costs (including costs associated with health insurance coverage), our operating expenses could increase and our growth could be adversely affected. In addition, our success depends in part upon our ability to attract, motivate and retain a sufficient number of well-qualified restaurant operators and management personnel, as well as a sufficient number of other qualified employees, to keep pace with our expansion schedule. Qualified individuals needed to fill these positions are in short supply in some geographic areas. In addition, restaurants have traditionally experienced relatively high employee turnover rates. Personal or public health concerns might make some existing employees or potential candidates reluctant to work in enclosed restaurant environments. Our failure to recruit and retain such individuals may delay the planned openings of new restaurants or result in higher employee turnover in existing restaurants, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
If we are unable to continue to recruit and retain sufficiently qualified individuals, our business and our growth could be adversely affected, thereby adversely affecting our business, financial condition or results of
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operations. Competition for these employees could require us to pay higher wages, which could result in higher labor costs. In addition, increases in the minimum wage would increase our labor costs. Additionally, costs associated with workers compensation are rising, and these costs may continue to rise in the future. We may be unable to increase our menu prices in order to pass these increased labor costs on to consumers, in which case our margins would be negatively affected, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Although none of our employees are currently covered under collective bargaining agreements, our employees may elect to be represented by labor unions in the future. If a significant number of our employees were to become unionized and collective bargaining agreement terms were significantly different from our current compensation arrangements, it could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our business could be adversely affected by a failure to obtain visas or work permits or to properly verify the employment eligibility of our employees.
Some of our employees ability to work in the United States depends on obtaining and maintaining necessary visas and work permits. On certain occasions we have been, and in the future we may be, unable to obtain visas or work permits to bring necessary employees to the United States for any number of reasons including, among others, limits set by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security or the U.S. Department of State.
Although we require all workers to provide us with government-specified documentation evidencing their employment eligibility, some of our employees may, without our knowledge, be unauthorized workers. We currently participate in the E-Verify program, an Internet-based, free program run by the U.S. government to verify employment eligibility, in states in which participation is required, and we plan to introduce its use across all our restaurants. However, use of the E-Verify program does not guarantee that we will properly identify all applicants who are ineligible for employment. Unauthorized workers are subject to deportation and may subject us to fines or penalties, and if any of our workers are found to be unauthorized, we could experience adverse publicity that may negatively impact our brand and may make it more difficult to hire and keep qualified employees. Termination of a significant number of employees who are unauthorized employees may disrupt our operations, cause temporary increases in our labor costs as we train new employees and result in adverse publicity. We could also become subject to fines, penalties and other costs related to claims that we did not fully comply with all recordkeeping obligations of federal and state immigration compliance laws. These factors could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Labor disputes may disrupt our operations and affect our profitability, thereby causing a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
As an employer, we are presently, and may in the future be, subject to various employment-related claims, such as individual or class actions or government enforcement actions relating to alleged employment discrimination, employee classification and related withholding, wage-hour, labor standards or healthcare and benefit issues. Any future actions if brought against us and successful in whole or in part, may affect our ability to compete or could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
The minimum wage, particularly in California, continues to increase and is subject to factors outside of our control.
We have a substantial number of hourly employees who are paid wage rates based on the applicable federal or state minimum wage. From January 1, 2022 to January 1, 2023, the State of California had a minimum wage of $15.00 per hour. This minimum wage increased as of January 1, 2023 to $15.50 per hour. Moreover, municipalities may set minimum wages above the applicable state standards. The federal minimum wage has
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been $7.25 per hour since July 24, 2009. Any federally-mandated, state-mandated or municipality-mandated minimum wages may be raised in the future which could have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. If menu prices are increased by us to cover increased labor costs, the higher prices could adversely affect sales and thereby reduce our margins and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Changes in employment laws may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow.
Various federal and state labor laws govern the relationship with our employees and affect operating costs. These laws include employee classification as exempt/non-exempt for overtime and other purposes, minimum wage requirements, tips and gratuity payments, unemployment tax rates, workers compensation rates, immigration status and other wage and benefit requirements. Significant additional government-imposed increases in the following areas could materially affect our business, financial condition, operating results or cash flow:
| minimum wages; |
| tips and gratuities; |
| mandatory health benefits; |
| vacation accruals; |
| paid leaves of absence, including paid sick leave; and |
| tax reporting. |
Failure to obtain and maintain required licenses and permits or to comply with alcoholic beverage or food control regulations could lead to the loss of our liquor and food service licenses and, thereby, harm our business, financial condition or results of operations.
The restaurant industry is subject to various federal, state and local government regulations, including those relating to the sale of food and alcoholic beverages. Such regulations are subject to change from time to time. The failure to obtain and maintain licenses, permits and approvals relating to such regulations could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Typically, licenses must be renewed annually and may be revoked, suspended or denied renewal for cause at any time if governmental authorities determine that our conduct violates applicable regulations. Difficulties or failure to maintain or obtain the required licenses and approvals could adversely affect our existing restaurants and delay or result in our decision to cancel the opening of new restaurants, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Alcoholic beverage control regulations generally require our restaurants to apply to a state authority and, in certain locations, county or municipal authorities for a license that must be renewed annually and may be revoked or suspended for cause at any time. Alcoholic beverage control regulations relate to numerous aspects of daily operations of our restaurants, including minimum age of patrons and employees, hours of operation, advertising, trade practices, wholesale purchasing, other relationships with alcohol manufacturers, wholesalers and distributors, inventory control and handling, storage and dispensing of alcoholic beverages. Any future failure to comply with these regulations and obtain or retain liquor licenses could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Governmental regulation may adversely affect our ability to open new restaurants or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
We are subject to various federal, state and local regulations. Our restaurants are subject to state and local licensing and regulation by health, alcoholic beverage, sanitation, food and occupational safety and other agencies. We may experience material difficulties or failures in obtaining the necessary licenses, approvals or
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permits for our restaurants, which could delay planned restaurant openings or affect the operations at our existing restaurants. In addition, stringent and varied requirements of local regulators with respect to zoning, land use and environmental factors could delay or prevent development of new restaurants in particular locations.
We are subject to the U.S. Americans with Disabilities Act and similar state laws that give civil rights protections to individuals with disabilities in the context of employment, public accommodations and other areas, including our restaurants. We may in the future have to modify restaurants, for example, by adding access ramps or redesigning certain architectural fixtures, to provide service to or make reasonable accommodations for disabled persons. The expenses associated with these modifications could be material.
Our operations are also subject to the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Act, which governs worker health and safety, the U.S. Fair Labor Standards Act, which governs such matters as minimum wages and overtime, and a variety of similar federal, state and local laws that govern these and other employment law matters. In addition, federal, state and local proposals related to paid sick leave or similar matters could, if implemented, materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Compliance with environmental laws may negatively affect our business.
We are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations concerning waste disposal, pollution, protection of the environment, and the presence, discharge, storage, handling, release and disposal of, and exposure to, hazardous or toxic substances. These environmental laws provide for significant fines and penalties for noncompliance and liabilities for remediation, sometimes without regard to whether the owner or operator of the property knew of, or was responsible for, the release or presence of hazardous toxic substances. Third parties may also make claims against owners or operators of properties for personal injuries and property damage associated with releases of, or actual or alleged exposure to, such hazardous or toxic substances at, on or from our restaurants. Environmental conditions relating to releases of hazardous substances at prior, existing or future restaurant sites could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Further, environmental laws, and the administration, interpretation and enforcement thereof, are subject to change and may become more stringent in the future, each of which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Failure to comply with antibribery or anticorruption laws could adversely affect our reputation, business, financial condition or results of operations.
The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other similar applicable laws prohibiting bribery of government officials and other corrupt practices are the subject of increasing emphasis and enforcement around the world. Although we have implemented policies and procedures designed to promote compliance with these laws, there can be no assurance that our employees, contractors, agents, or other third parties will not take actions in violation of our policies or applicable law. Any such violations or suspected violations could subject us to civil or criminal penalties, including substantial fines and significant investigation costs, and could also materially damage our reputation, brands, expansion efforts and growth prospects, business, financial condition and results of operations. Publicity relating to any noncompliance or alleged noncompliance could also harm our reputation and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
We could be party to litigation that could adversely affect us by distracting management, increasing our expenses or subjecting us to material monetary damages and other remedies.
Our guests may file complaints or lawsuits against us alleging we caused an illness or injury they suffered at or after a visit to our restaurants, or that we have problems with food quality or operations. We are also subject to a variety of other claims arising in the ordinary course of our business, including personal injury claims, contract claims and claims alleging violations of federal and state law regarding workplace and employment matters, equal opportunity, discrimination and similar matters, and we are presently subject to class action and other
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lawsuits with regard to certain of these matters and could become subject to additional class action or other lawsuits related to these or different matters in the future.
Additionally, we may be subject to claims regarding disputes with existing or future restaurant partners. We currently have a partner at our Hawaii restaurant location. Any disputes with this partner, or other partners should we enter into restaurant partnership relationships in the future, may cause issues for the business and operations of our Hawaii restaurant location or other applicable restaurant locations.
In recent years, restaurant companies, including us, have been subject to lawsuits alleging violations of federal and state laws regarding workplace and employment conditions, discrimination and similar matters, and some restaurants have been subject to class action lawsuits in respect of such matters. A number of these lawsuits have resulted in the payment of substantial damages by the defendants. Similar lawsuits have been brought alleging violations of various federal and state wage and hour laws regarding, among other things, employee meal deductions, overtime eligibility of managers and failure to pay for all hours worked. We have been named in lawsuits like this, and there can be no assurance that we will not be named in any such lawsuits in the future or that we would not be required to pay substantial expenses and/or damages.
Regardless of whether any claims against us are valid, or whether we are ultimately held liable, claims may be expensive to defend and may divert time and money away from our operations and hurt our performance. A judgment in excess of our insurance coverage for any claims could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Any adverse publicity resulting from these allegations may also materially and adversely affect our reputation or prospects, which in turn could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
We are subject to state and local dram shop statutes, which may subject us to uninsured liabilities. These statutes generally allow a person injured by an intoxicated person to recover damages from an establishment that wrongfully served alcoholic beverages to the intoxicated person. Because a plaintiff may seek punitive damages, which may not be fully covered by insurance, this type of action could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. A judgment in such an action significantly in excess of, or not covered by, our insurance coverage could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Further, adverse publicity resulting from any such allegations may adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our current insurance may not provide adequate levels of coverage against claims.
There are types of losses we may incur that cannot be insured against or that we believe are not economically reasonable to insure. Such losses could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, our current insurance policies may not be adequate to protect us from liabilities that we incur in our business in areas such as workers compensation, general liability, auto and property. In the future, our insurance premiums may increase, and we may not be able to obtain similar levels of insurance on reasonable terms, or at all. Any substantial inadequacy of, or inability to obtain, insurance coverage could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Failure to maintain adequate directors and officers insurance would likely adversely affect our ability to attract and retain qualified officers and directors.
Changes to accounting rules or regulations may adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Changes to existing accounting rules or regulations may impact our business, financial condition or results of operations. Other new accounting rules or regulations and varying interpretations of existing accounting rules or regulations have occurred and may occur in the future. For instance, accounting regulatory authorities have recently issued new accounting rules which require lessees to capitalize operating leases in their financial statements. Beginning January 1, 2022, this change required us to record significant operating lease obligations on our balance sheet and make other changes to our financial statements. This and other future changes to accounting rules or regulations could materially adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.
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Risks Relating to Tax Matters
GEN Inc. will depend on distributions from GEN LLC to pay any taxes and other expenses, including payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement.
GEN Inc. will be a holding company and, following this offering, its only business will be to act as the managing member of GEN LLC, and its only material assets will be Class A units representing approximately % of the membership interests of GEN LLC (or % if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock in full). GEN Inc. does not have any independent means of generating revenue. We anticipate that GEN LLC will continue to be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and, as such, generally will not be subject to any entity-level U.S. federal income tax. Instead, taxable income will be allocated to the members of GEN LLC. Accordingly, GEN Inc. will be required to pay income taxes on its allocable share of any net taxable income of GEN LLC. We intend to cause GEN LLC to make distributions to each of its members, including GEN Inc., in an amount intended to enable each member to pay applicable taxes on taxable income allocable to such member and to allow GEN Inc. to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, which are expected to be substantial. In addition, GEN LLC will reimburse GEN Inc. for corporate and other overhead expenses. If the amount of tax distributions to be made exceeds the amount of funds available for distribution, GEN Inc. shall receive a tax distribution calculated using the corporate rate before the other members receive any distribution and the balance, if any, of funds available for distribution shall be distributed to the other members accordance with the GEN LLC Agreement. To the extent that GEN Inc. needs funds, and GEN LLC is restricted from making such distributions under applicable laws or regulations, or is otherwise unable to provide such funds, it could materially and adversely affect GEN Inc.s ability to pay taxes and other expenses, including payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, and affect our liquidity and financial condition. In addition, although we do not currently expect to pay dividends, such restrictions could affect our ability to pay any dividends, if declared.
The Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, might challenge the tax basis step-ups and other tax benefits we receive in connection with this offering and the related transactions and in connection with future acquisitions of GEN LLC units.
GEN Inc. may in the future acquire GEN LLC units in exchange for shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, cash. Those acquisitions and exchanges are expected to result in increases in the tax basis of the assets of GEN LLC reflecting the difference between the price GEN Inc. pays to acquire GEN LLC units and the tax basis of the assets of GEN LLC at the time of the acquisition. These increases in tax basis are expected to increase (for tax purposes) GEN Inc.s depreciation and amortization and, together with other tax benefits, reduce the amount of tax that GEN Inc. would otherwise be required to pay, although it is possible that the IRS might challenge all or part of these tax basis increases or other tax benefits, and a court might sustain such a challenge. Additionally, GEN Inc.s ability to benefit from any tax basis increases or other tax benefits will depend upon a number of factors, as discussed below, including the timing and amount of our future income. We will not be reimbursed for any payments previously made under the Tax Receivable Agreement if the basis increases or other tax benefits described above are successfully challenged by the IRS or another taxing authority. As a result, in certain circumstances, payments could be made under the Tax Receivable Agreement in excess of our ultimate cash tax savings.
GEN Inc. will be required to pay over to members of GEN LLC most of the tax benefits GEN Inc. receives from tax basis step-ups (and certain other tax benefits) attributable to its acquisition of units of GEN LLC in the future, and the amount of those payments are expected to be substantial.
GEN Inc. will enter into the Tax Receivable Agreement with members of GEN LLC (not including GEN Inc.). The Tax Receivable Agreement will provide for payment by GEN Inc. to members of GEN LLC or their permitted assignees (not including GEN Inc.) of 85% of the amount of the net cash tax savings, if any, that GEN
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Inc. realizes (or, under certain circumstances, is deemed to realize) as a result of (i) increases in tax basis (and utilization of certain other tax benefits) resulting from GEN Inc.s acquisition of a members GEN LLC units in future exchanges and (ii) any payments GEN Inc. makes under the Tax Receivable Agreement (including tax benefits related to imputed interest). Generally, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be made to certain members of GEN LLC pursuant to the terms of the Tax Receivable Agreement. Such payments will reduce the cash provided by the tax savings previously described that would otherwise have been available to GEN Inc. for other uses, including reinvestment or dividends to GEN Inc. Class A stockholders. GEN Inc. will retain the benefit of the remaining 15% of these net cash tax savings.
The term of the Tax Receivable Agreement will commence upon the completion of this offering and will continue until all tax benefits that are subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement have been utilized or have expired, unless we exercise our right to terminate a Tax Receivable Agreement (or it is terminated due to a change in control or our breach of a material obligation thereunder), in which case, GEN Inc. will be required to make the termination payment specified in that Tax Receivable Agreement. The payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement are not conditioned upon a recipients continued ownership in GEN LLC or GEN Inc. In addition, payments we make under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be increased by any interest accrued from the due date (without extensions) of the corresponding tax return. Based on certain assumptions, including no material changes in the relevant tax law and that we earn sufficient taxable income to realize the full tax benefit of the increased amortization of our assets and the net operating losses (and similar items), we expect that future payments to the holders of rights under the Tax Receivable Agreement will equal $ million in the aggregate, based on an assumed price of our Class A common stock of $ per share (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), although the actual future payments to the members of GEN LLC will vary based on the factors discussed below, and estimating the amount and timing of payments that may be made under the Tax Receivable Agreement is by its nature imprecise, as the calculation of amounts payable depends on a variety of factors and future events. We expect to receive distributions from GEN LLC in order to make any required payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. However, we may need to incur debt to finance payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement to the extent such distributions or our cash resources are insufficient to meet our obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement as a result of timing discrepancies or otherwise.
The actual increase in tax basis, as well as the amount and timing of any payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, will vary depending on a number of factors, including the price of our Class A common stock at the time of the exchange; the timing of future exchanges; the extent to which exchanges are taxable; the amount and timing of the utilization of tax attributes; the amount, timing and character of GEN Inc.s income; the U.S. federal, state and local tax rates then applicable; the amount of each exchanging unitholders tax basis in its units at the time of the relevant exchange; the depreciation and amortization periods that apply to the increases in tax basis; the timing and amount of any earlier payments that GEN Inc. may have made under the Tax Receivable Agreement and the portion of GEN Inc.s payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement that constitute imputed interest or give rise to depreciable or amortizable tax basis. We expect that, as a result of the increases in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of GEN LLC attributable to the acquired or exchanged GEN LLC interests, and certain other tax benefits, the payments that GEN Inc. will be required to make to the holders of rights under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be substantial. There may be a material negative effect on our financial condition and liquidity if, as described below, the payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement exceed the actual benefits GEN Inc. receives in respect of the tax attributes subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement and/or distributions to GEN Inc. by GEN LLC are not sufficient to permit GEN Inc. to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement.
In certain circumstances, including at our option, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement may be accelerated and/or significantly exceed the actual tax benefits, if any, that GEN Inc. actually realizes.
The Tax Receivable Agreement will provide that if (i) GEN Inc. exercises its right to early termination of the Tax Receivable Agreement in whole (that is, with respect to all benefits due to all beneficiaries under the Tax Receivable Agreement) or in part (that is, with respect to some benefits due to all beneficiaries under the Tax
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Receivable Agreement), (ii) GEN Inc. experiences certain changes in control, (iii) the Tax Receivable Agreement is rejected in certain bankruptcy proceedings, (iv) GEN Inc. fails (subject to certain exceptions) to make a payment under the Tax Receivable Agreement or (v) GEN Inc. materially breaches its obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, in each of (iii), (iv) and (v), if such failure is not cured within 90 days, GEN Inc. will be obligated to make an early termination payment to holders of rights under the Tax Receivable Agreement equal to the present value of all payments that would be required to be paid by GEN Inc. under the Tax Receivable Agreement. The amount of such payments will be determined on the basis of certain assumptions in the Tax Receivable Agreement. If we were to elect to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement immediately after this offering, based on an initial public offering price of $ per share of our Class A Common Stock, we estimate that we would be required to pay approximately $ million in the aggregate under the Tax Receivable Agreement. We note, however, that the analysis set forth above assumes no material changes in the relevant tax law. Any early termination payment may be made significantly in advance of the actual realization, if any, of the future tax benefits to which the termination payment relates. The amount of the early termination payment is determined by discounting the present value of all payments that would be required to be paid by GEN Inc. under the Tax Receivable Agreement at a rate equal to the lesser of (a) 6.5% and (b) the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, as reported by the Wall Street Journal (SOFR) plus 400 basis points.
Moreover, as a result of an elective early termination, a change in control or GEN Inc.s material breach of its obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, GEN Inc. could be required to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement that exceed its actual cash savings under that Tax Receivable Agreement. Thus, GEN Inc.s obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement could have a substantial negative effect on its financial condition and liquidity and could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing certain mergers, asset sales, or other forms of business combinations or changes of control. We cannot assure you that we will be able to finance any early termination payment. It is also possible that the actual benefits ultimately realized by us may be significantly less than were projected in the computation of the early termination payment. We will not be reimbursed if the actual benefits ultimately realized by us are less than were projected in the computation of the early termination payment.
Payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be based on the tax reporting positions that we will determine and the IRS or another tax authority may challenge all or part of the tax basis increases, as well as other related tax positions we take, and a court could sustain such a challenge. GEN Inc. will not be reimbursed for any payments previously made under either of the Tax Receivable Agreement if the basis increases described above are successfully challenged by the IRS or another taxing authority. As a result, in certain circumstances, payments could be made under the Tax Receivable Agreement that are significantly in excess of the benefit that GEN Inc. actually realizes in respect of the increases in tax basis (and utilization of certain other tax benefits) and GEN Inc. may not be able to recoup those payments, which could adversely affect GEN Inc.s financial condition and liquidity.
In certain circumstances, GEN LLC will be required to make distributions to us and the other members of GEN LLC, and the distributions that GEN LLC will be required to make may be substantial.
GEN LLC is expected to continue to be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and, as such, is generally not directly subject to U.S. federal income tax. Instead, taxable income will be allocated to members, including GEN Inc. Pursuant to the GEN LLC Agreement, GEN LLC will make tax distributions to its members, including GEN Inc., which generally will be made pro rata based on the ownership of GEN LLC units, calculated using an assumed tax rate, to help each of the members to pay taxes on that members allocable share of GEN LLCs net taxable income. Under applicable tax rules, GEN LLC is required to allocate net taxable income disproportionately to its members in certain circumstances, and GEN LLC may be required to make tax distributions that, in the aggregate, exceed the aggregate amount of taxes payable by its members with respect to the allocation of GEN LLC income.
Funds used by GEN LLC to satisfy its tax distribution obligations will not be available for reinvestment in our business. Moreover, the tax distributions GEN LLC will be required to make may be substantial, and may
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significantly exceed (as a percentage of GEN LLCs income) the overall effective tax rate applicable to a similarly situated corporate taxpayer. In addition, because these payments will be calculated with reference to an assumed tax rate, and because of the disproportionate allocation of net taxable income, these payments may significantly exceed the actual tax liability for many of the existing members of GEN LLC. Any tax distributions made to the members of GEN LLC are treated as an advance against, and will reduce, future distributions.
As a result of potential differences in the amount of net taxable income allocable to us and to the members of GEN LLC, as well as the use of an assumed tax rate in calculating GEN LLCs distribution obligations, we may receive distributions significantly in excess of our tax liabilities and obligations to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. We may choose to manage these excess distributions through a number of different approaches, including through the payment of dividends to our Class A common stockholders or by applying them to other corporate purposes.
Future changes to tax laws or our effective tax rate could materially and adversely affect our company and reduce net returns to our stockholders.
Our tax treatment is subject to the enactment of, or changes in, tax laws, regulations and treaties, or the interpretation thereof, tax policy initiatives and reforms under consideration and the practices of tax authorities in various jurisdictions. Such changes may include (but are not limited to) the taxation of operating income, investment income, dividends received or (in the specific context of withholding tax) dividends paid, or the taxation of partnerships and other passthrough entities. We are unable to predict what tax reform may be proposed or enacted in the future or what effect such changes would have on our business, but such changes, to the extent they are brought into tax legislation, regulations, policies or practices, could affect our financial position and overall or effective tax rates in the future in countries where we have operations, reduce post-tax returns to our stockholders, and increase the complexity, burden and cost of tax compliance.
Our businesses are subject to income taxation in the United States. Tax rates at the federal, state and local levels may be subject to significant change. If our effective tax rate increases, our operating results and cash flow could be adversely affected. Our effective income tax rate can vary significantly between periods due to a number of complex factors including, but not limited to, projected levels of taxable income in each jurisdiction, tax audits conducted and settled by various tax authorities, and adjustments to income taxes upon finalization of income tax returns.
We may be required to pay additional taxes because of the U.S. federal partnership audit rules and potentially also state and local tax rules.
Under the U.S. federal partnership audit rules, subject to certain exceptions, audit adjustments to items of income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit of an entity (and any holders share thereof) are determined, and taxes, interest, and penalties attributable thereto, are assessed and collected, at the entity level. GEN LLC (or any of its applicable subsidiaries or other entities in which GEN LLC directly or indirectly invests that are treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes) may be required to pay additional taxes, interest and penalties as a result of an audit adjustment, and GEN Inc., as a member of GEN LLC (or such other entities), could be required to indirectly bear the economic burden of those taxes, interest, and penalties even though we may not otherwise have been required to pay additional corporate-level taxes as a result of the related audit adjustment. Audit adjustments for state or local tax purposes could similarly result in GEN LLC (or any of its applicable subsidiaries or other entities in which GEN LLC directly or indirectly invests) being required to pay or indirectly bear the economic burden of state or local taxes and associated interest, and penalties.
Under certain circumstances, GEN LLC or an entity in which GEN LLC directly or indirectly invests and that is treated as a partnership for tax purposes may be eligible to make an election to cause members of GEN LLC (or such other entity) to take into account the amount of any understatement, including any interest and penalties, in accordance with such members share in GEN LLC in the year under audit. We will decide whether
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or not to cause GEN LLC to make this election; however, there are circumstances in which the election may not be available and, in the case of an entity in which GEN LLC directly or indirectly invests, such decision may be outside of our control. If GEN LLC or an entity in which GEN LLC directly or indirectly invests does not make this election, the then-current members of GEN LLC (including GEN Inc.) could economically bear the burden of the understatement.
If GEN LLC were to become a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, GEN Inc. and GEN LLC might be subject to potentially significant tax inefficiencies, and GEN Inc. would not be able to recover payments previously made by it under the Tax Receivable Agreement, even if the corresponding tax benefits were subsequently determined to have been unavailable due to such status.
We intend to operate such that GEN LLC does not become a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A publicly traded partnership is an entity that otherwise would be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the interests of which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof. Under certain circumstances, exchanges of GEN LLC units pursuant to the GEN LLC Agreement or other transfers of GEN LLC units could cause GEN LLC to be treated like a publicly traded partnership. From time to time the U.S. Congress has considered legislation to change the tax treatment of partnerships and there can be no assurance that any such legislation will not be enacted or if enacted will not be adverse to us.
If GEN LLC were to become a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, significant tax inefficiencies might result for GEN Inc. and GEN LLC, including as a result of GEN Inc.s inability to file a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return with GEN LLC. In addition, GEN Inc. may not be able to realize tax benefits covered under the Tax Receivable Agreement and would not be able to recover any payments previously made by it under the Tax Receivable Agreement, even if the corresponding tax benefits (including any claimed increase in the tax basis of GEN LLCs assets) were subsequently determined to have been unavailable.
Risks Relating to this Offering and Ownership of Our Common Stock
No public market for our Class A common stock currently exists, and an active trading market may not develop or be sustained following this offering.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our Class A common stock. Although we have applied to list our Class A common stock on the Exchange under the symbol GENK, an active trading market may not develop following the closing of this offering or, if developed, may not be sustained. The lack of an active market may impair your ability to sell your shares at the time you wish to sell them or at a price that you consider reasonable. The lack of an active market may also reduce the fair market value of your shares. An inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital to continue to fund operations by selling shares and may impair our ability to acquire other companies or technologies by using our shares as consideration. The initial public offering price was determined by negotiations among us and the underwriters and may not be indicative of the future prices of our Class A common stock.
The market price of our Class A common stock may be volatile or may decline regardless of our operating performance, and you may not be able to resell your shares at or above the initial public offering price.
The market price of our common stock is likely to be volatile. If you purchase shares of our Class A common stock in our initial public offering, you may not be able to resell those shares at or above the initial public offering price. Following the completion of our initial public offering, the market price of our Class A common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to numerous factors, some of which are beyond our control and may not be related to our operating performance, including:
| announcements of new restaurants, commercial relationships, acquisitions or other events by us or our competitors; |
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| price and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market from time to time; |
| significant volatility in the market price and trading volume of restaurant companies in general; |
| addition or loss of significant customers or other developments with respect to significant customers; |
| fluctuations in the trading volume of our shares or the size of our public float; |
| actual or anticipated changes or fluctuations in our operating results; |
| whether our operating results meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors; |
| actual or anticipated changes in the expectations of investors or securities analysts; |
| litigation involving us, our industry, or both; |
| regulatory developments in the United States, foreign countries, or both applicable to our products; |
| general economic conditions and trends; |
| major catastrophic events; |
| lockup releases or sales of large blocks of our Class A common stock; |
| departures of key employees; or |
| an adverse impact on the company from any of the other risks cited in this prospectus. |
In addition, if the stock market for restaurant companies, or the stock market generally, experiences a loss of investor confidence, the trading price of our Class A common stock could decline for reasons unrelated to our business, operating results or financial condition. Stock prices of many restaurant companies have fluctuated in a manner unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies. The trading price of our Class A common stock might also decline in reaction to events that affect other companies in our industry even if these events do not directly affect us. In the past, stockholders have filed securities class action litigation following periods of market volatility. If we were to become involved in securities litigation, it could subject us to substantial costs, divert resources and the attention of management from our business, and adversely affect our business.
The disparity in the voting rights among the classes of our common stock and inability of the holders of our Class A common stock to influence decisions submitted to a vote of our stockholders may have an adverse effect on the price of our Class A common stock.
Holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will vote together as a single class on almost all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders. Shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock entitle the respective holders to identical non-economic rights, except that each share of our Class A common stock will entitle its holder to one vote on all matters to be voted on by stockholders generally, while each share of our Class B common stock will entitle its holder to ten votes on all matters to be voted on by stockholders. See Organizational StructureVoting Rights of the Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. The difference in voting rights could adversely affect the value of our Class A common stock to the extent that investors view, or any potential future purchaser of our company views, the superior voting rights and implicit control of the Class B common stock to have value.
Sales of substantial blocks of our Class A common stock into the public market after this offering, including when lock-up or market standoff periods end, or the perception that such sales might occur, could cause the market price of our Class A common stock to decline.
Sales of substantial blocks of our Class A common stock into the public market after this offering, including when lock-up or market standoff periods end, or the perception that such sales might occur, could cause the market price of our Class A common stock to decline and may make it more difficult for you to sell your Class A
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common stock at a time and price that you deem appropriate. Based on the total number of outstanding shares of our Class A common stock as of , 2023, upon completion of this offering, we will have shares of Class A common stock outstanding (assuming no exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares and after giving effect to the automatic conversion of all of our preferred stock upon the closing of this offering into shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis). All of the shares of Class A common stock sold in this offering will be freely tradable without restrictions or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, except for any shares held by our affiliates as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act.
Subject to exceptions described under the caption Underwriting, we, all of our directors and officers and substantially all of the other holders of our capital stock and securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, our capital stock have agreed not to offer, sell or agree to sell, directly or indirectly, any shares of Class A common stock without the permission of the underwriters for a period of 180 days from the date of this prospectus. When the applicable lock-up period expires, we, our directors and officers and locked-up equityholders will be able to sell shares into the public market. The underwriters may, in their sole discretion, permit our directors and officers and locked-up equityholders to sell shares prior to the expiration of the restrictive provisions contained in the lock-up agreements with the underwriters.
Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, and subject to the lock-up agreements described above, holders of our Class B common stock will have rights to require us to file registration statements covering the sale of shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exchange of the corresponding Class B units or to include such shares in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or other stockholders. See Organizational StructureRegistration Rights Agreement. We also intend to register the offer and sale of all shares of common stock that we may issue under our equity compensation plans.
We intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register the shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under the 2023 Plan. The 2023 Plan will provide for automatic increases in the shares reserved for grant or issuance under the plan which could result in additional dilution to our stockholders. Once we register the shares under these plans, they can be freely sold in the public market upon issuance and vesting, subject to a 180-day lock-up period and other restrictions provided under the terms of the applicable plan and/or the award agreements entered into with participants.
We are a controlled company within the meaning of the Exchanges listing standards and, as a result, will qualify for, and intend to rely on, exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements. You will not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to such requirements.
After this offering, our co-founders will continue to control a majority of the voting power of our outstanding common stock. As a result, we will qualify as a controlled company within the meaning of the corporate governance standards of the Exchange. Under these rules, a listed company of which more than 50% of the voting power with respect to the election of directors is held by an individual, group or another company is a controlled company and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including the requirement that (i) a majority of our board of directors consist of independent directors, (ii) director nominees be selected or recommended to the board entirely by independent directors and (iii) the compensation committee be composed entirely of independent directors.
Following this offering, we intend to rely on some or all of these exemptions. As a result, at least initially, we will not have a majority of independent directors, our compensation committee may not consist entirely of independent directors and our directors may not be nominated or selected entirely by independent directors. Accordingly, you may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the Exchange.
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Insiders will continue to have substantial control over our company after this offering, which could limit your ability to influence the outcome of key decisions, including a change of control.
Following this offering, our co-founders will continue to control more than 50% of the voting power of our common stock in the election of directors. This control will limit or preclude your ability to influence corporate matters for the foreseeable future. These stockholders will be able to influence or control matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers, acquisitions or other extraordinary transactions. Their interests may differ from yours and they may vote in a manner that is adverse to your interests. This control may deter, delay or prevent a change of control of our company, deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their Class A common stock as part of a sale of our company and may ultimately affect the market price of our Class A common stock.
You will experience immediate and substantial dilution as a result of this offering and may experience additional dilution in the future.
We expect the initial public offering price of our Class A common stock will be substantially higher than the pro forma net tangible book value per share of our Class A common stock, after giving effect to the exchange of all outstanding Class B units for shares of our Class A common stock. Therefore, investors purchasing shares of Class A common stock in this offering will pay a price per share that substantially exceeds our pro forma net tangible book value per share after this offering. As a result, investors will:
| incur immediate dilution of $ per share; and |
| contribute the total amount invested to date to fund GEN Inc., but will own only approximately % of the shares of our Class A common stock outstanding, after giving effect to the exchange of all Class B units outstanding immediately after the Reorganization and this offering for shares of our Class A common stock. See Dilution. |
Investors in this offering will experience further dilution upon the issuance of shares underlying awards made pursuant to any equity incentive plans, including the 2023 Plan. See Organizational StructureThe GEN LLC AgreementClasses of GEN LLC Units.
We have broad discretion in the use of net proceeds that we receive in this offering and we may not use them effectively.
After giving effect to the use of proceeds described in Use of Proceeds and the Reorganization, we expect to have remaining net proceeds, which we currently intend to use for expenses incurred by us in connection with this offering and the Reorganization, and for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including new unit openings. Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future and, as a result, your ability to achieve a return on your investment will depend on appreciation in the price of our Class A common stock.
We have no present intention to pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We anticipate that we will retain all of our future earnings for use in the development of our business and for general corporate purposes. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our board of directors. Accordingly, investors must rely on sales of their Class A common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gains on their investments.
Our charter documents and the Delaware General Corporation Law, or the DGCL, could discourage takeover attempts and other corporate governance changes.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws in effect upon completion of this offering contain provisions that could delay or prevent a change in control of our company. These provisions could also make it difficult for
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stockholders to elect directors that are not nominated by the current members of our board of directors or take other corporate actions, including effecting changes in our management. These provisions include the following provisions that:
| our board of directors will be classified into three classes of directors with staggered three-year terms; |
| directors are only able to be removed from office for cause and with the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the voting power of all shares of our common stock then outstanding; |
| authorize the issuance of blank check preferred stock that our board of directors could use to implement a stockholder rights plan; |
| prohibit stockholder action by written consent, which requires stockholder actions to be taken at a meeting of our stockholders; |
| establish advance notice requirements for nominations for election to our board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at annual stockholder meetings; |
| provide the board of directors with sole authorization to establish the number of directors and fill director vacancies; |
| certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate may only be amended with the approval of at least 662⁄3% of the voting power of all shares of our common stock then outstanding; |
| the board of directors is expressly authorized to make, alter, or repeal our amended and restated bylaws and that our stockholders may amend our bylaws only with the approval of at least 662⁄3% of the voting power of all shares of our common stock then outstanding; and |
| special meetings of the stockholders may not be called at the request of stockholders. |
In addition, as a Delaware corporation, we are subject to Section 203 of the DGCL. These provisions may prohibit large stockholders, in particular those owning 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock, from merging or combining with us for a period of time. In addition, debt instruments we may enter into in the future may include provisions entitling the lenders to demand immediate repayment of all borrowings upon the occurrence of certain change of control events relating to our company, which also could discourage, delay or prevent a business combination transaction.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will include an exclusive forum clause, which could limit our stockholders ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for any complaint asserting any internal corporate claims, including claims in the right of the Company that are based upon a violation of a duty by a current or former director, officer, employee or stockholder in such capacity, or as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction upon the Court of Chancery. In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that the federal district courts of the United States will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. We note, however, that investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for state and federal courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. This forum selection provision will not apply to claims brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Exchange Act.
This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholders ability to bring a claim in other judicial forums for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees in jurisdictions other than Delaware, or federal courts, in the case of claims arising under the Securities Act. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
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Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock is deemed to have notice of and consented to the foregoing provisions. The exclusive forum clause may limit our stockholders ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us. See the section entitled Description of Capital StockExclusive Forum Clause.
General Risk Factors
The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources, divert our managements attention and affect our ability to attract and retain qualified board members.
As a public company, we will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, and will be required to comply with the applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the listing requirements of the Exchange, and other applicable securities rules and regulations. Compliance with these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming or costly and increase demand on our systems and resources. Among other things, the Exchange Act requires that we file annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our business and operating results and maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting. Significant resources and management oversight will be required to maintain and, if required, improve our disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting to meet this standard. As a result, managements attention may be diverted from other business concerns, which could harm our business and operating results. Although we have already hired additional employees to comply with these requirements, we may need to hire even more employees in the future, which will increase our costs and expenses.
We also expect that being a public company and these new rules and regulations will make it more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board of directors, particularly to serve on our audit committee and compensation committee, and qualified executive officers.
Our management team has limited experience managing a public company.
Most members of our management team have limited or no experience managing a publicly traded company, interacting with public company investors, and complying with the increasingly complex laws, rules and regulations that govern public companies. There are significant obligations we will now be subject to relating to reporting, procedures and internal controls, and our management team may not successfully or efficiently manage our transition to being a public company. These new obligations and added scrutiny will require significant attention from our management and could divert their attention away from the day-to-day management of our business, which could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
We have no history operating as a consolidated entity.
Prior to this offering, we have operated as GEN Restaurant Group, an unconsolidated group of entities listed in the historical financial statements included in this prospectus and owned primarily by either David Kim or Jae Chang, our co-Chief Executive Officers and Directors. Following the completion of this offering and the Reorganization described in Organizational Structure, we will operate as a consolidated entity with GEN Inc. as the publicly traded holding company and GEN LLC as the primary operating company conducting our business operations through its subsidiaries. The process of consolidating will divert significant management attention away from operating our restaurants which could negatively impact our results of operations and financial position. In addition, we may incur unforeseen costs in connection with our consolidation including with respect to the rearrangement of employee functions and other human resources matters as well as those
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costs associated with the development of Company-wide policies and procedures for the uniform operation of our business across all of our locations. Further, we may experience negative changes to our management dynamics, including change related to having a co-chief executive officer arrangement, which could negatively impact our operations and financial performance.
We have identified two material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and if our remediation of such material weaknesses is not effective, or if we fail to develop and maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting, our ability to produce timely, accurate and reliable financial statements could be impaired.
We have identified two material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting that we are currently working to remediate. The first material weakness relates to a lack of adequate and timely review of accounts and reconciliations by management, primarily due to a large number of accounting journal entries across GEN Restaurant Groups operating entities resulting in material audit adjustments and significant post-closing adjustments. The second material weakness relates to an inadequate design of our information technology controls and inappropriate access by members of our finance team, primarily due to our accounting systems open architecture and a lack of segregation of duties within our finance team. A material weakness is a deficiency or combination of deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our financial statements would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. These deficiencies could result in additional material misstatements to our financial statements that could not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
Our management has concluded that these material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting are due to the fact that we are a private company made up of an unconsolidated group of entities with limited resources and do not have the necessary business processes and related internal controls formally designed and implemented coupled with the appropriate resources and personnel with the appropriate level of experience and technical expertise to oversee our business processes and controls.
Our management is in the process of developing and implementing remediation plans, including operational improvements designed to limit journal entries as well as implementing an accounting system with a closed architecture. The material weaknesses will be considered remediated when we design and implement effective controls that operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are effective. Our management will monitor the effectiveness of its remediation plans and will make changes management determines to be appropriate. If not remediated, these material weaknesses could result in further material misstatements to our annual or interim financial statements that might not be prevented or detected on a timely basis, or in delayed filing of required periodic reports. If we are unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or when required in the future after the consummation of the offering if our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm is unable to express an unqualified opinion as to the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, the market price of the Class A common stock could be adversely affected and we could become subject to litigation or investigations by the Exchange, the SEC, or other regulatory authorities, which could require additional financial and management resources.
We are an emerging growth company and a smaller reporting company and as a result of the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies, our common stock may be less attractive to investors.
We are an emerging growth company, as defined in the JOBS Act, and a smaller reporting company, as defined under the Exchange Act. As an emerging growth company and a smaller reporting company, we may follow reduced disclosure requirements and do not have to make all of the disclosures that public companies that are not emerging growth companies or smaller reporting companies do. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of (a) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenue of
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$1.07 billion or more; (b) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of the completion of this offering; (c) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in nonconvertible debt during the previous three years; or (d) the date on which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer under the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, which means the market value of our voting and non-voting common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the prior June 30th (and we have been a public company for at least 12 months and have filed at least one annual report on Form 10-K). For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we are permitted and intend to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. These exemptions include:
| presenting only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations disclosure; |
| reduced disclosure about our executive compensation arrangements; |
| exemption from the requirements to hold non-binding stockholder advisory votes on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements; |
| extended transition periods for complying with new or revised accounting standards; |
| exemption from the auditor attestation requirement in the assessment of our internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; and |
| exemption from complying with any requirement that may be adopted by the PCAOB, regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditors report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements (i.e., an auditor discussion and analysis). |
In addition, the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. This allows an emerging growth company to delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards; and as a result of this election, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates.
We are also a smaller reporting company, as defined in the Exchange Act, and we will remain a smaller reporting company until the fiscal year following the determination that our voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates is more than $250 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter, or our annual revenue is more than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and our voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates is more than $700 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter. Similar to emerging growth companies, smaller reporting companies are able to provide simplified executive compensation disclosure and have certain other reduced disclosure obligations, including, among other things, being required to provide only two years of audited financial statements and not being required to provide selected financial data, supplemental financial information or risk factors.
We may choose to take advantage of some, but not all, of the available exemptions for emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies. We cannot predict whether investors will find our common stock less attractive if we rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our shares price may be more volatile.
If we fail to maintain or implement effective internal controls, we may not be able to report financial results accurately or on a timely basis, or to detect fraud, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and the per share price of our Class A common stock.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures, and internal control over financial reporting. We are continuing to develop and refine our disclosure controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the
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reports that we will file with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms. We are also continuing to improve our internal control over financial reporting. We have expended, and anticipate that we will continue to expend, significant resources in order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting.
Our current controls and any new controls that we develop may become inadequate because of changes in conditions in our business. Further, weaknesses in our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting may be discovered in the future. Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls, or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and may result in a restatement of our financial statements for prior periods. Any failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could also adversely affect the results of management reports and independent registered public accounting firm audits of our internal control over financial reporting that we will eventually be required to include in our periodic reports that will be filed with the SEC. Ineffective disclosure controls and procedures, and internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial and other information, which would likely have a negative effect on the market price of our Class A common stock. In addition, if we are unable to continue to meet these requirements, we may not be able to remain listed on the Exchange.
We are not currently required to comply with the SEC rules that implement Section 404 of the Sarbanes- Oxley Act, and are therefore not required to make a formal assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for that purpose. Upon becoming a public company, we will be required to provide an annual management report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting commencing with our second annual report on Form 10-K. Our independent registered public accounting firm is not required to audit the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting until after we are no longer an emerging growth company, as defined in the JOBS Act. At such time, our independent registered public accounting firm may issue a report that is adverse in the event it is not satisfied with the level at which our internal control over financial reporting is documented, designed or operating.
Any failure to maintain effective disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting could have a material and adverse effect on our business and operating results, and cause a decline in the market price of our Class A common stock.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research reports about our business, our share price and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our Class A common stock will partially depend on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. We do not have any control over these analysts. If one or more of the analysts who cover us should downgrade our shares or change their opinion of our business prospects, our share price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of our company or fails to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our share price or trading volume to decline.
The estimates of market opportunity and forecasts of market growth included in this prospectus may prove to be inaccurate, and even if the market in which we compete achieves the forecasted growth, our business could fail to grow at similar rates, if at all.
Market opportunity estimates and growth forecasts are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not prove to be accurate. For example, several of the reports rely on or employ projections of consumer adoption and incorporate data from secondary sources such as company websites as well as industry, trade and government publications. While our estimates of market size and expected growth of our market were made in good faith and are based on assumptions and estimates we believe to be reasonable, these estimates may not prove to be accurate. Even if the market in which we compete meets the size estimates and growth forecast in this prospectus, our business could fail to grow at the rate we anticipate, if at all.
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Failure to retain our senior management may adversely affect our operations.
Our success is substantially dependent on the continued service of certain members of our senior management. These executives have been primarily responsible for determining the strategic direction of our business and for executing our growth strategy and are integral to our brand, culture and the reputation we enjoy with suppliers, customers and consumers. We also rely on our leadership team for operating our business, identifying, recruiting and training key personnel, identifying expansion opportunities, arranging necessary financing, and for general and administrative functions. The loss of the services of any of these executives or other key employees could have a material adverse effect on our business and prospects, as we may not be able to find suitable individuals to replace them on a timely basis, if at all. In addition, any such departure could be viewed in a negative light by investors and analysts, which may cause the price of our common stock to decline. We also currently have co-CEOs, and this management structure could be cumbersome and lead to disagreements at the management level. Furthermore, certain agreements between us and our co-CEOs could give rise to claims by us against our co-CEOs in certain circumstances. See Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions for additional information on these agreements. We do not currently carry key-person life insurance for our senior executives. To continue to execute our growth strategy, we also must identify, hire and retain highly skilled personnel. We might not be successful in continuing to attract and retain qualified personnel. Failure to identify, hire and retain necessary key personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
A breach of security of confidential consumer information related to our electronic processing of credit and debit card transactions, as well as a breach of security of our employee information, could substantially affect our reputation, business, financial condition of results of operations.
The majority of our restaurant sales are by credit or debit cards. Other restaurants and retailers have experienced security breaches in which credit and debit card information has been stolen. We may in the future become subject to claims for purportedly fraudulent transactions arising out of the actual or alleged theft of credit or debit card information, and we may also be subject to lawsuits or other proceedings relating to these types of incidents. We may ultimately be held liable for the unauthorized use of a cardholders card number in an illegal activity and be required by card issuers to pay charge-back fees. In addition, most states have enacted legislation requiring notification of security breaches involving personal information, including credit and debit card information. Any such claim or proceeding could cause us to incur significant unplanned expenses, which could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Further, adverse publicity resulting from these allegations may have a material adverse effect on us and could substantially affect our reputation and business, financial condition or results of operations.
In addition, our business requires the collection, transmission and retention of large volumes of guest and employee data, including personally identifiable information, in various information technology systems that we maintain and in those maintained by third parties with whom we contract to provide services. The collection and use of such information is regulated at the federal and state levels, as well as at the international level, in which regulatory requirements have been increasing. Additionally, we have been subject to security breaches and cyber incidents in the past and our preventative measures and incident response efforts may not be entirely effective at preventing future breaches. As our environment continues to evolve in the digital age and reliance upon new technologies becomes more prevalent, it is imperative we secure the privacy and sensitive information we collect. The theft, destruction, loss, misappropriation, or release of sensitive and/or confidential information, or interference with our information technology systems or the technology systems of third parties on which we rely, could result in business disruption, negative publicity, brand damage, violation of privacy laws, loss of customers, potential liability, remediation costs and competitive disadvantage all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
We rely on information technology systems and any inadequacy, failure or interruption of those systems may harm our ability to effectively operate our business.
We are dependent on various information technology systems, including, but not limited to, point-of-sale processing in our restaurants for management of our supply chain, payment of obligations, collection of cash,
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credit and debit card transactions and other processes and procedures. No operational applications are physically hosted on our premises, although we do manage internal file servers. Most of our applications are operated in the cloud, either as Software as a Service (SaaS) platforms or hosted services. Key third-party, cloud-based systems include Microsoft OneDrive for document storing, sharing and collaboration and other platforms to manage activities including, but not limited to, payroll and personnel data. We also use Revel for our point-of-sale (POS) system and Quickbooks. A failure of our information technology systems to perform as we anticipate could disrupt our business and result in transaction errors, processing inefficiencies and loss of sales, causing our business to suffer. In addition, our information technology systems may be vulnerable to damage or interruption from circumstances beyond our control, including fire, natural disasters, systems failures and viruses and security breaches. Any such damage or interruption could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We also expect to implement new information technology systems following the consummation of this offering. Implementations of new systems are often complex and time-consuming, and the use of any new systems involve risks inherent to conversion to a new system. These risks include loss of information, the compromise of data integrity and the potential disruption of our normal business operations. The implementation process may be disruptive if the new information technology systems do not work as planned, or if we experience issues relating to the new technology. Any disruption to our normal business operations and/or our failure to manage such disruptions could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our actual or perceived failure to comply with privacy, data protection and information security laws, regulations and obligations could harm our business.
We are subject to numerous federal, state, local and international laws and regulations regarding privacy, data protection, information security and the storing, sharing, use, processing, transfer, disclosure and protection of personal information and other content and data, which we refer to collectively as privacy laws, the scope of which is changing, subject to differing interpretations and may be inconsistent among countries, or conflict with other laws, regulations or other obligations. We are also subject to the terms of our privacy policies and obligations to our customers and other third parties related to privacy, data protection and information security. We strive to comply with applicable privacy laws; however, the regulatory framework for privacy and data protection worldwide is, and is likely to remain for the foreseeable future, varied, and it is possible that these or other actual obligations may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another.
California also recently enacted legislation affording consumers expanded privacy protections: the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018, or CCPA, went into effect as of January 1, 2020 and was subject to enforcement starting July 1, 2020. Additionally, the California Attorney General issued CCPA regulations that add additional requirements on businesses. The potential effects of this legislation and the related CCPA regulations may require us to incur substantial costs and expenses in an effort to comply. For example, the CCPA gives California residents (including employees, though only in limited circumstances until January 1, 2023) expanded rights to transparency, access and require deletion of their personal information, opt out of certain personal information sharing and receive detailed information about how their personal information is collected and used. The CCPA also provides for civil penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action for data breaches that may increase data breach litigation. Additionally, a new privacy law, the California Privacy Rights Act, or CPRA, was approved by California voters in the November 3, 2020 election. The CPRA significantly modifies the CCPA, potentially resulting in further uncertainty and requiring us to incur additional costs and expenses in efforts to comply. The enactment of the CCPA and CPRA is prompting similar legislative developments in other states in the United States, which could create the potential for a patchwork of overlapping but different state laws, and is inspiring federal legislation.
Further, some countries also are considering or have passed legislation requiring local storage and processing of data, or similar requirements, which could increase the cost and complexity of operating our products and services and other aspects of our business.
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With laws and regulations such as the CCPA/CPRA imposing new and relatively burdensome obligations, and with substantial uncertainty over the interpretation and application of these and other laws and regulations, there is a risk that the requirements of these or other laws and regulations, or of contractual or other obligations relating to privacy, data protection or information security, are interpreted or applied in a manner that is, or is alleged to be, inconsistent with our management and processing practices, our policies or procedures, or the features of our products and services. We may face challenges in addressing their requirements and making any necessary changes to our policies and practices, and we may find it necessary or appropriate to assume additional burdens with respect to data handling, to restrict our data processing or otherwise to modify our data handling practices and to incur significant costs and expenses in these efforts. Any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with our privacy policies, our privacy, data protection or information security-related obligations to customers or other third parties or any of our other legal obligations relating to privacy, data protection or information security may result in governmental investigations or enforcement actions, litigation, claims or public statements against us by consumer advocacy groups or others, and could result in significant liability or cause our customers to lose trust in us, which could have an adverse effect on our reputation and business. Furthermore, the costs of compliance with, and other burdens imposed by, the laws, regulations and policies that are applicable to the businesses of our customers may limit the adoption and use of, and reduce the overall demand for, our products and services.
Additionally, if third parties we work with violate applicable laws or regulations or our contracts and policies, such violations may also put our customers, suppliers or other third parties content and personal information at risk and could in turn have an adverse effect on our business. Any significant change to applicable privacy laws or relevant industry practices could increase our costs and require us to modify our platform, applications and features, possibly in a material manner, which we may be unable to complete and may limit our ability to store and process customer data or develop new applications and features.
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This prospectus contains forward-looking statements about us and our industry that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this prospectus, including, without limitation, statements regarding our future results of operations or financial condition, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as anticipate, believe, consider, contemplate, continue, could, estimate, expect, intend, may, plan, potential, predict, project, should, target, will or would or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions.
You should not rely on forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and operating results. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors described in the section titled Risk Factors and elsewhere in this prospectus, including, but not limited to, the following:
| the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic; |
| our ability to operate as a consolidated public company; |
| our ability to successfully achieve increases in AUVs; |
| our ability to successfully execute our growth strategy and open new restaurants that are profitable; |
| our ability to expand in existing and new markets; |
| our projected growth in the number of our restaurants; |
| macroeconomic conditions and other economic factors; |
| our ability to compete with many other restaurants; |
| our reliance on vendors, suppliers and distributors; |
| concerns regarding food safety and foodborne illness; |
| changes in consumer preferences and the level of acceptance of our restaurant concept in new markets; |
| minimum wage increases and mandated employee benefits that could cause a significant increase in our labor costs; |
| the failure of our automated equipment or information technology systems or the breach of our network security; |
| the loss of key members of our management team; |
| the impact of our UP-C structure; |
| the impact of governmental laws and regulations; and |
| other risks, uncertainties and factors set forth in this prospectus, including those set forth under Risk Factors, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Business. |
Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus. The results, events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur, and actual results, events or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.
In addition, statements that we believe and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this prospectus. And
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while we believe that information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, that information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.
The forward-looking statements made in this prospectus relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this prospectus to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this prospectus or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures or investments.
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On October 28, 2021, GEN Inc. was incorporated as a Delaware corporation. Prior to this offering, GEN Inc. and GEN LLC have had no business operations. Our business is currently conducted through the entities comprising GEN Restaurant Group.
The Reorganization
The entities comprising GEN Restaurant Group will be consolidated as subsidiaries of GEN LLC with the owners of GEN Restaurant Group receiving membership units of GEN LLC in exchange for the ownership interests of GEN Restaurant Group. The following actions will be taken in connection with the closing of this offering:
| GEN Inc. will amend and restate its certificate of incorporation to, among other things, provide for Class A common stock and Class B common stock. See Description of Capital Stock. |
| GEN Inc. will sell to the underwriters in this offering shares of our Class A common stock, or shares of our Class A common stock if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock in full. |
| We will amend and restate the limited liability company agreement of GEN LLC, or as amended and restated, the GEN LLC Agreement, to, among other things, provide for Class A units and Class B units and appoint GEN Inc. as the managing member of GEN LLC. See The GEN LLC Agreement. |
| GEN Inc. will use approximately $ million of the net proceeds of this offering to acquire newly issued Class A units of GEN LLC at a per-unit price equal to the per-share price paid by the underwriters for shares of our Class A common stock in this offering. If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock, we would use the additional net proceeds to acquire additional newly issued Class A units. |
| The GEN LLC Agreement will classify the interests acquired by GEN Inc. as Class A units and reclassify the interests held by the other members of GEN LLC as Class B units, and will permit the members of GEN LLC to exchange Class B units for shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis or, at our election, for cash. Any beneficial holder exchanging Class B units must ensure that the applicable corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock are delivered to us for cancellation as a condition of exercising its right to exchange Class B units for shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, for cash. |
| GEN Inc. will enter into the Tax Receivable Agreement for the benefit of the other members of GEN LLC (not including GEN Inc.) pursuant to which GEN Inc. will pay % of the amount of the net cash tax savings, if any, that GEN Inc. realizes (or, under certain circumstances, is deemed to realize) as a result of (i) increases in tax basis (and utilization of certain other tax benefits) resulting from GEN Inc.s acquisition of a members GEN LLC units in connection with future exchanges and (ii) any payments GEN Inc. makes under the Tax Receivable Agreement (including tax benefits related to imputed interest). See Tax Receivable Agreement. |
| We will enter into a Registration Rights Agreement with the Class B stockholders to provide for certain rights and restrictions after the offering. See Registration Rights Agreement. |
We refer to the actions listed above as the Reorganization.
Our Class B Common Stock
For each membership unit of GEN LLC that is reclassified as a Class B unit in the Reorganization, we will issue to the Class B unitholder one corresponding share of our Class B common stock. Immediately following the Reorganization, we will have outstanding shares of Class B common stock held of record by stockholders assuming no exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares and shares of Class B common stock held of record by stockholders if the underwriters exercise their option to
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purchase additional shares in full. Each share of our Class B common stock will entitle its holder to ten votes. See Voting Rights of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock.
The Class B stockholders will initially have % of the combined voting power of our common stock (or % if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock in full). When a Class B unit is exchanged for a share of our Class A common stock, the corresponding share of our Class B common stock will automatically be retired. We will not issue any further Class B units or shares of Class B common stock after the completion of the Reorganization, except to holders of Class B units in a number necessary to maintain a one-to-one ratio between the number of Class B units and the number of shares of Class B common stock outstanding.
Our Class A Common Stock
We expect shares of our Class A common stock to be outstanding after this offering (or shares if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full), all of which will be sold pursuant to this offering.
The Class A common stock outstanding will represent 100% of the rights of the holders of all classes of our outstanding common stock to share in distributions from GEN Inc., except for the right of Class B stockholders to receive the par value of the Class B common stock upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up or an exchange of Class B units.
Post-Offering Holding Company Structure
This offering is being conducted through what is commonly referred to as an UP-C structure, which is often used by partnerships and limited liability companies undertaking an initial public offering. The UP-C approach provides the existing partners with the tax advantage of continuing to own interests in a pass-through structure and provides current and potential future tax benefits for the public company and economic benefits for the existing partners when they ultimately exchange their pass-through interests and corresponding shares of Class B common stock for shares of Class A common stock. See Tax Receivable Agreement.
GEN Inc. will be a holding company and, following this offering, its only business will be to act as the managing member of GEN LLC, and its only material assets will be Class A units representing approximately % of GEN LLC units (or % if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock in full). In its capacity as the managing member, GEN Inc. will operate and control all of GEN LLCs business and affairs. We will consolidate the financial results of GEN LLC and will report non-controlling interests related to the interests held by the other members of GEN LLC in our consolidated financial statements. The membership interests of GEN LLC owned by us will be classified as Class A units and the remaining approximately % of GEN LLC units (or % if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock in full), which will continue to be held by the current owners of GEN Restaurant Group, will be classified as Class B units. GEN Inc. consolidates GEN LLC due to GEN Inc.s power to control GEN LLC, making it the primary beneficiary and managing member of the variable interest entity.
Pursuant to the GEN LLC Agreement, each Class B unit will be exchangeable for one share of GEN Inc.s Class A common stock or, at GEN Inc.s election, for cash. The exchange ratio is subject to appropriate adjustment by GEN Inc. in the event Class A units are issued to GEN Inc. without issuance of a corresponding number of shares of Class A common stock or in the event of certain reclassifications, reorganizations, recapitalizations or similar transactions. Any beneficial holder exchanging Class B units must ensure that the applicable corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock are delivered to us for retirement as a condition of exercising its right to exchange Class B units for shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, for cash. The diagram below illustrates our structure and anticipated ownership immediately after the Reorganization and this offering (assuming no exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares) and does not reflect the issuances of awards pursuant to the 2023 Plan.
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Amounts may not sum to total due to rounding.
(1) | At the closing of this offering, the members of GEN LLC other than GEN Inc. will be certain historic owners of GEN Restaurant Group, all of whom, in the aggregate, will own Class B units of GEN LLC and shares of Class B common stock of GEN Inc. after this offering assuming no exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares and Class B units of GEN LLC and shares of Class B common stock of GEN Inc. if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full. |
(2) | Each share of Class A common stock will be entitled to one vote and will vote together with the Class B common stock as a single class, except as provided in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or required by law. See Voting Rights of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. |
(3) | Each share of Class B common stock is entitled to ten votes and will vote together with the Class A common stock as a single class, except as provided in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or required by law. The Class B common stock will not have any economic rights in GEN Inc. |
(4) | GEN Inc. will own all of the Class A units of GEN LLC after the Reorganization, which upon the completion of this offering will represent the right to receive approximately % of the distributions made by GEN LLC assuming no exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares and approximately % of the distributions made by GEN LLC if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full. While this interest represents a minority of economic interests in |
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GEN LLC, it represents 100% of the voting interests, and GEN Inc. will act as the managing member of GEN LLC. As a result, GEN Inc. will operate and control all of GEN LLCs business and affairs and will be able to consolidate its financial results into GEN Inc.s financial statements. |
(5) | The historic owners of the GEN Restaurant Group will collectively hold all Class B common stock of GEN Inc. outstanding after this offering. They also will collectively hold all Class B units of GEN LLC, which upon the completion of this offering will represent the right to receive approximately % of the distributions made by GEN LLC assuming no exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares and approximately % of the distributions made by GEN LLC if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full. The historic owners of the GEN Restaurant Group will have no voting rights in GEN LLC on account of the Class B units, except for the right to approve amendments to the GEN LLC Agreement that adversely affect their rights as holders of Class B units. However, through their ownership of shares of Class B common stock, the historic owners of the GEN Restaurant Group will control a majority of the voting power of the common stock of GEN Inc., the managing member of GEN LLC, and will therefore have indirect control over GEN LLC. Class B units may be exchanged for shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, for cash, subject to certain restrictions pursuant to the GEN LLC Agreement described in GEN LLC Agreement. When a Class B stockholder exchanges Class B units for the corresponding number of shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, for cash, it will result in the automatic retirement of the corresponding number of shares of our Class B common stock and, therefore, will decrease the aggregate voting power of our historic owners of the GEN Restaurant Group. Any beneficial holder exchanging Class B units must ensure that the applicable corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock are delivered to us for retirement as a condition of exercising its right to exchange Class B units for shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, for cash. |
Subject to the availability of net cash flow at the GEN LLC level, GEN Inc. intends to cause GEN LLC to distribute to GEN Inc. and the other members of GEN LLC pro rata cash distributions for the purposes of funding tax obligations in respect of the taxable income and net capital gain that is allocated to the members of GEN LLC and GEN Inc.s obligations to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. In addition, GEN LLC will reimburse GEN Inc. for corporate and other overhead expenses.
Assuming GEN LLC makes distributions to its members in any given year, the determination to pay dividends, if any, to our Class A stockholders out of the portion, if any, of such distributions remaining after our payment of taxes, Tax Receivable Agreement payments and expenses (any such portion, an excess distribution) will be made by our board of directors. Because our board of directors may determine to pay or not pay dividends to our Class A stockholders, our Class A stockholders may not necessarily receive dividend distributions relating to our excess distributions, even if GEN LLC makes such distributions to us.
The diagram below summarizes the ownership structure of GEN LLCs operations on a fully diluted basis prior to the Reorganization.
GEN LLC Agreement
As a result of the Reorganization, GEN Inc. will indirectly control the business through GEN LLC and any consolidated subsidiaries. The operations of GEN LLC, and the rights and obligations of its members, are set forth in the GEN LLC Agreement, a form of which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. The following is a description of certain terms of the GEN LLC Agreement.
Classes of GEN LLC Units
GEN LLC will issue Class A units, which will be issued only to GEN Inc., and Class B units. In connection with the closing of this offering, members holding preferred and common units prior to the closing will have such units reclassified into Class B units.
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Economic Rights of Unitholders
Class A units and Class B units will have the same economic rights per unit. After the closing of this offering, the holders of GEN Inc.s Class A common stock (indirectly through GEN Inc.) and the holders of Class B units of GEN LLC will hold approximately % and %, respectively, of the economic interests in GEN Inc.s business (or % and %, respectively, if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock in full).
Net profits and net losses of GEN LLC will generally be allocated on a pro rata basis in accordance with the number of units held by such holder; however, under applicable tax rules, GEN LLC will be required to allocate taxable income disproportionately to its members in certain circumstances. The GEN LLC Agreement will provide for quarterly cash distributions, which we refer to as tax distributions, to the holders of the units in a manner to approximate an amount to enable each member to pay applicable taxes on taxable income allocable to such member. If the amount of tax distributions to be made exceeds the amount of funds available for distribution, GEN Inc. shall receive a tax distribution calculated using the corporate rate before the other members receive any distribution, and the balance, if any, of funds available for distribution shall be distributed to the other members in accordance with the GEN LLC Agreement. For a more complete overview of the assumed tax rate calculation, see Certain Tax Consequences to GEN Inc. In addition, GEN LLC will make non-pro rata payments to reimburse GEN Inc. for corporate and other overhead expenses (which payments from GEN LLC will not be treated as distributions under the GEN LLC Agreement). However, GEN LLC may not make distributions or payments to its members if doing so would violate any applicable law or result in GEN LLC or any of its subsidiaries being in default under any material agreement governing indebtedness (which we do not expect to be the case upon the closing of this offering and the Reorganization).
Management and Voting Rights of Unitholders
After the closing of this offering, GEN Inc. will act as the managing member of GEN LLC. In its capacity as the managing member of GEN LLC, GEN Inc. will control GEN LLCs business and affairs. GEN LLC will issue Class A units, which will only be issued to GEN Inc., and Class B units. Class B unitholders will have no voting rights in GEN LLC, except for the right to approve amendments to the GEN LLC Agreement that adversely affect their rights as Class B unitholders.
Coordination of GEN Inc. and GEN LLC
Any time GEN Inc. issues a share of its Class A common stock for cash, unless used to settle an exchange of a Class B unit for cash, the net proceeds received by GEN Inc. will be promptly transferred to GEN LLC, and GEN LLC will issue to GEN Inc. a Class A unit. If at any time GEN Inc. issues a share of its Class A common stock upon an exchange of a Class B unit or settles such exchange for cash as described below under Exchange Rights, GEN Inc. will contribute the exchanged unit to GEN LLC and GEN LLC will issue to GEN Inc. a Class A unit. In the event that GEN Inc. issues other classes or series of its equity securities (other than pursuant to our incentive compensation plans), GEN LLC will issue to GEN Inc. an equal amount of equity securities of GEN LLC with designations, preferences and other rights and terms that are substantially the same as GEN Inc.s newly issued equity securities. If at any time GEN Inc. issues a share of its Class A common stock pursuant to our 2023 Plan, GEN Inc. will contribute to GEN LLC all of the proceeds that it receives (if any) and GEN LLC will issue to GEN Inc. an equal number of its Class A units, having the same restrictions, if any, as are attached to the shares of Class A common stock issued under the plan. If GEN Inc. repurchases, redeems or retires any shares of its Class A common stock (or its equity securities of other classes or series), GEN LLC will, immediately prior to such repurchase, redemption or retirement, repurchase, redeem or retire an equal number of Class A units (or its equity securities of the corresponding classes or series) held by GEN Inc., upon the same terms and for the same consideration, as the shares of our Class A common stock (or our equity securities of such other classes or series) are repurchased, redeemed or retired. In addition, GEN LLC units, as well as GEN Inc.s common stock, will be subject to equivalent stock splits, dividends, reclassifications and other subdivisions.
57
GEN Inc. will issue additional shares of Class B common stock only to holders of Class B units only in a number necessary to maintain a one-to-one ratio between the number of Class B units and the number of shares of Class B common stock outstanding.
Issuances and Transfer of GEN LLC Units
Class A units will be issued only to GEN Inc. and are non-transferable except as provided in the GEN LLC Agreement. Class B units will be issued in connection with the Reorganization as described herein and may be issued pursuant to the GEN LLC Agreement, provided that a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock is issued to the holder of such Class B units. Class B units may not be transferred, except with GEN Inc.s consent or to a permitted transferee, subject to such conditions as GEN Inc. may specify. In addition, Class B unitholders may not transfer any Class B units to any person unless he, she or it transfers an equal number of shares of GEN Inc.s Class B common stock to the same transferee.
Under the GEN LLC Agreement, GEN Inc. can require the holders of Class B units to sell all of their interests in GEN LLC in the event of certain acquisitions of GEN LLC.
Tax Receivable Agreement
GEN Inc. will enter into a tax receivable agreement for the benefit of certain members of GEN LLC (not including GEN Inc.), pursuant to which GEN Inc. will pay 85% of the amount of the net cash tax savings, if any, that GEN Inc. realizes (or, under certain circumstances, is deemed to realize) as a result of utilization of certain tax benefits resulting from GEN Inc.s acquisition of a members GEN LLC units in future exchanges and (ii) any payments GEN Inc. makes under the Tax Receivable Agreement. Generally, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be made to certain members of GEN LLC (not including GEN Inc.) pursuant to the terms of the Tax Receivable Agreement. Such payments will reduce the cash provided by the tax savings previously described that would otherwise have been available to GEN Inc. for other uses, including reinvestment or dividends to GEN Inc. Class A shareholders. See Certain Relationships and Related Person TransactionsTax Receivable Agreement.
The amount payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be based on an annual calculation of the reduction in our U.S. federal, state and local taxes resulting from the utilization of certain tax benefits resulting from sales and exchanges by certain members of GEN LLC. Assuming no material changes in the relevant tax law and that we earn sufficient taxable income to realize all tax benefits that are subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement, we expect that the reduction in tax payments for us associated with the federal, state and local tax benefits described above would aggregate to approximately $ million through 2037. Under such scenario we would be required to pay certain members of GEN LLC 85% of such amount, or $ million through 2037.
Certain Tax Consequences to GEN Inc.
The holders of GEN LLC units, including GEN Inc., generally will incur U.S. federal, state and local income taxes on their proportionate share of any net taxable income of GEN LLC. Net income and net losses of GEN LLC generally will be allocated to its members pro rata in proportion to their respective membership units, though certain non-pro rata adjustments will be made to reflect depreciation, amortization and other allocations. In accordance with the GEN LLC Agreement, we intend to cause GEN LLC to make distributions to each of its members, including GEN Inc., in an amount intended to enable each member to pay applicable taxes on taxable income allocable to such member, and to make non-pro rata payments to GEN Inc. to reimburse it for corporate and other overhead expenses (which payments from GEN LLC will not be treated as distributions under the GEN LLC Agreement). If the amount of tax distributions to be made exceeds the amount of funds available for distribution, GEN Inc. shall receive a tax distribution calculated using the corporate rate before the other members receive any distribution, and the balance, if any, of funds available for distribution shall be distributed to the other members in accordance with the GEN LLC Agreement.
58
GEN LLC will have in effect an election under Section 754 of the Code for the taxable year of the offering and each taxable year in which an exchange of Class B units for shares of our Class A common stock occurs. As a result of this election, the exchanges of Class B units for shares of our Class A common stock (or cash), are expected to result in increases in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of GEN LLC, which will be allocated to GEN Inc. and are expected to increase the tax depreciation and amortization deductions available to GEN Inc. and decrease gains, or increase losses, on a sale or other taxable disposition, if any, of such assets and therefore may reduce the amount of tax that GEN Inc. would otherwise be required to pay.
Voting Rights of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock
Except as provided in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or as required by applicable law, holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock vote together as a single class. Pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, we may not amend, alter, repeal or waive the provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation that relate to the terms of our capital stock without the approval of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of our Class B common stock, voting as a class. Holders of the Class A common stock and Class B common stock, as the case may be, would also have a separate class vote if we subdivide, combine or reclassify shares of the other class without concurrently subdividing, combining or reclassifying shares of such class in a proportional manner. Pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law, or the DGCL, the holders of the outstanding shares of a class shall be entitled to vote as a class upon a proposed amendment, whether or not entitled to vote thereon by the certificate of incorporation, if the amendment would increase or decrease the par value of the shares of such class or alter or change the powers, preferences, or special rights of the shares of such class so as to affect them adversely. Each share of our Class A common stock will entitle its holder to one vote per share, while each share of our Class B common stock will entitle its holder to ten votes per share.
Immediately after this offering, our Class B stockholders will collectively hold approximately % of the combined voting power of our common stock (or % if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full). When a Class B stockholder exchanges Class B units for the corresponding number of shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, for cash, it will result in the automatic cancellation of the corresponding number of shares of our Class B common stock and, therefore, will decrease the aggregate voting power of our Class B stockholders.
Exchange Rights
The GEN LLC Agreement will entitle certain of its members (and certain permitted transferees thereof) to exchange their Class B units, together with an equal number of shares of Class B common stock, for shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis or, at our election, for cash. The exchange ratio is subject to appropriate adjustment by GEN Inc. in the event Class A units are issued to GEN Inc. without issuance of a corresponding number of shares of Class A common stock or in the event of certain reclassifications, reorganizations, recapitalizations or similar transactions.
The GEN LLC Agreement will provide that an owner will not have the right to exchange Class B units if we determine that such exchange would be prohibited by law or regulation or would violate other agreements with the Company, GEN LLC or any of their subsidiaries to which GEN LLC unitholder is subject. We intend to impose additional restrictions on exchanges that we determine to be necessary or advisable so that GEN LLC is not treated as a publicly traded partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
The GEN LLC Agreement also provides for mandatory exchanges under certain circumstances, including at the option of GEN Inc. if the number of units outstanding (other than those held by GEN Inc.) is less than a minimum percentage and in the discretion of GEN Inc. with the consent of holders of at least 50% of the outstanding Class B units.
59
Any beneficial holder exchanging Class B units must ensure that the applicable corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock are delivered to us for retirement as a condition of exercising its right to exchange Class B units for shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, for cash.
Shares of Class B common stock retired upon an exchange will be restored to the status of authorized but unissued shares of Class B common stock.
Registration Rights Agreement
Prior to the consummation of this offering, we intend to enter into a Registration Rights Agreement that will provide holders of our Class B common stock with certain registration rights whereby, at any time following the first anniversary of the consummation of our initial public offering, they will have the right to require us to register under the Securities Act the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exchange of Class B units, subject to certain limitations set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement. The Registration Rights Agreement will also provide for piggyback registration rights for the holders party thereto, subject to certain conditions and exceptions.
60
We estimate that our net proceeds from this offering, based on an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share of Class A common stock (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus), after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions but before deducting expenses of this offering and the Reorganization payable by us, will be approximately $ million, or approximately $ million if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock.
Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $ per share of Class A common stock would increase or decrease the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $ million, assuming that the number of shares of Class A common stock offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions but before deducting expenses of this offering and the Reorganization payable by us. Similarly, each increase or decrease of one million in the number of shares of Class A common stock offered by us would increase or decrease the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $ million, assuming no change in the assumed initial public offering price of $ per share and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions but before deducting expenses of this offering and the Reorganization payable by us.
The principal purposes of this offering are to increase our financial flexibility, create a public market for our Class A common stock, and facilitate our future access to the capital markets.
We currently intend to use the net proceeds of this offering as follows:
| approximately $ million to purchase newly issued Class A units of GEN LLC, at a per-unit price equal to the per-share price paid by the underwriters for shares of our Class A common stock in this offering; |
| approximately $ million that we will cause GEN LLC to use to pay the expenses incurred by us in connection with this offering and the Reorganization, including approximately $ million for the repayment of advances from members; and |
| the remaining net proceeds for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including new unit openings. |
The expected use of net proceeds from this offering represents our intentions based upon our present plans and business conditions. We cannot predict with certainty all of the particular uses for the proceeds of this offering or the amounts that we will actually spend on the uses set forth above. Accordingly, our management will have significant flexibility in applying the net proceeds of this offering. The timing and amount of our actual expenditures will be based on many factors, including cash flows from operations and the anticipated growth of our business. Pending their use, we intend to invest the net proceeds of this offering in a variety of capital-preservation investments, including short- and intermediate-term, interest-bearing, investment-grade securities.
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We have no present intention to pay cash dividends on our common stock. Any determination to pay dividends to holders of our common stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon many factors, including our financial condition, results of operations, projections, liquidity, earnings, legal requirements, restrictions in our existing and any future debt and other factors that our board of directors deems relevant.
Following the Reorganization and this offering, GEN Inc. will be a holding company and its sole asset will be ownership of the Class A units of GEN LLC, of which it will be the managing member. Subject to funds being legally available, we intend to cause GEN LLC to make distributions to each of its members, including GEN Inc., in an amount intended to enable each member to pay applicable taxes on taxable income allocable to such member and to allow GEN Inc. to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, and non-pro rata payments to GEN Inc. to reimburse it for corporate and other overhead expenses. Distributions from GEN LLC to GEN Inc. to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will reduce the cash that would otherwise have been available to GEN Inc. for other uses, including reinvestment or dividends to GEN LLC Class A stockholders. If the amount of tax distributions to be made exceeds the amount of funds available for distribution, GEN Inc. shall receive a tax distribution calculated using the corporate rate before the other members receive any distribution and the balance, if any, of funds available for distribution shall be distributed to the other members in accordance with the GEN LLC Agreement. Holders of our Class B common stock will not be entitled to dividends distributed by GEN Inc., but will share in the distributions made by GEN LLC on a pro rata basis.
To the extent that the tax distributions GEN Inc. receives exceed the amounts GEN Inc. actually requires to pay taxes and other expenses and make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, our board of directors, in its sole discretion, will make any determination from time to time with respect to the use of any such excess cash so accumulated, including potentially causing GEN Inc. to contribute such excess cash (net of any operating expenses) to GEN LLC. Concurrently with any potential contribution of such excess cash, in order to maintain the intended economic relationship between the shares of Class A common stock and GEN LLC units after accounting for such contribution, GEN LLC and GEN Inc., as applicable, may undertake ameliorative actions, which may include reverse splits, reclassifications, combinations, subdivisions or adjustments of outstanding units of GEN LLC and corresponding shares of Class A common stock of GEN Inc., as well as corresponding adjustments to the shares of Class B common stock of GEN Inc. To the extent that GEN Inc. contributes such excess cash to GEN LLC (and undertakes such ameliorative actions), a holder of Class A common stock would not receive distributions in cash and would instead benefit through an increase in the indirect ownership interest in GEN LLC represented by such holders Class A common stock. To the extent that GEN Inc. does not distribute such excess cash as dividends on the Class A common stock or otherwise undertake such ameliorative actions and instead, for example, holds such cash balances, the members of GEN LLC (not including GEN Inc.) may benefit from any value attributable to such cash balances as a result of their ownership of Class A common stock following an exchange of their Class B units for shares of the Class A common stock, notwithstanding that such members may previously have participated as holders of Class B units in distributions by GEN LLC that resulted in such excess cash balances at GEN Inc.
Prior to this offering, certain companies within GEN Restaurant Group have made distributions to their members. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Liquidity and Capital Resources.
62
The following table sets forth the cash and capitalization as of March 31, 2023 of GEN Restaurant Group on a historical basis and GEN Inc. on a pro forma basis to give effect to the Reorganization and the issuance and sale of shares of Class A common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after (i) deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us and (ii) the application of the proceeds from this offering, as described under Use of Proceeds, and on a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect certain distributions made by companies within GEN Restaurant Group to their members after December 31, 2022 but prior to this offering.
You should read this information together with the information in this prospectus under Selected Historical Financial Information, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Description of Capital Stock, and with the financial statements and the related notes to those statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
March 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||
(amounts in thousands, except per share/unit amounts and share/unit data) | GEN Restaurant Group |
Pro Forma GEN Inc. |
As Adjusted GEN Inc. |
|||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 9,775 | ||||||||||
Notes payable, net of current |
6,467 | |||||||||||
Note payable to related parties, net of current |
1,221 | |||||||||||
Obligations under finance leases, net of current |
135 | |||||||||||
EB-5 Members equity |
1,500 | |||||||||||
Stockholders Equity: |
||||||||||||
Class A common stock, $0.001 par value per share (none authorized, issued and outstanding, actual, authorized and issued and outstanding pro forma and pro forma as adjusted)(1) |
||||||||||||
Class B common stock, $0.001 par value per share; (none authorized, issued and outstanding, actual, authorized and issued and outstanding pro forma and pro forma as adjusted) |
||||||||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
||||||||||||
Members equity (deficit) |
(8,936 | ) | ||||||||||
Noncontrolling interest |
3,647 | |||||||||||
Total stockholders equity (deficit) |
(5,289 | ) | ||||||||||
Total capitalization |
$ | 13,809 | ||||||||||
|
|
(1) | The number of shares of our Class A common stock outstanding, pro forma and pro forma as adjusted does not reflect shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Representatives Warrants. |
The above table does not include:
| shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares; |
| shares of Class A common stock issuable under the 2023 Plan (under which no equity awards have been granted as of March 31, 2023), including: |
| shares of Class A common stock underlying restricted stock units or other awards to be granted to certain employees and non-employee directors pursuant to the 2023 Plan immediately after the closing of this offering; and |
| additional shares of Class A common stock to be reserved for future issuance of awards under the 2023 Plan; and |
| shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance upon exchange of the Class B units of GEN LLC (and corresponding shares of Class B common stock) that will be outstanding immediately after this offering. |
63
If you invest in our Class A common stock, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per share of our Class A common stock and the pro forma net tangible book value per share of our Class A common stock immediately after the completion of this offering. Dilution results from the fact that the per share offering price of the Class A common stock is substantially in excess of the book value per share attributable to the existing equity holders.
Our pro forma net tangible book value as of March 31, 2023 was approximately $ million, or $ per share of our Class A common stock. Pro forma net tangible book value represents the amount of total tangible assets less total liabilities, and pro forma net tangible book value per share represents pro forma net tangible book value divided by the number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding, after giving effect to the Reorganization and assuming that all of the Class B unitholders exchanged their Class B units outstanding immediately following the completion of the Reorganization and this offering for newly issued shares of our Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis as if such units were immediately exchangeable.
(amounts in thousands) |
||||
Pro forma assets |
$ | |||
Pro forma liabilities |
||||
|
|
|||
Pro forma net tangible book value after this offering |
$ | |||
Less: |
||||
Proceeds from offering net of underwriting discounts |
||||
Purchase of units in GEN LLC |
||||
Offering expenses |
||||
|
|
|||
Pro forma net tangible book value as of March 31, 2023 |
$ | |||
|
|
After giving effect to (i) the Reorganization, (ii) the issuance and sale by us of shares of our Class A common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by us and assuming the exchange of all Class B units outstanding immediately following the completion of the Reorganization and this offering for shares of our Class A common stock as if such units were immediately exchangeable; and (iii) the application of such proceeds as described in the section entitled Use of Proceeds, our net tangible book value, our pro forma net tangible book value as of March 31, 2023 would have been $ million, or $ per share. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value of $ per share to existing equity holders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book value of $ per share to new investors.
The following table illustrates this dilution on a per share basis assuming the underwriters do not exercise their option to purchase additional shares:
Assumed initial public offering price per share |
$ | |||||||
Pro forma net tangible book value per share of Class A common stock as of March 31, 2023 |
$ | |||||||
Increase in pro forma net tangible book value per share attributable to new investors |
$ | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
Pro forma net tangible book value per share after the offering |
$ | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
Dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share to new investors |
$ | |||||||
|
|
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The information in the preceding table is based on an assumed offering price of $ per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. A $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed price per share would increase or decrease, respectively, the pro forma net tangible book value after this offering by approximately $ million and increase or decrease the dilution per share of Class A common stock to new investors in this offering by $ per share, in each case calculated as described above and assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same. Similarly, each increase or decrease of 1.0 million shares in the number of shares of our Class A common stock offered by us would increase or decrease, as applicable, our pro forma net tangible book value by approximately $ per share and increase or decrease, as applicable, the dilution to new investors in this offering by $ per share, assuming the assumed initial public offering price remains the same, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
If the underwriters purchase additional shares of common stock from us pursuant to the Representatives Warrants, the pro forma net tangible book value after the offering would be $ per share, the increase in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share to existing stockholders would be $ per share and the dilution in pro forma net tangible book value to new investors would be $ per share, in each case assuming an initial public offering price of $ per share, which is the midpoint of the price range listed on the cover page of this prospectus.
The following table summarizes, on the same pro forma basis as of March 31, 2023, the total number of shares of Class A common stock purchased from us, the total cash consideration paid to us and the average price per share paid by the existing equity holders and by new investors purchasing shares in this offering, assuming that all of the Class B unitholders exchanged their Class B units for shares of our Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis as if such units were immediately exchangeable.
Shares purchased(1)(3) | Total consideration(2) | Average price per share |
||||||||||||||||||
Number | % | Number | % | |||||||||||||||||
Existing stockholders |
% | % | ||||||||||||||||||
New investors |
% | % | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total |
100 | % | 100 | % |
(1) | If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full, our existing stockholders would own approximately % and our new investors would own approximately % of the total number of shares of our Class A common stock outstanding after this offering. |
(2) | If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full, the total consideration paid by our new investors would be approximately $ (or %). |
(3) | The number of shares of Class A common stock does not reflect shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Representatives Warrants. |
The above table does not include:
| shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares; |
| shares of Class A common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Representatives Warrants; |
| shares of Class A common stock issuable under the 2023 Plan (under which no equity awards have been granted as of March 31, 2023), including: |
| shares of Class A common stock underlying restricted stock units or other awards to be granted to certain employees and non-employee directors pursuant to the 2023 Plan immediately after the closing of this offering; and |
| additional shares of Class A common stock to be reserved for future issuance of awards under the 2023 Plan; and |
| shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance upon exchange of the Class B units of GEN LLC (and corresponding shares of Class B common stock) that will be outstanding immediately after this offering. |
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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION AND OTHER DATA
The following unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 gives pro forma effect to the Reorganization (see transactions described under Organizational Structure), the consummation of this offering and our intended use of proceeds therefrom after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and other costs of this offering, or collectively, the Transactions, as though such transactions had occurred as of March 31, 2023. The unaudited pro forma consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 present our consolidated results of operations giving pro forma effect to the transactions described above as if they had occurred as of January 1, 2023.
The pro forma adjustments are based on available information and upon assumptions that management believes are reasonable in order to reflect, on a pro forma basis, the effect of these transactions on the historical financial information of GEN Restaurant Group. The unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet and unaudited pro forma consolidated statements of operations may not be indicative of the results of operations or financial position that would have occurred had this offering and the related transactions taken place on the dates indicated, or that may be expected to occur in the future. The adjustments are described in the notes to the unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet and the unaudited pro forma consolidated statements of operations. The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information and other data should be read in conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
The pro forma adjustments in the Pro Forma Adjustments in the Reorganization and Pro Forma in the Offering Adjustments columns principally give effect to:
| the Reorganization as described in Organizational Structure; |
| the issuance of shares of our Class A common stock to the investors in this offering in exchange for net proceeds of approximately $ (based on an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions but before offering expenses; |
| the payment of fees and expenses related to this offering and the application of the net proceeds from the sale of Class A common stock in this offering to purchase Class A units directly from GEN LLC, at a purchase price per Class A unit equal to the initial public offering price per share of Class A common stock less the underwriting discount, with such Class A units representing % of the outstanding units of GEN LLC; |
| certain distributions made by companies within GEN Restaurant Group to their members after December 31, 2022 but prior to this offering; and |
| the provision for corporate income taxes on the income of GEN Inc. that will be taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes. |
Except as otherwise indicated, the unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information presented assumes no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock from us in the offering.
GEN Restaurant Group is considered our predecessor for accounting purposes, and its financial statements will be our historical financial statements following this offering.
GEN Inc. will enter into the Tax Receivable Agreement for the benefit of certain of the continuing members of GEN LLC (not including GEN Inc.), pursuant to which GEN Inc. will pay them 85% of the amount of the net cash tax savings, if any, that GEN Inc. realizes (or, under certain circumstances, is deemed to realize) as a result of (i) increases in tax basis (and utilization of certain other tax benefits) resulting from GEN Inc.s acquisition of a members GEN LLC units in future exchanges and (ii) any payments GEN Inc. makes under the Tax Receivable Agreement (including tax benefits related to imputed
66
interest). Generally, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be made to certain members of GEN LLC (not including GEN Inc.) pursuant to the terms of the Tax Receivable Agreement. Such payments will reduce the cash provided by the tax savings previously described that would otherwise have been available to GEN Inc. for other uses, including reinvestment or dividends to GEN Inc. Class A stockholders. See Organizational Structure and Certain Relationships and Related Person TransactionsTax Receivable Agreement.
We have not made any pro forma adjustments relating to reporting, compliance and investor relations costs that we will incur as a public company. No pro forma adjustments have been made for these additional expenses as an estimate of such expenses is not determinable.
The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information is included for informational purposes only. The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information should not be relied upon as being indicative of our results of operations or financial condition had the Transactions, including this offering, occurred on the dates assumed. The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information also does not project our results of operations or financial position for any future period or date. The unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of operations and balance sheet should be read in conjunction with the Risk Factors, Prospectus Summary Summary Historical Financial Information, Selected Historical Financial Information, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
As of December 31, 2022 (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share/unit amounts and share/unit data) |
GEN Restaurant Group |
Pro Forma Adjustments in the Reorganization |
Pro Forma in the Offering Adjustments |
Pro Forma GEN Inc. |
||||||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 11,195 | $ | 11,195 | ||||||||||||
Inventories |
2,542 | 2,542 | ||||||||||||||
Notes receivable from related party, current |
| | ||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
994 | 994 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current assets |
14,731 | 14,731 | ||||||||||||||
Equity method investment |
618 | 618 | ||||||||||||||
Property and equipment, net |
21,283 | 21,283 | ||||||||||||||
Operating lease assets |
90,713 | 90,713 | ||||||||||||||
Notes receivable from related party, net of current |
10,850 | 10,850 | ||||||||||||||
Deferred offering costs |
| | ||||||||||||||
Other assets |
683 | 683 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total assets |
138,878 | 138,878 | ||||||||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable |
7,474 | 7,474 | ||||||||||||||
Accrued salaries and benefits |
1,976 | 1,976 | ||||||||||||||
Accrued interest |
175 | 175 | ||||||||||||||
Notes payable - current |
624 | 624 | ||||||||||||||
Line of credit |
6,894 | 6,894 | ||||||||||||||
Notes payable to related parties - current |
3,021 | 3,021 | ||||||||||||||
Obligations under capital leases - current |
134 | 134 | ||||||||||||||
Operating lease liabilities |
4,096 | 4,096 | ||||||||||||||
Deferred Restaurant Revitalization Fund grant |
3,806 | 3,806 | ||||||||||||||
Advances from members |
4,442 | 4,442 | ||||||||||||||
Other current liabilities |
4,624 | 4,624 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
$ | 37,266 | $ | 37,266 |
67
As of March 31, 2023 (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share/unit amounts and share/unit data) |
GEN Restaurant Group |
Pro Forma Adjustments in the Reorganization |
Pro Forma in the Offering Adjustments |
Pro Forma GEN Inc. |
||||||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 9,775 | $ | 9,775 | ||||||||||||
Inventories |
1,344 | 1,344 | ||||||||||||||
Notes receivable from related party, current |
| | ||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
1,188 | 1,188 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current assets |
12,307 | 12,307 | ||||||||||||||
Equity method investment |
648 | 648 | ||||||||||||||
Property and equipment, net |
23,147 | 23,147 | ||||||||||||||
Operating lease assets |
89,600 | 89,600 | ||||||||||||||
Notes receivable from related party, net of current |
12,950 | 12,950 | ||||||||||||||
Deferred offering costs |
137 | 137 | ||||||||||||||
Other assets |
685 | 685 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total assets |
139,474 | 139,474 | ||||||||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable |
4,638 | 4,638 | ||||||||||||||
Accrued salaries and benefits |
833 | 833 | ||||||||||||||
Accrued interest |
199 | 199 | ||||||||||||||
Notes payable - current |
596 | 596 | ||||||||||||||
Line of credit |
6,741 | 6,741 | ||||||||||||||
Notes payable to related parties- current |
2,150 | 2,150 | ||||||||||||||
Obligations under capital leases- current |
133 | 133 | ||||||||||||||
Operating lease liabilities |
4,287 | 4,287 | ||||||||||||||
Deferred Restaurant Revitalization Fund grant |
3,806 | 3,806 | ||||||||||||||
Advances from members |
7,431 | 7,431 | ||||||||||||||
Other current liabilities |
4,878 | 4,878 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
35,692 | 35,692 | ||||||||||||||
Notes payable, net of current portion |
6,467 | 6,467 | ||||||||||||||
Notes payable to related parties, net of current |
1,221 | 1,221 | ||||||||||||||
Obligations under capital leases, net of current |
135 | 135 | ||||||||||||||
Operating lease liabilities, net of current |
99,748 | 99,748 | ||||||||||||||
Deferred rent expense, net of current |
| | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
143,263 | 143,263 | ||||||||||||||
Mezzanine equity |
||||||||||||||||
EB-5 members equity |
1,500 | 1,500 | ||||||||||||||
Permanent equity |
||||||||||||||||
Members equity (deficit) |
(8,936 | ) | (8,936 | ) | ||||||||||||
Non Controlling Interest |
3,647 | 3,647 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total permanent equity/(deficit) |
(5,289 | ) | (5,289 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total liabilities and equity (deficit) |
$ | 139,474 | $ | 139,474 |
68
As of March 31, 2023 (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share/unit amounts and share/unit data) |
GEN Restaurant Group |
Pro Forma Adjustments in the Reorganization |
Pro Forma in the Offering Adjustments |
Pro Forma GEN Inc. |
||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 43,862 | $ | 43,862 | ||||||||||||
Restaurant operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||||
Food cost |
14,305 | 14,305 | ||||||||||||||
Payroll and benefits |
13,652 | 13,652 | ||||||||||||||
Occupancy expenses |
3,432 | 3,432 | ||||||||||||||
Operating expenses |
4,126 | 4,126 | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,113 | 1,113 | ||||||||||||||
Pre-opening Costs |
519 | 519 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total restaurant operating expenses |
37,147 | 37,147 | ||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
2,055 | 2,055 | ||||||||||||||
Consulting fees - related party |
880 | 880 | ||||||||||||||
Management fees |
588 | 588 | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization - corporate |
18 | 18 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total costs and expenses |
40,688 | 40,688 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Income from operations |
3,174 | 3,174 | ||||||||||||||
Gain on extinguishment of PPP debt |
| | ||||||||||||||
Restaurant revitalization fund grant |
| | ||||||||||||||
Employee retention credits |
1,165 | 1,165 | ||||||||||||||
Aborted deferred IPO costs written off |
| | ||||||||||||||
Other income (expenses) |
| | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net |
(189 | ) | (189 | ) | ||||||||||||
Equity in income of equity method investee |
381 | 381 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net income |
4,531 | 4,531 | ||||||||||||||
Less: Net Income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
397 | 397 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net income attributable to GEN Restaurant Group |
$ | 4,134 | $ | 4,134 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
In accordance with the rules of Article 11 of Regulation S-X, the following adjustments were made:
Upon completion of the transaction, and being a publicly traded company, the following adjustments to Operations are anticipated: (i) An increase in general and administrative costs for an additional $6.8 million on an annual basis in corporate structure and compliance costs, (ii) a reduction of Consulting fees - related party of $0.9 million, and (iii) the elimination of management fees that will not be incurred.
69
SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The following table sets forth selected financial information and other data of GEN Restaurant Group on a historical basis. GEN Restaurant Group is considered our predecessor for accounting purposes and its financial statements will be our historical financial statements following this offering. The following summary historical statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 and the selected balance sheet data as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 have been derived from GEN Restaurant Groups audited financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We have derived the statements of operations data for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 and the balance sheet data as of March 31, 2023 from our unaudited interim financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our historical results and growth rates are not necessarily indicative of results or growth rates to be expected in future periods.
You should read the following information in conjunction with Capitalization, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions and our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Three months ended March 31, | Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) |
2023 | 2022 | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||||||||
(unaudited) | (restated) | |||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 43,862 | $ | 38,252 | $ | 163,729 | $ | 140,561 | ||||||||
Restaurant operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||||
Food cost |
14,305 | 12,899 | 54,357 | 44,688 | ||||||||||||
Payroll and benefits |
13,652 | 11,299 | 48,866 | 40,710 | ||||||||||||
Occupancy expenses |
3,432 | 2,702 | 12,110 | 10,151 | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses |
4,126 | 3,284 | 15,019 | 12,533 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,113 | 1,055 | 4,314 | 4,337 | ||||||||||||
Pre-opening Costs |
519 | 158 | 1,455 | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total restaurant operating expenses |
37,147 | 31,397 | 136,121 | 112,419 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative |
2,055 | 1,764 | 7,988 | 4,882 | ||||||||||||
Consulting fees - related party |
880 | 2,077 | 4,897 | 4,269 | ||||||||||||
Management fees |
588 | 535 | 2,332 | 2,280 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization - corporate |
18 | 7 | 39 | 26 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total costs and expenses |
40,688 | 35,780 | 151,377 | 123,876 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Income from operations |
3,174 | 2,472 | 12,352 | 16,685 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Gain on extinguishment of PPP debt |
| 387 | 387 | 22,285 | ||||||||||||
Restaurant revitalization fund grant |
| | | 12,963 | ||||||||||||
Employee retention credits |
1,165 | 45 | 3,532 | | ||||||||||||
Aborted deferred IPO costs written off |
| | (4,036 | ) | | |||||||||||
Other income (expenses) |
| | (835 | ) | 22 | |||||||||||
Interest expense, net |
(189 | ) | (82 | ) | (634 | ) | (197 | ) | ||||||||
Equity in income of equity method investee |
381 | 540 | 966 | 1,086 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net income |
4,531 | 3,362 | 11,732 | 52,844 | ||||||||||||
Less: Net Income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
397 | 373 | 1,451 | 2,985 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net income attributable to GEN Restaurant Group |
$ | 4,134 | $ | 2,989 | $ | 10,281 | $ | 49,859 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(amounts in thousands) |
Three months ended March 31, | Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||
Combined Selected Balance Sheet Data: |
2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||
(unaudited) | (restated) | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 9,775 | $ | 11,195 | $ | 9,890 | ||||||
Total assets |
139,474 | 138,878 | 53,836 | |||||||||
Total liabilities |
143,263 | 144,139 | 41,643 | |||||||||
Total permanent equity (deficit) |
(5,289 | ) | (6,761 | ) | 10,693 |
70
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following managements discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the section entitled Selected Financial Data and Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information and Other Data and the financial statements of GEN Restaurant Group and the related notes included within this prospectus. The historical financial data discussed below reflect the historical results of operations and financial position of GEN Restaurant Group. The financial statements of GEN Restaurant Group, our predecessor for accounting purposes, will be our historical financial statements following this offering. The historical financial data discussed below relate to periods prior to the Reorganization described in Organizational Structure and do not give effect to pro forma adjustments. As a result, the following discussion does not reflect the significant effects that such events will have on us. See Organizational Structure and Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information and Other Data for more information.
This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties which could cause our actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, risks and uncertainties discussed under the heading Forward-Looking Statements, Risk Factors and elsewhere in this prospectus. Additionally, our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any period in the future.
Overview
GEN Restaurant Group is an Asian casual dining restaurant concept that offers an extensive menu of traditional Korean and Korean-American food, including high-quality meats, poultry, and seafood, all at a superior value. Founded in 2011 by two Korean immigrants, we have grown over the last eleven years to 32 company-owned restaurants located in California, Arizona, Hawaii, Nevada, Texas and New York. Our restaurants have modern décor, lively Korean pop music playing in the background and embedded grills in the center of each table. We believe we offer our customers a unique dining experience in which guests cook the majority of the food themselves, reducing the need for chefs and servers and providing a similar customer experience across the restaurants.
We expect to continue growing our number of restaurants in the future. Our new restaurants have historically generated average Payback Periods of approximately 1.4 years. Restaurants range in size from 4.7 thousand to 12 thousand square feet, and are typically located in high-activity commercial areas.
Business Trends; Effects of COVID-19 on Our Business
Following the success of our initial restaurant that opened in 2011 in Tustin, California, we opened more restaurants in Southern California and tested the portability of the concept by opening restaurants in other markets. We opened four new restaurants in both 2018 and 2019, expanding into new markets and within existing markets that had produced strong positive results. Revenue in 2019 of $113.9 million and net income in 2019 of $7.0 million reflected the profitability of the 28 restaurants we had opened. However, expansion in 2020 and 2021 was put on hold due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, and temporary restaurant closures and capacity constraints were required by governmental authorities. Revenue in 2021 of $140.6 million and net income attributable to GEN Restaurant Group in 2021 of $49.9 million reflects the Companys swift recovery from the global pandemic, as discussed below.
The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact upon our business. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel strain of coronavirus COVID-19 to be a global pandemic. This contagious virus has adversely affected workforces, customers, economies and financial markets globally. In response to this outbreak, many state and local authorities mandated the temporary closure of non-essential businesses and dine-in restaurant activity. COVID-19 and the government measures taken to control it have caused a significant disruption to our business operations. On March 17, 2020, we announced the temporary closure of all of our
71
restaurants. Within one week, we modified operations at 15 locations to add take-out only service. As restrictions were lifted over the next few months, we were able to gradually reopen more restaurants at reduced indoor dining capacities and we also started offering outdoor dining at certain locations.
To support our employees during this challenging time, we continued paying normal payrolls to all employees through April 5, 2020 and to all kitchen employees through May 9, 2020. After those dates, we furloughed most employees but continued to pay store managers and key kitchen staff throughout the periods when their respective restaurants were temporarily closed. We also continued to pay the employee portion of all furloughed employees health insurance through July 31, 2020. As our restaurants reopened with expanding capacities during late spring and summer of 2020, we were able to invite back many of our furloughed employees.
In response to the ongoing pandemic, we prioritized actions to protect the health and safety of our employees and customers. We increased cleaning and sanitizing protocols in our restaurants and implemented additional training and operational manuals for our restaurant employees, as well as increased handwashing procedures. We provided each restaurant employee with face masks and gloves, and required each employee to pass a health screening process, which included a temperature check, before the start of each shift.
The temporary restaurant closures and the reduced capacities at the reopened restaurants caused a substantial decline in our sales. In light of the challenges posed by the pandemic, we focused on maximizing our restaurant dining capacity by adding temporary outdoor dining at certain locations. Beyond prioritizing actions to help assure a safe environment for our employees and customers, we worked hard to maintain our operational efficiencies as much as possible to preserve our liquidity.
Although we temporarily paused our new restaurant opening plans during the pandemic, our long-term growth strategy is to continue to open new restaurants in locations that we believe will achieve profitability levels consistent with our pre-pandemic experience. During 2022, we opened three new restaurants and we have nine new restaurant locations with leases that have been signed. These locations are in Kapolei, Hawaii, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Chandler, Arizona, Westheimer, Texas, Seattle, Washington, Jacksonville, Florida, Dallas, Texas, Maui, Hawaii and Cerritos, California (at which we opened a new restaurant on April 4, 2023). We currently expect to open six or seven additional locations during the rest of 2023. Future sales and profitability levels of our restaurants and our ability to successfully implement our growth strategy in the near term, however, remain uncertain, as the full impact and duration of the pandemic continues to evolve as of the date of this prospectus.
Recent Events Concerning Our Financial Position
During 2020, we entered into various agreements with Pacific City Bank, which provided for loans in the amount of $9.5 million, or the 2020 PPP Loans, and $0.9 million in Economic Injury Disaster Loans, or the EIDL Loans, pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program under the CARES Act, signed into law on March 27, 2020. By the end of 2021, we had received loan forgiveness on the 2020 PPP Loans in the amount of $9.2 million, and recorded the amount of the forgiven balances in Gain on extinguishment of debt in 2021.
During 2021, we also entered into several additional Paycheck Protection Program, or PPP, agreements, which provided for an additional aggregate loan in the amount of $13.5 million, or the 2021 PPP Loans, and together with the 2020 PPP Loans, the PPP Loans, as of October 6, 2021. During the month of December 2021, we received notices of loan forgiveness related to the 2021 PPP Loans that totaled $13.1 million. In addition, we have received approximately $16.8 million in Restaurant Revitalization Fund grants. These grants were recognized as income as the money was spent, with $13.0 million recorded as income as of December 31, 2021, and $3.8 million was deferred as of December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023. During 2022, we received notices of forgiveness of $0.4 million related to the 2021 PPP Loans and recorded it as a Gain on extinguishment of debt in 2022. The remaining unforgiven PPP Loan balance of $0.3 million was repaid in 2022. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, we received $2.6 million and $1.3 million, respectively, in additional EIDL loans. There are no additional EIDL loans expected.
During 2022, we entered into a new line of credit for $8.0 million with Pacific City Bank with the funds used to pay off related party loans payable. The line of credit matures in September 2023. The line of credit outstanding balance at March 31, 2023 was $6.7 million.
72
We assessed our long-lived assets for potential impairment with the result that no impairment charges were recorded in any of the periods presented.
Key Performance Indicators
In assessing the performance of our business, we consider a variety of financial and performance measures. The key measures for determining how our business is performing include Net Income Margin, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA, Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Average Unit Volumes, comparable restaurant sales growth, the number of restaurant openings and revenue per square foot.
Net Income Margin
Net Income Margin is net income measured under GAAP divided by revenue.
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin
Adjusted EBITDA represents net income (loss) excluding interest expense, net, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and consulting fees paid to a related party, and we also exclude non-recurring items, such as gain on extinguishment of debt, Restaurant Revitalization Fund, or RRF, grants, Employee retention credits, litigation accruals, aborted deferred IPO costs written off and non-cash lease expense. Adjusted EBITDA Margin is defined as Adjusted EBITDA divided by revenue. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are non-GAAP measures intended as supplemental measures of our performance and are neither required by, nor presented in accordance with, GAAP. For a discussion of why we consider these measures to be useful and their material risks and limitations, see Non-GAAP Financial Measures.
Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin
Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA is Income (loss) from operations plus adjustments to add-back the following expenses: depreciation and amortization, pre-opening costs, general and administrative expenses, related party consulting fees, management fees and non-cash lease expense. Non-cash items such as charges for asset impairments and asset disposals are not included in Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA. Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin is the calculation of Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA divided by revenue. For a discussion of why we consider these measures to be useful and their material risks and limitations, see Non-GAAP Financial Measures.
Average Unit Volume
Average Unit Volume or AUV means the average annual restaurant sales for all restaurants open for a full 18 months before the end of the period measured. AUV is calculated by dividing (x) annual revenue for the year presented for all such restaurants by (y) the total number of restaurants in that base. This measurement allows management to assess changes in consumer spending patterns at our restaurants and the overall performance of our restaurant base.
The following table shows the AUV for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023 and the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:
Twelve months ended March 31, | Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||
2023 | 2022 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | (unaudited) | (as restated) | ||||||||||||||
Average Unit Volume |
$ | 5,960 | $ | 5,848 | $ | 5,900 | $ | 5,282 |
Comparable Restaurant Sales Growth
Comparable restaurant sales growth refers to the change in year-over-year sales for the comparable restaurant base. We include restaurants in the comparable restaurant base that have been in operation for at least 18 full months prior to the accounting period presented. Once a restaurant has been open 18 full months, it must
73
have had continuous operations during both the current period and the prior year period being measured to remain a comparable restaurant. If operations were to be substantially impacted by unusual events that closed the location or significantly changed its capacity, that location is excluded from the comparable sales calculation until it has been operating continuously under normal conditions for both the current period and the prior year comparison period. Given capacity limitations caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, our restaurants were not comparable until after the first quarter of 2022, and therefore comparable restaurant sales growth can only be measured for the periods beginning after the first quarter of 2022. See Risk FactorsOther Commercial, Operational, Financial and Regulatory RisksWe face intense competition, and if we are unable to continue to compete effectively in the restaurant industry in general and, in particular, within the dining segments of the restaurant industry in which we compete, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected.
Twelve months ended March 31, | ||||||||
2023 | 2022 | |||||||
Comparable restaurant sales growth (%) |
1.9 | % | N/A | |||||
Comparable restaurant base |
28 | N/A |
Since opening new restaurants will be a significant component of our sales growth, comparable restaurant sales growth is only one measure of how we evaluate our performance.
Number of Restaurant Openings
The number of restaurant openings reflects the number of restaurants opened during a particular reporting period. Before we open new restaurants, we incur pre-opening costs. New restaurants may not be profitable, and their sales performance may not follow historical patterns. The number and timing of restaurant openings has had, and is expected to continue to have, an impact on our results of operations. We temporarily stopped opening new restaurants in 2021 and 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but began openings again in 2022. The following table shows the change in our restaurant base for three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:
Three months ended | Years ended | |||||||||||||||
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||
2023 | 2022 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
Restaurant activity |
||||||||||||||||
Beginning of period |
31 | 28 | 28 | 28 | ||||||||||||
Openings |
0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||
Closings |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
End of period |
31 | 28 | 31 | 28 |
Revenue Per Square Foot
Revenue per square foot means the annual restaurant sales for all restaurants opened a full 18 months before the end of the period measured divided by the average square footage of such restaurants. This measurement allows management to assess the effectiveness of our approach to real estate selection and the overall performance of our restaurant base. The following table shows the revenue per square foot for the twelve month periods ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:
Twelve months ended | Years Ended | |||||||||||||||
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||
2023 | 2022 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
Revenue per square foot |
$ | 899 | $ | 882 | $ | 890 | $ | 797 |
74
Components of Results of Operations
Revenues. Revenues represent sales of food and beverages in restaurants and, to a minor extent, through our online portal. Restaurant revenues in a given period are directly impacted by the number of restaurants we operate, menu pricing, the number of customers visiting and comparable restaurant sales growth.
Food costs. Food costs are variable in nature, change with sales volume and are influenced by menu mix and subject to increases or decreases based upon fluctuations in commodity costs. Another important factor causing fluctuations in food costs includes restaurant management of food waste. Food costs are a substantial expense and are expected to grow proportionally as our sales grow.
Payroll and benefits. Payroll and benefits include all restaurant-level management and hourly labor costs, including wages, employee benefits and payroll taxes. Similar to the food costs that we incur, labor and related expenses at our restaurants are expected to grow proportionally as our sales grow. Factors that influence fluctuations in our labor and related expenses include the volume of sales at our restaurants, minimum wage and payroll tax legislation, payroll rate increases due to labor shortages or inflationary pressures, the frequency and severity of workers compensation claims, and healthcare costs.
Occupancy expenses. Occupancy expenses include rent, common area maintenance and taxes for all restaurant locations, but excludes any related pre-opening costs.
Operating expenses. Operating expenses include supplies, utilities, repairs and maintenance, and other costs incurred directly at the restaurant level.
Depreciation and amortization expenses. Depreciation and amortization expenses are periodic non-cash charges at our restaurants that consist of depreciation of fixed assets, including equipment, software and capitalized leasehold improvements. Depreciation is determined using the straight-line method over the assets estimated useful lives, ranging from five to ten years.
Pre-opening costs. Pre-opening costs include pre-opening period rent, maintenance, taxes, payroll and benefits costs, advertising and other expenses directly incurred by the new restaurant until the date of the restaurant opening.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses include expenses associated with corporate management supervisory functions that support the operations of existing restaurants and development of new restaurants, including compensation and benefits, travel expenses, legal and professional fees, marketing costs, information systems, corporate office rent and other related corporate costs. General and administrative expenses are expected to grow as our sales grow, including incremental legal, accounting, insurance and other expenses incurred as a public company including becoming compliant with the requirements of Sarbanes-Oxley and addressing our internal control weaknesses through implementing new accounting systems and hiring additional staff.
Consulting fees related party. Consulting fees include expenses paid to a related party entity, which provides for annual fees of up to 25% of gross revenue in exchange for various consulting services. The related party is 100% owned by an executive officer, the services are for 19 of the restaurants, and such consulting fees are only paid to the extent we have adequate resources. Following this offering, these consulting fees will be eliminated within three months as services are transitioned to us, although corporate general and administrative expenses are expected to increase correspondingly.
Management fees. Management fees include expenses paid to a third-party entity, which provides fixed fees for 11 restaurants and a percentage of gross revenue for one restaurant in exchange for management services. Following this offering, management fees will be phased out over three months, although corporate general and administrative expenses are expected to increase correspondingly.
75
Depreciation and amortization - corporate. These are periodic non-cash charges at the corporate level that consist of depreciation of fixed assets, including equipment, information systems software and capitalized leasehold improvements, if any. Depreciation is determined using the straight-line method over the assets estimated useful lives, ranging from five to seven years.
Gain on extinguishment of debt. During 2021, we received loan forgiveness from the SBA related to the 2020 PPP Loans in the amount of $9.2 million and entered into the 2021 PPP Loans, which provided for an additional aggregate loan amount of $13.5 million. We received notices of loan forgiveness in the amount of $13.1 million in December 2021 and $0.4 million in January 2022 related to the 2021 PPP Loans. We recorded both sets of loan forgiveness as Gain on extinguishment of debt in 2021 and 2022 and do not anticipate receiving additional funds as the program has not been extended under the CARES Act.
Restaurant revitalization fund grant. During 2021, we received $16.8 million under the Restaurant Revitalization Fund, of which $13.0 million was recognized in income and $3.8 million was deferred as of December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023. We do not anticipate receiving additional funds under this program.
Employee retention credits. Employee retention credits include refundable credits recognized under the provisions of the CARES Act and extension thereof. During the year ended December 31, 2022 and the three months ended March 31, 2023, $3.5 million and $1.2 million, respectively, of these credits were received and recorded.
Aborted deferred IPO costs written off. Costs related to an aborted IPO consist of direct and incremental costs such as accounting, consulting, legal and printing fees that were incurred in connection with an IPO process in which we had planned to register and quote our Common Stock, which we did not complete in 2022 due to market conditions.
Other income (expenses). Other income (expenses) consists of legal accruals and other miscellaneous items.
Interest expense, net. Interest expense includes cash and non-cash charges related to our debt outstanding and finance lease obligations. Interest income reflects income earned on our investments and notes receivable.
Equity in income of equity method investee. Equity in income of equity method investee reflects our 50% ownership in a restaurant located in Hawaii which is accounted for using the equity method.
76
Results of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022
The following table presents selected comparative results of operations for the three month periods ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022. Our financial results for these periods are not necessarily indicative of the financial results that we will achieve in future periods. Certain totals for the table below may not sum to 100% due to rounding.
Three months ended March 31, | Increase/(decrease) | |||||||||||||||
(amounts in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | Amount | % | ||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 43,862 | $ | 38,252 | $ | 5,610 | 14.7 | % | ||||||||
Restaurant operating expenses: |
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Food cost |
14,305 | 12,899 | 1,406 | 10.9 | % | |||||||||||
Payroll and benefits |
13,652 | 11,299 | 2,353 | 20.8 | % | |||||||||||
Occupancy expenses |
3,432 | 2,702 | 730 | 27.0 | % | |||||||||||
Operating expenses |
4,126 | 3,284 | 842 | 25.6 | % | |||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,113 | 1,055 | 58 | 5.5 | % | |||||||||||
Pre-opening Costs |
519 | 158 | 361 | 228.5 | % | |||||||||||
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Total restaurant operating expenses |
37,147 | 31,397 | 5,750 | 18.3 | % | |||||||||||
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General and administrative |
2,055 | 1,764 | 291 | 16.5 | % | |||||||||||
Consulting fees - related party |
880 | 2,077 | (1,197 | ) | -57.6 | % | ||||||||||
Management fees |
588 | 535 | 53 | 9.9 | % | |||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization - corporate |
18 | 7 | 11 | 157.1 | % | |||||||||||
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Total costs and expenses |
40,688 | 35,780 | 4,908 | 13.7 | % | |||||||||||
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Income from operations |
3,174 | 2,472 | 702 | 28.4 | % | |||||||||||
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Gain on extinguishment of PPP debt |
| 387 | (387 | ) | -100.0 | % | ||||||||||
Employee retention credits |
1,165 | 45 | 1,120 | 2488.9 | % | |||||||||||
Interest expense, net |
(189 | ) | (82 | ) | (107 | ) | 130.5 | % | ||||||||
Equity in income of equity method investee |
381 | 540 | 159 | 29.4 | % | |||||||||||
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Net income |
4,531 | 3,362 | 1,169 | 34.8 | % | |||||||||||
Net Income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
397 | 373 | 24 | 6.4 | % | |||||||||||
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Net income attributable to GEN Restaurant Group |
$ | 4,134 | $ | 2,989 | $ | 1,145 | 38.3 | % | ||||||||
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% of Revenue | ||||||||
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||||
(in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||
Revenue |
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||
Restaurant operating expenses: |
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Food cost |
32.6 | % | 33.7 | % | ||||
Payroll and benefits |
31.1 | % | 29.5 | % | ||||
Occupancy expenses |
7.8 | % | 7.1 | % | ||||
Operating expenses |
9.4 | % | 8.6 | % | ||||
Depreciation and amortization |
2.5 | % | 2.8 | % | ||||
Pre-opening Costs |
1.2 | % | 0.4 | % | ||||
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Total restaurant operating expenses |
84.7 | % | 82.1 | % | ||||
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General and administrative |
4.7 | % | 4.6 | % | ||||
Consulting fees - related party |
2.0 | % | 5.4 | % | ||||
Management fees |
1.3 | % | 1.4 | % | ||||
Depreciation and amortization - corporate |
0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||
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Total costs and expenses |
92.8 | % | 93.5 | % | ||||
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Income from operations |
7.2 | % | 6.5 | % | ||||
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Gain on extinguishment of PPP debt |
0.0 | % | 1.0 | % | ||||
Employee retention credits |
2.7 | % | 0.1 | % | ||||
Interest expense, net |
-0.4 | % | -0.2 | % | ||||
Equity in income of equity method investee |
0.9 | % | 1.4 | % | ||||
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Net income |
10.3 | % | 8.8 | % | ||||
Net Income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
0.9 | % | 1.0 | % | ||||
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Net income attributable to GEN Restaurant Group |
9.4 | % | 7.8 | % | ||||
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Revenues. Revenues were $43.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $38.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, an increase of $5.6 million, or 14.7%. This reflects sales increases at comparable stores due largely to price increases in lunch and dinner menus in late 2022, as well as having three more restaurants open in the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Food costs. Food costs were $14.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $12.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, an increase of $1.4 million, or 10.9%. The increase in food costs reflects the higher sales from new and existing restaurants and inflationary cost increases. As a percentage of revenue, food costs declined from 33.7% to 32.6%.
Payroll and benefits. Payroll and benefits costs were $13.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $11.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, an increase of $2.4 million, or 20.8%. The increase in payroll and benefits costs reflects the staffing needed to support the higher customer volumes from new and existing restaurants as well as inflationary payroll increases. As a percentage of revenue, payroll and benefits costs increased from 29.5% to 31.1%.
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Occupancy expenses. Occupancy expenses were $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $2.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, an increase of $0.7 million, or 27.0%. The increase in occupancy expenses reflects the addition of three new locations, two of which were in higher rent geographies. As a percentage of revenue, occupancy expenses were 7.8% in the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 7.1% in the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Operating expenses. Operating expenses were $4.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $3.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, an increase of $0.8 million, or 25.6%, as expenses increased to support the revenue growth and reflected inflationary cost increases. As a percentage of revenue, operating expenses were 9.4% in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 8.6% in the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Depreciation and amortization expenses. Depreciation and amortization expenses were $1.1 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. As a percentage of revenue, depreciation and amortization expenses at the restaurant-level were 2.5% during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2.8% during the three months ended March 31, 2022, with the decline due to increased revenue.
Pre-opening costs. Pre-opening costs were $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $0.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022. This increase was due to costs incurred to build and staff new restaurants as we restarted the development pipeline for new restaurants.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses were $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, an increase of $0.3 million, or 16.5%. The increase is largely due to hiring employees to support higher restaurant volume and new restaurant development. As a percentage of revenue, general and administrative expenses increased from 4.6% to 4.7%.
Consulting fees - related party. Consulting fees were $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, a decrease of $1.2 million or 57.6%. This reflects payments of up to 25% of gross revenue in exchange for various consulting services for 19 of our restaurants currently owned by David Kim, who chose to lower his fees well below the 25% cap in the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Management Fees. Management fees were $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. This includes expenses paid to a third-party entity, which consist of fixed fees for eleven restaurants and a percentage of gross revenue for one restaurant in exchange for management services. The 12 restaurants for which management fees were paid are currently owned by Jae Chang.
Gain on extinguishment of debt. During three months ended March 31, 2022, we received loan forgiveness from the SBA related to the 2021 PPP Loans in the amount of $0.4 million. We do not anticipate receiving additional funds under this program.
Employee retention credits. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we received employee retention credits from the IRS in the amount of $1.2 million compared to $45 thousand in the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company expects to receive additional credits of $1.7 million under this program.
Interest expense, net. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, Interest expense, net was $189 thousand compared to $82 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in net interest expense was primarily due to the line of credit entered into with Pacific City Bank in March 2022.
79
Equity in income of equity method investee. Equity in income of equity method investee was a gain of $0.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $0.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin
Adjusted EBITDA represents net income (loss) excluding interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and we also exclude non-recurring items, such as gain on extinguishment of debt, Restaurant Revitalization Fund, or RRF, grants, consulting fees paid to a related party, Employee retention credits, litigation accruals, aborted deferred IPO costs written off and non-cash lease expense. Adjusted EBITDA Margin is defined as Adjusted EBITDA divided by revenue. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are non-GAAP measures intended as supplemental measures of our performance and are neither required by, nor presented in accordance with, GAAP. For a discussion of why we consider these measures to be useful and their material risks and limitations, see Non-GAAP Financial Measures.
The following table reconciles net income to Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 and the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:
(amounts in thousands) |
Three months ended March 31, | Years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||
2023 | 2022 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | (as restated) | |||||||||||||||
EBITDA: |
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Net income attributable to GEN Restaurant Group |
$ | 4,134 | $ | 2,989 | $ | 10,281 | $ | 49,859 | ||||||||
Net Income Margin |
9.4% | 7.8% | 6.3% | 35.5% | ||||||||||||
Interest (income) expense, net |
189 | 82 | 634 | 197 | ||||||||||||
Taxes |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,131 | 1,062 | 4,353 | 4,363 | ||||||||||||
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EBITDA |
$ | 5,454 | $ | 4,133 | $ | 15,268 | $ | 54,419 | ||||||||
EBITDA Margin |
12.4% | 10.8% | 9.3% | 38.7% | ||||||||||||
Adjustments to EBITDA: |
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EBITDA |
$ | 5,454 | $ | 4,133 | $ | 15,268 | $ | 54,419 | ||||||||
Gain on extinguishment of debt (1) |
| (387 | ) | (387 | ) | (22,285 | ) | |||||||||
Restaurant revitalization fund grant (2) |
| | | (12,963 | ) | |||||||||||
Consulting fees - related party (3) |
880 | 2,077 | 4,897 | 4,269 | ||||||||||||
Employee retention credits (4) |
(1,165 | ) | (45 | ) | (3,532 | ) | | |||||||||
Litigation accrual (5) |
| | 869 | | ||||||||||||
Aborted deferred IPO costs written off (6) |
| | 4,036 | | ||||||||||||
Non-cash lease expense (7) |
60 | 50 | 261 | 1,578 | ||||||||||||
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Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 5,229 | $ | 5,828 | $ | 21,412 | $ | 25,018 | ||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA Margin |
11.9% | 15.2% | 13.1% | 17.8% |
(1) | Gain on extinguishment of debt: During 2021, we received loan forgiveness from the SBA of $9.2 million related to the 2020 PPP Loans and loan forgiveness of an additional $13.1 million related to the 2021 PPP Loans. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we received additional loan forgiveness from the SBA related to the 2021 PPP Loans in the amount of $0.4 million. We do not anticipate receiving additional funds as the program has not been extended under the CARES Act. |
80
(2) | Restaurant Revitalization Fund grant: During 2021, we received $16.8 million under the Restaurant Revitalization Fund, of which $13.0 million was recognized as income as eligible expenses were already incurred in 2021 and $3.8 million was deferred as of December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023. |
(3) | Consulting feesrelated party: We do not anticipate these costs being incurred after completion of the offering. |
(4) | Employee retention credits: These are refundable credits recognized under the provisions of the CARES Act. |
(5) | Litigation accruals: This is an accrual in 2022 related to a specific, one-time, litigation claim. See Note 11Commitments and Contingencies to the financial statements included in this prospectus. |
(6) | Aborted deferred IPO costs written off: This includes all of costs incurred leading up to the cancellation, due to market conditions, of the IPO intended for 2022. |
(7) | Non-cash lease expense: This reflects the extent to which lease expense is greater than or less than contractual rent. |
Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin
We believe that Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin provide useful information to management and investors regarding certain financial and business trends relating to our financial condition and operating results, as this measure depicts normal, recurring cash operating expenses essential to supporting the operations of our restaurants. We expect Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA to increase in proportion to the number of new restaurants we open and with our comparable restaurant sales growth.
However, you should be aware that Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin are financial measures which are not indicative of overall results for our company, and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin do not accrue directly to the benefit of stockholders because of corporate-level and non-cash expenses excluded from such measures.
The following table reconciles revenue to Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 and for the years ended December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021:
(amounts in thousands) |
Three months ended March 31, | Years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||
2023 | 2022 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | (as restated) | |||||||||||||||
Income from operations |
$ | 3,174 | $ | 2,472 | $ | 12,352 | $ | 16,685 | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,131 | 1,062 | 4,353 | 4,364 | ||||||||||||
Pre-opening costs |
519 | 158 | 1,455 | | ||||||||||||
General and administrative |
2,055 | 1,764 | 7,988 | 4,882 | ||||||||||||
Consulting fees - related party |
880 | 2,077 | 4,897 | 4,269 | ||||||||||||
Management Fees |
588 | 535 | 2,332 | 2,280 | ||||||||||||
Non-cash lease expense |
60 | 50 | 261 | 1,578 | ||||||||||||
Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 8,407 | $ | 8,118 | $ | 33,638 | $ | 34,057 | ||||||||
Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin |
19.2% | 21.2% | 20.5% | 24.2% |
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Our presentation of these measures should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Our computation of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies, because all companies may not calculate Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin in the same fashion. These non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP.
Quarterly Results of Operations
The following tables summarize our selected unaudited quarterly statements of operations data for each of the twelve fiscal quarters presented below. The information for each of these quarters has been prepared on a basis consistent with our audited financial statements and, in the opinion of management, includes all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature that are necessary for the fair statement of the results of operations for these periods in accordance with GAAP. The data should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future period.
Three months ended (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in thousands) | 03/31/20 | 06/30/20 | 09/30/20 | 12/31/20 | 03/31/21 | 06/30/21 | 09/30/21 | 12/31/21 | 03/31/22 | 06/30/22 | 09/30/22 | 12/31/22 | 03/31/23 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 24,778 | $ | 8,551 | $ | 11,928 | $ | 17,402 | $ | 22,301 | $ | 39,674 | $ | 40,057 | $ | 38,530 | $ | 38,252 | $ | 42,209 | $ | 42,419 | $ | 40,849 | $ | 43,862 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restaurant Operating Expenses: |
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Food costs |
8,036 | 3,279 | 3,979 | 5,424 | 6,818 | 12,389 | 12,732 | 12,749 | 12,899 | 14,115 | 13,954 | 13,389 | 14,305 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Payroll & benefits |
8,219 | 3,210 | 4,092 | 5,297 | 6,734 | 11,419 | 11,209 | 11,347 | 11,299 | 12,180 | 12,649 | 12,738 | 13,652 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Occupancy expenses |
2,195 | 2,129 | 2,042 | 1,597 | 2,399 | 2,394 | 2,626 | 2,732 | 2,702 | 3,181 | 3,168 | 3,058 | 3,432 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses |
2,515 | 1,342 | 1,809 | 2,508 | 2,341 | 3,382 | 3,253 | 3,556 | 3,284 | 3,735 | 4,159 | 3,841 | 4,126 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation & amortization |
1,138 | 1,137 | 1,123 | 1,128 | 1,079 | 1,066 | 1,051 | 1,141 | 1,055 | 1,084 | 1,095 | 1,080 | 1,113 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pre-opening costs |
| | | | | | | | 158 | 379 | 437 | 480 | 519 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total restaurant operating expenses |
22,102 | 11,096 | 13,044 | 15,954 | 19,372 | 30,650 | 30,871 | 31,525 | 31,398 | 34,673 | 35,462 | 34,586 | 37,147 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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General & administrative |
1,201 | 836 | 971 | 913 | 825 | 964 | 1,422 | 1,671 | 1,764 | 1,766 | 2,191 | 2,267 | 2,055 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consulting fees - related party |
1,191 | 1,275 | 560 | 525 | 684 | 236 | 1,287 | 2,063 | 2,077 | 1,500 | 1,320 | 0 | 880 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Management fees |
544 | 110 | 220 | 546 | 565 | 634 | 546 | 534 | 535 | 623 | 588 | 587 | 588 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation & amortization - corporate |
7 | 7 | 7 | (6 | ) | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 16 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total costs and expenses |
25,046 | 13,324 | 14,802 | 17,931 | 21,452 | 32,490 | 34,133 | 35,799 | 35,781 | 38,570 | 39,570 | 37,456 | 40,688 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Income (loss) from operation |
(268 | ) | (4,773 | ) | (2,874 | ) | (529 | ) | 848 | 7,183 | 5,924 | 2,730 | 2,472 | 3,639 | 2,849 | 3,393 | 3,174 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain on extinguishment of debt |
| | | | | 5,628 | 3,533 | 13,123 | 387 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restaurant revitalization fund grant |
| | | | | 9,326 | 3,637 | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee retention credits |
| | | | | | | | 45 | 2,473 | 64 | 949 | 1,165 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aborted deferred IPO costs written off |
| | | | | | | | | | | (4,036 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (expenses) |
27 | 19 | 0 | 125 | | 10 | 9 | 3 | | (848 | ) | (6 | ) | 20 | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net |
(194 | ) | (132 | ) | (150 | ) | (178 | ) | (149 | ) | (105 | ) | (81 | ) | 138 | (82 | ) | (155 | ) | (203 | ) | (195 | ) | (189 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in income of equity method investee |
38 | (81 | ) | (92 | ) | 91 | 177 | 659 | 185 | 65 | 540 | 311 | 70 | 44 | 381 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Net income/(loss) |
(397 | ) | (4,967 | ) | (3,116 | ) | (491 | ) | 876 | 22,701 | 13,208 | 16,060 | 3,362 | 5,420 | 2,775 | 174 | 4,531 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Income/(Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest |
100 | (70 | ) | 84 | 189 | 284 | 1,613 | 405 | 683 | 373 | 307 | 387 | 384 | 397 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Net income/(loss) attributable to GEN Restaurant Group |
$ | (497 | ) | $ | (4,897 | ) | $ | (3,200 | ) | $ | (679 | ) | $ | 592 | $ | 21,088 | $ | 12,802 | $ | 15,377 | $ | 2,989 | $ | 5,113 | $ | 2,388 | $ | (210 | ) | $ | 4,134 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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82
Three Months Ended % of Revenue (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in thousands) | 03/31/20 | 06/30/20 | 09/30/20 | 12/31/20 | 03/31/21 | 06/30/21 | 09/30/21 | 12/31/21 | 03/31/22 | 06/30/22 | 09/30/22 | 12/31/22 | 03/31/23 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restaurant Operating Expenses: |
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Food costs |
32.4 | % | 38.3 | % | 33.4 | % | 31.2 | % | 30.6 | % | 31.2 | % | 31.8 | % | 33.1 | % | 33.7 | % | 33.4 | % | 32.9 | % | 32.8 | % | 32.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Payroll & benefits |
33.2 | % | 37.5 | % | 34.3 | % | 30.4 | % | 30.2 | % | 28.8 | % | 28.0 | % | 29.5 | % | 29.5 | % | 28.9 | % | 29.8 | % | 31.2 | % | 31.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Occupancy expenses |
8.9 | % | 24.9 | % | 17.1 | % | 9.2 | % | 10.8 | % | 6.0 | % | 6.6 | % | 7.1 | % | 7.1 | % | 7.5 | % | 7.5 | % | 7.5 | % | 7.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses |
10.2 | % | 15.7 | % | 15.2 | % | 14.4 | % | 10.5 | % | 8.5 | % | 8.1 | % | 9.2 | % | 8.6 | % | 8.8 | % | 9.8 | % | 9.4 | % | 9.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation & amortization |
4.6 | % | 13.3 | % | 9.4 | % | 6.5 | % | 4.8 | % | 2.7 | % | 2.6 | % | 3.0 | % | 2.8 | % | 2.6 | % | 2.6 | % | 2.6 | % | 2.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pre-opening costs |
0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.4 | % | 0.9 | % | 1.0 | % | 1.2 | % | 1.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total restaurant operating expenses |
89.2 | % | 129.8 | % | 109.4 | % | 91.7 | % | 86.9 | % | 77.3 | % | 77.1 | % | 81.8 | % | 82.1 | % | 82.1 | % | 83.6 | % | 84.7 | % | 84.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Restaurant Level Operating Income |
10.8 | % | -29.8 | % | -9.4 | % | 8.3 | % | 13.1 | % | 22.7 | % | 22.9 | % | 18.2 | % | 17.9 | % | 17.9 | % | 16.4 | % | 15.3 | % | 15.3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General & administrative |
4.8 | % | 9.8 | % | 8.1 | % | 5.2 | % | 3.7 | % | 2.4 | % | 3.6 | % | 4.3 | % | 4.6 | % | 4.2 | % | 5.2 | % | 5.6 | % | 4.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consulting fees - related party |
4.8 | % | 14.9 | % | 4.7 | % | 3.0 | % | 3.1 | % | 0.6 | % | 3.2 | % | 5.4 | % | 5.4 | % | 3.6 | % | 3.1 | % | 0.0 | % | 2.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Management fees |
2.2 | % | 1.3 | % | 1.8 | % | 3.1 | % | 2.5 | % | 1.6 | % | 1.4 | % | 1.4 | % | 1.4 | % | 1.5 | % | 1.4 | % | 1.4 | % | 1.3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation & amortization - corporate |
0.0 | % | 0.1 | % | 0.1 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total costs and expenses |
101.1 | % | 155.8 | % | 124.1 | % | 103.0 | % | 96.2 | % | 81.9 | % | 85.2 | % | 92.9 | % | 93.5 | % | 91.4 | % | 93.3 | % | 91.7 | % | 92.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Income (loss) from operation |
-1.1 | % | -55.8 | % | -24.1 | % | -3.0 | % | 3.8 | % | 18.1 | % | 14.8 | % | 7.1 | % | 6.5 | % | 8.6 | % | 6.7 | % | 8.3 | % | 7.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Other Income, Net |
0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain on extinguishment of debt |
0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 14.2 | % | 8.8 | % | 34.1 | % | 1.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restaurant revitalization fund grant |
0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 23.5 | % | 9.1 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee retention credits |
0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.1 | % | 5.9 | % | 0.2 | % | 2.3 | % | 2.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aborted deferred IPO costs written off |
0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | -9.9 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (expenses) |
0.1 | % | 0.2 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.7 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | -2.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net |
-0.8 | % | -1.5 | % | -1.3 | % | -1.0 | % | -0.7 | % | -0.3 | % | -0.2 | % | 0.4 | % | -0.2 | % | -0.4 | % | -0.5 | % | -0.5 | % | -0.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in income of equity method investee |
0.2 | % | -0.9 | % | -0.8 | % | 0.5 | % | 0.8 | % | 1.7 | % | 0.5 | % | 0.2 | % | 1.4 | % | 0.7 | % | 0.2 | % | 0.1 | % | 0.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income/(loss) |
-1.6 | % | -58.1 | % | -26.1 | % | -2.8 | % | 3.9 | % | 57.2 | % | 33.0 | % | 41.7 | % | 8.8 | % | 12.8 | % | 6.5 | % | 0.4 | % | 10.3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Net Income/(Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest |
0.4 | % | -0.8 | % | 0.7 | % | 1.1 | % | 1.3 | % | 4.1 | % | 1.0 | % | 1.8 | % | 1.0 | % | 0.7 | % | 0.9 | % | 0.9 | % | 0.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Net income/(loss) attributable to GEN Restaurant Group |
-2.0 | % | -57.3 | % | -26.8 | % | -3.9 | % | 2.7 | % | 53.2 | % | 32.0 | % | 39.9 | % | 7.8 | % | 12.1 | % | 5.6 | % | -0.5 | % | 9.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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83
The following table reconciles Net income (loss) attributable to GEN Restaurant Group to to EBITDA Margin, Adjusted EBITDA Margin and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin for each of the twelve quarters presented below:
Three months ended (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in thousands) |
03/31/20 | 06/30/20 | 09/30/20 | 12/31/20 | 03/31/21 | 06/30/21 | 09/30/21 | 12/31/21 | 03/31/22 | 06/30/22 | 09/30/22 | 12/31/22 | 03/31/23 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income/(loss) attributable to GEN Restaurant Group |
(497 | ) | (4,897 | ) | (3,200 | ) | (679 | ) | 592 | 21,088 | 12,802 | 15,377 | 2,989 | 5,113 | 2,388 | (210 | ) | 4,134 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net |
194 | 132 | 150 | 178 | 149 | 105 | 81 | (138 | ) | 82 | 155 | 203 | 195 | 189 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taxes |
| | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total depreciation & amortization |
1,145 | 1,144 | 1,130 | 1,121 | 1,086 | 1,072 | 1,058 | 1,147 | 1,062 | 1,092 | 1,104 | 1,096 | 1,131 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total EBITDA |
$ | 841 | $ | (3,621 | ) | $ | (1,919 | ) | $ | 619 | $ | 1,827 | $ | 22,266 | $ | 13,941 | $ | 16,386 | $ | 4,133 | $ | 6,360 | $ | 3,694 | $ | 1,081 | $ | 5,454 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
EBITDA Margin |
3.4% | -42.3% | -16.1% | 3.6% | 8.2% | 56.1% | 34.8% | 42.5% | 10.8% | 15.1% | 8.7% | 2.6% | 12.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain on extinguishment of debt |
| | | | | (5,628 | ) | (3,533 | ) | (13,123 | ) | (387 | ) | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restaurant revitalization fund grant |
| | | | | (9,326 | ) | (3,637 | ) | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consulting fees - related party |
1,191 | 1,275 | 560 | 525 | 684 | 236 | 1,287 | 2,063 | 2,077 | 1,500 | 1,320 | 0 | 880 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee retention credits |
(45 | ) | (2,473 | ) | (64 | ) | (949 | ) | (1,165 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation accrual |
| | | | | | | | | 850 | 20 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aborted deferred IPO costs written off |
| | | | | | | | | | | 4,036 | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash lease expense |
(34 | ) | (50 | ) | (60 | ) | (46 | ) | 238 | 598 | 297 | 444 | 50 | 79 | 77 | 54 | 60 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 1,998 | $ | (2,397 | ) | $ | (1,419 | ) | $ | 1,098 | $ | 2,749 | $ | 8,146 | $ | 8,354 | $ | 5,769 | $ | 5,828 | $ | 6,316 | $ | 5,047 | $ | 4,223 | $ | 5,229 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA Margin |
8.1% | -28.0% | -11.9% | 6.3% | 12.3% | 20.5% | 20.9% | 15.0% | 15.2% | 15.0% | 11.9% | 10.3% | 11.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Three months ended (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in thousands) |
03/31/20 | 06/30/20 | 09/30/20 | 12/31/20 | 03/31/21 | 06/30/21 | 09/30/21 | 12/31/21 | 03/31/22 | 06/30/22 | 09/30/22 | 12/31/22 | 03/31/23 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations |
$ | (268 | ) | $ | (4,773 | ) | $ | (2,874 | ) | $ | (529 | ) | $ | 848 | $ | 7,183 | $ | 5,924 | $ | 2,730 | $ | 2,472 | $ | 3,639 | $ | 2,849 | $ | 3,393 | $ | 3,174 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,145 | 1,144 | 1,130 | 1,122 | 1,086 | 1,072 | 1,057 | 1,147 | 1,062 | 1,092 | 1,104 | 1,096 | 1,131 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pre-opening costs |
| | | | | | | | 158 | 379 | 437 | 480 | 519 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General and administative |
1,201 | 836 | 971 | 913 | 825 | 964 | 1,422 | 1,671 | 1,764 | 1,766 | 2,191 | 2,267 | 2,055 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consulting fees - related party |
1,191 | 1,275 | 560 | 525 | 684 | 236 | 1,287 | 2,063 | 2,077 | 1,500 | 1,320 | | 880 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Management Fees |
544 | 110 | 220 | 546 | 565 | 634 | 546 | 534 | 535 | 623 | 588 | 587 | 588 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash lease expenses |
(34 | ) | (50 | ) | (60 | ) | (46 | ) | 238 | 598 | 297 | 444 | 50 | 79 | 77 | 54 | 60 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA: |
$ | 3,779 | $ | (1,459 | ) | $ | (53 | ) | $ | 2,530 | $ | 4,246 | $ | 10,688 | $ | 10,535 | $ | 8,589 | $ | 8,118 | $ | 9,077 | $ | 8,566 | $ | 7,877 | $ | 8,407 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin |
15.3% | -17.1% | -0.4% | 14.5% | 19.0% | 26.9% | 26.3% | 22.3% | 21.2% | 21.5% | 20.2% | 19.3% | 19.2% |
84
Quarterly Revenue Trends
We experienced revenue growth during 2021, 2022 and the three months ended March 31, 2023 with an increase in sales at existing locations and we also benefited by opening three new locations in 2022. Revenue dropped materially in 2020 as the COVID-19 pandemic initially caused temporary restaurant closures and subsequent government mandated indoor capacity limitations prevented normal operations, only partially offset by an expansion into temporary outdoor dining at some of our restaurants. In the early months of 2021 those indoor capacity limitations were lifted and we were able to operate more normally at most of our restaurants in the second and third quarters of 2021 and capacity restrictions had been removed at all restaurants by the fourth quarter of 2021.
Quarterly Restaurant Operating Expense Trends
During 2020 our restaurant operating expenses fell starting late in the first quarter when COVID-19 closures and restrictions began and fell to their lowest levels in the second and third quarters of 2020 at the height of the COVID-19 restrictions. Restaurant operating expenses rose in the first quarter of 2021 as COVID-19 restrictions eased and revenues expanded, and rose substantially further in the second, third, and fourth quarters of 2021 to support the recovery of revenue levels as COVID-19 restrictions were largely removed. Our total quarterly restaurant operating expenses rose in 2022 and 2021 as expenses directly related to supporting higher revenue increased. Expenses also increased in 2022 and during the three months ended March 31, 2023 due to inflationary costs increases for food, payroll and other expenses as well as to support three new restaurants.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our business primarily relies on cash flow from operating activities as well as cash on hand and liquidity provided by our term loans with a related party. Our primary uses of cash are for operational expenditures and capital investments, including new restaurants, costs incurred for restaurant remodels and restaurant equipment and fixtures. There is no guarantee that if we need to raise any additional capital that we will be able to do so.
Prior to this offering, certain companies within GEN Restaurant Group have made, and will continue to make, distributions to their members, which will impact our cash position upon completion of this offering. The operating agreements of most of the companies within GEN Restaurant Group, as separate private entities prior to the Reorganization, mandate annual or quarterly distributions of available cash and/or tax distributions in an amount sufficient to allow members to pay taxes on income allocated to them. We have determined the amount of these distributions based on the operating cash flow of each such entity. During the year ended December 31, 2022, an aggregate of $29.5 million of distributions were made, and during the three months ended March 31, 2023, an aggregate of $3.1 million of distributions were made. We expect that up to an additional $ of aggregated distributions will be made prior to completion of this offering.
We believe that cash provided by operating activities and cash on hand will be sufficient to fund our lease obligations, capital expenditures and working capital needs for at least the next 12 months.
Upon consummation of this offering, GEN Inc. will be a holding company with no operations of its own. Accordingly, GEN Inc. will be dependent on distributions from GEN LLC to pay its taxes, its obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement and other expenses.
In connection with the Reorganization, certain members of GEN LLC will receive the right to receive future payments pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement. The amount payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be based on an annual calculation of the reduction in our U.S. federal, state and local taxes resulting from the utilization of certain tax benefits resulting from sales and exchanges by certain members of GEN LLC. See Certain Relationships and Related Person TransactionsTax Receivable Agreement. We expect that payments that we may be required to make under the Tax Receivable Agreement may be substantial. Assuming no material changes in the relevant tax law and that we earn sufficient taxable income to realize all tax benefits that are subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement, we expect that the reduction in tax payments for us associated with the
85
federal, state and local tax benefits described above would aggregate to approximately $ million through 2037. Under such scenario we would be required to pay certain members of GEN LLC 85% of such amount, or $ million through 2037.
The actual amounts may materially differ from these hypothetical amounts, as potential future reductions in tax payments for us and Tax Receivable Agreement payments by us will be calculated using prevailing tax rates applicable to us over the life of the Tax Receivable Agreement and will be dependent on us generating sufficient future taxable income to realize the benefit.
We cannot reasonably estimate future annual payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement given the difficulty in determining those estimates as they are dependent on a number of factors, including the extent of exchanges by continuing GEN LLC unitholders, the associated fair value of the underlying GEN LLC units at the time of those exchanges, the tax rates applicable, our future income, and the associated tax benefits that might be realized that would trigger a Tax Receivable Agreement payment requirement.
However, a significant portion of any potential future payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement is anticipated to be payable over 15 years, consistent with the period over which the associated tax deductions would be realized by GEN Inc., assuming GEN LLC generates sufficient income to utilize the deductions. If sufficient income is not generated by GEN LLC, the associated taxable income of GEN Inc. will be impacted and the associated tax benefits to be realized will be limited, thereby similarly reducing the associated Tax Receivable Agreement payments to be made. Given the length of time over which payments would be payable, the impact to liquidity in any single year may be greatly reduced.
Summary of Cash Flows
Our primary sources of liquidity are operating cash flows, cash on hand and debt borrowings. We use these sources to fund expenditures for new restaurant openings, reinvest in our existing restaurants, and increase our working capital. Our working capital position benefits from the fact that we generally collect cash from sales to guests the same day, or in the case of credit or debit card transactions, within several days of the related sale, and we typically have at least 30 days to pay our vendors.
The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods presented:
Three months ended March 31, | Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||
2023 | 2022 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
(amounts in thousands) | (unaudited) | (restated) | ||||||||||||||
Summary of Cash Flows |
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Net cash provided by operating activities |
$ | 2,790 | $ | 2,854 | $ | 23,399 | $ | 39,803 | ||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in)investing activities |
(4,908 | ) | 11,647 | 2,571 | (18,527 | ) | ||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in)financing activities |
698 | (12,107 | ) | (24,665 | ) | (18,538 | ) |
We currently expect to distribute cash in the amount of $ to the existing owners of our business immediately prior to the Reorganization and this offering.
Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $2.8 million, the result of net income of $4.5 million, adjusted by non-cash charges of depreciation and amortization of $1.1 million, amortization of operating lease assets of $1.1 million and net cash outflows of approximately $3.9 million from changes in operating assets and liabilities. The net cash outflows from changes in operating assets and liabilities were primarily the result of a decrease of $3.0 million in accounts payable, $1.1 million in accrued
86
salaries and benefits and $1.0 million in operating lease liabilities, offset partially by a $1.2 million decrease in inventories.
Net cash provided by operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $2.9 million, the result of net income of $3.4 million, adjusted by non-cash charges of depreciation and amortization of $1.1 million, amortization of operating lease assets of $0.8 million and partially offset by net cash outflows of approximately $1.4 million from changes in operating assets and liabilities. The net cash outflows from changes in operating assets and liabilities were primarily due to $1.1 million in adjustments to operating lease assets and liabilities resulting from the adoption of ASC 842, net of a $1.4 million increase in inventories to support the growing revenue.
Net cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2022 was $23.4 million, which was largely the result of net income of $11.7 million, adjusted by non-cash adjustments of $4.0 million due to aborted deferred IPO costs write off, $4.4 million for depreciation and amortization, $2.6 million in amortization of operating lease assets, and net cash inflows of approximately $1.7 million from changes in operating assets and liabilities. The net cash inflows from changes in operating assets and liabilities were primarily the result of an increase of $2.0 million in accounts payable, and an increase of $1.7 million in other current liabilities, offset partially by a $1.4 million decrease in inventories and a $1.4 million decrease in operating lease liabilities.
Net cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2021 was $39.8 million, which was largely the result of net income of $52.8 million, adjusted by non-cash adjustments of $4.4 million for depreciation and amortization and $22.3 million for gain on extinguishment of debt, and net cash inflows of approximately $4.9 million from changes in operating assets and liabilities. The net cash inflows from changes in operating assets and liabilities were primarily the result of $3.8 million in a deferred RRF grant.
Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $4.9 million, reflecting $2.1 million of advances made to a related party and $2.8 million for the purchase of property and equipment.
Net cash provided by investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $11.6 million, reflecting $13.3 million in the recovery of advances made to a related party, partially offset by $1.7 million for the purchase of property and equipment.
Net cash provided by investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2022 was $2.6 million, primarily due to $13.3 million in proceeds from recovery of advances made to a related party, offset partially by $8.1 million for the purchase of property and equipment and $2.7 million for advances made to a related party.
Net cash used in investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2021 was $18.5 million, primarily due to $21.2 million of advances made to a related party, offset by $4 million of proceeds from recovery of Notes receivable from a related party and $1.3 million for the purchase of property and equipment.
Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $0.7 million, primarily due to $3.0 million in advances from members, $1.3 million in proceeds from third party loans and $0.5 million in related party loans, largely offset by $0.7 million in payments on related party loans and $3.1 million in member distributions.
Net cash used in financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $12.1 million, reflecting $17.7 million in distributions to members and $7.7 million in payments on related party loans, partially offset by proceeds from third party loans of $7.9 million, $2.7 million from PPP and Economic Injury Disaster (EIDL) loans, $1.8 million in proceeds from related party loans and $1.1 million in advances from members.
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Net cash used in financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2022 was $24.7 million, largely due to $29.5 million in member distributions, $7.7 million in payments on related party loans and $2.4 million in payments for deferred offering costs. These cash outflows were partially offset by $7.9 million in proceeds from third party loans, $3.5 million of proceeds from related party loans, $2.7 million received for PPP and EIDL loans and $2.4 million in advances from members.
Net cash used in financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2021 was $18.5 million, largely due to $31.5 million in member distributions, $1.7 million in payments on related party loans and $1.3 million in payments for deferred offering costs. These cash outflows were partially offset by $14.5 million received from PPP and EIDL loans and $2.0 million in advances from members.
Contractual Obligations
The following table presents our commitments and contractual obligations as of March 31, 2023, as well as our long-term obligations:
Payments Due by Period as of March 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Less than 1 year | 1-3 years | 3-5 years | More than 5 years | ||||||||||||||||
(amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating lease payments (1) |
$ | 162,006 | $ | 9,364 | $ | 19,655 | $ | 20,415 | $ | 112,572 | ||||||||||
Finance lease payments (2) |
268 | 133 | 135 | | ||||||||||||||||
Notes payable (3) |
7,062 | 596 | 2,107 | 352 | 4,007 | |||||||||||||||
Line of credit (4) |
6,741 | 6,741 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Notes payable interest (5) |
3,115 | 175 | 384 | 325 | 2,231 | |||||||||||||||
Notes payable - related party (6) |
3,371 | 2,150 | 1,221 | | | |||||||||||||||
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Total Contractual obligations |
$ | 182,563 | $ | 19,159 | $ | 23,502 | $ | 21,092 | $ | 118,810 |
(1) | Represents future minimum lease payments for our restaurant operations and corporate office. Operating lease payments exclude contingent rent payments that may be due under certain of our leases based on a percentage of sales in excess of specified thresholds. See Note 10Leases to the financial statements in this prospectus for further details. |
(2) | Reflects the principal and interest payments during the lease terms. Refer to Note 10Leases to the financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
(3) | Reflects the principal payment on third party notes. Refer to Note 8Notes Payable to the financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
(4) | Reflects the principal payment on third party line of credit. Refer to Note 7Line of Credit to the financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
(5) | Interest relates to the notes payable through maturity dates. Refer to Note 8Notes Payable to the financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
(6) | Reflects the principal payment on related party notes. Refer to Note 9Related Person Notes Payable to the financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 we did not have any material off-balance sheet arrangements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our discussion and analysis of operating results and financial condition are based upon our financial statements. The preparation of our financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, sales, expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. We base our estimates on past experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, and we evaluate these estimates on an ongoing basis.
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Our critical accounting policies are those that materially affect our financial statements and involve subjective or complex judgments by management. Although these estimates are based on managements best knowledge of current events and actions that may impact us in the future, actual results may be materially different from the estimates. We believe the following critical accounting policies are affected by significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements and that the judgments and estimates are reasonable.
Operating and Finance Leases
Our office leases provide for fixed minimum rent payments. Our restaurant leases provide for fixed minimum rent payments and some require additional contingent rent payments based upon sales in excess of specified thresholds. When achievement of such sales thresholds is deemed probable, contingent rent is accrued in proportion to the sales recognized in the period. For operating leases that include free-rent periods and rent escalation clauses, we recognize rent expense based on the straight-line method. For the purpose of calculating rent expenses under the straight-line method, the lease term commences on the date we obtain control of the property. Lease incentives used to fund leasehold improvements are recognized when earned and reduce the operating right-of-use asset related to the lease. These are amortized through the operating right-of-use asset as reductions of expense over the lease term. Restaurant lease expense is included in occupancy expenses, while office lease expense is included in general and administrative expenses on the accompanying financial statements.
We currently lease all of our restaurant locations, corporate offices, and some of the equipment used in our restaurants. On January 1, 2022, we adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), using a modified retrospective approach. See Note 10Leases to the financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. At commencement of the lease, we determine the appropriate classification as an operating lease or a finance lease. All of our restaurant and office leases are classified as operating leases and most of our equipment leases are classified as finance leases.
Assets we acquired under finance lease arrangements are recorded at the lower of the present value of future minimum lease payments or fair value of the assets at the inception of the lease. Finance lease assets are amortized over the shorter of the useful life of the assets or the lease term, and the amortization expense is included in depreciation and amortization on the accompanying financial statements.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
We assess potential impairments of our long-lived assets, which includes property and equipment and operating lease right-of-use assets, in accordance with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 360Property, Plant and Equipment. An impairment test is performed on an annual basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable. In determining the recoverability of the asset value, an analysis is performed at the individual restaurant level. Assets are grouped at the individual restaurant-level for purposes of the impairment assessment because a restaurant represents the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. Recoverability of an asset group is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to its estimated forecasted restaurant cash flows expected to be generated by the asset group. Factors considered by us in estimating future cash flows include, but are not limited to: significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results; significant changes in the manner of use of the acquired assets; and significant negative industry or economic trends. If the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset.
No impairment loss was recognized during any of the periods presented.
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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure of Market Risks
Commodity and Food Price Risks
Our profitability is dependent on, among other things, our ability to anticipate and react to changes in the costs of key operating resources, including food and beverage and other commodities. We have been able to partially offset cost increases resulting from a number of factors, including market conditions, shortages or interruptions in supply due to weather or other conditions beyond our control, governmental regulations and inflation, by increasing our menu prices, as well as making other operational adjustments that increase productivity. However, substantial increases in costs and expenses could impact our operating results to the extent that such increases cannot be offset by menu price increases or operational adjustments.
Inflation Risk
The primary inflationary factors affecting our operations are food and beverage costs, labor costs, and energy costs. Our restaurant operations are subject to federal and state minimum wage and other laws governing such matters as working conditions, overtime and tip credits. Significant numbers of our restaurant personnel are paid at rates related to the federal and/or state minimum wage and, accordingly, increases in the minimum wage increase our labor costs. To the extent permitted by competition and the economy, we have mitigated increased costs by increasing menu prices and may continue to do so if deemed necessary in future years. Substantial increases in costs and expenses could impact our operating results to the extent such increases cannot be passed through to our guests. Historically, until 2022, inflation has not had a material effect on our results of operations. Severe increases in inflation, however, could affect the global and U.S. economies and could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
While we have been able to partially offset inflation and other changes in the costs of core operating resources by gradually increasing menu prices, coupled with more efficient purchasing practices, productivity improvements and greater economies of scale, there can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to do so in the future. From time to time, competitive conditions could limit our menu pricing flexibility. In addition, macroeconomic conditions could make additional menu price increases imprudent. There can be no assurance that future cost increases can be offset by increased menu prices or that increased menu prices will be fully absorbed by our guests without any resulting change to their visit frequencies or purchasing patterns. In addition, there can be no assurance that we will generate the same sales growth in an amount sufficient to offset inflationary or other cost pressures.
Emerging Growth Company Status
We are an emerging growth company, as defined in the JOBS Act, and we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. We may take advantage of these exemptions until we are no longer an emerging growth company. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period afforded by the JOBS Act for the implementation of new or revised accounting standards. We have elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards and as a result of this election, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates. We may take advantage of these exemptions up until the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of this offering or such earlier time that we are no longer an emerging growth company. We would cease to be an emerging growth company if we have more than $1.07 billion in annual revenue, we have more than $700.0 million in market value of our stock held by non-affiliates (and we have been a public company for at least 12 months and have filed one annual report on Form 10-K) or we issue more than $1.0 billion of non-convertible debt securities over a three-year period.
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Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In April 2020, the staff of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued a question-and-answer document that stated that entities may elect to account for lease concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic as though the rights and obligations for those concessions existed as of the commencement of the contract rather than as a lease modification. Lessees may make the election for any lessor- provided lease concession related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic as long as the concession does not result in a substantial increase in the rights of the lessor or in the obligations of the lessee. We have made such election. We have received immaterial rent concessions that did not result in an extension of lease term. As such, this election did not have a material impact on the balance sheets, the statements of operations, statements of stockholders equity or statements of cash flows.
On September 1, 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), or Topic 842 or ASC 842, along with related clarifications and improvements. This pronouncement requires lessees to recognize a liability for lease obligations, which represents the discounted obligation to make future lease payments, and a corresponding right-of-use asset on the balance sheet. The guidance requires disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements that is intended to give financial statement users the ability to assess the amount, timing, and potential uncertainty of cash flows related to leases. We adapted this pronouncement for the year beginning after December 31, 2021 using the modified retrospective method to apply the standard as of the effective date of January 1, 2022 and therefore prior period amounts have not been adjusted.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. The pronouncement is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. ASU 2019-12 is effective for us beginning in fiscal year 2022. We are currently evaluating the impact of the pending adoption of the new standard on our financial statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASU 2016-13). ASU 2016-13 amends the impairment model by requiring entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including receivables. In January 2023, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-13, and concluded that the adoption of ASC 326 did not have a material impact on the Companys recognition of financial instruments within the scope of the standard.
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Overview of GEN Restaurant Group
GEN Korean BBQ is one of the largest Asian casual dining restaurant concepts by total revenue in the United States. Founded by two Korean immigrants, we have grown over the last eleven years to 32 company-owned restaurants by delivering an engaging and interactive dining experience where our guests serve as their own chefs. We offer an extensive menu of traditional Korean and Korean-American food, including high-quality meats, poultry, seafood and mixed vegetables, all at a superior value. Our restaurants have modern décor, lively Korean pop music playing in the background and embedded grills in the center of each table. Our food is served family style and requires guests to share and coordinate their cooking responsibilities, which fosters more meaningful interaction than traditional casual dining. We believe our unique culinary experience appeals to a vast segment of the population, particularly Millennials and Gen Z.
Our co-founders, Jae Chang and David Kim, both highly experienced and successful restaurateurs, joined forces to create our new Korean barbeque concept, opening our first restaurant in 2011 in Tustin, California. Since then, we have successfully opened profitable restaurants in multiple new markets. As of December 31, 2022 we operated 31 locations, across California, Arizona, Nevada, Hawaii, Texas and New York, with 32 locations as of May 26, 2023.
Select Financial Results by Quarter
(unaudited)
For reconciliations of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA Margin and to Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin, see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsQuarterly Results of Operations.
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Our Performance
We achieved the following financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022:
| Our revenue grew 14.7% to $43.9 million from $38.3 million. |
| Our net income attributable to GEN Restaurant Group increased 38.3% to $4.1 million from $3.0 million. |
| Our Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA increased 3.6% to $8.4 million from $8.1 million. Our Restaurant Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin decreased to 19.2% from 21.2%. |
| Our Adjusted EBITDA decreased 10.3% to $5.2 million from $5.8 million. Our Adjusted EBITDA Margin decreased to 11.9% from 15.2%. |
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on our operations, we experienced an impressive recovery in most of our performance metrics in 2021. Our recent financial results for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 indicate that we have emerged from the COVID-19 pandemic as a stronger company:
| Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $163.7 million compared to 2021 revenue of $140.6 million, an increase of $23.2 million or 16.5%. |
| From 2021 to 2022, our net income decreased 79.4% from $49.9 million to $10.3 million largely due to $22.3 million of loan forgiveness recognized in 2021 and RRF grants of $13.0 million we received in 2021. Our Net Income Margin decreased to 6.3% in 2022 from 35.5% in 2021. |
| Our Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA decreased to $33.6 million in 2022 from $34.1 million in 2021. Our Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA margin decreased to 20.5% from 24.2%. |
| Our Adjusted EBITDA decreased to $21.4 million from $25.0 million. Our Adjusted EBITDA Margin decreased to 13.1% from 17.8%. |
We have also achieved the following financial metrics:
| AUVs of approximately $5.9 million for the 28 restaurants that were opened 18 full months prior to December 31, 2022 and $6.0 million for the 28 restaurants that were opened 18 full months prior to March 31, 2023. |
| Revenue per square foot of $890 for the 28 restaurants that were opened 18 full months prior to December 31, 2022, and revenue per square foot of $899 for the 28 restaurants opened 18 full months prior to March 31, 2023. |
| Average Net Build-Out Costs of approximately $1.8 million for new units opened during 2018 and 2019 and $1.9 million for new units opened in 2022. |
| Average Cash-On-Cash Returns of 88% for restaurants open for all of 2022. |
| Average Payback Period of 1.4 years for the 21 restaurants that had covered initial investment costs prior to the temporary COVID-19 shutdowns in early 2020. |
For reconciliations of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA and Restaurant-Level Adjusted EBITDA Margin to their nearest GAAP financial measures, see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsNon-GAAP Financial Measures.
Our Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic and How We Emerged as a Stronger Company
During the COVID-19 pandemic, we temporarily closed all of our 28 restaurants in March 2020. Faced with mandatory restaurant closures, imposed capacity limitations and other pandemic-related challenges, our foundational roots of persistence and resilience served us well. In response to the pandemic, we took various steps to reduce non-essential spend and postpone restaurant development.
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Since the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, we believe the loosening of government capacity restrictions, vaccine roll-outs and consumers yearning for pre-pandemic lifestyles have driven our successful recovery. By the end of 2021 we had reopened all of our 28 restaurants for dinner and a majority of them for lunch, and as of the end of the first quarter of 2022 all of our restaurants had returned to pre-pandemic operations.
For further information regarding our operations during the COVID-19 pandemic, see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Results and OperationsBusiness Trends; Effects of COVID-19 on Our Business.
GEN Korean BBQ: An Engaging Dining Experience
We believe our restaurants offer a memorable dining experience. When our guests arrive, they are frequently met with crowds of other enthusiastic patrons eager to be seated. Guests are able to join our waitlist upon arrival, or ahead of time by checking in online, and can request their preferred seating option, choosing from our conventional table top grills, bars and, where available, outdoor seating areas.
As guests make their way to their tables, they are immediately met with the mouth-watering aromas and sizzling sounds of our offerings. From the unique modern décor, to the motion of our friendly staff quickly completing orders and the sounds of vibrant Korean pop music encompassing the interiors, the atmosphere in our restaurants is distinct and engages the senses.
Once seated, guests are welcomed with a diverse assortment of appetizing side dishes, or banchan. After sampling the banchan, guests turn their attention to our extensive menu, which encourages adventurous dining. Our curated selection features premium cuts of unmarinated and marinated beef, pork, poultry, seafood and mixed vegetables. Our thinly sliced tender briskets, thick cut pork belly, sweet marinated chicken and spicy shrimp, among other favorites, make for a delicious culinary experience. Our guests are able to place unlimited orders of any food item all for one affordable, fixed price. Guests can also purchase alcoholic beverages to enjoy throughout their dining experience. Since our guests serve as their own chefs and cook the majority of their meals themselves on a grill embedded in the center of each table, they experience minimal wait times once seated, have full control over their portions and are able to grill their food at their desired pace and temperatures.
Our Innovative Approach Drives Our Competitive Strengths
We believe we have been able to distinguish ourselves from other restaurant concepts by taking an innovative approach, focused on efficiency without compromising quality, highlighted by the following strengths:
Unlimited Orders at One Affordable, All-Inclusive Price. Our guests can order unlimited quantities of food for a fixed price generally ranging from $17.95 to $20.99 for lunch and $25.95 to $29.95 for dinner as of March 31, 2023, except $35.95 for dinner at the Miracle Mile Las Vegas, NV location and $26.95 for lunch, $32.95 for regular dinner and $36.95 for late dinner at the Manhattan, NY location. Our affordable price points make our concept accessible to multiple demographics and allow our guests to discover a variety of traditional Korean and Korean-American fusion dishes at a fixed price compared to the a la carte pricing found at other casual dining restaurants.
Efficient Cook-It-Yourself Business Model. Using our cook-it-yourself model, we have been able to operate our restaurants with no chefs and limited personnel needed to process orders in the kitchen. Our menu items come ready-to-serve from our suppliers, allowing us to quickly fill guest orders after a simple transfer from package to plate. This approach ensures consistent food quality across all of our restaurants and provides for more efficient operations than traditional restaurants, which in turn allows us to cater to high traffic levels. Additionally, because our guests serve as their own chefs, we believe our kitchens require a smaller percentage of our footprint than other casual dining restaurant concepts, enabling more space for guest seating.
Strong Supplier Network Provides Foundation for Growth. We currently have informal arrangements with our key suppliers precluding them from selling Korean barbeque-related products to other distributors. In addition to our primary suppliers, we have established relationships with potential new suppliers that we can quickly engage
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if we are faced with supply chain disruptions. To date, we have not experienced any such disruptions. Our longstanding and consistent partnerships allow us to meet any increased demand we experience. As we continue to scale and open new restaurants, we believe our strong supply network has the ability to support our growth.
Large Community of Loyal Enthusiasts. Based in part on our online reviews, we believe we have attracted a passionate and loyal group of customers, including Millennial and Gen Z enthusiasts who enjoy trying new cuisines of various ethnic origins. We believe these foodies enjoy our diverse menu of flavorful Korean and Korean-American food, affordable price points and differentiated dining ambience.
Unique Guest Experience Drives Positive Customer Ratings. Many of our guests express their enthusiasm for our concept experience by rating and reviewing our restaurants online. As of May 24, 2023, we have a 4.0 and 4.2 average star rating on Yelp and Google across our restaurants with 2,722 and 1,293 average reviews per restaurant on Yelp and Google, respectively. These strong, positive reviews have allowed us to rely on this type of word-of-mouth advertising to increase brand awareness in lieu of more traditional marketing efforts. As a result, our annual marketing expenses in both 2021 and 2022 comprised 0.1% of our total revenue.
In-House Design and Fabrication Capabilities. Well-functioning ventilation systems are critical to Korean barbeque restaurant concepts due to the need to simultaneously ventilate each table. In order to ensure a proper setup, many of our competitors rely on third-party contractors, who can be prohibitively expensive and require lengthy lead times. We take a different approach, designing and fabricating our ventilation systems in-house, which in turn provides us with greater control than our competition over quality, costs and lead times.
An Inspirational Founder-led Management Team. Our team is led by experienced and passionate senior management who are committed to providing the highest quality service and experience for our guests. Our co-founder, Jae Chang, has over 25 years of entrepreneurial experience in the restaurant and hospitality industry. Jae has grown a number of successful Asian restaurant concepts, including locations under the Shabuya, Sumo, Octopus, H2O Sushi and California Gogi brands. Our other co-founder, David Kim, is a seasoned restaurateur and entrepreneur who successfully established a career in the restaurant industry as a multi-unit franchisee of Dennys, Carls Jr., Golden Corral and Pick-Up Stix. Prior to GEN, David led an investor consortium that purchased Baja Fresh from Wendys International, Inc., and later La Salsa, Inc. from CKE Restaurants. As CEO of Baja Fresh, David oversaw a company with sales of over $400 million and over 400 locations.
Our Growth Strategies
Open Additional Restaurants in New and Existing Markets. Since opening our original restaurant in Tustin, California in 2011, we have successfully opened profitable new restaurants throughout Southern and Northern California, and in Nevada, Texas, Hawaii, Arizona and New York. We intend to leverage our expertise opening new restaurants to expand further into new geographies and within existing markets with the same rigorous and thoughtful new site and restaurant build-out process that we have successfully demonstrated in the past. Prior to the pandemic, we opened four new restaurants in both 2018 and 2019. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we opened no new restaurants in 2020 and 2021. With COVID-19 restrictions relaxed, we have restarted our pipeline of new restaurants and during 2022, we opened three new restaurants in Webster, Texas, Las Vegas, Nevada and New York, New York. We have also signed leases for nine other locations. These locations are in Kapolei, Hawaii, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Chandler, Arizona, Westheimer, Texas, Seattle, Washington, Jacksonville, Florida, Dallas, Texas, Maui, Hawaii and Cerritos, California (at which we opened a new restaurant on April 4, 2023) . We currently expect to open six or seven additional locations during the rest of 2023. We currently plan to open eight to ten new restaurants annually in new and existing markets. We expect to open restaurants in new markets in states such as Oregon, Georgia, Virginia, Utah and also in the District of Columbia. Based on an internal study we conducted, we believe that we have long-term total restaurant potential for over 250 restaurants in the United States. Our restaurants have historically generated average Payback Periods of approximately 1.4 years with average Net Build-Out Costs of approximately $1.8 million for new units opened during 2018 and 2019. During 2022, we opened three restaurants with average Net Build-Out Costs of approximately $1.9 million. The last of the three restaurants opened in 2022 had Net Build-Out Costs of $2.6 million. Going forward, we are targeting average Net Build-Out Costs of $3.0 million with AUVs of approximately $5.0 million for our new restaurant units, resulting in a target Payback Period of approximately 2.5 years, which may vary depending on the specific market. The combination of our strong expertise in constructing new restaurants and tremendous whitespace opportunity positions us well to expand our concept into new markets.
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Increase Restaurant Sales and Profitability. We initiated modest menu price increases in late 2021 and again in 2022 with no discernable change in guest behavior. We plan to continue to analyze and monitor price receptivity from our customers, and we believe there may be additional opportunities to implement modest price increases in the future with no material impact on customer traffic. Additionally, our strong supply chain capabilities and ability to operate with a limited number of employees have allowed us to control our costs. We continually look to invest in new technologies through rigorous testing and analyses to further improve and maintain an optimal cost structure, as well as to enhance our dining experience.
Selectively Pursue Wholesale Opportunities. With the favorable pricing terms we have established with our suppliers and distributors, during the pandemic we were able to continue providing a limited number of guests with our high-quality meats by introducing temporary bulk purchase options in 21 of our restaurants. Considering the positive response from our guests, we plan to selectively pursue wholesale opportunities going forward. We have engaged in early stage discussions with several national food retailers to offer our ready-to-serve meats. The COVID-19 pandemic served as an opportunity to not only assess the viability of a wholesale segment, but also to begin exploring other new service offerings we may be able into introduce to our existing business.
Our Food
Commitment to Quality. We are committed to providing our guests high-quality food that keeps them coming back for more. Items on our menu are sourced and prepared with premium ingredients. Our ready-to-serve dishes ensure consistent quality that guests can enjoy at any of our restaurants. For eleven years, we have refined and improved our recipes, and we continue to explore new ways to further enhance our offerings.
Diverse Menu. Our menu features more than two dozen varieties of mouth-watering beef, pork, poultry and seafood, in addition to our wide selection of traditional Korean side dishes of pickled or fermented vegetables, or banchan, as well as mixed vegetables and other unique side dishes. Our beef selection is one of our most diverse and popular main offerings, followed by our pork, poultry and seafood selections. Our banchan, mixed vegetables and other side dishes also introduce a diverse range of flavors and texture profiles to complement our main offerings. At one affordable, fixed price, our guests are able to enjoy an unlimited parade of food items from our diverse menu options.
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Select Menu Items
Beef
We currently offer many different cuts of marinated and unmarinated beef dishes. Our beef selection consists of our renowned thinly sliced premium beef brisket (chadol), sweet and savory beef (bulgogi), Korean-American Hawaiian steak and our signature bone-in marinated short rib (galbi), among others.
Pork
We currently offer several different cuts of marinated and unmarinated pork dishes. Our pork selection consists of our thick cut pork belly (Samgyubsal) that is prepared in a variety of different ways, featuring our popular smoked garlic and red wine marinades as well as our thinly sliced marinated spicy pork (dweji bulgogi), are among our customer favorites.
Poultry
We offer several different marinated poultry dishes. Our poultry selection consists of popular Korean dishes, including our crispy Korean fried chicken and marinated spicy chicken (dak bulgogi), as well as Korean-American fusion dishes, such as garlic chicken served with a rich jalapeno cheese fondue, and Cajun chicken marinated with our proprietary sauces, among others.
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Seafood
In addition to our other main offerings, we offer several different seafood dishes. Our seafood selection consists of our shrimp, octopus and calamari dishes, which are offered with a variety of different marinades.
Banchan
We offer a variety of traditional Korean side dishes, or banchan, which guests can enjoy before or with their main dishes. Our banchan consists of our homemade fermented cabbage (kimchi), a Korean staple that some guests cannot dine without, as well as our classic glass noodles with mixed vegetables (japchae), spicy rice cakes (tteokbokki) and sweet and savory potato salad (gamja salad), among others.
Mixed Vegetables and Other
In addition to our banchan, we also offer our guests an assortment of mixed vegetables and other unique side dishes, consisting of pre-prepared fried dumplings and deep-fried pork cutlets with cheese, among others.
Food Preparation, Quality and Safety. Our approach to food preparation, quality and safety is tied to our supply chain. The majority of the items on our menu are prepared and packaged by three main suppliers. We provide our
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suppliers with proprietary recipes and sauces and they marinade the raw meats, poultry, and seafood using computerized tumbling machines that ensure consistent quality. Across our menu, we are able to utilize many of the same ingredients and recipes, allowing us to purchase ingredients in large quantities and minimize costs. Our manufacturing partners portion, date, label and stamp each package of food, which is then shipped directly to each of our restaurants in a ready-to-serve format for guests to grill after being plated by our staff. Our suppliers typically deliver proteins and fresh produce two to three times per week. All of our food is processed and packaged in facilities that are in full compliance with USDA standards. We have also assembled a team that periodically inspects these facilities to further ensure the quality and safety of our food.
Our Loyal Guests
Our interactive and engaging dining experience, paired with our eclectic menu options that are available for one fixed price, has attracted guests of all types from a small group of friends to large family gatherings celebrating special occasions such as birthdays or reunions. The majority of our tables enable guest party sizes of four to six people. Over the course of our eleven-year history, our concept has intrigued a multi-generational base of loyal supporters. Our diverse guest base includes a significant following of Millennial and Gen Z individuals, as well as food enthusiasts from various cultural backgrounds.
Our Restaurants
GENs Restaurant Footprint. Our first restaurants were opened in Southern California, where we now have 15 locations. In August 2015, we expanded into Northern California and the Las Vegas metropolitan area by opening restaurants in San Jose, California and Henderson, Nevada. In September 2016, we entered the Dallas-Fort Worth market with the opening of our Carrollton, Texas location. In 2017, we opened our first location in Honolulu, Hawaii and introduced our concept in Arizona with the opening of our Tempe location. Our locations in these new markets have replicated the impressive unit-level economics of our Southern California locations, validating the transportability of our restaurant concept.
As of May 26, 2023, we operated 32 restaurants in six states. Our restaurants range in size from 4.7 thousand to 12 thousand square feet, with total indoor and outdoor seating from 190 to 415 guests. We do not own any real estate and currently lease our corporate office and all of our restaurants, as well as a small warehouse where we store fixtures and equipment.
The table below presents the locations of our restaurants operating as of May 26, 2023:
City |
State |
Opened |
City |
State |
Opened | |||||||
Tustin | CA | Sep-11 | Fullerton | CA | Jul-17 | |||||||
Huntington Beach | CA | Nov-12 | Fremont | CA | Aug-17 | |||||||
Alhambra | CA | Dec-12 | Tempe | AZ | Sep-17 | |||||||
Oxnard | CA | Jun-13 | Las Vegas/Sahara | NV | Dec-17 | |||||||
Cerritos | CA | Jan-14 | Concord | CA | Jan-18 | |||||||
Torrance | CA | Aug-14 | Westgate | CA | Jan-18 | |||||||
Rancho Cucamonga | CA | Dec-14 | San Diego | CA | May-18 | |||||||
San Jose | CA | Aug-15 | Mountain View | CA | Nov-18 | |||||||
Henderson | NV | Aug-15 | Sacramento | CA | Mar-19 | |||||||
West Covina | CA | Sep-15 | Pearlridge | HI | Apr-19 | |||||||
Corona | CA | Dec-15 | Frisco | TX | Jun-19 | |||||||
Northridge | CA | Dec-15 | Houston | TX | Oct-19 | |||||||
Chino Hills | CA | Apr-16 | Webster | TX | May-22 | |||||||
Carrollton | TX | Sep-16 | Las Vegas/Miracle Mile | NV | Jun-22 | |||||||
Honolulu | HI | Mar-17 | New York | NY | Dec-22 | |||||||
Glendale | CA | Mar-17 | Cerritos | CA | Apr-23 |
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Our lease terms are typically five or ten years with one or more five-year extension options. In addition, our leases sometimes offer tenant improvement allowances that have averaged approximately $0.3 million. In both 2022 and 2021 our annual occupancy expense, which consists of rent, common area maintenance and taxes was approximately $12.1 million and $10.2 million, for all 31 and 28 of our restaurants, respectively. Going forward, we are targeting total annual occupancy expense of less than 10% of our total revenue.
Restaurant Development
Our restaurant development process from lease signing to opening new restaurant doors takes, on average, approximately ten months.
Site Selection. Our management team follows a disciplined site selection process, utilizing their industry expertise and relationships. We work with various brokers who help us target certain demographics and markets that meet our criteria, and they introduce us to potential new locations to assess. Our current strategy focuses on markets which contain a high level of overall ethnic diversity, a strong middle-class contingency and large median household sizes. Within these markets, we continue to perform further diligence to identify specific cities and neighborhoods with the most favorable demographics. In particular, we tend to gravitate towards a large and growing population of Millennial and Gen Z food enthusiasts. Although our targeted age demographic ranges from 18 to 41, we believe our restaurants appeal to a broader spectrum of customers and will continue to benefit from trends in consumers preferences towards trying new ethnic and exotic foods. We typically target in-line formats found in strip malls, considering factors such as residential and commercial population, traffic patterns and accessible parking, among others. We also opportunistically consider existing restaurant spaces in low-rise properties that do not require major renovations and offer favorable lease terms with tenant improvement allowances. Once a location is approved by our management team, we begin the design process.
Design. We place a significant emphasis on designing our restaurants to provide an interactive and engaging experience that is consistent across all locations. We provide a modern and vibrant atmosphere, featuring a unique inner restaurant décor with a blue neon theme. From our signature blue glass walls, blue lit booth rails and wooden slat walls, to our glass display cases and white leather couches, our guests dine in a modern ambience. With our unique cook-it-yourself restaurant model, we believe our kitchens comprise a smaller percentage of our footprint than other casual dining restaurant concepts. This in turn allows us to dedicate more floor space for guest seating and storage. Our restaurant design allows for a variety of seating arrangements that can accommodate both small and large groups and typically consists of 50 or more tables with embedded grills.
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Build-Out. Going forward, we are targeting an average Net Build-Out Cost of $3.0 million. These costs may vary based on the market, restaurant size and the condition of the property. One of the key components of our build-outs is the design, fabrication and installation of the ventilation systems we utilize. Well-functioning ventilation systems are critical to Korean barbeque restaurant concepts due to the need to simultaneously ventilate each table. We design and fabricate our systems in-house, which in turn provides us with greater control over quality, costs and lead times. Our proprietary equipment complies with all appropriate regulations and safety standards, and is coupled with UL300-approved fire alarms and ANSUL fire suppressor systems. We typically have 50 or more ventilation systems for each restaurant, all operating independently and in unison, which is different than a traditional casual dining restaurant that only requires a few ventilation systems in their kitchen.
Restaurant Management
Restaurant Management and Employees. As of May 12, 2023, on average, each of our restaurants employed a total of 73 full-time and part-time employees who are managed by a General Manager. The actual number of personnel that work during a given shift varies depending on the day, as well as time. During any given shift, restaurants are typically staffed with one kitchen manager, two to four hosts, four to ten servers, four to five food preparers, one to two cashiers, two to three bussers, up to seven food runners, and three to four dishwashers.
Training and Employee Programs. To ensure a consistent and exceptional dining experience, we have established onboarding training programs for all of our restaurant employees. Employee training for restaurant managers typically requires approximately three to six months, while training for other restaurant employees ranges from 60 to 90 days. Our operating model, which consists of no chefs and a relatively small staff primarily responsible for serving food, leads to reduced complexity and time required for our training programs. When we staff a new restaurant preparing to open, we send a team of existing employees to the new restaurant to provide the training and to introduce and implant our cultural values. Our training programs for employees provide comprehensive guides specifically developed for each position.
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Our Suppliers
We acquire certain food products and supplies from third-party vendors and suppliers, and we are dependent upon a few suppliers for certain specialized equipment utilized in our restaurants, such as the embedded grills in our tables. For this specialized equipment, we rely on Fast Fabrications as one of our primary suppliers. Pacific Global, a subsidiary of a related party, provided restaurant supplies such as tableware, napkins, soda, sauces for approximately 21.2% and 23.5% of total operating expenses in 2022 and 2021, respectively, and Wise Universal provided us with food products and supplies equaling approximately 32.5% and 33.8% of our total food and beverage costs in 2022 and 2021, respectively. Each of Fast Fabrications, Pacific Global and Wise Universal are controlled by parties affiliated with us, and Fast Fabrications will become part of the Company after the closing of this offering. We do not currently have written contracts with any of our suppliers. See Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions for additional information on our relationship with these suppliers. Additionally, U.S. Foods, an unrelated third party, provides us with certain food products which in 2022 and 2021 amounted to approximately 57.6% and 39.2% of our total food and beverage costs, respectively. In 2021, we entered into a multi-year contract with one of our previously-existing suppliers, which is one of the largest United States food-service distributors, to act as an order placement agent with our key suppliers.
Management Information and Systems
We use Revel for our point-of-sale (POS) system, a system designed for the restaurant industry. Our Revel POS system allows us to seamlessly track and monitor our sales, food and beverage costs and inventory levels. This system is integrated with the handheld tablets our staff use to take guest orders and process payments, and it includes customizable features which provide data that allow us to better understand our guest dining preferences. We use a combination of Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and Toast, Inc. software for our payroll and human resources systems. We have partnered with Yelp to allow our guests to check-in ahead of their visits in order reduce wait times they may otherwise encounter. We currently use QuickBooks for our accounting systems but may upgrade to another accounting system as we continue to grow the number of restaurants we operate. We rely on all of our third-party systems and application providers to protect the information of our customers and employees.
Our Industry
We believe that the unique, interactive culinary experience at our lively restaurants appeals to a vast segment of the population. This enables us to successfully compete with, and take share from, our competitors across the restaurant industry, particularly the chain restaurant industry, defined as restaurants where guests order while seated and pay after eating. The chain restaurant industry in the United States, restaurant concepts with five or more locations, is expected to grow 2.4% in 2023 to $57 billion in sales, which reflects a 1.8% annual growth rate from 2017 to 2023 per IBISWorld. We believe we will expand our market share by leveraging our scale and compelling value proposition that many smaller casual dining restaurant concepts are not able to replicate.
Growing Embrace of Korean Culture. The increasing awareness of Korean culture among all demographics, particularly among Millennial and Gen Z populations, is expected to significantly add to our growing following of guests. With the likes of Gangnam Style, a Korean song that became the first YouTube video to reach one billion views, as well as subsequent hits produced by up-and-coming Korean artists such as Blackpink, BTS and Girls Generation, Korean culture continues to become a global phenomenon that has gained immense popularity in recent years. The increasing number of viral music video hits, as well as other well-received Korean entertainment, including the recent Netflix survival drama television series, Squid Game, and the Academy award-winning Korean film, Parasite, have contributed to the tremendous growth of what is referred to as the Hallyu wave. According to the Korean Foundation, the Hallyu wave, which encompasses the increasing popularity and international spread of Korean food, language and culture since the 1990s, has amassed over 100 million fans across 109 countries, excluding South Korea, as of September 2020.
Competition
We compete primarily with casual dining concepts in the highly competitive and fragmented restaurant industry. Our competition includes a variety of small, local restaurants, medium-sized regional restaurants, and
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large national chains that primarily provide dine-in service. Within the casual dining category, we believe Asian restaurants, including Korean, Chinese, Thai, Vietnamese and Japanese concepts that often specialize in specific items or preparation methods, are among the least concentrated and most fragmented. We believe there is not a casual dining concept at scale that offers the same compelling value proposition and unique dining experience.
Human Capital Resources
We offer a diverse environment full of passionate and talented people. Our team members are collaborative and supportive, with a driving desire to make a distinctive mark in the restaurant industry. Our core values drive our people initiatives as they focus on mutual respect, teamwork, continuous improvement and learning, gratitude, a positive attitude, and passion to be the best in our business. We believe we attract and retain superior talent because we offer a challenging work environment with opportunities to make a difference in our companys future. We work together as one team, with the single vision of making our company successful.
As of May 12, 2023, we had 2,350 full-time and part-time employees. Approximately 33% of our workforce is female and 67% is male. Our senior leadership team (Vice President level and above) is 83% male and 17% female, while manager roles are approximately 66% male and 34% female. Our existing employees typically recruit new team members, although we may use outside recruiting support in selected circumstances.
Environmental Matters
We are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection, including regulation of discharges into the air and water, storage and disposal of waste and clean-up of contaminated soil and groundwater. Under various federal, state and local laws, an owner or operator of real estate may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances on, in or emanating from such property. Such liability may be imposed without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances, and in some cases, we may have obligations imposed by indemnity provisions in our leases.
Government Regulation and Compliance
We are subject to various federal, state, and local regulations, including those relating to building and zoning requirements, public health and safety and the preparation and sale of food. The development and operation of restaurants depends to a significant extent on the selection and acquisition of suitable sites, which are subject to zoning, land use, environmental, traffic, and other regulations and requirements. Our restaurants are also subject to state and local licensing and regulation by health, sanitation, food and occupational safety, and other agencies, which regulation has increased in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. We may experience material difficulties or failures in obtaining the necessary licenses, approvals or permits for our restaurants, which could delay planned restaurant openings or affect the operations at our existing restaurants. In addition, stringent and varied requirements of local regulators with respect to zoning, land use, and environmental factors could delay or prevent development of new restaurants in particular locations.
Our operations are subject to the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Act, which governs worker health and safety, as well as rules and regulations regarding the U.S. Fair Labor Standards Act, which governs such matters as minimum wages and overtime, and a variety of similar federal, state and local laws (such as fair work week laws, immigration laws, various wage and hour laws, termination and discharge laws, and state occupational safety regulations) that govern these and other employment law matters. We may also be subject to lawsuits or investigations from our current or former employees, the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the Department of Labor, or others alleging violations of federal and state laws regarding workplace and employment matters, discrimination and similar matters, and we have been a party to a number of such matters in the past. These lawsuits and investigations require significant resources from our senior management and can result in material fines, penalties and/or settlements, some or all of which may not be covered by insurance, as well as significant remediation efforts that may be costly and time consuming, and which we may not implement effectively.
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Intellectual Property
We protect our intellectual property primarily through a combination of trademarks, domain names, and trade secrets. We have registered trademarks in the U.S. and internationally. We will continue to pursue additional trademark registrations to the extent we believe they would be beneficial and cost-effective.
Our inner restaurant décor is covered by a trademark covering our signature white, brown, blue, cyan and silver colors, our white booth seating areas with brown wood accents and glass dividers, and our blue sconces and LED lighting, among other features.
We have procedures in place to monitor for potential infringement of our intellectual property, and it is our policy to take appropriate action to enforce our intellectual property, taking into account the strength of our claim, likelihood of success, cost, and overall business priorities.
Legal Proceedings
We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our business. Although the outcome of these and other claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe the ultimate resolution of the current matters will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
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The following table sets forth certain information regarding our directors, director nominees and executive officers as of the date of this prospectus.
Name |
Age | Position | ||
Jae Chang |
52 | Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director | ||
David Kim |
54 | Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director | ||
Thomas V. Croal |
63 | Chief Financial Officer | ||
Michael B. Cowan |
57 | Director Nominee | ||
Jonathan Gregory |
58 | Director Nominee |
Our Executive Officers
Jae Chang. Mr. Chang founded GEN by opening our first restaurant in September 2011 in Tustin, California and, since our formation in October 2021, he has served as our Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director. Prior to founding GEN, Mr. Chang has been the owner, operator and manager of multiple restaurant concepts since December 1999, including the Shabuya, Sumo, Octopus, H2O Sushi and California Gogi brands. Mr. Chang received his Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management from California State Polytechnic University, Pomona.
Mr. Changs qualifications to serve on the Board include his extensive prior experience with our business as a co-founder and within the restaurant and hospitality industries, as well as his demonstrated business acumen, skills in entrepreneurship and focus on operational efficiency. Mr. Changs Board service also creates a direct, more open channel of communication between the Board and senior management.
David Kim. Mr. Kim joined GEN with Jae Chang shortly after the opening of our first restaurant in September 2011 and, since our formation in October 2021, he has served as our Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director. Before founding GEN, Mr. Kim served as Chief Executive Officer of La Salsa, Inc., a fast casual Mexican restaurant chain, from July 2007 to September 2011. Mr. Kim also served as Chief Executive Officer of Baja Fresh Enterprises, another fast casual Mexican restaurant chain, from October 2006 to September 2011, and prior to that served as President of Caliber Capital Group, an equity investment firm focused on distressed companies, from September 2005 to present. From August 2002 to September 2011, Mr. Kim was managing member of CinnaWorks, LLC, a national owner of Cinnabon franchises, and from November 1994 to March 2016, he was the managing member of Sweet Candy, LLC, owner of the retail candy concept Sweet Factory. From November 1994 to March 2016, Mr. Kim managed Golden Den Corp. and RD Restaurant Group, Inc., which owned Dennys, Carls Jr., Golden Corral and Pick-Up Stix franchises. Mr. Kim is also the owner, operator and manager of several other restaurant concepts, including sushi concept restaurants, a ramen concept restaurant and several other concepts that are not all-you-can-eat. Mr. Kim has established the Kim Family Foundation, through which he supports various charitable causes related to scholastic achievement and leadership.
Mr. Kims qualifications to serve on the Board include his wealth of experience with our business as our co-founder and within the restaurant industry, and his demonstrated business acumen and skills in entrepreneurship and business strategy. Mr. Kims Board service also creates a direct, more open channel of communication between the Board and senior management.
Thomas V. Croal. Mr. Croal has served as our Chief Financial Officer since July 2021. Prior to joining us, Mr. Croal served as Chief Financial Officer of Pancreatic Cancer Action Network, a non-profit organization focused on pancreatic cancer research, from January 2019 to July 2021. Mr. Croal also served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Silverado Senior Living Holdings, Inc., an operator of senior housing communities, from June 2007 to September 2018. From June 2005 to March 2007, Mr. Croal served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Sage Publications, Inc., a global independent publisher. Mr. Croal also served as Chief Financial Officer of PPONet, Inc., a preferred provider physicians network, from September 2004 to June 2005. Mr. Croal held various positions at Insight Health Services Corp., a healthcare service
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provider, including Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer, from September 1989 to March 2003. Mr. Croal was also previously a California Certified Public Accountant with Arthur Anderson & Co. Mr. Croal received his Bachelor of Science in Accounting from Loyola Marymount University.
Our Director Nominees
Michael B. Cowan. Mr. Cowan will become a director upon the listing of our common stock. Mr. Cowan is the President and Chief Executive Officer of H-1 Auto Care, LLC (d/b/a Honest1 Auto Care), a privately held franchisor of auto repair services with more than 60 retail locations, and has served in such role since 2018. Mr. Cowan has also served as the Managing Member of SLC Capital Partners, LLC and its affiliated entities since he co-founded it in 2010. SLC Capital Partners is a private investment firm located in St. Petersburg, Florida. Prior to founding SLC Capital Partners, Mr. Cowan worked at J.H. Whitney & Co. in multiple roles, including as Chief Financial Officer for the companys numerous investment funds with a total of over five billion dollars in assets under management. Mr. Cowan also previously helped build two private equity-backed companies. Mr. Cowan began his career at Purina Mills, Inc., one of the U.S.s largest manufacturers of animal nutrition products. Mr. Cowan received his B.S. in Finance from La Salle University.
We believe Mr. Cowan is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his significant leadership experience in various management roles and business acumen derived from his deep business background.
Jonathan Gregory. Mr. Gregory will become a director upon the listing of our common stock. Mr. Gregory is the Chief Executive Officer of RMX Resources, LLC, a private oil and natural gas company backed by CIC Partners in Dallas, Texas. RMX operates oil and natural gas properties primarily in Los Angeles County, California. Mr. Gregory has served in such role since 2018. Immediately prior to forming RMX, Mr. Gregory served as the Chief Executive Officer of Royale Energy, Inc. (OTCQB: ROYL) a publicly traded oil and natural gas company formed in 1986. Mr. Gregory joined the board of Royale in 2014 and became CEO in 2015. Prior to becoming CEO of Royale Energy, Inc., Mr. Gregory served as the Chief Financial Officer of two other private oil and gas companies, Americo Energy Resources, LLC, and J&S Oil & Gas, LLC. While CFO of these companies, Mr. Gregory raised over $200 million in private equity and senior debt capital to support the companies respective operations and acquisition activities. Mr. Gregory began his career in the banking industry where he held various positions over a 25-year banking career. As a banker, he closed over $1 billion in transactions focused primarily on the upstream oil and gas industry, holding officer positions at various Texas based institutions. In addition to his corporate activities, Mr. Gregory has been active on multiple nonprofit boards addressing homelessness, early childhood education issues and social justice. Mr. Gregory received his BBA in Finance from Lamar University.
We believe Mr. Gregory is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his breadth of experience in high-level management roles, and his expertise in the areas of finance and corporate strategy.
Family Relationships
No family relationship exists by or among our executive officers and directors.
Controlled Company Exemption
Following this offering, our co-founders will continue to control more than 50% of the voting power of our Class A common stock in the election of directors. Accordingly, we intend to avail ourselves of the controlled company exception available under the Exchanges rules, which eliminates certain requirements, such as the requirements that a company have a majority of independent directors on its board of directors, that compensation of executive officers be determined, or recommended to the board of directors for determination, by a compensation committee composed solely of independent directors, and that director nominees be selected, or recommended for the board of directors selection, by a nominations committee composed solely of
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independent directors. In the event that we cease to be a controlled company, we will be required to comply with these provisions within the transition periods specified in the applicable rules. These exemptions do not modify the independence requirements for our audit committee, and we intend to comply with the applicable requirements of the SEC and the Exchange with respect to our audit committee within the applicable time frame.
Director Independence
The board of directors has determined that each of , and are independent directors as such term is defined by the applicable rules and regulations of the Exchange.
Board Composition
Upon the consummation of the offering, our board of directors will consist of directors. In accordance with our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws, the number of directors on our board of directors will be determined from time to time by the board of directors.
Each director is to hold office until the next election of the class for which such director shall have been chosen and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal. Vacancies and newly created directorships on the board of directors may be filled at any time by the remaining directors, whether resulting from an increase in the number of directors or the death, removal or resignation of a director.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that any director may only be removed for cause by the affirmative vote of at least % of the voting power of our outstanding shares of common stock.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that the board of directors will be divided into three classes of directors, with staggered three-year terms, with the classes to be as nearly equal in number as possible. As a result, approximately one-third of the board of directors will be elected each year. The classification of directors has the effect of making it more difficult for stockholders to change the composition of the board of directors. In connection with this offering, , and will be designated as Class I directors, , and will be designated as Class II directors, and , and will be designated as Class III directors.
Board Leadership Structure
We do not have a policy regarding whether the role of the chairperson of the board and chief executive officer should be separate or combined and our board of directors believes that we should maintain the flexibility to select the chairperson and chief executive officer and reorganize the leadership structure, from time to time, based on criteria that are in the Companys best interests and the best interests of our stockholders and stakeholders. Our Board has designated to serve as chairperson of the board. Our board of directors recognizes that, depending on the circumstances, other leadership models, such as separating the role of chairperson of the board with the role of chief executive officer, might be appropriate. Accordingly, our board of directors may periodically review its leadership structure. Our board of directors believes its administration of its risk oversight function has not affected its leadership structure.
The role given to the lead independent director helps ensure a strong independent and active board of directors. In , our independent directors designated to serve as our lead independent director upon the completion of this offering. In accordance with our Principles of Corporate Governance, in such role, will have responsibility for: (a) presiding at meetings of the board of directors at which the chairperson of the board is not present, including executive sessions of the independent directors; (b) approving information sent to the board of directors; (c) approving the agenda and schedule for board meetings to provide that there is sufficient time for discussion of all agenda items; (d) serving as liaison between the chairperson of
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the board and the independent directors; (e) being available for consultation and communication with major stockholders upon request; and (f) performing such other designated duties as the board of directors may determine from time to time.
Director Election Standard
Our amended and restated bylaws will provide that Directors will be elected by a plurality of the votes cast.
Under Delaware law, directors continue in office until their successors are elected and qualified or until their earlier resignation or removal. Our Principles of Corporate Governance will provide that our board of directors will nominate for election and appoint to fill board of directors vacancies only those directors who have tendered or agreed to tender an advance, irrevocable resignation that would become effective upon their failure to receive the required vote for election and Board acceptance of the tendered resignation.
Our Principles of Corporate Governance also will provide that the nominating and governance committee will consider the tendered resignation of a director who fails to receive the required number of votes for election, as well as any other offer to resign that is conditioned upon board of directors acceptance, and recommend to our board of directors whether or not to accept such resignation. If our board of directors does not accept the resignation, the director will continue to serve until his or her successor is elected and qualified.
Role of Our Board in Risk Oversight
We face a number of risks, including those described under the section titled Risk Factors included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our board of directors believes that risk management is an important part of establishing, updating and executing on the Company business strategy. Our board of directors, as a whole and at the committee level, has oversight responsibility relating to risks that could affect the corporate strategy, business objectives, compliance, operations and the financial condition and performance of the Company. In particular, our audit committee is responsible for overseeing our risk management processes and advising the board of directors on risk management policies and procedures. In addition, the audit committee oversees the assessment of the adequacy of our risk management framework and the identification of financial and non-financial risks, and the compensation and human capital committee oversees the identification of risks related to compensation and human capital management. Our board of directors focuses its oversight on the most significant risks facing the Company and on its processes to identify, prioritize, assess, manage and mitigate those risks. Our board of directors and its committees receive regular reports from members of the Company senior management on areas of material risk to the Company, including strategic, operational, financial, legal and regulatory risks. While our board of directors has an oversight role, management is principally tasked with direct responsibility for management and assessment of risks and the implementation of processes and controls to mitigate their effects on the Company.
Board Committees
Following the completion of this offering, our board committees will include an audit committee, a compensation and human capital committee and a nominating and governance committee.
Audit Committee
The primary responsibilities of our audit committee will be to oversee the accounting and financial reporting processes of our company, and to oversee the internal and external audit processes. The audit committee will also assist the board of directors in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities by reviewing the financial information provided to stockholders and others, and the system of internal controls established by management and the board of directors. The audit committee will oversee the independent auditors, including their independence, qualifications and performance. However, committee members will not act as professional accountants or auditors, and their functions are not intended to duplicate or substitute for the activities of management, or the independent auditors. The audit committee will be empowered to retain independent legal counsel and other
advisors as it deems necessary or appropriate to assist it in fulfilling its responsibilities, and to approve the fees and other retention terms of its advisors.
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Upon the completion of this offering, , and are expected to be the members of our audit committee. The board of directors has determined that qualifies as an audit committee financial expert as such term is defined under the rules of the SEC implementing Section 407 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or Sarbanes-Oxley, and that each of , and are independent for purposes of Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act and under the listing standards of the Exchange. We believe that the functioning of our audit committee complies with the applicable requirements of the SEC and the Exchange.
Compensation and Human Capital Committee
The primary responsibilities of our compensation and human capital committee will be to annually review and approve the compensation and other benefits for our employees, officers and independent directors. This will include reviewing and approving corporate goals and objectives relevant to the compensation of our executive officers in light of those goals and objectives, and setting compensation for these officers based on those evaluations. Our compensation and human capital committee will also administer our equity incentive plans and recommend to the board of directors for approval the grant of equity awards under our equity incentive plans.
The compensation and human capital committee may delegate authority to review and approve the compensation of our employees to certain of our executive officers, including with respect to awards made under our equity incentive plans. Even where the compensation and human capital committee does not delegate authority, our executive officers will typically make recommendations to the compensation and human capital committee regarding compensation to be paid to our employees and the size of equity grants under our equity incentive plans.
Upon the completion of this offering, , and are expected to be the members of our compensation and human capital committee. Because we will be a controlled company under the rules of the Exchange, our compensation and human capital committee is not required to be fully independent, although if such rules change in the future or we no longer meet the definition of a controlled company under the current rules, we will adjust the composition of the compensation and human capital committee accordingly in order to comply with such rules.
Nominating and Governance Committee
Our nominating and governance committee will oversee our director nomination, and corporate governance functions. The committee will make recommendations to our board of directors regarding director candidates and assist our board of directors in determining the size, structure, composition and functions of our board of directors and its committees.
Upon the completion of this offering, , and are expected to be the members of our nominating and governance committee. Because we will be a controlled company under the rules of the Exchange, our nominating and governance committee is not required to be fully independent, although if such rules change in the future or we no longer meet the definition of a controlled company under the current rules, we will adjust the composition of the nominating and governance committee accordingly in order to comply with such rules.
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
Our board of directors has adopted a code of business conduct and ethics that establishes the standards of ethical conduct applicable to all directors, officers and employees of our company. The code addresses, among other things, conflicts of interest, compliance with disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, corporate opportunities and confidentiality requirements. The audit committee is responsible for applying and interpreting our code of conduct and ethics in situations where questions are presented to it. We expect that any amendments to the code or any waivers of its requirements applicable to our principal executive, financial or accounting officer, or controller will be disclosed on our website at www.genkoreanbbq.com. Information contained on our website or linked therein or otherwise connected thereto does not constitute part of nor is it incorporated by reference into this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
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Compensation and Human Capital Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
Our compensation and human capital committee will be composed of , and . None of our executive officers currently serves, or has served during the last completed fiscal year, as a member of the board of directors, or as a member of the compensation or similar committee, of any entity that has one or more executive officers who served on our board of directors.
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Our named executive officers, or NEOs, for the year ended December 31, 2022 are:
| David Kim, our Co-Chief Executive Officer; |
| Jae Chang, our Co-Chief Executive Officer and |
| Thomas V. Croal, our Chief Financial Officer. |
2022 Summary Compensation Table
The table below sets forth the annual compensation earned by or granted to the NEOs during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Year | Salary ($) | Bonus ($) |
Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation |
All Other Compensation (2) |
Total ($) | |||||||||||||||||||
David Kim |
2022 | $ | 289,000.00 | $ | | $ | | $ | 26,293.98 | $ | 315,293.98 | |||||||||||||
Co-Chief Executive Officer |
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Jae Chang(1) |
2022 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||||||||||||
Co-Chief Executive Officer |
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Thomas V. Croal |
2022 | $ | 350,000.00 | $ | | $ | | $ | 37,565.09 | $ | 387,565.09 | |||||||||||||
Chief Financial Officer |
(1) | Mr. Chang did not receive a base salary or any other employment-related compensation in 2022. |
(2) | The amount reported represents medical expense reimbursement and a car allowance. |
Narrative Disclosure to Summary Compensation Table
Base Salary
During 2022, Mr. Kim received a base salary of $289 thousand. Mr. Chang did not receive a base salary during the 2022 Fiscal Year. During 2022, Mr. Croal received a base salary of $350 thousand.
Annual Bonus
The Co-Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officer did not receive any bonus or incentive compensation with respect to services performed in 2022.
Equity-Based Compensation
Historically, we have not provided any equity-based compensation awards to the named Executive Officers. As described below, we have adopted a new equity incentive plan for use in granting equity-based compensation to executive officers and employees in connection with and following consummation of the Offering.
Employment Agreements
We are not party to employment agreements with either of the Co-Chief Executive Officers or the Chief Financial Officer. We plan on entering into employment agreements with these individuals in connection with this Offering.
Outstanding Equity Awards at December 31, 2022
We have not previously granted any equity-based compensation awards to any of the NEOs.
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Additional Narrative Disclosure
Retirement Benefits
The Company has not maintained, and does not currently maintain, a defined benefit pension plan or nonqualified deferred compensation plan. The Company maintains a 401(k) plan, but has not historically provided matching contributions under that plan.
Potential Payments Upon Termination or a Change in Control
We are not party to employment agreements or any other arrangements with any of the named Executive Officers providing for payment upon a termination of employment and/or change in control.
2023 Equity Incentive Plan
In advance of the offering, we expect to adopt the GEN Inc. 2023 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2023 Plan. The purpose of the 2023 Plan is to promote and closely align the interests of our employees, officers, non-employee directors, and other service providers and our stockholders by providing stock-based compensation and other performance-based compensation. The objectives of the 2023 Plan are to attract and retain the best available personnel for positions of substantial responsibility and to motivate participants to optimize the profitability and growth of the Company through incentives that are consistent with our goals and that link the personal interests of participants to those of our stockholders. The 2023 Plan will allow for the grant of stock options, both incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options; stock appreciation rights, or SARs, alone or in conjunction with other awards; restricted stock and restricted stock units, RSUs; incentive bonuses, which may be paid in cash, stock, or a combination thereof; and other stock-based awards. We refer to these collectively herein as Awards.
The following description of the 2023 Plan is not intended to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the complete text of the 2023 Plan, a copy of which will be filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Stockholders and potential investors are urged to read the 2023 Plan in its entirety. Any capitalized terms which are used in this summary description but not defined here or elsewhere in this prospectus have the meanings assigned to them in the 2023 Plan.
Administration
The 2023 Plan will be administered by our compensation committee, or such other committee designated by our board of directors to administer the plan, which we refer to herein as the Administrator. The Administrator will have broad authority, subject to the provisions of the 2023 Plan, to administer and interpret the 2023 Plan and Awards granted thereunder. All decisions and actions of the Administrator will be final.
Stock Subject to 2023 Plan
The maximum number of shares of Class A common stock that may be issued under the 2023 Plan will not exceed shares, or the Share Pool, subject to certain adjustments in the event of a change in our capitalization. The Share Pool will be increased on January 1 of each calendar year beginning in 2024 by a number of shares equal to approximately 15% of the outstanding shares of Class A common stock on December 31 of the prior year. Shares of Class A common stock issued under the 2023 Plan may be either authorized and unissued shares or previously issued shares acquired by us. On termination or expiration of an Award under the 2023 Plan, in whole or in part, the number of shares of Class A common stock subject to such Award but not issued thereunder or that are otherwise forfeited back to the Company will again become available for grant under the 2023 Plan. Additionally, shares retained or withheld in payment of any exercise price, purchase price or tax withholding obligation of an Award will again become available for grant under the 2023 Plan.
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Limits on Non-Employee Director Compensation
Under the 2023 Plan, the aggregate dollar value of all cash and equity-based compensation (whether granted under the Plan or otherwise) to our non-employee directors for services in such capacity shall not exceed $ during any calendar year. However, during the calendar year in which a non-employee director first joins our Board or during any calendar year in which a non-employee director serves as chairman or lead director, such aggregate limit shall instead be $ .
Types of Awards
Stock Options. All stock options granted under the 2023 Plan will be evidenced by a written agreement with the participant, which provides, among other things, whether the option is intended to be an incentive stock option or a non-qualified stock option, the number of shares subject to the option, the exercise price, exercisability (or vesting), the term of the option, which may not generally exceed ten years, and other terms and conditions. Subject to the express provisions of the 2023 Plan, options generally may be exercised over such period, in installments or otherwise, as the Administrator may determine. The exercise price for any stock option granted may not generally be less than the fair market value of the Class A common stock subject to that option on the grant date. The exercise price may be paid in cash or such other method as determined by the Administrator, including an irrevocable commitment by a broker to pay over such amount from a sale of the shares issuable under an option, the delivery of previously owned shares or withholding of shares deliverable upon exercise. Other than in connection with a change in our capitalization, we will not, without stockholder approval, reduce the exercise price of a previously awarded option, and at any time when the exercise price of a previously awarded option is above the fair market value of a share of Class A common stock, we will not, without stockholder approval, cancel and re-grant or exchange such option for cash or a new Award with a lower (or no) exercise price.
Stock Appreciation Rights or SARs. SARs may be granted alone or in conjunction with all or part of a stock option. Upon exercising a SAR, the participant is entitled to receive the amount by which the fair market value of the Class A common stock at the time of exercise exceeds the exercise price of the SAR. This amount is payable in Class A common stock, cash, restricted stock, or a combination thereof, at the Administrators discretion.
Restricted Stock and RSUs. Awards of restricted stock consist of shares of stock that are transferred to the participant subject to restrictions that may result in forfeiture if specified conditions are not satisfied. RSUs result in the transfer of shares of cash or stock to the participant only after specified conditions are satisfied. The Administrator will determine the restrictions and conditions applicable to each award of restricted stock or RSUs, which may include performance vesting conditions.
Incentive Bonuses. Each incentive bonus will confer upon the participant the opportunity to earn a future payment tied to the level of achievement with respect to one or more performance criteria established for a specified performance period. The Administrator will establish the performance criteria and level of achievement versus these criteria that will determine the threshold, target, and maximum amount payable under an incentive bonus, which criteria may be based on financial performance and/or personal performance evaluations. Payment of the amount due under an incentive bonus may be made in cash or shares, as determined by the Administrator.
Other Stock-Based Awards. Other stock-based awards are Awards denominated in or payable in, valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on or related to, the value of stock.
Performance Criteria. The Administrator may specify certain performance criteria which must be satisfied before Awards will be granted or will vest. The performance goals may vary from participant to participant, group to group, and period to period.
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Transferability
Awards generally may not be sold, transferred for value, pledged, assigned or otherwise alienated or hypothecated by a participant other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution, and each option or SAR may be exercisable only by the participant during his or her lifetime.
Amendment and Termination
Our board of directors has the right to amend, alter, suspend or terminate the 2023 Plan at any time, provided certain enumerated material amendments may not be made without stockholder approval. No amendment or alteration to the 2023 Plan or an Award or Award agreement will be made that would materially impair the rights of the holder, without such holders consent; however, no consent will be required if the Administrator determines in its sole discretion and prior to the date of any change in control that such amendment or alteration either is required or advisable in order for us, the 2023 Plan or such Award to satisfy any law or regulation or to meet the requirements of or avoid adverse financial accounting consequences under any accounting standard, or is not reasonably likely to significantly diminish the benefits provided under such Award, or that any such diminishment has been adequately compensated. The 2023 Plan is expected to be adopted by our board of directors and our stockholders in connection with this offering and will automatically terminate, unless earlier terminated by our board of directors, ten years after such approval by our board of directors.
Director Compensation
As of December 31, 2022, none of our directors have received compensation for their service on our board of directors. In connection with this offering, we expect to adopt a director compensation program pursuant to which we expect to pay a combination of cash retainers and equity awards to each of our non-employee directors for his or her services on our board of directors. We also expect that the director compensation program will provide each director with reimbursement for reasonable travel and miscellaneous expenses incurred in attending meetings and activities of our board of directors and its committees.
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The following table presents information concerning the beneficial ownership of the shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock as of the date of this prospectus by (1) each person known to us to beneficially own more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our Class A common stock or our Class B common stock, (2) each of our directors and named executive officers and (3) all of our directors and executive officers as a group. This beneficial ownership information is presented after giving effect to the Reorganization and both before and after the issuance of shares of Class A common stock in this offering.
The number of shares of Class A common stock listed in the table below represents shares of Class A common stock directly owned, and assumes no exchange of Class B units for Class A common stock. As described in Organizational Structure and Certain Relationships and Related Person TransactionsGEN LLC Agreement, each Class B stockholder will be entitled to have their Class B units exchanged for shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis, or, at our election, for cash. In connection with this offering, we will issue to each Class B stockholder one share of Class B common stock for each Class B unit it beneficially owns. As a result, the number of shares of Class B common stock listed in the table below correlates to the number of Class B units each Class B stockholder will beneficially own immediately after this offering. See Organizational Structure. Beneficial ownership is determined under the rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power over securities. Except in cases where community property laws apply or as indicated in the footnotes to this table, we believe that each stockholder identified in the table possesses sole voting and investment power over all shares of common stock shown as beneficially owned by the stockholder. Shares of common stock subject to options and warrants that are exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of the date of this prospectus are considered outstanding and beneficially owned by the person holding such options or warrants for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of that person but are not treated as outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. Unless indicated below, the address of each individual listed below is c/o GEN Inc., 11480 South Street Suite 205, Cerritos, CA 90703.
Before the Offering | After the Offering if Underwriters Option is Not Exercised |
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Class A Common Stock |
Class B Common Stock |
Total Voting Power |
Class A Common Stock Owned |
Class B Common Stock Owned |
Total Voting Power |
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Name of Beneficial Owner |
Number | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Named Executive Officers and Directors: |
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Jae Chang |
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David Kim |
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Thomas V. Croal |
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All executive officers and directors as a group ( persons) |
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Other 5% Beneficial Owners: |
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After the Offering if Underwriters Option is Exercised |
||||||||||||||||||||
Class A Common Stock Owned |
Class B Common Stock Owned |
Total Voting Power |
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Name of Beneficial Owner |
Number | % | Number | % | % | |||||||||||||||
Named Executive Officers and Directors: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Jae Chang |
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David Kim |
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Thomas V. Croal |
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All executive officers and directors as a group ( persons) |
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Other 5% Beneficial Owners: |
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PERSON TRANSACTIONS
Other than compensation arrangements, including employment, termination of employment and change in control arrangements, with our directors and executive officers, including those discussed in the sections titled Management and Executive Compensation, the following is a description of certain relationships and transactions since January 1, 2018, involving our directors, executive officers, beneficial holders of more than 5% of our capital stock, or entities affiliated with them.
Proposed Transactions
GEN Inc. has had no assets or business operations since its incorporation and has not engaged in any transactions with our current directors, director nominees, executive officers or sole security holder prior to the Reorganization and this offering. In connection with the Reorganization and this offering, we will engage in certain transactions with certain of our directors, director nominees, each of our executive officers and other persons and entities who will become holders of 5% or more of our voting securities, through their ownership of shares of our Class B common stock, upon the consummation of the Reorganization and this offering. These transactions are described in Organizational Structure.
The Reorganization
In connection with the Reorganization, we will enter into the Tax Receivable Agreement, the GEN LLC Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. We will also acquire from GEN LLC Class A units using the proceeds of this offering, issue Class B common stock to other members of GEN LLC, and from time to time after this offering, allow other members of GEN LLC to exchange Class B units for shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, for cash, on an ongoing basis.
The following are summaries of certain provisions of our related party agreements, which are qualified in their entirety by reference to all of the provisions of such agreements. Because these descriptions are only summaries of the applicable agreements, they do not necessarily contain all of the information that you may find useful. We therefore encourage you to review the agreements in their entirety. Copies of the agreements (or forms of the agreements) have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and are available electronically on the website of the SEC at www.sec.gov.
Tax Receivable Agreement
Following this offering, the members of GEN LLC (not including GEN Inc.) may exchange their Class B units for shares of GEN Inc.s Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis or, at GEN Inc.s election, for cash. Any beneficial holder exchanging Class B units must ensure that the applicable corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock are delivered to us for cancellation as a condition of exercising its right to exchange Class B units for shares of our Class A common stock or, at our election, for cash. As a result of such subsequent exchanges, we will become entitled to a proportionate share of the existing tax basis of the assets of GEN LLC. In addition, GEN LLC will have in effect an election under Section 754 of the Code for the taxable year of the offering and each taxable year in which an exchange occurs, which is expected to result in increases to the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of GEN LLC which will be allocated to GEN Inc. These increases in tax basis are expected to increase GEN Inc.s depreciation and amortization deductions for tax purposes and create other tax benefits and may also decrease gains (or increase losses) on future dispositions of certain assets and therefore may reduce the amount of tax that GEN Inc. would otherwise be required to pay.
GEN Inc. will enter into a tax receivable agreement for the benefit of certain members of GEN LLC or their permitted assignees (not including GEN Inc.), pursuant to which GEN Inc. will pay 85% of the amount of the net cash tax savings, if any, that GEN Inc. realizes (or, under certain circumstances, is deemed to realize) as a result
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of (i) increases in tax basis (and utilization of certain other tax benefits) resulting from GEN Inc.s acquisition of a members GEN LLC units in future exchanges and (ii) any payments GEN Inc. makes under the Tax Receivable Agreement (including tax benefits related to imputed interest). Generally, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be made to certain members of GEN LLC (not including GEN Inc.) pursuant to the terms of the Tax Receivable Agreement. Such payments will reduce the cash provided by the tax savings previously described that would have otherwise been available to GEN Inc. for other uses, including reinvestment or dividends to GEN Inc. Class A stockholders.
GEN Inc. will retain the benefit of the remaining 15% of these net cash tax savings. The obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be GEN Inc.s obligations and not obligations of GEN LLC. For purposes of the Tax Receivable Agreement, the benefit deemed realized by GEN Inc. will be computed by comparing GEN Inc.s U.S. federal, state and local income tax liability to the amount of such U.S. federal, state and local taxes that GEN Inc. would have been required to pay had it not been able to utilize any of the benefits subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement. The actual tax benefits realized by GEN Inc. may differ from tax benefits calculated under the Tax Receivable Agreement as a result of the use of certain assumptions in the Tax Receivable Agreement.
The term of the Tax Receivable Agreement will commence upon the completion of this offering and will continue until all tax benefits that are subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement have been utilized or have expired, unless GEN Inc. exercises its right to terminate a Tax Receivable Agreement (or the Tax Receivable Agreement is terminated due to a change in control or our breach of a material obligation thereunder), in which case, GEN Inc. will be required to make the termination payment specified in the Tax Receivable Agreement, as described below. We expect that all of the intangible assets, including goodwill, of GEN LLC allocable to GEN LLC units acquired or deemed acquired by GEN Inc. from existing members of GEN LLC at the time of this offering and in taxable exchanges following this offering will be amortizable for tax purposes.
Estimating the amount and timing of payments that may be made under the Tax Receivable Agreement is by its nature imprecise, insofar as the calculation of amounts payable depends on a variety of factors and future events. The actual increase in tax basis and utilization of tax attributes, as well as the amount and timing of any payments under the agreement, will vary depending upon a number of factors, including:
| the timing of future exchangesfor instance, the increase in any tax deductions will vary depending on the fair market value, which may fluctuate over time, of the depreciable or amortizable assets of GEN LLC at the time of each purchase of units from the members of GEN LLC in each future exchange; |
| the price of shares of our Class A common stock at the time of the purchase or exchangethe tax basis increase in the assets of GEN LLC is directly related to the price of shares of our Class A common stock at the time of the purchase or exchange; |
| the extent to which such purchases or exchanges are taxableif the purchase of units from the members of GEN LLC in connection with any future exchange is not taxable for any reason, increased tax deductions will not be available; |
| the amount of the exchanging unitholders tax basis in its units at the time of the relevant exchange; |
| the amount, timing and character of GEN Inc.s incomewe expect that the Tax Receivable Agreement will require GEN Inc. to pay 85% of the net cash tax savings as and when deemed realized. If GEN Inc. does not have taxable income during a taxable year, GEN Inc. generally will not be required (absent a change in control or other circumstances requiring an early termination payment) to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement for that taxable year because no benefit will have been realized. However, any tax benefits that do not result in net cash tax savings in a given tax year may generate tax attributes that may be used to generate net cash tax savings in previous or future taxable years. The use of any such tax attributes will generate net cash tax savings that will result in payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement; and |
| U.S. federal, state and local tax rates in effect at the time that we realize the relevant tax benefits. |
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In addition, the amount of each members tax basis in its GEN LLC units at the time of the purchase or exchange, the depreciation and amortization periods that apply to the increases in tax basis, the timing and amount of any earlier payments that GEN Inc. may have made under the Tax Receivable Agreement and the portion of GEN Inc.s payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement that constitute imputed interest or give rise to depreciable or amortizable tax basis are also relevant factors.
GEN Inc. will have the right to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement, in whole or in part, at any time. The Tax Receivable Agreement will provide payments under the TRA may be accelerated under the following scenarios: (i) GEN Inc. exercises its right to early termination of the Tax Receivable Agreement in whole (that is, with respect to all benefits due to all beneficiaries under the Tax Receivable Agreement) or in part (that is, with respect to some benefits due to all beneficiaries under the Tax Receivable Agreement), (ii) GEN Inc. experiences certain changes in control, (iii) the Tax Receivable Agreement is rejected in certain bankruptcy proceedings, (iv) GEN Inc. fails (subject to certain exceptions) to make a payment under the Tax Receivable Agreement or (v) GEN Inc. materially breaches its obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, in each of (iii), (iv) and (v), if such failure is not cured within 90 days. If payments under the TRA are accelerated as a result of one of the foregoing scenarios, GEN Inc. will be obligated to make an early termination payment to the beneficiaries under the Tax Receivable Agreement equal to the present value of all payments that would be required to be paid by GEN Inc. under the Tax Receivable Agreement. The amount of such payments will be determined on the basis of certain assumptions in the Tax Receivable Agreement. The amount of the early termination payment is determined by discounting the present value of all payments that would be required to be paid by GEN Inc. under the Tax Receivable Agreement at a rate equal to the lesser of (a) 6.5% and (b) the SOFR plus 400 basis points. For example, if a change of control were to occur on , GEN Inc. estimates the liability associated with the early termination payment resulting from the change of control would be approximately $ million. This estimated payment assumes (i) the change of control occurred on ; (ii) a price of $ per share (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus); (iii) a constant combined federal and state corporate tax rate of %; and (iv) no material changes in tax law. Actual results may differ from assumptions for various reasons, including the timing of the change of control, the trading price of GEN Inc.s shares of Class A common stock at the time of the change of control, and the tax rates then in effect.
The payments that we will be required to make under the Tax Receivable Agreement are expected to be substantial. If all of the members of GEN LLC other than us were to exchange their GEN LLC units, we would recognize a deferred tax asset of approximately $ million and a liability of approximately $ million, assuming (i) that the members other than us redeemed or exchanged all of their GEN LLC units immediately after the completion of this offering at the initial public offering price of $ per share of Class A common stock, (ii) no material changes in relevant tax law, (iii) a constant combined effective income tax rate of % and (iv) that we have sufficient taxable income in each year to realize on a current basis the increased depreciation, amortization and other tax benefits that are the subject of the Tax Receivable Agreement. The actual future payments to the members of GEN LLC will vary based on the factors discussed above, and estimating the amount of payments that may be made under the Tax Receivable Agreement is by its nature imprecise, insofar as the calculation of amounts payable depends on a variety of factors and future events. See Risk FactorsRisks Relating to Tax MattersIn certain circumstances, including at our option, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement may be accelerated and/or significantly exceed the actual tax benefits, if any, that GEN Inc. actually realizes.
Decisions made in the course of running our business, such as with respect to mergers and other forms of business combinations that constitute changes in control, may influence the timing and amount of payments we make under the Tax Receivable Agreement in a manner that does not correspond to our use of the corresponding tax benefits. In these situations, our obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement could have a substantial negative effect on our liquidity and could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing certain mergers, asset sales, other forms of business combinations or other changes of control.
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Payments are generally due under the Tax Receivable Agreement within a specified period of time following the filing of GEN Inc.s tax return for the taxable year with respect to which the payment obligation arises, although interest on such payments will begin to accrue at a rate of SOFR plus 300 basis points from the due date (without extensions) of such tax return. Late payments generally accrue interest at a rate of SOFR plus 500 basis points. Because of our structure, our ability to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement is dependent on the ability of GEN LLC to make distributions to us. The ability of GEN LLC to make such distributions will be subject to, among other things, restrictions in the agreements governing our debt. If we are unable to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement for any reason, such payments will be deferred and will accrue interest until paid.
Payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be based on the tax reporting positions that we determine. Although we are not aware of any material issue that would cause the IRS to challenge a tax basis increase, GEN Inc. will not, in the event of a successful challenge, be reimbursed for any payments previously made under the Tax Receivable Agreement (although GEN Inc. would reduce future amounts otherwise payable to a holder of rights under the Tax Receivable Agreement to the extent such holder has received excess payments). No assurance can be given that the IRS will agree with our tax reporting positions, including the allocation of value among our assets. As a result, in certain circumstances, payments could be made under the Tax Receivable Agreement significantly in excess of the benefit that GEN Inc. actually realizes in respect of the increases in tax basis (and utilization of certain other tax benefits) resulting from (i) GEN Inc.s acquisition of GEN LLC units from other members of GEN LLC in future exchanges and (ii) any payments GEN Inc. makes under the Tax Receivable Agreement. GEN Inc. may not be able to recoup those payments, which could adversely affect GEN Inc.s financial condition and liquidity.
The obligation to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement generally will be senior to any similar obligation under any tax receivable agreement that may be entered into in the future. No holder of rights under the Tax Receivable Agreement (including the right to receive payments) may transfer its rights to another person without the written consent of GEN Inc., except in certain situations as described in the GEN LLC Agreement.
GEN LLC Agreement
In connection with this offering and the Reorganization, the members of GEN LLC will amend and restate the GEN LLC Agreement. In its capacity as the managing member, GEN Inc. will control all of GEN LLCs business and affairs. GEN Inc. will hold all of the Class A units of GEN LLC. Holders of Class A units and Class B units will generally be entitled to one vote per unit with respect to all matters as to which members are entitled to vote under the GEN LLC Agreement. Class A units and Class B units will have the same economic rights per unit.
Following the offering, any time GEN Inc. issues a share of Class A common stock for cash, the net proceeds received by GEN Inc. will be promptly used to acquire a Class A unit unless used to settle an exchange of a Class B unit for cash. Any time GEN Inc. issues a share of Class A common stock upon an exchange of a Class B unit or settles such an exchange for cash, as described below, GEN Inc. will contribute the exchanged unit to GEN LLC and GEN LLC will issue to GEN Inc. a Class A unit. If GEN Inc. issues other classes or series of equity securities (other than pursuant to our incentive compensation plans), GEN LLC will issue to GEN Inc. an equal amount of equity securities of GEN LLC with designations, preferences and other rights and terms that are substantially the same as GEN Inc.s newly issued equity securities. If at any time GEN Inc. issues a share of its Class A common stock pursuant to the 2023 Plan, GEN Inc. will contribute to GEN LLC all of the proceeds it receives (if any) and GEN LLC will issue to GEN Inc. an equal number of its Class A units, having the same restrictions, if any, as are attached to the shares of Class A common stock issued under the plan. If GEN Inc. repurchases, redeems or retires any shares of Class A common stock (or equity securities of other classes or series), GEN LLC will, immediately prior to such repurchase, redemption or retirement, repurchase, redeem or retire an equal number of Class A units (or its equity securities of the corresponding classes or series) held by
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GEN Inc., upon the same terms and for the same consideration, as the shares of GEN Inc.s Class A common stock (or equity securities of such other classes or series) are repurchased, redeemed or retired. In addition, membership units of GEN LLC, as well as our common stock, will be subject to equivalent stock splits, dividends, reclassifications and other subdivisions. In the event GEN Inc. acquires Class A units without issuing a corresponding number of shares of Class A common stock, it will make appropriate adjustments to the exchange ratio of Class B units to Class A common stock.
GEN Inc. will have the right to determine when and if distributions will be made to holders of units and the amount of any such distributions, other than with respect to tax distributions as described below. If a distribution is authorized, except as described below, such distribution will be made to the holders of Class A units and Class B units on a pro rata basis in accordance with the number of units held by such holder.
The holders of units, including GEN Inc., will incur U.S. federal, state and local income taxes on their proportionate share of any taxable income of GEN LLC. Net profits and net losses of GEN LLC will generally be allocated to holders of units (including GEN Inc.) on a pro rata basis in accordance with the number of units held by such holder; however, under applicable tax rules, GEN LLC will be required to allocate net taxable income disproportionately to its members in certain circumstances. The GEN LLC Agreement will provide for quarterly cash distributions, which we refer to as tax distributions, to the holders of the units in a manner to approximate an amount to enable each member to pay applicable taxes on taxable income allocable to such member. If the amount of tax distributions to be made exceeds the amount of funds available for distribution, GEN Inc. shall receive a tax distribution calculated using the corporate tax rate, before the other members receive any distribution and the balance, if any, of funds available for distribution shall be distributed first to the other members in accordance with the GEN LLC Agreement. GEN LLC will also make non-pro rata payments to GEN Inc. to reimburse it for reasonable corporate and other overhead expenses (which payments from GEN LLC will not be treated as distributions under the GEN LLC Agreement). Notwithstanding the foregoing, no distribution will be made pursuant to the GEN LLC Agreement to any unitholder if such distribution would violate applicable law or result in GEN LLC or any of its subsidiaries being in default under any material agreement.
The GEN LLC Agreement provides that it may generally be amended, supplemented, waived or modified by GEN Inc. in its sole discretion without the approval of any other holder of units, except in the case of amendments or actions that would modify the limited liability of a member or increase the obligation of a member to make capital contributions, adversely affect the right of a member to receive distributions, convert GEN LLC into a corporation or cause GEN LLC to be treated as a corporation for tax purposes.
The GEN LLC Agreement will also entitle certain members (and certain permitted transferees thereof) to exchange their Class B units together with an equal number of shares of Class B common stock, for shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis or, at our election, for cash, or a combination of cash and Class A common stock. The exchange ratio is subject to appropriate adjustment by GEN Inc. in the event Class A units are issued to GEN Inc. without issuance of a corresponding number of shares of Class A common stock or in the event of certain reclassifications, reorganizations, recapitalizations or similar transactions.
The GEN LLC Agreement will permit the Class B unitholders to exercise their exchange rights subject to certain reasonable timing procedures and other conditions. The GEN LLC Agreement will provide that an owner will not have the right to exchange Class B units if we determine that such exchange would be prohibited by law or regulation or would violate other agreements with the Company, GEN LLC or any of their subsidiaries or violate any written policies of GEN Inc. to which GEN LLC unitholder is subject. We intend to impose additional restrictions on exchanges that we determine to be necessary or advisable so that GEN LLC is not treated as a publicly traded partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
The GEN LLC Agreement also provides for mandatory exchanges under certain circumstances, including at the option of GEN Inc., if the number of units outstanding (other than those held by GEN Inc.) is less than a minimum percentage and in the discretion of GEN Inc., with the consent of holders of at least 50% of the outstanding Class B units.
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Any beneficial holder exchanging Class B units must ensure that the applicable corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock are delivered to us for retirement as a condition of exercising its right to exchange Class B units for shares of our Class A common stock, or, at our election, for cash, or a combination of cash and Class A common stock.
Registration Rights Agreement
Prior to the consummation of this offering, we intend to enter into a Registration Rights Agreement. This agreement will provide holders of our Class B common stock with certain registration rights whereby, at any time following the first anniversary of the consummation of our initial public offering, they will have the right to require us to register under the Securities Act the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exchange of Class B units, subject to certain limitations set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement. The Registration Rights Agreement will also provide for piggyback registration rights for the holders party thereto, subject to certain conditions and exceptions.
Transactions Prior to this Offering
GKBH Loan
GKBH Restaurant, LLC operates as Gen Korean BBQ in Hawaii. On April 1, 2016, Gen Hawaii, LLC, an investment company, made an investment of $200 thousand for a 50% interest in GKBH Restaurant, LLC.
Ignite and Put Call Forever, LP Notes
As of December 31, 2020, we had notes receivable of $3.96 million from Ignite, which is 100% owned by David Kim, one of our founders, with an interest rate of 2.50% per annum and a maturity date of April 24, 2021. Additionally, between the months of April and June, 2021, we added additional investments and notes receivable from Ignite and Put Call Forever, LP, resulting in an aggregate notes receivable amount of approximately $13.0 million, with interest earned of approximately $325 thousand as of December 31, 2021. During January 2022, the company received payments on these related party notes receivable for the full amount plus interest.
Each of the following entities, GEN Cerritos, GEN Torrance, GEN San Jose, GEN Northridge, GEN Chino Hills, GEN Carrolton, GEN Hawaii, GEN Fremont, GEN Online, GEN Concord, GEN Westgate, GEN Mountain View, GEN Sacramento, GEN Pearlridge, GEN Frisco, and GEN Texas, or collectively, the Borrowers, had notes payable to Ignite, owned by Mr. Kim, each with similar terms. Each note allowed for draws to be made as individual loans. The total amount of loans under each agreement becomes due on the fifth anniversary of each note. Maturity dates ranged from January 2022 to March 2025. Interest accrued on each loan using the simple interest method at interest rates ranging from 2.75% to 5.00% of the outstanding principal balance. Interest was to be paid annually, one year in arrears. Ignite has a security interest in the assets of the Borrowers. There are no financial covenants in the note payable agreements. As of December 31, 2021, the outstanding principal under the Ignite notes payable amounted to $7.7 million. In March 2022, we took out a line of credit with Pacific City Bank for $8 million, of which $7.9 million was used to repay the total amount outstanding of the notes payable with Ignite. The line of credit matures in September 2023 as a variable interest rate defined as the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate plus 1.75%, which resulted in an interest rate of 9.25% as of December 31, 2022 and 9.75% as of March 31, 2023. Only interest payments are due monthly, with the principal balance to be paid in one payment at the maturity date.
Between April and May 2021, all principal payments for notes due within one year were received from the related party in the aggregate of $3.36 million.
Ignite is a financing company that has previously provided all funding for Mr. Kims developing restaurants and other business ventures.
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Ignite Consulting
On September 29, 2014, we entered into a consulting agreement with Ignite, or the Consulting Agreement, 100% owned by Mr. Kim, which provides for annual fees of up to 25% of gross revenue in exchange for various consulting services. Such consulting fees are only paid to the extent we and our related entities have adequate resources. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, $4.9 million and $4.3 million, respectively, was expensed and paid pursuant to the Consulting Agreement. In connection with this offering, we will terminate the Consulting Agreement and, as described above, will have no ongoing relationship with Ignite.
Fast Fabrications LLC
During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company paid $102 thousand and $0, respectively, to Fast Fabrications, an affiliate 100% owned by Don Kim, an employee of the Company, who is a partner of several of the LP entities and a member of GEN Hawaii, in the exchange of services for Korean BBQ restaurant interior construction. Fees paid to Fast Fabrications were capitalized as property and equipment in the accompanying combined balance sheets. Following the consummation of this offering, we will own Fast Fabrications.
Pacific Global Distribution (PGD)
We purchased approximately $3.1 million and $2.9 million in the years ending December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of food and supplies from Pacific Global Distribution, or PGD, which is 100% owned by Jae Chang, one of our founders, and his direct family. Included in accounts payable were outstanding obligations for food and supply purchases from PGD of approximately, $86 thousand and $25 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We currently obtain the grills used in our restaurants from PGD.
Wise Universal, Inc.
We purchased approximately $14.1 million and $14.8 million of food from Wise Universal, an affiliate 60% owned by Mr. Chang for the years ending December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, included in accounts payable were outstanding obligations for food purchases from Wise Universal of approximately $0.4 million in both years. Wise Universal is a provider of the meats used in our restaurants.
Administrative Services Agreement
Following completion of this offering, we expect to enter into an administrative services agreement with less than ten restaurants owned by David Kim that are unrelated to us. Pursuant to this agreement, we expect to provide certain administrative, accounting and payroll services to these restaurants for several months for a payment to be negotiated on an arms-length basis.
Limitations on Liability and Executive Officer and Director Indemnification Agreements
Our directors and officers will not be personally liable for our debts, obligations or liabilities, whether that liability or obligation arises in contract, tort or otherwise, solely by reason of being a director or an officer of us. In addition, our amended and restated bylaws require us to indemnify our executive officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by law, subject to limited exceptions. We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our executive officers and directors that provide, in general, that we will indemnify them to the fullest extent permitted by law in connection with their service to us or on our behalf.
Review and Approval of Related Person Transactions
We have implemented a written policy pursuant to which the audit committee will review and approve transactions with our directors, director nominees, officers and holders of more than 5% of our voting securities and their affiliates. Prior to approving any transaction with a related party, the audit committee will consider the material facts as to the related partys relationship with us or interest in the transaction. Related person transactions will not be approved unless the audit committee has approved of the transaction. We did not have a formal review and approval policy for related person transactions at the time of any transaction described in Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions.
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The following is a summary of the material provisions of our capital stock, as well as other material terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws, each of which as will be in effect as of the consummation of this offering. This summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws, copies of which will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
General
Upon the consummation of this offering, our authorized capital stock will consist of shares of Class A common stock, $0.001 par value per share, shares of Class B common stock, $0.001 par value per share, and shares of blank check preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share.
Common Stock
We have two classes of common stock: Class A and Class B. Each share of Class A common stock will entitle the holder to one vote per share, while each share of Class B common stock will entitle the holder to ten votes per share. Holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will vote together as a single class on all matters presented to our stockholders for their vote or approval, except as provided in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or as otherwise required by applicable law. Pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, we may not amend, alter, repeal or waive the provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation that relate to the terms of our capital stock without the approval of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of our Class B common stock, voting as a class. Holders of the Class A common stock and Class B common stock, as the case may be, would also have a separate class vote if we subdivide, combine or reclassify shares of the other class without concurrently subdividing, combining or reclassifying shares of such class in a proportional manner. Pursuant to the DGCL, the holders of the outstanding shares of a class shall be entitled to vote as a class upon a proposed amendment, whether or not entitled to vote thereon by the certificate of incorporation, if the amendment would increase or decrease the par value of the shares of such class or alter or change the powers, preferences, or special rights of the shares of such class so as to affect them adversely.
Class A common stock
Voting. Holders of our Class A common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. Stockholders do not have the ability to cumulate votes for the election of directors.
Dividends. Holders of our Class A common stock are entitled to receive dividends when and if declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available therefor, subject to any statutory or contractual restrictions on the payment of dividends and to any restrictions on the payment of dividends imposed by the terms of any outstanding preferred stock.
Dissolution and Liquidation. Upon our dissolution or liquidation or the sale of all or substantially all of our assets, after payment in full of all amounts required to be paid to creditors and to the holders of preferred stock having liquidation preferences, if any, the holders of our Class A common stock will be entitled to receive pro rata our remaining assets available for distribution.
No Preemptive Rights. Holders of our Class A common stock do not have preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights.
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Issuance of Additional Class A Common Stock. We may issue additional shares of Class A common stock from time to time, subject to applicable provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws and DCGL. We are obligated to issue Class A common stock (subject to the transfer and exchange restrictions set forth in the GEN LLC Agreement) to Class B unitholders who exchange their Class B units of GEN LLC for shares of our Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis (unless we elect to satisfy such exchange for cash). When a Class B unit is exchanged for a share of our Class A common stock, the corresponding share of our Class B common stock will automatically be retired.
Class B common stock
Voting. Holders of our Class B common stock are entitled to ten votes for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. See Organizational StructureVoting Rights of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. Stockholders do not have the ability to cumulate votes for the election of directors.
Dividends. Holders of our Class B common stock are not entitled to dividends in respect of their shares of Class B common stock.
Dissolution and Liquidation. Upon our dissolution or liquidation or the sale of all or substantially all of our assets, the holders of our Class B common stock will not be entitled to receive any distributions.
No Preemptive Rights. Holders of our Class B common stock do not have preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights. The Class B common stock is subject to automatic retirement upon an exchange of a Class B unit of GEN LLC for a share of Class A common stock.
Issuance of Additional Class B Common Stock. After this offering and the Reorganization, no additional issuance of shares of Class B common stock will occur, except to holders of Class B units as necessary to maintain a one-to-one ratio between the number of Class B units and the number of shares of Class B common stock outstanding, including in connection with a stock split, stock dividend, reclassification or similar transaction. In connection with an exchange of a Class B unit for Class A common stock, the corresponding share of Class B common stock will automatically be retired.
Preferred Stock
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that our board of directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders, to issue up to shares of preferred stock. Our board of directors will be able to issue preferred stock in one or more series and determine the rights, preferences, privileges, qualifications and restrictions granted to or imposed upon our preferred stock, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, rights and terms of redemption, liquidation preferences and sinking fund terms, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of our common stock. Issuances of preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of our common stock and reduce the likelihood that holders of our common stock will receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation. Any issuance of preferred stock could also have the effect of decreasing the market price of our common stock and could delay, deter or prevent a change in control of our company. Our board of directors does not presently have any plans to issue shares of preferred stock.
Limitations on Directors Liability
Our governing documents will limit the liability of, and require us to indemnify, our directors to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL. The DGCL permits a corporation to limit or eliminate a directors personal liability to the corporation or the holders of its capital stock for breaches of directors fiduciary duties as directors. This limitation is unavailable for acts or omissions by a director which (i) were not in good faith,
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(ii) were the result of intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) the director derived an improper personal benefit from (such as a financial profit or other advantage to which the director was not legally entitled) or (iv) breached the directors duty of loyalty. The DGCL also prohibits limitations on director liability under Section 174 of the DGCL, which relates to certain unlawful dividend declarations and stock repurchases. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation includes provisions that eliminate, to the extent allowable under the DGCL, the personal liability of directors or officers for monetary damages for actions taken as a director or officer, as the case may be. Our amended and restated bylaws also provide that we must indemnify and advance reasonable expenses to our directors and officers to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL. We are also expressly authorized to carry directors and officers insurance for our directors, officers and certain employees for certain liabilities. We maintain insurance that insures our directors and officers against certain losses and which insures us against our obligations to indemnify the directors and officers.
There is currently no pending litigation or proceeding involving any of our directors, officers or employees for which indemnification is being sought.
Exclusive Forum Clause
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that, unless we select or consent in writing to the selection of another forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction, another state court or a federal court located within the State of Delaware) shall be the exclusive forum for any internal corporate claims, as defined in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. It is possible that a court could find our exclusive forum provision to be inapplicable or unenforceable. Although we believe this provision benefits us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law in the types of lawsuits to which it applies, the provision may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors and officers. In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that the federal district courts of the United States will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. We note, however, that investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for state and federal courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. This forum selection provisions will not apply to claims brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Exchange Act.
Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock is deemed to have notice of and consented to the foregoing provisions. See the section entitled Risk Factors.
Delaware Takeover Statute
We are subject to Section 203 of the DGCL, an anti-takeover statute. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years following the time the person became an interested stockholder, unless (with certain exceptions) the business combination or the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder is approved in a prescribed manner. Generally, a business combination includes a merger, asset or stock sale or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. Generally, an interested stockholder is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns (or within three years prior to the determination of interested stockholder status, did own) 15% or more of a corporations voting stock. The existence of this provision would be expected to have an anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions not approved in advance by the board of directors, including discouraging attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares of common stock held by stockholders.
Provisions of Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws to be Adopted and Delaware Law That May Have an Anti-Takeover Effect
Provisions of the DGCL, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws could make it more difficult to acquire our company by means of a tender offer, a proxy contest or
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otherwise, or to remove incumbent officers and directors. These provisions, summarized below, are intended to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors. We believe that the benefits of these provisions outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging certain takeover or acquisition proposals because, among other things, negotiation of these proposals could result in an improvement of their terms and enhance the ability of our board of directors to maximize stockholder value. However, these provisions may delay, deter or prevent a merger or acquisition of us that a stockholder might consider is in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the prevailing market price of our common stock.
Classified Board of Directors
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that our board of directors will initially be divided into three classes of directors, with the classes to be as nearly equal in number as possible, designated Class I, Class II and Class III. Class I directors shall initially serve until the first annual meeting of stockholders following the effectiveness of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation; Class II directors shall initially serve until the second annual meeting of stockholders following the effectiveness of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation; and Class III directors shall initially serve until the third annual meeting of stockholders following the effectiveness of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. Commencing with the first annual meeting of stockholders following the effectiveness of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and ending with the third annual meeting of stockholders thereafter, directors of each class the term of which shall then expire shall be elected to hold office for a three-year term.
The classification of directors will have the effect of making it more difficult for stockholders to change the composition of our board of directors. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that the number of directors will be fixed from time to time exclusively pursuant to a resolution adopted by the board of directors.
Removal of Directors; Vacancies
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will provide that any director may only be removed for cause by the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the voting power of our outstanding shares of common stock. Each director is to hold office until the next election of the class for which such director shall have been chosen and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal. Vacancies and newly created directorships on the board of directors may be filled at any time by the remaining directors, whether resulting from an increase in the number of directors or the death, removal or resignation of a director.
No Cumulative Voting
The DGCL provides that a stockholders right to vote cumulatively in the election of directors does not exist unless the certificate of incorporation specifically provides otherwise. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will not permit cumulative voting.
Requirements for Advance Notification of Stockholder Meetings, Nominations and Proposals
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will provide that special meetings of the stockholders may be called by or at the direction of the board of directors, the chairperson of our board or the chief executive officer with the concurrence of a majority of the board of directors. In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will provide that special meetings of the stockholders may not be called by stockholders.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will prohibit the conduct of any business at a special meeting other than as specified in the notice for such meeting. These
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provisions may have the effect of deferring, delaying or discouraging hostile takeovers, or changes in control or management of our company.
Our amended and restated bylaws will establish advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and the nomination of candidates for election as director. In order for any matter to be properly brought before a meeting, a stockholder will have to comply with such advance notice procedures and provide us with certain information. Our amended and restated bylaws will allow the chairperson of the meeting of stockholders to adopt rules and regulations for the conduct of meetings which may have the effect of precluding the conduct of certain business at a meeting if such rules and regulations are not followed. These provisions may also defer, delay or discourage a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirers own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to influence or obtain control of our company.
Supermajority Voting for Amendments to Our Governing Documents
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will require the affirmative vote of at least 662⁄3% of the voting power of all shares of our common stock then outstanding in order to amend certain provisions, including those relating to our expected public benefit purpose, the removal of directors, the rights and privileges of the common stock, indemnification, exclusive forum, and the prohibition on stockholder action by written consent. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will provide that the board of directors is expressly authorized to adopt, amend or repeal our bylaws and that our stockholders may amend our bylaws only with the approval of at least 662⁄3% of the voting power of all shares of our common stock then outstanding.
Stockholder Action by Written Consent
The DGCL permits any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders to be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, is signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares of stock entitled to vote thereon were present and voted, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our amended and restated bylaws will preclude stockholder action by written consent.
Authorized but Unissued Shares
Our authorized but unissued shares of common stock and preferred stock will be available for future issuance without your approval. The DGCL does not require stockholder approval for any issuance of authorized shares. However, the applicable stock exchange listing requirements require stockholder approval of certain issuances equal to or exceeding 20% of the then-outstanding voting power or the then-outstanding number of shares of common stock. No assurances can be given that our shares will remain so listed. We may use additional shares for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional capital, corporate acquisitions and employee benefit plans. As discussed above, our board of directors has the ability to issue preferred stock with voting rights or other preferences, without stockholder approval. The existence of authorized but unissued shares of common stock and preferred stock could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of our company by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.
Limitations on Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors
The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against directors for breach of their fiduciary duties. These provisions may also have the effect of reducing the likelihood of derivative litigation against directors and officers, even though such an action, if successful, might otherwise benefit us and our stockholders. In addition, your investment may be adversely affected to the extent we pay the settlement costs and damage awards against directors and officers pursuant to these indemnification provisions.
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Transfer Agent and Registrar
The Transfer Agent and Registrar for our Class A common stock is Computershare Trust Company, N.A.
Listing
We have applied to list our Class A common stock on the Exchange under the symbol GENK.
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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our Class A common stock. Immediately following the consummation of the offering, we will have an aggregate of shares of Class A common stock outstanding (assuming Roth Capital Partners, LLC does not purchase additional shares of common stock from us pursuant to the Representatives Warrants). Of the outstanding shares, the shares sold in this offering (or shares if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares) will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, except that any shares held by our affiliates, as that term is defined in Rule 144 of the Securities Act, may generally be sold only in compliance with the limitations described below.
In addition, upon consummation of this offering, the Class B stockholders, including members of our senior leadership team, will in the aggregate beneficially own Class B units of GEN LLC. Pursuant to the terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and the GEN LLC Agreement, the Class B stockholders may from time to time exchange such Class B units of GEN LLC for shares of our Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to exchange timing and volume limitations and customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends and reclassifications.
We cannot predict what effect, if any, the sales of shares of our Class A common stock from time to time or the availability of shares of our Class A common stock for future sale may have on the market price of our Class A common stock. Sales of substantial amounts of Class A common stock, or the perception that such sales could occur, could adversely affect prevailing market prices for our Class A common stock and could impair our future ability to raise capital through an offering of equity securities or otherwise. See Risk Factors.
Lock-Up Agreements
We, our officers and directors and the holders of substantially all of our equity securities will be subject to lock-up agreements with the underwriters that will restrict the sale of shares of our common stock held by them for 180 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to certain exceptions, as described in the section entitled Underwriting.
Sales of Restricted Securities
Other than the shares sold in this offering, all of the remaining shares of our Class A common stock outstanding following the consummation of the offering or issuable upon exchange for Class B units of GEN LLC will be available for sale, subject to the lock-up agreements described above, after the date of this prospectus in registered sales or pursuant to Rule 144 or another exemption from registration. Restricted shares may be sold in the public market only if they are registered or if they qualify for an exemption from registration, including under Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, which is summarized below.
In general, under Rule 144, a person who is not our affiliate and has not been our affiliate at any time during the preceding three months will be entitled to sell any shares of our Class A common stock beneficially owned thereby for at least one year without regard to the volume limitations summarized below. However, such non-affiliate need only have beneficially owned such shares to be sold for at least six months if we have been subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act for at least 90 days at the time of such sale and there is adequate current public information about us available. In either case, a non-affiliate may include the holding period of any prior owner other than an affiliate of ours. Under applicable SEC guidance, we believe that for purposes of Rule 144 the holding period for shares of Class A common stock issued in exchange for Class B units of GEN LLC will generally include the holding period in the corresponding Class B units exchanged.
Beginning 180 days after the date of this prospectus, our affiliates who have beneficially owned shares of our Class A common stock for at least six months, including the holding period of any prior owner other than one of our affiliates and the holding period for Class B units of GEN LLC exchanged for shares of Class A common
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stock, would be entitled to sell within any three-month period a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of: (i) 1% of the number of shares of our Class A common stock then-outstanding, which will equal approximately shares immediately after the consummation of this offering; and (ii) the average weekly trading volume in our Class A common stock on the applicable stock exchange during the four calendar weeks preceding the date of filing of a Notice of Proposed Sale of Securities Pursuant to Rule 144 with respect to the sale. Sales under Rule 144 by our affiliates are also subject to manner of sale provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us.
As a result of the provisions of Rule 144, additional shares will be available for sale in the public market upon the expiration or, if earlier, the waiver of the lock-up period provided for in the lock-up agreements, subject, in some cases, to volume limitations.
Additional Registration Statements
In addition, shares of Class A common stock may be granted under our equity incentive plans. See Executive Compensation2023 Equity Incentive Plan. We intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register the shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2023 Plan. The 2023 Plan will provide for automatic increases in the shares reserved for grant or issuance under the plan which could result in additional dilution to our stockholders. Once we register the shares under these plans, they can be freely sold in the public market upon issuance and vesting, subject to a 180-day lock-up period and other restrictions provided under the terms of the applicable plan and/or the award agreements entered into with participants.
Registration Rights
After this offering, and subject to the lock-up agreements, holders of our Class B common stock will be entitled to certain rights with respect to the registration of shares of our Class A common stock that may be issued in exchange for their Class B units under the Securities Act. For more information, see Certain Relationships and Related Person TransactionsRegistration Rights Agreement. After such registration, these shares of our Class A common stock will become freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act.
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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS OF CLASS A COMMON STOCK
The following discussion is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in our Class A common stock by a Non-U.S. Holder (as defined below). This discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to particular taxpayers in light of their special circumstances (including the Medicare contribution tax on net investment income and the alternative minimum tax) or to taxpayers subject to special tax rules (including a controlled foreign corporation, passive foreign investment company, company that accumulates earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax, tax-exempt organization, financial institution, broker or dealer in securities or former U.S. citizen or resident). Except as specifically provided herein, this discussion does not address any aspect of U.S. federal taxation other than U.S. federal income taxation or any aspect of state, local or foreign taxation. In addition, this discussion deals only with U.S. federal income tax consequences to a Non-U.S. Holder that acquires our Class A common stock in this offering and holds our Class A common stock as a capital asset within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment).
This summary is based on current U.S. federal income tax law, which is subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect.
A Non-U.S. Holder is a beneficial owner of our Class A common stock that is an individual, corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes), trust or estate that is not, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
| an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States; |
| a corporation created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any State thereof (including the District of Columbia); |
| an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or |
| a trust, the administration of which is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and for which one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions, or that has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person. |
If an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes is a beneficial owner of our Class A common stock, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of its partners generally will depend upon the status of the partner, the activities of the partnership and certain determinations made at the partner level. Partnerships and their partners holding our Class A common stock should consult their own tax advisors concerning the U.S. federal income and other tax consequences of investing in our Class A common stock.
This summary is included herein as general information only. Accordingly, each prospective purchaser of our Class A common stock is urged to consult its tax advisor with respect to U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. income and other tax consequences of holding and disposing of our Class A common stock.
If you are considering the purchase of our Class A common stock, you should consult your own tax advisors concerning the particular U.S. federal income and estate tax consequences to you of the ownership of the Class A common stock, as well as the consequences to you arising under the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction.
Distributions
As described in the section entitled Dividend Policy, we do not anticipate declaring or paying dividends to holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future. However, if we do make distributions of cash or property
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on our common stock, such distributions of cash or property that we make with regard to our Class A common stock (other than certain pro rata distributions of our stock) will be treated as dividends to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). Dividends paid to a Non-U.S. Holder of our Class A common stock that are not effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holders conduct of a trade or business within the United States will generally be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty, provided the Non-U.S. Holder furnishes a duly completed and properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E (or other applicable documentation) certifying qualification for the lower treaty rate. These certifications must be provided to the applicable withholding agent prior to the payment of dividends and must be updated periodically. If the amount of a distribution exceeds our current or accumulated earnings and profits, such excess first will be treated as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of a Non-U.S. Holders tax basis in its shares of our Class A common stock, and thereafter will be treated as capital gain from the sale or exchange of the Non-U.S. Holders shares of Class A common stock. A Non-U.S. Holder that does not timely furnish the required documentation, but is eligible for a reduced rate of withholding tax under an income tax treaty may obtain a refund or credit of any excess amounts withheld by filing an appropriate claim for refund with the IRS. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding their entitlement to benefits under an applicable income tax treaty and the manner of claiming the benefits of such treaty.
Dividends that are effectively connected with a Non-U.S. Holders conduct of a trade or business within the United States and, if such Non-U.S. Holder is entitled to claim treaty benefits (and the Non-U.S. Holder complies with applicable certification and other requirements), that are attributable to a permanent establishment (or, for an individual, a fixed base) maintained by such Non-U.S. Holder within the United States are not subject to the withholding tax described above but instead are subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at applicable U.S. federal income tax rates. In order for its effectively connected dividends to be exempt from the withholding tax described above, a Non-U.S. Holder will be required to provide a duly completed and properly executed IRS Form W-8ECI, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holders conduct of a trade or business within the United States. Dividends received by a Non-U.S. Holder that is a corporation that are effectively connected with its conduct of a trade or business within the United States may be subject to an additional branch profits tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.
Sale or Disposition of Common Stock
A Non-U.S. Holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on any gain recognized upon the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of shares of our Class A common stock, unless such gain is effectively connected with the conduct by such Non-U.S. Holder of a trade or business within the United States and, if the Non-U.S. Holder is entitled to claim treaty benefits (and the Non-U.S. Holder complies with applicable certification and other requirements), is attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder within the United States; (ii) such Non-U.S. Holder is a nonresident alien individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of disposition and certain other conditions are met; or (iii) we are or have been a United States real property holding corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes at any time within the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date of disposition or the period that such Non-U.S. Holder held shares of our Class A common stock. We do not believe that we have been, currently are, or will become, a United States real property holding corporation. If we were or were to become a United States real property holding corporation at any time during the applicable period, however, any gain recognized on a disposition of our Class A common stock by a Non-U.S. Holder that did not own (directly, indirectly or constructively) more than 5% of our Class A common stock at any time during the applicable period would not be subject to U.S. federal income tax, provided that our common stock is regularly traded on an established securities market (within the meaning of Section 897(c)(3) of the Code).
An individual Non-U.S. Holder who is subject to U.S. federal income tax because the Non-U.S. Holder was present in the United States for 183 days or more during the year of disposition and meets certain other
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conditions is taxed on its gains (including gains from the disposition of our common stock and net of applicable U.S. source losses from dispositions of other capital assets recognized during the year) at a flat rate of 30% or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty. A Non-U.S. Holder for whom gain recognized on the disposition of our common stock is effectively connected with the conduct by such Non-U.S. Holder of a trade or business within the United States and, if the Non-U.S. Holder is entitled to claim treaty benefits (and the Non-U.S. Holder complies with applicable certification and other requirements), is attributable to a permanent establishment (or, for an individual, a fixed base) maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder within the United States generally will be taxed on any such gain on a net income basis at applicable U.S. federal income tax rates and, in the case of a Non-U.S. Holder that is a foreign corporation, the branch profits tax discussed above generally may also apply.
Information Reporting Requirements and Backup Withholding
Payments of distributions on our common stock generally will not be subject to backup withholding, provided the applicable withholding agent does not have actual knowledge or reason to know the Non-U.S. Holder is a United States person and the Non-U.S. Holder either certifies its non-U.S. status, such as by furnishing a valid IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E or W-8ECI (or a successor form), or otherwise establishes an exemption.
However, information returns are required to be filed with the IRS in connection with any distributions on our common stock paid to the Non-U.S. Holder, regardless of whether such distributions constitute dividends or whether any tax was actually withheld. In addition, proceeds of the sale or other taxable disposition of our common stock within the U.S. or conducted through certain U.S.-related brokers generally will not be subject to backup withholding or information reporting if the applicable withholding agent receives the certification described above and does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that such Non-U.S. Holder is a United States person, or the Non-U.S. Holder otherwise establishes an exemption. Copies of these information returns may also be made available under the provisions of a specific treaty or agreement to the tax authorities of the country in which the Non-U.S. Holder resides.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules will be allowed as a refund or a credit against that Non-U.S. Holders U.S. federal income tax liability provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS. Each Non-U.S. Holder should consult its tax advisor regarding the application of the information reporting rules and backup withholding to it.
Additional Withholding Tax on Payments Made to Foreign Accounts
Withholding taxes may be imposed under Sections 1471 to 1474 of the Code, the Treasury Regulations promulgated hereunder and other official guidance (commonly referred to as FATCA) on certain types of payments made to non-U.S. financial institutions and certain other non-U.S. entities. Specifically, a 30% withholding tax may be imposed on dividends on our Class A common stock paid to a foreign financial institution or a non-financial foreign entity (each as defined in the Code), unless (1) the foreign financial institution undertakes certain diligence, reporting and withholding obligations, (2) the non-financial foreign entity either certifies it does not have any substantial United States owners (as defined in the Code) or furnishes identifying information regarding each substantial United States owner, or (3) the foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity otherwise qualifies for an exemption from these rules. If the payee is a foreign financial institution and is subject to the diligence, reporting and withholding requirements in (1) above, it must enter into an agreement with the U.S. Department of the Treasury requiring, among other things, that it undertake to identify accounts held by certain specified United States persons or United States-owned foreign entities (each as defined in the Code), annually report certain information about such accounts, and withhold 30% on certain payments to non-compliant foreign financial institutions and certain other account holders. Accordingly, the entity through which our Class A common stock is held will affect the determination of whether such withholding is required. Foreign financial institutions located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental
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agreement with the United States governing FATCA may be subject to different rules. Future Treasury Regulations or other official guidance may modify these requirements.
Under the applicable Treasury Regulations and administrative guidance, withholding under FATCA generally applies to payments of dividends on our Class A common stock. Proposed regulations issued by the U.S. Department of the Treasury (the preamble to which specifies that taxpayers may rely on them pending finalization) would eliminate FATCA withholding on the gross proceeds from a sale or other disposition of our common stock. There can be no assurance that the proposed regulations will be finalized in their present form. If FATCA withholding is imposed, a beneficial owner that is not a foreign financial institution generally may obtain a refund of any amounts withheld by filing a U.S. federal income tax return (which may entail significant administrative burden). You should consult your tax advisor regarding the effects of FATCA on your investment in our common stock.
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We will enter into an underwriting agreement with the underwriters listed below with Roth Capital Partners, LLC acting as the representative.
Pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions contained in the underwriting agreement, we will agree to sell to the underwriters named below, and each underwriter will agree to purchase from us, the number of shares of common stock set forth opposite its name below:
Name |
Number of Shares | |||
Roth Capital Partners, LLC |
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Craig-Hallum Capital Group, LLC |
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The Benchmark Company, LLC |
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Total |
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The underwriting agreement will provide that the obligation of the underwriters to purchase the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus, other than those covered by the option to purchase additional shares of common stock described below, is subject to certain conditions. The underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the shares of common stock offered hereby if any of the shares are purchased.
The underwriters will offer the shares of common stock, subject to prior sale, when, as and if issued to and accepted by them, subject to approval of legal matters by its counsel and other conditions specified in the underwriting agreement. The underwriters will reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part.
Discounts, Commissions and Expenses
The underwriters propose to offer the shares to the public at the public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and to certain dealers at that price less a concession not in excess of $ per share. After this offering, the public offering price and concession may be changed by the underwriters. No such change shall change the amount of proceeds to be received by us as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus.
In connection with the sale of the shares to be purchased by the underwriters, the underwriters will be deemed to have received compensation in the form of underwriting commissions and discounts. The underwriters commissions and discounts will be % of the gross proceeds of this offering, or $ per share of common stock based on the public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus.
We estimate that the total expenses of this offering, including filing and listing fees, printing fees and legal and accounting expenses, but excluding underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $ .
In addition, we will agree to issue the Representatives Warrants to purchase a number of shares of common stock equal to % of the number of shares sold in this offering by us. The Representatives Warrants will be exercisable upon issuance, will have an exercise price equal to 100% of the initial public offering price and will terminate on the fifth anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. The Representatives Warrants and the underlying shares of common stock are deemed compensation by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., or FINRA, and will therefore be subject to FINRA Rule 5110(g)(1). In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(1), neither the Representatives Warrants nor any of our shares issued upon exercise of the Representatives Warrants may be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of such securities by any person, for a period of 180 days immediately following the date of effectiveness or commencement of sales of the offering pursuant to which the Representatives Warrants are being issued, subject to certain exceptions.
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Further, we have agreed to offer to engage the representative as our exclusive financial advisor, exclusive placement agent or sole underwriter, as applicable, in connection with a merger or acquisition transaction, SPAC transaction or any public offering of equity, equity-linked or debt securities by us. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(6)(A), this right shall not have a duration of more than three years from the commencement of sales in this offering. The terms of any such engagement will be set forth in a separate agreement between us and the representative, and will contain terms and conditions that are customary for the representative for similar transactions.
We will grant the underwriters an overallotment option. This option, which will be exercisable for up to 30 days after the date of this prospectus, will permit the underwriters to purchase up to shares of common stock at the public offering price, less underwriting discounts and commissions, to cover overallotments, if any.
The following tables show the per share and total underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid to the underwriters by the company. Such amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares:
Per Share | Total | |||||||||||||||
Without Over- allotment Option |
With Over- allotment Option |
Without Over- allotment Option |
With Over- allotment Option |
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Public offering price |
$ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid by us |
Indemnification
Pursuant to the underwriting agreement, we will agree to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments that the underwriters or such other indemnified parties may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.
Lock-Up Agreements
We will agree not to (i) offer, pledge, issue, sell, contract to sell, purchase, contract to purchase, lend or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our common stock; (ii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of shares of common stock; or (iii) file any registration statement with the SEC relating to the offering of any shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock, without the prior written consent of Roth Capital Partners, LLC and subject to limited exceptions, for a period of 180 days following the date of this prospectus, or the Lock-up Period. This consent may be given at any time without public notice. These restrictions on future issuances will be subject to exceptions for (i) the issuance of shares of our common stock in this offering, (ii) the issuance of shares of our common stock or options to acquire shares of our common stock pursuant to our equity incentive plans and (iii) the filing of one or more registration statements on Form S-8 with respect to shares of our common stock underlying our equity incentive plans from time to time, including the Equity Plan.
In addition, each of our directors and executive officers and all of the historical owners of GEN Restaurant Group will enter into a lock-up agreement with the underwriter. Under these lock-up agreements, the directors and executive officers and all of the historical owners of GEN Restaurant Group may not, subject to certain exceptions, directly or indirectly, sell, offer to sell, contract to sell, or grant any option for the sale (including any short sale), grant any security interest in, pledge, hypothecate, hedge, establish an open put equivalent position (within the meaning of Rule 16a-1(h) under the Exchange Act), or otherwise dispose of, or enter into any transaction which is designed to or could be expected to result in the disposition of, any shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of our common stock, or publicly announce any
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intention to do any of the foregoing, without the prior written consent of Roth Capital Partners, LLC and subject to limited exceptions, for a period of 180 days from the date of this prospectus. This consent may be given at any time without public notice.
Electronic Distribution
This prospectus may be made available in electronic format on websites or through other online services maintained by the underwriters or by their affiliates. In those cases, prospective investors may view offering terms online and prospective investors may be allowed to place orders online. Other than this prospectus in electronic format, the information on the underwriters websites or our website and any information contained in any other websites maintained by the underwriters or by us is not part of this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved and/or endorsed by us or any underwriter in its capacity as underwriter, and should not be relied upon by investors.
Price Stabilization, Short Positions and Penalty Bids
In connection with the offering, the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act:
| Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum. |
| Sales by the underwriters of securities in excess of the number of securities the underwriters is obligated to purchase creates a syndicate short position. The underwriters may close out any syndicate short position by purchasing shares in the open market. |
| Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of the common stock in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions. |
| Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the common stock originally sold by the syndicate member is purchased in a stabilizing or syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate short positions. |
These stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common stock. As a result, the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. These transactions may be discontinued at any time.
Neither we nor the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of our shares of common stock. In addition, neither we nor the underwriters make any representation that the underwriters will engage in these transactions or that any transaction, if commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
Passive Market Making
In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in passive market making transactions in our common stock on the Exchange in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act, during a period before the commencement of offers or sales of the shares and extending through the completion of the distribution. A passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid of that security. However, if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market makers bid, then that bid must then be lowered when specified purchase limits are exceeded.
Other Relationships
From time to time, the underwriters and their affiliates have provided, and may provide in the future, various advisory, investment and commercial banking and other services to us in the ordinary course of business,
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for which they have received and may continue to receive customary fees and commissions. However, except as disclosed in this prospectus, we have no present arrangements with the underwriters for any further services.
Pricing of the Offering
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. The initial public offering price will be determined by arms length negotiations between us and the underwriter. In determining the initial public offering price, we and the representative expect to consider a number of factors including:
| the information set forth in this prospectus and otherwise available to the representative; |
| an assessment of our management; |
| our future prospects and those of our industry in general; |
| our sales, earnings, and certain other financial and operating information in recent periods, and the price-earnings ratios and price-sales ratios; |
| the market price of securities; |
| certain financial and operating information of companies engaged in activities similar to ours; and |
| other factors deemed relevant by the representative and us. |
Offer Restrictions Outside the United States
Other than in the United States, no action has been taken by us or the underwriter that would permit a public offering of the securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. The securities offered by this prospectus may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sale of any such securities be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this prospectus comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the offering and the distribution of this prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.
Selling Restrictions
Australia
This prospectus is not a disclosure document under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act, has not been lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission and does not purport to include the information required of a disclosure document under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act. Accordingly, (i) the offer of the securities under this prospectus is only made to persons to whom it is lawful to offer the securities without disclosure under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act under one or more exemptions set out in section 708 of the Australian Corporations Act, (ii) this prospectus is made available in Australia only to those persons as set forth in clause (i) above, and (iii) the offeree must be sent a notice stating in substance that by accepting this offer, the offeree represents that the offeree is such a person as set forth in clause (i) above, and, unless permitted under the Australian Corporations Act, agrees not to sell or offer for sale within Australia any of the securities sold to the offeree within 12 months after its transfer to the offeree under this prospectus.
Canada
The securities may be sold in Canada only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or
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subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the securities must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws. Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchasers province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchasers province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor. Pursuant to section 3A.3 of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriter is not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.
China
The information in this document does not constitute a public offer of the securities, whether by way of sale or subscription, in the Peoples Republic of China (excluding, for purposes of this paragraph, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macau Special Administrative Region and Taiwan). The securities may not be offered or sold directly or indirectly in the PRC to legal or natural persons other than directly to qualified domestic institutional investors.
European Economic Area Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg and Netherlands
The information in this document has been prepared on the basis that all offers of securities will be made pursuant to an exemption under the Directive 2003/71/EC (Prospectus Directive), as implemented in Member States of the European Economic Area (each, a Relevant Member State), from the requirement to produce a prospectus for offers of securities.
An offer to the public of securities has not been made, and may not be made, in a Relevant Member State except pursuant to one of the following exemptions under the Prospectus Directive as implemented in that Relevant Member State:
| to legal entities that are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities; |
| to any legal entity that has two or more of (i) an average of at least 250 employees during its last fiscal year; (ii) a total balance sheet of more than 43 million (as shown on its last annual unconsolidated or consolidated financial statements) and (iii) an annual net turnover of more than 50 million (as shown on its last annual unconsolidated or consolidated financial statements); |
| to fewer than 100 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors within the meaning of Article 2(1)(e) of the Prospectus Directive) subject to obtaining our prior consent or any underwriter for any such offer; or |
| in any other circumstances falling within Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive, provided that no such offer of securities shall require us to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive. |
France
This document is not being distributed in the context of a public offering of financial securities (offre au public de titres financiers) in France within the meaning of Article L.411-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code (Code monétaire et financier) and Articles 211-1 et seq. of the General Regulation of the French Autorité des marchés financiers (AMF). The securities have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in France.
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This document and any other offering material relating to the securities have not been, and will not be, submitted to the AMF for approval in France and, accordingly, may not be distributed or caused to distributed, directly or indirectly, to the public in France.
Such offers, sales and distributions have been and shall only be made in France to (i) qualified investors (investisseurs qualifiés) acting for their own account, as defined in and in accordance with Articles L.411-2-II-2 and D.411-1 to D.411-3, D. 744-1, D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code and any implementing regulation and/or (ii) a restricted number of non-qualified investors (cercle restreint dinvestisseurs) acting for their own account, as defined in and in accordance with Articles L.411-2-II-2° and D.411-4, D.744-1, D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code and any implementing regulation.
Pursuant to Article 211-3 of the General Regulation of the AMF, investors in France are informed that the securities cannot be distributed (directly or indirectly) to the public by the investors otherwise than in accordance with Articles L.411-1, L.411-2, L.412-1 and L.621-8 to L.621-8-3 of the French Monetary and Financial Code.
Ireland
The information in this document does not constitute a prospectus under any Irish laws or regulations and this document has not been filed with or approved by any Irish regulatory authority as the information has not been prepared in the context of a public offering of securities in Ireland within the meaning of the Irish Prospectus (Directive 2003/71/EC) Regulations 2005 (the Prospectus Regulations). The securities have not been offered or sold, and will not be offered, sold or delivered directly or indirectly in Ireland by way of a public offering, except to (i) qualified investors as defined in Regulation 2(l) of the Prospectus Regulations and (ii) fewer than 100 natural or legal persons who are not qualified investors.
Israel
The securities offered by this prospectus have not been approved or disapproved by the Israeli Securities Authority (the ISA), or ISA, nor have such securities been registered for sale in Israel. The shares may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in Israel, absent the publication of a prospectus. The ISA has not issued permits, approvals or licenses in connection with this offering or publishing the prospectus; nor has it authenticated the details included herein, confirmed their reliability or completeness, or rendered an opinion as to the quality of the securities being offered. Any resale in Israel, directly or indirectly, to the public of the securities offered by this prospectus is subject to restrictions on transferability and must be effected only in compliance with the Israeli securities laws and regulations.
Italy
The offering of the securities in the Republic of Italy has not been authorized by the Italian Securities and Exchange Commission (Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa, CONSOB pursuant to the Italian securities legislation and, accordingly, no offering material relating to the securities may be distributed in Italy and such securities may not be offered or sold in Italy in a public offer within the meaning of Article 1.1(t) of Legislative Decree No. 58 of 24 February 1998 (Decree No. 58), other than:
| to Italian qualified investors, as defined in Article 100 of Decree no. 58 by reference to Article 34-ter of CONSOB Regulation no. 11971 of 14 May 1999 (Regulation no. 1197l) as amended (Qualified Investors); and |
| in other circumstances that are exempt from the rules on public offer pursuant to Article 100 of Decree No. 58 and Article 34-ter of Regulation No. 11971 as amended. |
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Any offer, sale or delivery of the securities or distribution of any offer document relating to the securities in Italy (excluding placements where a Qualified Investor solicits an offer from the issuer) under the paragraphs above must be:
| made by investment firms, banks or financial intermediaries permitted to conduct such activities in Italy in accordance with Legislative Decree No. 385 of 1 September 1993 (as amended), Decree No. 58, CONSOB Regulation No. 16190 of 29 October 2007 and any other applicable laws; and |
| in compliance with all relevant Italian securities, tax and exchange controls and any other applicable laws. |
Any subsequent distribution of the securities in Italy must be made in compliance with the public offer and prospectus requirement rules provided under Decree No. 58 and the Regulation No. 11971 as amended, unless an exception from those rules applies. Failure to comply with such rules may result in the sale of such securities being declared null and void and in the liability of the entity transferring the securities for any damages suffered by the investors.
Japan
The securities have not been and will not be registered under Article 4, paragraph 1 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan (Law No. 25 of 1948), as amended (the FIEL) pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements applicable to a private placement of securities to Qualified Institutional Investors (as defined in and in accordance with Article 2, paragraph 3 of the FIEL and the regulations promulgated thereunder). Accordingly, the securities may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan other than Qualified Institutional Investors. Any Qualified Institutional Investor who acquires securities may not resell them to any person in Japan that is not a Qualified Institutional Investor, and acquisition by any such person of securities is conditional upon the execution of an agreement to that effect.
New Zealand
The shares of common stock offered hereby have not been offered or sold, and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly in New Zealand and no offering materials or advertisements have been or will be distributed in relation to any offer of shares in New Zealand, in each case other than:
| to persons whose principal business is the investment of money or who, in the course of and for the purposes of their business, habitually invest money; |
| to persons who in all the circumstances can properly be regarded as having been selected otherwise than as members of the public; |
| to persons who are each required to pay a minimum subscription price of at least NZ$500 thousand for the shares before the allotment of those shares (disregarding any amounts payable, or paid, out of money lent by the issuer or any associated person of the issuer); or |
| in other circumstances where there is no contravention of the Securities Act 1978 of New Zealand (or any statutory modification or reenactment of, or statutory substitution for, the Securities Act 1978 of New Zealand). |
Portugal
This document is not being distributed in the context of a public offer of financial securities (oferta pública de valores mobiliários) in Portugal, within the meaning of Article 109 of the Portuguese Securities Code (Código dos Valores Mobiliários). The securities have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in Portugal. This document and any other offering material relating to the securities have
142
not been, and will not be, submitted to the Portuguese Securities Market Commission (Comissăo do Mercado de Valores Mobiliários) for approval in Portugal and, accordingly, may not be distributed or caused to distributed, directly or indirectly, to the public in Portugal, other than under circumstances that are deemed not to qualify as a public offer under the Portuguese Securities Code. Such offers, sales and distributions of securities in Portugal are limited to persons who are qualified investors (as defined in the Portuguese Securities Code). Only such investors may receive this document and they may not distribute it or the information contained in it to any other person.
Sweden
This document has not been, and will not be, registered with or approved by Finansinspektionen (the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority). Accordingly, this document may not be made available, nor may
the securities be offered for sale in Sweden, other than under circumstances that are deemed not to require a prospectus under the Swedish Financial Instruments Trading Act (1991:980) (Sw. lag (1991:980) om handel med finansiella instrument). Any offering of securities in Sweden is limited to persons who are qualified investors (as defined in the Financial Instruments Trading Act). Only such investors may receive this document and they may not distribute it or the information contained in it to any other person.
Switzerland
The securities may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange (SIX) or on any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. This document has been prepared without regard to the disclosure standards for issuance prospectuses under art. 652a or art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standards for listing prospectuses under art. 27 ff. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. Neither this document nor any other offering material relating to the securities may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.
Neither this document nor any other offering material relating to the securities have been or will be filed with or approved by any Swiss regulatory authority. In particular, this document will not be filed with, and the offer of securities will not be supervised by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA).
This document is personal to the recipient only and not for general circulation in Switzerland.
United Arab Emirates
Neither this document nor the securities have been approved, disapproved or passed on in any way by the Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates or any other governmental authority in the United Arab Emirates, nor have we received authorization or licensing from the Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates or any other governmental authority in the United Arab Emirates to market or sell the securities within the United Arab Emirates. This document does not constitute and may not be used for the purpose of an offer or invitation. We may not render services relating to the securities within the United Arab Emirates, including the receipt of applications and/or the allotment or redemption of such shares.
No offer or invitation to subscribe for securities is valid or permitted in the Dubai International Financial Centre.
United Kingdom
Neither the information in this document nor any other document relating to the offer has been delivered for approval to the Financial Services Authority in the United Kingdom and no prospectus (within the meaning of section 85 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as amended (FSMA)) has been published or is intended to be published in respect of the securities. This document is issued on a confidential basis to qualified
143
investors (within the meaning of section 86(7) of FSMA) in the United Kingdom, and the securities may not be offered or sold in the United Kingdom by means of this document, any accompanying letter or any other document, except in circumstances which do not require the publication of a prospectus pursuant to section 86(1) FSMA. This document should not be distributed, published or reproduced, in whole or in part, nor may its contents be disclosed by recipients to any other person in the United Kingdom.
Any invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of FSMA) received in connection with the issue or sale of the securities has only been communicated or caused to be communicated and will only be communicated or caused to be communicated in the United Kingdom in circumstances in which section 21(1) of FSMA does not apply us.
In the United Kingdom, this document is being distributed only to, and is directed at, persons (i) who have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within Article 19(5) (investment professionals) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotions) Order 2005 (FPO), (ii) who fall within the categories of persons referred to in Article 49(2)(a) to (d) (high net worth companies, unincorporated associations, etc.) of the FPO or (iii) to whom it may otherwise be lawfully communicated (together relevant persons). The investments to which this document relates are available only to, and any invitation, offer or agreement to purchase will be engaged in only with, relevant persons. Any person who is not a relevant person should not act or rely on this document or any of its contents.
144
The validity of the shares of Class A common stock offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP. Certain legal matters in connection with the shares of Class A common stock offered hereby will be passed upon for the underwriters by Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth, P.C.
The combined financial statements of GEN Restaurant Group as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 and for the two years then ended, included in this prospectus, which are referred to and made part of this prospectus and Registration Statement, have been audited by Marcum LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act relating to the shares of our Class A common stock offered by this prospectus. This prospectus, which constitutes a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement or the exhibits and schedules thereto. For more information regarding us and the shares of our Class A common stock offered by this prospectus, we refer you to the full registration statement, including the exhibits and schedules filed therewith. This prospectus summarizes certain provisions of certain contracts and other documents filed as exhibits to which we refer you. Because the summaries may not contain all of the information that you may find important, you should review the full text of those documents.
The SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains reports, information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. Our registration statement, of which this prospectus constitutes a part, can be downloaded from the SECs website. As a result of the offering, we will become subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and will file with or furnish to the SEC periodic reports and other information. We intend to furnish or make available to our stockholders annual reports containing our audited financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. We also intend to furnish or make available to our stockholders quarterly reports containing our unaudited interim financial information, for the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year. Our website is located at www.genkoreanbbq.com. Following the completion of this offering, we intend to make our periodic reports and other information filed with or furnished to the SEC available, free of charge, through our website, as soon as reasonably practicable after those reports and other information are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. Information contained on our website or linked therein or otherwise connected thereto does not constitute part of nor is it incorporated by reference into this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
145
Page(s) | ||||
Combined Unaudited Financial Statements for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022: |
||||
F-2 | ||||
F-3 | ||||
Condensed Combined Statements of Changes in Permanent Equity (deficit) |
F-4 | |||
F-5 | ||||
F-6 |
Page(s) | ||||
Combined Audited Financial Statements for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021: |
||||
F-21 | ||||
F-23 | ||||
F-24 | ||||
Combined Statements of Changes in Permanent Equity (deficit) |
F-25 | |||
F-26 | ||||
F-27 |
F-1
Condensed Combined Balance Sheets
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
(in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 9,775 | $ | 11,195 | ||||
Inventories |
1,344 | 2,542 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
1,188 | 994 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current assets |
12,307 | 14,731 | ||||||
Equity method investment |
648 | 618 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
23,147 | 21,283 | ||||||
Operating lease assets |
89,600 | 90,713 | ||||||
Notes receivable from related party, net of current portion |
12,950 | 10,850 | ||||||
Deferred offering costs |
137 | | ||||||
Other assets |
685 | 683 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total assets |
$ | 139,474 | $ | 138,878 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Liabilities and equity (deficit) |
||||||||
Current liabilities |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
4,638 | 7,474 | ||||||
Accrued salaries and benefits |
833 | 1,976 | ||||||
Accrued interest |
199 | 175 | ||||||
Notes payable, current |
596 | 624 | ||||||
Line of credit |
6,741 | 6,894 | ||||||
Notes payable to related parties, current |
2,150 | 3,021 | ||||||
Obligations under finance leases, current |
133 | 134 | ||||||
Operating lease liabilities, current |
4,287 | 4,096 | ||||||
Deferred Restaurant Revitalization Fund grant |
3,806 | 3,806 | ||||||
Advances from members |
7,431 | 4,442 | ||||||
Other current liabilities |
4,878 | 4,624 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current liabilities |
35,692 | 37,266 | ||||||
Notes payable, net of current portion |
6,467 | 5,316 | ||||||
Notes payable to related parties, net of current portion |
1,221 | 500 | ||||||
Obligations under finance leases, net of current portion |
135 | 185 | ||||||
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion |
99,748 | 100,872 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities |
143,263 | 144,139 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11) |
||||||||
Mezzanine equity |
||||||||
EB-5 Members equity |
1,500 | 1,500 | ||||||
Permanent equity (deficit) |
||||||||
Members equity (deficit) |
(8,936 | ) | (10,011 | ) | ||||
Noncontrolling interest |
3,647 | 3,250 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total permanent equity (deficit) |
(5,289 | ) | (6,761 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities and equity (deficit) |
$ | 139,474 | $ | 138,878 | ||||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to condensed combined financial statements.
F-2
Condensed Combined Income Statements
(unaudited)
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||||
(in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||
Revenue |
$ | 43,862 | $ | 38,252 | ||||
Restaurant operating expenses: |
||||||||
Food cost |
14,305 | 12,899 | ||||||
Payroll and benefits |
13,652 | 11,299 | ||||||
Occupancy expenses |
3,432 | 2,702 | ||||||
Operating expenses |
4,126 | 3,284 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,113 | 1,055 | ||||||
Pre-opening Costs |
519 | 158 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total restaurant operating expenses |
37,147 | 31,397 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
General and administrative |
2,055 | 1,764 | ||||||
Consulting fees - related party |
880 | 2,077 | ||||||
Management fees |
588 | 535 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization - corporate |
18 | 7 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total costs and expenses |
40,688 | 35,780 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Income from operations |
3,174 | 2,472 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Gain on extinguishment of PPP debt |
| 387 | ||||||
Employee retention credits |
1,165 | 45 | ||||||
Interest expense, net |
(189 | ) | (82 | ) | ||||
Equity in income of equity method investee |
381 | 540 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net income |
4,531 | 3,362 | ||||||
Net Income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
397 | 373 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net income attributable to GEN Restaurant Group |
$ | 4,134 | $ | 2,989 | ||||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to condensed combined financial statements.
F-3
Condensed Combined Statements of Changes in Permanent Equity (Deficit)
(unaudited)
Three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022
(in thousands) |
Members Equity (Deficit) |
Non- Controlling Interest |
Total | |||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2022 |
$ | (10,011 | ) | $ | 3,250 | $ | (6,761 | ) | ||||
Distributions |
(3,059 | ) | | (3,059 | ) | |||||||
Net Income |
4,134 | 397 | 4,531 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance, March 31, 2023 |
$ | (8,936 | ) | $ | 3,647 | $ | (5,289 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
(in thousands) |
Members Equity (Deficit) |
Non- Controlling Interest |
Total | |||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2021 |
$ | 8,894 | $ | 1,799 | $ | 10,693 | ||||||
Distributions |
(17,334 | ) | | (17,334 | ) | |||||||
Net Income |
2,989 | 373 | 3,362 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance, March 31, 2022 |
$ | (5,451 | ) | $ | 2,172 | $ | (3,279 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to condensed combined financial statements.
F-4
Condensed Combined Statements of Cash Flows
(unaudited)
Three months ended March 31, |
||||||||
(in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||
Cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||
Net Income |
$ | 4,531 | $ | 3,362 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities |
||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,131 | 1,062 | ||||||
Equity in income of equity method investee, net of distributions |
(31 | ) | (503 | ) | ||||
Gain on extinguishment of debt, PPP |
| (387 | ) | |||||
Amortization of operating lease assets |
1,140 | 819 | ||||||
Aborted deferred IPO costs written off |
| | ||||||
Interest income earned on Notes receivable from related party |
(47 | ) | (60 | ) | ||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Inventories |
1,198 | (1,427 | ) | |||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
(146 | ) | 255 | |||||
Other assets |
(3 | ) | 18 | |||||
Accounts payable |
(3,020 | ) | 386 | |||||
Accrued salaries and benefits |
(1,143 | ) | (106 | ) | ||||
Accrued interest |
24 | (150 | ) | |||||
Other current liabilities |
117 | 723 | ||||||
Operating lease liabilities |
(961 | ) | (1,138 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
2,790 | 2,854 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Cash flows from investing activities |
||||||||
Proceeds from recovery of Notes receivable from related party |
| 13,344 | ||||||
Advances made to related party |
(2,100 | ) | | |||||
Purchase of property and equipment |
(2,808 | ) | (1,697 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
(4,908 | ) | 11,647 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Cash flows from financing activities |
||||||||
Advances from members |
2,989 | 1,100 | ||||||
Payments for deferred offering costs |
| (216 | ) | |||||
Proceeds from PPP and EIDL loans |
| 2,700 | ||||||
Payments on PPP and EIDL loans |
(22 | ) | (131 | ) | ||||
Payments on finance leases |
(51 | ) | (103 | ) | ||||
Payments on third party loans |
(156 | ) | (115 | ) | ||||
Payments on related party loans |
(650 | ) | (7,687 | ) | ||||
Payments on line of credit |
(153 | ) | | |||||
Proceeds from third party loans |
1,300 | 7,879 | ||||||
Proceeds from related party loans |
500 | 1,800 | ||||||
Member contributions |
| 320 | ||||||
Member distributions |
(3,059 | ) | (17,654 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |
698 | (12,107 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
(1,420 | ) | 2,394 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
11,195 | 9,890 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of quarter |
$ | 9,775 | $ | 12,284 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Supplemental disclosures of other cash flow information: |
||||||||
Cash paid for interest |
76 | 313 | ||||||
Cash paid for taxes |
| | ||||||
Unpaid purchases of property and equipment |
381 | 379 | ||||||
Receivable for member contributions |
60 | 10 | ||||||
Operating right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities |
| 92,281 | ||||||
Unpaid deferred offering cost |
$ | 137 | $ | 481 |
See accompanying notes to condensed combined financial statements.
F-5
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
(1) | Organization and Description of Business |
The accompanying combined financial statements represent the combined balance sheets, income statements, changes in permanent equity (deficit), and cash flows of GEN Restaurant Group, LLC, GEN Restaurant Management, LLC and certain of their affiliated entities (collectively referred to hereinafter as the Company). The Company operates restaurants which are located in California, Arizona, Hawaii, Nevada, New York, and Texas, specializing in a variety of special flavored meats for Korean barbeque.
The following tables lists the Companys entities in operation as of March 31, 2023:
Name |
Operating Name |
State |
Purpose | |||
GEN Restaurant Group, LLC |
GEN Tustin | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Huntington Beach | CA | Restaurant | ||||
GEN Oxnard | CA | Restaurant | ||||
JC Group International Inc. (S Corp) |
GEN Henderson | NV | Restaurant | |||
GEN West Covina | CA | Restaurant | ||||
GEN Corona | CA | Restaurant | ||||
GEN Restaurant Investment, LLC |
GEN Glendale | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN California, LLC |
GEN Fullerton | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Mira Mesa | CA | Restaurant | ||||
GEN Arizona, LLC |
GEN Tempe | AZ | Restaurant | |||
GEN Nevada, LLC |
GEN Sahara | NV | Restaurant | |||
GEN Miracle Mile | NV | Restaurant | ||||
GEN Alhambra, LLC |
GEN Alhambra | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Cerritos, LLC |
GEN Cerritos | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Torrance, LLC |
GEN Torrance | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Rancho Cucamonga, LP |
GEN Rancho Cucamonga | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN San Jose, LP |
GEN San Jose | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Northridge, LP |
GEN Northridge | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Chino Hills, LP |
GEN Chino Hills | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Carrollton, LP |
GEN Carrollton | TX | Restaurant | |||
GEN Fremont, LP |
GEN Fremont | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Concord, LP |
GEN Concord | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Webster, LP |
GEN Webster | TX | Restaurant | |||
GEN Westgate, LP |
GEN Westgate | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Manhattan NYU, LP |
GEN Manhattan | NY | Restaurant | |||
GEN Mountain View, LP |
GEN Mountain View | CA | Restaurant | |||
GKBH Restaurant, LLC |
GEN Korean BBQ | HI | Restaurant | |||
GEN Hawaii, LLC |
Investment Company | HI | Management of GKBH | |||
GEN Online, LLC |
GEN Online | CA | Website sales | |||
GEN Sacramento, LP |
GEN Sacramento | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Pearlridge, LLC |
GEN Pearlridge | HI | Restaurant | |||
GEN Frisco, LP |
GEN Frisco | TX | Restaurant | |||
GEN Houston, LLC |
GEN Houston | TX | Restaurant | |||
GEN Texas, LLC |
Investment Company | TX | Management of GEN Houston and GEN Webster | |||
GEN Master, LLC |
Holding Company | NV | Management | |||
GEN Restaurant Management, LLC |
GRM | DE | Management |
F-6
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
The above entities are collectively owned 100% by the controlling group, with the exception of GEN Houston, and Gen Webster, 49% of which is owned by an outside investor. The Company also has an equity method investment in its GEN Hawaii restaurant, with a 50% ownership share. On March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were 31 restaurants in operation.
(2) | Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
(a) | Basis of Presentation |
The accompanying condensed combined financial statements represent the balance sheets and the statements of income, changes in permanent equity, and cash flows of the Company, collectively, since the affiliated entities are under common management, share a common brand, and are contemplating a roll-up (going public) transaction.
The accompanying condensed combined financial statements of the Company, collectively, have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. As such, these unaudited condensed combined financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited combined financial statements and accompany notes included elsewhere in this registration statement. The unaudited condensed combined financial statements were prepared on the same basis as the audited combined financial statements, and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments (all of which were considered of normal recurring nature) considered necessary to present fairly the Companys financial results. The results of the three months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023 and for any other interim period or other future year.
(b) | Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements |
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial InstrumentsCredit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASU 2016-13). ASU 2016-13 amends the impairment model by requiring entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including receivables. In January 2023, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-13, and concluded that the adoption of ASC 326 did not have a material impact on the Companys recognition of financial instruments within the scope of the standard.
(c) | Use of Estimates |
The accompanying unaudited condensed combined financial statements of the Company have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP and applicable rules, and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. As such, these unaudited condensed combined financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited combined financial statements and accompanying notes included elsewhere in this registration statement. The unaudited condensed combined financial statements were prepared on the same
F-7
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
basis as the audited combined financial statements presented elsewhere in this registration statement, and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments (all of which were considered of normal recurring nature) considered necessary to present fairly the Companys financial results. The results of the three months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessary indicative of the results to be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023, and for any other interim period or other future year.
(d) | Cash and Cash Equivalents |
The Company and its related entities consider all highly liquid instruments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist principally of credit card transactions in transit. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were deposits in excess of federally insured amounts of $6.4 million and $3.5 million, respectively.
(e) | Concentration Risk |
The Company relies on third parties for specified food products and supplies. In instances where these parties fail to perform their obligation, the Company may be unable to find alternative suppliers.
The Company relies on U.S. Foods, an unrelated third-party for its food costs. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, U.S. Foods accounted for approximately 52.2% and 55.6% of total food costs, respectively.
The Company is subject to supplier concentration risk as Pacific Global Distribution, Inc. (PGD), which provided restaurant supplies such as tableware, napkins, soda, sauces, and is a subsidiary of a related party. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, PGD accounted for approximately 22.3% and 37.0% of total operating expenses, respectively.
The Company also relies on Wise Universal, Inc. (Wise) an entity 60% owned by a related party, which provides food products for 12 restaurants. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, Wise accounted for approximately 27.8% and 30.6% of total food costs, respectively.
(f) | Inventories |
Inventories consist principally of food and beverages and are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method (FIFO) for all inventories.
(g) | Revenue Recognition |
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenue from the operation of the restaurants is recognized as food and beverage products are delivered to customers and payment is tendered at the time of sale. Sales tax amounts collected from customers are remitted to governmental authorities and are excluded from sales.
(h) | Property and Equipment |
Property and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Property and equipment under finance leases are stated at the present value of minimum lease payments.
F-8
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
The estimated useful service lives are as follows:
Equipment |
5 - 7 Years | |
Furniture and fixtures |
5 - 7 Years | |
Leasehold improvements |
Shorter of useful life or remaining lease term |
The Company and its related entities capitalize certain costs in conjunction with improvements to specific sites for planned future restaurants. The Company and its related entities also capitalize certain costs, including interest, in conjunction with constructing new restaurants. These costs are included in property and equipment and are amortized over the shorter of the life of the related leasehold improvements or the remaining lease term. Costs related to abandoned sites and other site selection costs that cannot be identified with specific restaurants are charged to general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed combined income statements. The Company and its related entities did not capitalize any internal costs related to site preparation and construction activities during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2022 as any amounts were deemed immaterial.
(i) | Other Assets and Other Current Liabilities |
Other assets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 consist of the following:
(in thousands) | March 31, | December 31, | ||||||
Other Assets |
2023 | 2022 | ||||||
Security Deposits |
$ | 444 | $ | 444 | ||||
Liquor Licenses |
214 | 224 | ||||||
Other |
27 | 15 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Other Assets |
$ | 685 | $ | 683 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Other Current Liabilities as of March 31, 2023 and as of December 31, 2022 consist of the following:
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
Other Current Liabilities |
2023 | 2022 | ||||||
Sales tax payable |
$ | 1,440 | $ | 1,468 | ||||
Accrued percentage rent |
1,367 | 1,246 | ||||||
Misc. accrued expenses |
2,071 | 1,910 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Other Current Liabilities |
$ | 4,878 | $ | 4,624 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(j) | Advances from members |
Advances from members consist of funding received from member owners. As of March 31, 2023, the members had funded a total of $7.4 million and as of December 31, 2022, the members had funded a total of $4.4 million in cash to cover a portion of the costs of the initial public offering (Public Offering) (See Note 10 for further discussion).
F-9
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
(k) | Pre-Opening Costs |
Pre-opening costs, incurred in connection with the opening of new restaurants, are expensed as incurred. Pre-opening costs were $519 thousand and $158 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively.
(l) | Income Taxes |
The Company and its related entities are organized as limited liability companies or limited partnerships and are treated as pass-through entities for federal and state income tax purposes. As the Company and its related entities have elected to be treated as partnerships for income tax purposes and are not subject to federal or state income taxes, income or loss is included in the tax returns of the members or the partners of the Company and its related entities based on their respective shares.
(m) | Long-Lived Assets |
Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment owned, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If circumstances require a long- lived asset or asset group to be tested for possible impairment, undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group are compared to its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or asset group is not expected to be recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, an impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds its fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values, and third-party independent appraisals, as considered necessary. We assessed our long-lived assets for potential impairment with the result that no impairment charges were recorded in any of the periods presented.
(n) | Interest Expense |
A reconciliation of total interest cost to interest expense as reported in the condensed combined income statement for the three months ending March 31, 2023 and the three months endings March 31, 2022 is as follows:
Three months ended | ||||||||
March 31, | March 31, | |||||||
(in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||
Interest cost capitalized |
$ | | $ | | ||||
Interest expense |
256 | 146 | ||||||
PPP interest expense forgiveness |
| (4 | ) | |||||
Interest income |
(67 | ) | (60 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total interest expense, net |
$ | 189 | $ | 82 |
(o) | Liquor Licenses |
Liquor licenses are deemed to have indefinite useful lives and are qualitatively tested on an annual basis for impairment. Liquor licenses are included in other assets in the accompanying balance sheets.
F-10
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
(p) | Sales Taxes |
Sales taxes are imposed by state, county, and city governmental authorities, collected from customers and remitted to the appropriate governmental agency. The Companys policy is to record the sales taxes collected as a liability on the books and then remove the liability when the sales tax is remitted. There is no impact on the condensed combined income statement as restaurant sales are recorded net of sales tax.
(q) | Advertising Costs |
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and are included in General and Administrative costs in the accompanying statements of income.
The Company incurred approximately $33 thousand and $41 thousand in advertising expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(r) | Risks and Uncertainties. |
We are subject to continued risks and uncertainties as a result of the outbreak of, and local, state and federal governmental responses to, the COVID-19 pandemic which was declared a National Public Health Emergency in March 2020. We experienced significant disruptions to our business as suggested and mandated social distancing and shelter-in-place orders led to the temporary closure of all of our restaurants. In the second quarter of fiscal 2020, certain jurisdictions began allowing the reopening of restaurants. While restrictions on the type of operations and occupancy capacity may continue to change, by the end of 2021 all of our restaurants were operating at full capacity. We cannot predict how long the COVID-19 pandemic will last, whether it will reoccur or whether variants will spike, what additional restrictions may be enacted, to what extent we can maintain sales volumes during or following any resumption of mandated social distancing protocols or vaccination or mask mandates and what long-lasting effects the COVID-19 pandemic may have on the restaurant industry as a whole. The ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, including, but not limited to, labor-related impacts, supply chain disruption and changes in consumer behavior, will determine the continued significance of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic to our operating results and financial position. All restaurants are now operating without any restrictions on capacity. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
The Company might experience inflation related to its purchase of certain food products that the Company needs to operate its business. This price volatility could potentially have a material impact on the Companys financial condition and/or its results of operations. In order to mitigate price volatility, the Company monitors price fluctuations and may adjust its prices accordingly, however, the Companys ability to recover higher costs through increased pricing may be limited by the competitive environment in which the Company operates.
(s) | Restaurant Revitalization Fund |
Several of the Companys restaurants received, between May and August 2021, a total of approximately $16.8 million from the Restaurant Revitalization Fund (RRF). The RRF funds must be used for specific purposes, and the Company is required to provide use of funds validation on an annual basis through March 2023. The Company accounted for the RRF funds as a government grant and is recognizing the amounts as income as related expenses are incurred. During the year ending December 31, 2021, the Company recognized approximately $13.0 million as RRF grant income and has deferred the remaining balance of $3.8 million. No RRF grant income was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022.
F-11
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
(t) | Employee Retention Credits |
In March 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act was signed into law, providing numerous tax provisions and other stimulus measures, including the Employee Retention Credit (ERC): a refundable tax credit against certain employment taxes. The Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2020 and the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 extended and expanded the availability of the ERC. We qualified for the ERC in the first and second quarters of 2019, second and fourth quarters of 2020 and first, second and third quarters of 2021. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, we recorded an aggregate benefit of $1.2 million and $45 thousand, respectively, in our condensed combined income statement to reflect the ERC.
(3) | Capital Contributions Receivable |
As of December 31, 2021, the Company and its related entities had capital contributions receivable of $330 thousand from the partners of GEN Webster, GEN Carrollton, GEN Chino Hills, GEN Concord, GEN Fremont, GEN Frisco, GEN Hawaii, GEN Mountain View, GEN Northridge, GEN Pearlridge, GEN Sacramento, GEN Texas, GEN Westgate, and the members of GEN Hawaii. These amounts have been offset against members equity. During January 2022, the partners paid $320 thousand to the Company. As of March 31, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company has $60 thousand in capital contributions receivable from two restaurants: GEN Webster and GEN Kapolei.
(4) | Notes Receivable from related party |
As of December 31, 2021, the Company had notes receivable from related parties for $21.5 million plus approximately $325 thousand interest earned from related parties, Ignite and Put Call Forever, LP, 100% owned by a controlling member with an interest rate of 2.50% per annum and a maturity date of one year. During the month of January 2022, the Company received partial payment on the principal balance outstanding of the Notes receivable from related party of $13.0 million, plus accrued interest earned of approximately $325 thousand.
The Notes receivable from related party balance as of three months ended March 31, 2023, was $13.0 million and the year ended December 31, 2022, was $10.8 million with accrued interest income receivable of $241 thousand and $164 thousand, respectively. The Notes receivable mature in March 2024 with interest rates ranging from 2.0% to 4.0%.
(5) | Property and Equipment, Net |
The costs and related accumulated depreciation and amortization of major classes of property:
Three months ended | Year ended | |||||||
(in thousands) | March 31, 2023 |
December 31, 2022 |
||||||
Equipment |
9,923 | 9,578 | ||||||
Furniture and fixtures |
4,076 | 4,050 | ||||||
Leasehold improvements |
32,388 | 32,157 | ||||||
Other assets |
448 | 448 | ||||||
Construction in progress |
4,829 | 2,435 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 51,664 | $ | 48,668 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(28,517 | ) | (27,385 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Property and Equipment, Net |
$ | 23,147 | $ | 21,283 | ||||
|
|
|
|
F-12
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
The construction in progress balance is related to seven new stores currently being developed for openings expected in 2023.
Total depreciation and amortization for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 was $1.1 million and $1.1 million, respectively, of which $62 thousand and $44 thousand were related to assets acquired under a finance lease, for both periods.
(6) | Equity Method Investment |
On April 1, 2016, GEN Hawaii made an investment of $200 thousand for a 50% interest in GKBH, which operates a GEN restaurant in Hawaii. The Company does not control major operational and financial decisions, which require consent from the other owner. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, and March 31, 2022, the Company received distributions of $350 thousand and $37 thousand, respectively, from GKBH.
A summary of the GKBH financial position for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and results of operations as of March 31, 2023, and March 31, 2022 is as follows (unaudited):
(in thousands) | March 31, 2023 |
December 31, 2022 |
||||||
Current assets |
844 | 846 | ||||||
Noncurrent assets |
2,796 | 892 | ||||||
Current liabilities |
858 | 367 | ||||||
Noncurrent liabilities |
1,481 | 130 | ||||||
Three months ended | ||||||||
(in thousands) | March 31, 2023 |
March 31, 2022 |
||||||
Net sales or gross revenue |
1,829 | 1,633 | ||||||
Operating income |
1,233 | 1,081 | ||||||
Interest expense |
| | ||||||
Net income |
761 | 1,081 | ||||||
Net income attributable to the entity |
381 | 540 |
(7) | Line of Credit |
During March 2022, the Company entered into a new line of credit for $8.0 million with Pacific City Bank; these funds were used to pay off the Ignite related party loans payable. The line of credit matures on September 3, 2023, at a variable interest rate which is defined as the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate plus 1.75%, resulting in an interest rate of 9.75% on March 31, 2023. Only interest payments are due monthly, with the principal balance to be paid in one payment at the maturity date. The balance as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $6.7 million and $6.9 million, respectively.
(8) | Notes Payable |
Notes Payable to Bank
On September 13, 2017, the Company and a commercial bank entered into a loan agreement in the amount of $3.0 million with a maturity date of September 15, 2024, at an interest rate of 6.00% on December 31, 2022. On September 2, 2020, the loan was amended for the amount of the balloon payment due on September 15,
F-13
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
2024. The Company pays $44 thousand each month and will pay one last payment estimated at $263 thousand due on September 15, 2024. Interest on this loan is computed on a 365/360 basis, by applying the ratio of the interest rate over a year of 360 days, multiplied by the outstanding principal balance, multiplied by the actual number of days in the monthly period. This calculation method results in a slightly higher effective interest rate than the numeric interest rate originally stated. This note is guaranteed by six of the Companys entities and is cross guaranteed by related party entities (see Note 11). The balance as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $960 thousand and $1.1 million, respectively.
During the first quarter of 2023, the Company and a commercial bank entered into a loan agreement in the amount of $1.3 million with a maturity date of February 6, 2030, at a variable interest rate which is defined as the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate plus 1.00%, resulting in an interest rate of 8.75% as of March 31, 2023. Principal and interest payments are due monthly and started during March 2023.
Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL)
On July 1, 2020, the Company executed the standard loan documents for six restaurants required for securing an EIDL loan from the United States Small Business Administration (the SBA) under its Economic Injury Disaster Loan assistance program. This assistance was sought in light of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Companys business.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, the Company received $2.6 million in additional EIDL loans. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the total principal amount of the EIDL loans was $4.5 million for both periods and the proceeds were used for working capital purposes. Interest on the EIDL loans accrues at 3.75% per annum and installment payments, including principal and interest, are due monthly beginning twelve months from the date of each loan. The balance of principal and interest is payable over thirty years from the date of the promissory note.
Note Payable to Landlord
In August 2017, GEN Fremont entered into a note agreement with a landlord. The Company is making equal monthly payments on this note which has a July 2027 maturity date, with an interest rate of 8.00% per annum. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the loan balance outstanding was $319 thousand and $334 thousand, respectively.
The aggregate maturities of notes payable as of March 31, 2023:
(in thousands) 2023 |
$ | 596 | ||
2024 |
1,928 | |||
2025 |
179 | |||
2026 |
189 | |||
2027 |
163 | |||
Thereafter |
4,007 | |||
|
|
|||
$ | 7,062 | |||
|
|
|||
Less current portion of notes payable |
(596 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Long term portion |
$ | 6,467 |
(9) | Related Party Notes Payable |
Each of the entities, GEN Alhambra, GEN Cerritos, GEN Torrance, GEN Rancho Cucamonga, GEN San Jose, GEN Northridge, GEN Chino Hills, GEN Carrolton, GEN Hawaii, GEN Fremont, GEN Online, GEN
F-14
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
Concord, GEN Westgate, GEN Mountain View, GEN Sacramento, GEN Pearlridge, GEN Frisco, and GEN Texas (collectively, the Borrowers) had notes payable to Ignite, owned by one of the members of the Company, all with similar terms. Each note allows for draws to be made as individual loans. The total amount of loans under each agreement became due on the fifth anniversary of each note. Maturity dates ranged from January 2020 to December 2025. Interest accrued on each loan using the simple interest method at interest rates ranging from 2.75% to 5.00% of the outstanding principal balance. Interest was paid annually, one year in arrears. Ignite had a security interest in the assets of the borrowers. There were no financial covenants in the note payable agreements. As of December 31, 2021 the outstanding principal under the Ignite notes payable was $7.7 million. During the month of March 2022, the Company repaid the entire $7.7 million principal balance outstanding on the Notes payable.
After repaying the notes payable of $7.7 million with Ignite, the Company signed additional note agreements with Ignite in 2022 and the outstanding principal under Ignite notes payable was $1.1 million as of December 31, 2022.
During 2022, the member owners loaned $1.9 million to the Company for the construction and pre-opening costs at the new GEN Webster restaurant location. The loans bear interest of 3.00% per year and mature on November 25, 2023.
In December 2022, the member owners loaned an additional $500 thousand to the Company for the construction and pre-opening costs. The loan has a variable interest rate which is defined as the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate plus 1.75%, resulting in an interest rate of 9.25% at December 31, 2022. During January 2023, the Company repaid $500 thousand towards the Note Payable related party. During March 2023, the member owner loaned another $500 thousand to the Company and of which $150 thousand was repaid. As of March 31,2023, the balance was $350 thousand.
The aggregate maturities of notes payable from related parties as of March 31, 2023, are as follows:
(in thousands) | ||||
2023 |
2,150 | |||
2024 |
| |||
2025 |
1,221 | |||
|
|
|||
Less current portion of notes payable: |
(2,150 | ) | ||
Notes Payable, net of current portion: |
1,221 |
Interest expense incurred for the related party debt was $23 thousand and $one thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March, 31, 2022, respectively.
(10) | Leases |
At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is a lease based on whether the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Lease classification, measurement, and recognition are determined at lease commencement, which is the date the underlying asset is available for use by the Company. The accounting classification of a lease is based on whether the arrangement is effectively a financed purchase of the underlying asset (finance lease) or not (operating lease). The Company has operating and finance leases for its corporate office, restaurant locations, office equipment and kitchen equipment. Our leases have remaining lease terms of less than 1 year to up to 25 years, including options to extend many of the leases. For leases with renewal periods at the Companys option, the Company determines the expected lease period based on whether the renewal of any options are reasonably assured at the inception of the lease.
F-15
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
Operating leases are accounted for on the balance sheet with the lease assets and liabilities recognized in Operating lease assets, Operating lease liabilities, current and Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion. Finance lease liabilities are recognized on the balance sheet in Obligations under finance leases, current and Obligations under finance leases, net of current portion.
Lease assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date. All lease liabilities are measured at the present value of the lease payments not yet paid. To determine the present value of lease payments not yet paid, we estimate incremental borrowing rates corresponding to the maturities of the leases. We estimate this rate based on prevailing financial market conditions, comparable company and credit analysis, and management judgment. Operating lease assets are initially measured based on the lease liability, adjusted for initial direct costs, prepaid or deferred rent, and lease incentives. The operating lease liabilities are subsequently measured at the carrying amount of the lease liability adjusted for initial direct costs, prepaid or accrued lease payments, and lease incentives.
The following table summarizes the Operating and finance lease activities to the Income statement and Balance sheet for the three months ended March 31, 2023:
(in thousands) | Three months ended | |||||
Operating lease cost |
Classification |
March 31, 2023 | ||||
Operating lease cost |
Occupancy and related expenses, and General and administrative expenses | $ | 2,099 | |||
Variable lease cost |
Occupancy and related expenses, and General and administrative expenses | 1,333 | ||||
Total operating lease cost |
$ | 3,432 |
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:
Operating leases | March 31, 2023 | |||
Operating lease assets |
$ | 89,600 | ||
|
|
|||
Operating lease liabilities, current |
4,287 | |||
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion |
99,748 | |||
|
|
|||
Total operating lease liabilities |
$ | 104,035 | ||
|
|
|||
Finance lease assets, net | March 31, 2023 | |||
Property and equipment |
$ | 905 | ||
Accumulated depreciation |
(776 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Property and equipment, net |
$ | 129 | ||
|
|
|||
Finance lease liabilities | March 31, 2023 | |||
Obligations under finance leases, current |
$ | 133 | ||
Obligations under finance leases, net of current portion |
135 | |||
|
|
|||
Total finance lease liabilities |
$ | 268 | ||
|
|
F-16
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
Twelve months ended | ||||
March 31, 2023 | ||||
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) |
||||
Operating leases |
14.1 | |||
Finance leases |
1.4 | |||
Weighted Average Discount Rate |
||||
Operating leases |
5.24 | % | ||
Finance leases |
7.34 | % |
Maturities of lease liabilities were as follows as of March 31, 2023:
Operating Leases | Finance Leases | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
2023 (remaining months) |
$ | 9,364 | $ | 215 | ||||
2024 |
9,720 | 69 | ||||||
2025 |
9,935 | | ||||||
2026 |
10,112 | | ||||||
2027 |
10,303 | | ||||||
Thereafter |
112,574 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total undiscounted lease payments |
$ | 162,008 | $ | 284 | ||||
Present value discount/interest |
(57,973 | ) | (16 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Present value |
104,035 | 268 | ||||||
Lease liabilities, current |
4,287 | 133 | ||||||
Lease liabilities, net of current |
99,748 | 135 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total operating lease liability |
$ | 104,035 | $ | 268 | ||||
|
|
|
|
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had additional operating leases related to new restaurants the Company has not yet taken possession of that will total $24.1 million in future lease payment commitments. These operating leases are expected to commence later in fiscal year 2023 and have lease terms, including option periods, of 20 to 25 years.
The Company is obligated under finance leases covering certain property and equipment that expire at various dates during the next 2 years. On March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 the gross amounts of property and equipment and related accumulated depreciation and amortization recorded under finance leases were as follows:
Period ended | ||||||||
(in thousands) | March 31, 2023 | March 31, 2022 | ||||||
Property and equipment |
905 | 905 | ||||||
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(776 | ) | (714 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 129 | $ | 191 | |||||
|
|
|
|
Amortization of assets held under finance leases is included with depreciation expense in the condensed combined income statement.
F-17
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
(11) | Commitments and Contingencies |
(a) | Commitments |
On July 14, 2021, the Company entered into a letter of understanding (the Agreement) with an underwriter to serve as the exclusive lead underwriter, placement agent and investment banker for the Company in preparation a Public Offering contemplated by the Company. The term of the Agreement ends 12 months from the engagement date. The placement agent will act as sole underwriter of the Public Offering, subject to completion of placement agents due diligence examination of the Company, and the execution of a definitive underwriting agreement between the Company and the placement agent. The underwriting agreement will provide that the Company will grant the underwriter warrants for the purchase of an amount equal to 3% of the securities issued in the Public Offering. The term of the warrants will be five years from the closing date of the Public Offering and will permit cashless exercise. In connection with the Public Offering, an agreement will be prepared for a 7% commission to the underwriter. Due to continued negative market conditions related to Initial Public Offerings (IPO), the Company has never completed the proposed Public Offering. As a result, the Company entered into the agreement described below and has written off a total of $4.0 million of costs incurred through December 31, 2022, to Aborted IPO costs in the combined income statement.
On October 14, 2022, the Company entered into a letter of understanding (Letter) with an investment banking firm that provides for the investment banking firm to be an exclusive advisor to the Company with respect to a potential sale of the Company. The Letter provides that the investment banking firm will receive a fee of approximately 1.75% of the proceeds from any closed transaction for the sale of the Company. Subsequent to March 31, 2023, this agreement has been terminated by the Company.
On November 23, 2016, pursuant to the U.S. governments Immigrant Investor Program, commonly known as the EB-5 program (the EB-5 Program), Gen Restaurant Investment, LLC entered into an operating agreement with an investor (the EB-5 Investor). Under the terms and conditions of the EB- 5 program, the Company is subject to certain job creation requirements.
As part of the agreement, the Company issued 3 units of Series II Preferred Member Interest in exchange for a 30% interest in Gen Restaurant Investment, LLC and received $1.5 million, recorded as equity. Five years from the date of issue, (the Conversion Date), or after approval of the l-829 petition to USCIS, the EB-5 investor has the option to convert the Series II Units into Series I Units. If the EB-5 Investor does not exercise their conversion option, the Company may exercise its call option to purchase the Class B membership interest for the fair market value. If approval of the preferred members I-526 immigration application is denied, the Company is required to repurchase the preferred member units for $1.5 million.
Accordingly, this has been presented as mezzanine equity, not permanent equity, in the accompanying condensed combined balance sheets.
(b) | Contingencies |
The Company and its related entities are involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, after consulting legal counsel, the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company and its related entities condensed combined financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.
On January 21, 2015, the Company received a class-action lawsuit naming Gen Alhambra, LLC, for alleged wage and hour class violations in Los Angeles County, California. This claim was settled during the year ended December 31, 2022, for an amount of $850 thousand and has been recorded in the Companys books as Other income (expense).
F-18
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
On September 23, 2021, the Company received a lawsuit from an ex-employee naming Gen Cerritos for alleged labor law violations in Los Angeles County, California. The Company plans to continue to defend against this claim and does not expect the outcome of the lawsuit to have a material or any impact on the financial statements of the Company.
On September 17, 2021, the Company received a lawsuit from an ex-employee naming Gen Restaurant Group, LLC for alleged labor law violations in Los Angeles County, California. The Company plans to defend against this claim and does not expect the outcome of the lawsuit to have a material or any impact on the financial statements of the Company.
(12) | Other Related-Party Transactions |
The Company purchased approximately $0.8 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, and March 31, 2022, respectively, of supplies from Pacific Global (PGD), 100% owned by one of the member of the Company and his direct family. Outstanding obligations for supply purchases from PGD of approximately $140 thousand and $126 thousand are included in accounts payable as of March 31, 2023, and March 31, 2022, respectively.
In 2016, the Company entered into a management agreement with JL Restaurant Management, Inc (formerly known as J&J Management Group, Inc.) a third party who shares offices with a member. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company paid approximately $0.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, and March 31, 2022, respectively. As of March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, included in accounts payable were payments due for obligations for management services provided by J&J Management Group of $78 thousand and $0, respectively.
The Company purchased food from Wise Universal Inc., an affiliate 60% owned by one of the members of the Company, for approximately $3.5 million for the three months ended March, 31, 2023 and $3.6 million for three months ended March 31, 2022. As of March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, included in accounts payable were outstanding obligations for food purchases from Wise Universal of approximately $420 thousand and $343 thousand, respectively.
On August 29, 2014, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Ignite (the Consulting Agreement), 100% owned by a controlling member, which provides for annual fees of up to 25% of gross revenue in exchange for various consulting services. Such consulting fees are only paid to the extent the Company and its related entities have adequate resources as determined by the controlling member. The Company paid approximately $880 thousand and $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, and March 31, 2022, respectively, to Ignite for consulting services.
During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, the Company paid approximately $100 thousand and $0 to Fast Fabrications, LLC (Fast Fabrications), for services related to restaurant interior construction. Fast Fabrications is an affiliate that is 100% owned by an employee of the Company. That employee is also a partner in several of the LP entities and a member of GEN Hawaii.
As of December 31, 2021, the Company had notes receivable from Ignite and A/R Put-Forever, LP totaling $21.5 million with interest accruing at 2.5% per annum. The $13.0 million was collected during the three months ending March 31, 2022. During the month of January 2022, the Company received $320 thousand from its partners. As of March 31, 2023, the remaining balance of approximately $13.0 million was outstanding.
As of December 31, 2022, GEN Mountain View had a related party account payable to a company owned by a controlling member of approximately $353 thousand for purchases of fixed assets during 2018. During April 2023, GEN Mountain View paid $30,000 towards this payable.
F-19
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Condensed Notes to Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
March 31, 2023 and 2022
As of September 30, 2022 Gen Restaurant Management had a related party account payable to Ignite of $1 million for the purchase of inventory. During October and November 2022, the Company had repaid the entire balance.
During the year ended December 31, 2021 the owners advanced $2.0 million in cash to cover a portion of the costs of the pending IPO transaction. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the owners advanced an additional $2.4 million. Of this total, $4.0 million was expensed during the year as Deferred offering costs aborted ended December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, the deferred offering costs balance was zero.
(13) | Subsequent Events |
The Company and its related parties evaluated subsequent events from the balance sheet date through May 10, 2023, the date at which the condensed combined financial statements were issued.
Distributions
From April to May 2023, the Company distributed $1.1 million to its member owners.
Employment Retention Credit
From April to May 2023, the Company received additional ERC credit for $1.3 million.
Commitment
Subsequent to March 31, 2023, the Company has re-engaged with an underwriter to serve as the exclusive lead underwriter, placement agent and investment banker for the Company in preparation a Public Offering contemplated by the Company.
Line of Credit
Subsequent to March 31, 2023, the Company borrowed an additional $600 thousand from the Line of Credit.
F-20
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors of
Gen Restaurant Group
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying combined balance sheets of Gen Restaurant Group (the Company) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 and the related combined income statements and combined statements of changes in permanent equity (deficit) and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements
As discussed in Note 2(b) to the combined financial statements, the Company has restated its combined financial statements as of December 31, 2021 and for the year then ended to correct misstatements.
Change in Accounting Principle
As discussed in Note 2(c) to the combined financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for leases in 2022 due to the adoption of ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), as amended, effective January 1, 2022, using the modified retrospective approach.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Companys financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
F-21
/s/ Marcum LLP
Marcum LLP
We have served as the Companys auditor since 2021.
Costa Mesa, California
March 17, 2023 (except for the subsequent events described in Note 13, as to which the date is April 19, 2023)
F-22
Combined Balance Sheets
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2022 | 2021 | |||||||
(in thousands) | (as restated) | |||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 11,195 | $ | 9,890 | ||||
Inventories |
2,542 | 1,129 | ||||||
Notes receivable from related party, current |
| 13,325 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
994 | 1,634 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current assets |
14,731 | 25,978 | ||||||
Equity method investment |
618 | 189 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
21,283 | 17,143 | ||||||
Operating lease assets |
90,713 | | ||||||
Notes receivable from related party, net of current portion |
10,850 | 8,200 | ||||||
Deferred offering costs |
| 1,662 | ||||||
Other assets |
683 | 664 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total assets |
$ | 138,878 | $ | 53,836 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Liabilities and equity (deficit) |
||||||||
Current liabilities |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
7,474 | 5,055 | ||||||
Accrued salaries and benefits |
1,976 | 1,467 | ||||||
Accrued interest |
175 | 261 | ||||||
Notes payable, current |
624 | 679 | ||||||
Line of credit |
6,894 | | ||||||
Notes payable to related parties, current |
3,021 | 4,697 | ||||||
Obligations under finance leases, current |
134 | 214 | ||||||
Deferred rent expense, current |
| 2,314 | ||||||
Operating lease liabilities, current |
4,096 | | ||||||
Deferred Restaurant Revitalization Fund grant |
3,806 | 3,806 | ||||||
Advances from members |
4,442 | 2,000 | ||||||
Other current liabilities |
4,624 | 2,969 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current liabilities |
37,266 | 23,462 | ||||||
Notes payable, net of current portion |
5,316 | 4,021 | ||||||
Notes payable to related parties, net of current portion |
500 | 2,991 | ||||||
Obligations under finance leases, net of current portion |
185 | 297 | ||||||
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion |
100,872 | | ||||||
Deferred rent expense, net of current portion |
| 10,872 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities |
144,139 | 41,643 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11) |
||||||||
Mezzanine equity |
||||||||
EB-5 Members equity |
1,500 | 1,500 | ||||||
Permanent equity (deficit) |
||||||||
Members equity (deficit) |
(10,011 | ) | 8,894 | |||||
Noncontrolling interest |
3,250 | 1,799 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total permanent equity (deficit) |
(6,761 | ) | 10,693 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities and equity (deficit) |
$ | 138,878 | $ | 53,836 | ||||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to combined financial statements.
F-23
Combined Income Statements
Years ended December 31, | ||||||||
(in thousands) | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
(as restated) | ||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 163,729 | $ | 140,561 | ||||
Restaurant operating expenses: |
||||||||
Food cost |
54,357 | 44,688 | ||||||
Payroll and benefits |
48,866 | 40,710 | ||||||
Occupancy expenses |
12,110 | 10,151 | ||||||
Operating expenses |
15,019 | 12,533 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
4,314 | 4,337 | ||||||
Pre-opening Costs |
1,455 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total restaurant operating expenses |
136,121 | 112,419 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
General and administrative |
7,988 | 4,882 | ||||||
Consulting fees - related party |
4,897 | 4,269 | ||||||
Management fees |
2,332 | 2,280 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization - corporate |
39 | 26 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total costs and expenses |
151,377 | 123,876 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Income from operations |
12,352 | 16,685 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Gain on extinguishment of PPP debt |
387 | 22,285 | ||||||
Restaurant Revitalization Fund grant |
| 12,963 | ||||||
Employee retention credits |
3,532 | | ||||||
Aborted deferred IPO costs written off |
(4,036 | ) | | |||||
Other income (expense) |
(835 | ) | 22 | |||||
Interest expense, net |
(634 | ) | (197 | ) | ||||
Equity in income of equity method investee |
966 | 1,086 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net income |
11,732 | 52,844 | ||||||
Net Income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
1,451 | 2,985 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net income attributable to GEN Restaurant Group |
$ | 10,281 | $ | 49,859 | ||||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to combined financial statements.
F-24
Combined Statements of Changes in Permanent Equity (Deficit)
Years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
(in thousands) |
Members Equity (Deficit) |
Non Controlling Interest |
Total | |||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2020 (as previously reported) |
$ | (8,037 | ) | $ | 863 | $ | (7,174 | ) | ||||
Impact of restatement [Note 2(b)] |
(3,480 | ) | (49 | ) | (3,529 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance, December 31, 2020 (as restated) |
(11,517 | ) | 814 | (10,703 | ) | |||||||
Contributions |
60 | | 60 | |||||||||
Distributions |
(29,508 | ) | (2,000 | ) | (31,508 | ) | ||||||
Net Income |
49,859 | 2,985 | 52,844 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance, December 31, 2021 |
$ | 8,894 | $ | 1,799 | $ | 10,693 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
(in thousands) |
Members Equity (Deficit) |
Non Controlling Interest |
Total | |||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2021 |
$ | 8,894 | $ | 1,799 | $ | 10,693 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Adoption of ASC 842 - Cumulative Adjustment |
| |||||||||||
Contributions |
355 | | 355 | |||||||||
Distributions |
(29,540 | ) | | (29,540 | ) | |||||||
Net Income |
10,281 | 1,451 | 11,732 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance, December 31, 2022 |
$ | (10,011 | ) | $ | 3,250 | $ | (6,761 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to combined financial statements.
F-25
Combined Statements of Cash Flows
For the years ended December 31, |
||||||||
(in thousands) | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
(as restated) | ||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||
Net Income |
$ | 11,732 | $ | 52,845 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities |
||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
4,353 | 4,363 | ||||||
Equity in income of equity method investee, net of distributions |
(429 | ) | 255 | |||||
Gain on extinguishment of debt, PPP |
(387 | ) | (22,285 | ) | ||||
Amortization of operating lease assets |
2,568 | | ||||||
Aborted deferred IPO costs written off |
4,036 | | ||||||
Interest income earned on Notes receivable from related party |
(164 | ) | (256 | ) | ||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Inventories |
(1,413 | ) | (987 | ) | ||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
454 | (796 | ) | |||||
Other assets |
(19 | ) | (15 | ) | ||||
Accounts payable |
1,969 | (1,164 | ) | |||||
Accrued salaries and benefits |
509 | 1,160 | ||||||
Accrued interest |
(86 | ) | 73 | |||||
Deferred rent expenses |
| 1,608 | ||||||
Other current liabilities |
1,700 | 1,196 | ||||||
Operating lease liabilities |
(1,424 | ) | | |||||
Deferred Restaurant Revitalization Fund grant |
| 3,806 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
23,399 | 39,803 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Cash flows from investing activities |
||||||||
Proceeds from recovery of Notes receivable from related party |
13,325 | 3,960 | ||||||
Advances made to related party |
(2,650 | ) | (21,200 | ) | ||||
Purchase of property and equipment |
(8,104 | ) | (1,287 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
2,571 | (18,527 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Cash flows from financing activities |
||||||||
Advances from members |
2,442 | 2,000 | ||||||
Payments for deferred offering costs |
(2,420 | ) | (1,298 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from PPP and EIDL loans |
2,700 | 14,506 | ||||||
Payments on PPP and EIDL loans |
(213 | ) | | |||||
Payments on finance leases |
(207 | ) | (170 | ) | ||||
Payments on third party loans |
(509 | ) | (671 | ) | ||||
Payments on related party loans |
(7,684 | ) | (1,694 | |||||
Payments on line of credit |
(1,000 | ) | | |||||
Proceeds from third party loans |
7,893 | | ||||||
Proceeds from related party loans |
3,518 | 237 | ||||||
Member contributions |
355 | 60 | ||||||
Member distributions |
(29,540 | ) | (31,508 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |
(24,665 | ) | (18,538 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
1,305 | 2,737 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
9,890 | 7,153 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of quarter |
$ | 11,195 | $ | 9,890 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Supplemental disclosures of other cash flow information: |
||||||||
Cash paid for interest |
736 | 386 | ||||||
Cash paid for taxes |
| | ||||||
Unpaid purchases of property and equipment |
568 | 120 | ||||||
Receivable for member contributions |
60 | 320 | ||||||
Operating right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities |
92,281 | | ||||||
Purchase of PPE through finance lease |
15 | | ||||||
Unpaid deferred offering cost |
| 45 |
F-26
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
(1) | Organization and Description of Business |
The accompanying combined financial statements represent the combined balance sheets, income statements, changes in permanent equity (deficit), and cash flows of GEN Restaurant Group, LLC, GEN Restaurant Management, LLC and certain of their affiliated entities (collectively referred to hereinafter as the Company). The Company operates restaurants which are located in California, Arizona, Hawaii, Nevada, New York, and Texas, specializing in a variety of special flavored meats for Korean barbeque.
The following tables lists the Companys entities in operation as of December 31, 2022:
Name |
Operating Name |
State |
Purpose | |||
GEN Restaurant Group, LLC |
GEN Tustin | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Huntington Beach | CA | Restaurant | ||||
GEN Oxnard | CA | Restaurant | ||||
JC Group International Inc. (S Corp) |
GEN Henderson | NV | Restaurant | |||
GEN West Covina | CA | Restaurant | ||||
GEN Corona | CA | Restaurant | ||||
GEN Restaurant Investment, LLC |
GEN Glendale | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN California, LLC |
GEN Fullerton | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Mira Mesa | CA | Restaurant | ||||
GEN Arizona, LLC |
GEN Tempe | AZ | Restaurant | |||
GEN Nevada, LLC |
GEN Sahara | NV | Restaurant | |||
GEN Miracle Mile | NV | Restaurant | ||||
GEN Alhambra, LLC |
GEN Alhambra | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Cerritos, LLC |
GEN Cerritos | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Torrance, LLC |
GEN Torrance | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Rancho Cucamonga, LP |
GEN Rancho Cucamonga | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN San Jose, LP |
GEN San Jose | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Northridge, LP |
GEN Northridge | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Chino Hills, LP |
GEN Chino Hills | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Carrollton, LP |
GEN Carrollton | TX | Restaurant | |||
GEN Fremont, LP |
GEN Fremont | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Concord, LP |
GEN Concord | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Webster, LP |
GEN Webster | TX | Restaurant | |||
GEN Westgate, LP |
GEN Westgate | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Manhattan NYU, LP |
GEN Manhattan | NY | Restaurant | |||
GEN Mountain View, LP |
GEN Mountain View | CA | Restaurant | |||
GKBH Restaurant, LLC |
GEN Korean BBQ | HI | Restaurant | |||
GEN Hawaii, LLC |
Investment Company | HI | Management of GKBH | |||
GEN Online, LLC |
GEN Online | CA | Website sales | |||
GEN Sacramento, LP |
GEN Sacramento | CA | Restaurant | |||
GEN Pearlridge, LLC |
GEN Pearlridge | HI | Restaurant | |||
GEN Frisco, LP |
GEN Frisco | TX | Restaurant | |||
GEN Houston, LLC |
GEN Houston | TX | Restaurant | |||
GEN Texas, LLC |
Investment Company | TX | Management of GEN Houston and GEN Webster | |||
GEN Master, LLC |
Holding Company | NV | Management | |||
GEN Restaurant Management, LLC |
GRM | DE | Management |
F-27
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
The above entities are collectively owned 100% by the controlling group, with the exception of GEN Houston, and Gen Webster, 49% of which is owned by an outside investor. The Company also has an equity method investment in its GEN Hawaii restaurant, with a 50% ownership share.
On December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were 31 and 28 restaurants in operation, respectively.
(2) | Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
(a) | Basis of Presentation |
The accompanying combined financial statements represent the balance sheets and the statements of income, changes in permanent equity, and cash flows of the Company, collectively, since the affiliated entities are under common management, share a common brand, and are contemplating a roll-up (going public) transaction.
The combined financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The noncontrolling interest included in the combined financial statements represent the ownership interest of an outside investor in GEN Houston.
(b) | Restatement of Previously Issued Annual Financial Statements |
During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company identified the following misstatements in its previously issued financial statements:
| The Company over-accrued the consulting fees paid to a related party due to misclassification of certain payments to the related party. |
| The Company understated the rent expense and deferred rent in prior periods due to the non-inclusion of the lease renewal periods in determining the lease terms for certain restaurant leases. |
In accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) 99, Materiality, and SAB 108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements, the Company evaluated the materiality of the errors from qualitative and quantitative perspectives, and concluded that the error was material to the Combined Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2021 and Combined Income Statement, Combined Statement of Changes in Permanent Equity (Deficit), and Combined Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2021. Management restated the impacted financial statements as of December 31, 2021, and for the year then ended, and related notes included herein to correct these errors.
Combined Balance Sheets | As of December 31, 2021 | |||||||||||
in thousands |
As Previously Reported |
Adjustment | As restated | |||||||||
Notes receivable from related party, net of current |
| 8,200 | 8,200 | |||||||||
Total assets |
45,636 | 8,200 | 53,836 | |||||||||
Deferred rent expense, current |
1,095 | 1,219 | 2,314 | |||||||||
Total current liabilities |
22,243 | 1,219 | 23,462 | |||||||||
Total Permanent Equity (deficit) |
7,241 | 3,452 | 10,693 | |||||||||
Total liabilities and equity (deficit) |
45,636 | 8,200 | 53,836 |
F-28
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Combined Income Statements | For the year ended December 31, 2021 | |||||||||||
in thousands |
As Previously Reported |
Adjustment | As restated |
|||||||||
Occupancy Expenses |
8,932 | 1,219 | 10,151 | |||||||||
Consulting fees - related party |
12,469 | (8,200 | ) | 4,269 | ||||||||
Income from operations |
9,704 | 6,981 | 16,686 | |||||||||
Net income attributable to Gen Restaurant |
42,879 | 6,981 | 49,860 | |||||||||
Combined Statements of Changes in Permanent Equity | For the year ended December 31, 2021 | |||||||||||
in thousands |
Members Equity (Deficit) |
Non-Controlling Interest |
Total | |||||||||
Net income (as previously reported) |
42,879 | 2,985 | 45,864 | |||||||||
Net loss (adjustment) |
6,981 | | 6,981 | |||||||||
Net income (as restated) |
49,860 | 2,985 | 52,845 | |||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2021 (as previously reported) |
5,393 | 1,848 | 7,241 | |||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2021 (adjustment) |
3,501 | (49 | ) | 3,452 | ||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2021 (as restated) |
8,894 | 1,799 | 10,693 | |||||||||
Combined Statements of Cash Flows | For the year ended December 31, 2021 | |||||||||||
in thousands |
As Previously Reported |
Adjustment | As restated |
|||||||||
Net income |
45,863 | 6,982 | 52,845 | |||||||||
Deferred rent expenses |
389 | 1,219 | 1,608 | |||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
31,062 | 8,741 | 39,803 | |||||||||
Advance made to related party |
(13,000 | ) | (8,200 | ) | (21,200 | ) | ||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
(10,327 | ) | (8,200 | ) | (18,527 | ) |
(c) | Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements |
On January 1, 2022, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), along with related clarifications and improvements. This pronouncement requires lessees to recognize a liability for lease obligations, which represents the discounted obligation to make future lease payments, and a corresponding right-of-use asset on the balance sheet. The guidance requires disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements that is intended to give financial statement users the ability to assess the amount, timing, and potential uncertainty of cash flows related to leases. We elected the modified retrospective method to apply the standard as of the effective date and therefore prior period amounts have not been adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historical accounting under previous lease guidance, ASC Topic 840: Leases (Topic 840). The adoption of Topic 842 resulted in the recognition of an initial operating lease asset of $64.2 million and the related operating lease liability of $74.3 million.
Our practical expedients were as follows:
Practical expedients:
We have not reassessed whether any expired or existing contracts are, or contain, leases.
We have not reassessed the lease classification for any expired or existing leases.
We have not reassessed initial direct costs for any expired or existing leases.
F-29
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
We have elected the practical expedient, which permits the use of hindsight when determining lease term and impairment of operating lease assets.
The impact on the balance sheets is as follows:
(in thousands) |
December 31, 2021 As Restated |
Adjustment | January 1, 2022 | |||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
9,890 | 9,890 | ||||||||||
Inventories |
1,129 | 1,129 | ||||||||||
Notes receivable from related party |
13,325 | 13,325 | ||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
1,634 | 1,634 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total current assets |
25,978 | | 25,978 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Equity method investment |
189 | 189 | ||||||||||
Property and equipment, net |
17,143 | (75 | ) | 17,068 | ||||||||
Operating lease assets |
| 64,229 | 64,229 | |||||||||
Notes receivable from related party, net of current |
8,200 | 8,200 | ||||||||||
Deferred offering costs |
1,662 | 1,662 | ||||||||||
Other assets |
664 | 664 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total assets |
$ | 53,836 | $ | 64,154 | $ | 117,990 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Liabilities and equity |
||||||||||||
Current liabilities |
||||||||||||
Accounts payable |
5,055 | 5,055 | ||||||||||
Accrued salaries and benefits |
1,467 | 1,467 | ||||||||||
Accrued interest |
261 | 261 | ||||||||||
Notes payable, current |
679 | 679 | ||||||||||
Notes payable to related parties, current |
4,697 | 4,697 | ||||||||||
Obligations under finance leases, current |
214 | 214 | ||||||||||
Deferred rent expense, current |
2,314 | (2,314 | ) | | ||||||||
Operating lease liabilities, current |
| 3,018 | 3,018 | |||||||||
Deferred Restaurant Revitalization Fund grant |
3,806 | 3,806 | ||||||||||
Advances from members |
2,000 | 2,000 | ||||||||||
Other current liabilities |
2,969 | 2,969 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total current liabilities |
23,462 | 704 | 24,166 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Notes payable, net of current portion |
4,021 | 4,021 | ||||||||||
Notes payable to related parties, net of current portion |
2,991 | 2,991 | ||||||||||
Obligations under finance leases, net of current portion |
297 | 297 | ||||||||||
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion |
| 74,322 | 74,322 | |||||||||
Deferred rent expense, net of current portion |
10,872 | (10,872 | ) | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total liabilities |
$ | 41,643 | $ | 64,154 | $ | 105,797 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Mezzanine equity |
||||||||||||
EB- 5 Members equity |
1,500 | 1,500 | ||||||||||
Permanent equity |
||||||||||||
Members equity |
8,894 | 8,894 | ||||||||||
Noncontrolling interest |
1,799 | 1,799 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total permanent equity |
$ | 10,693 | | $ | 10,693 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total liabilities and equity |
$ | 53,836 | $ | 64,154 | $ | 117,990 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-30
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
(d) | Use of Estimates |
The preparation of combined financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the combined financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the useful lives of property and equipment, the valuation of property and equipment, and other contingencies.
(e) | Cash and Cash Equivalents |
The Company and its related entities consider all highly liquid instruments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist principally of credit card transactions in transit. As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were deposits in excess of federally insured amounts of $3.5 million and $2.8 million, respectively.
(f) | Concentration Risk |
The Company relies on third parties for specified food products and supplies. In instances where these parties fail to perform their obligation, the Company may be unable to find alternative suppliers.
The Company relies on U.S. Foods, an unrelated third-party for its food costs. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, U.S. Foods accounted for approximately 57.6% and 39.2%, respectively, of total food costs.
The Company is subject to supplier concentration risk as Pacific Global Distribution, Inc. (PGD), which provided restaurant supplies such as tableware, napkins, soda, sauces, and is a subsidiary of a related party ,accounted for approximately 21.2% and 23.5% of total operating expenses, respectively during the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
The Company also relies on Wise Universal, Inc. (Wise) an entity 60% owned by a related party, which provides food products for 12 restaurants. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, Wise accounted for approximately 32.5% and 33.8%, respectively, of total food and beverage costs.
(g) | Inventories |
Inventories consist principally of food and beverages and are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method (FIFO) for all inventories.
(h) | Revenue Recognition |
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenue from the operation of the restaurants is recognized as food and beverage products are delivered to customers and payment is tendered at the time of sale. Sales tax amounts collected from customers are remitted to governmental authorities and are excluded from sales.
(i) | Property and Equipment |
Property and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Property and equipment under finance leases are stated at the present value of minimum lease payments.
F-31
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
The estimated useful service lives are as follows:
Equipment |
5 - 7 Years | |
Furniture and fixtures |
5 - 7 Years | |
Leasehold improvements |
Shorter of useful life or remaining lease term |
The Company and its related entities capitalize certain costs in conjunction with improvements to specific sites for planned future restaurants. The Company and its related entities also capitalize certain costs, including interest, in conjunction with constructing new restaurants. These costs are included in property and equipment and are amortized over the shorter of the life of the related leasehold improvements or the remaining lease term. Costs related to abandoned sites and other site selection costs that cannot be identified with specific restaurants are charged to general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Combined Income Statements. The Company and its related entities did not capitalize any internal costs related to site preparation and construction activities during the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 as any amounts were deemed immaterial.
(j) | Other Assets and Other Current Liabilities |
Other assets as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consist of the following:
(in thousands) | For the year ended | |||||||
Other Assets |
December 31, 2022 |
December 31, 2021 |
||||||
Security Deposits |
$ | 444 | $ | 412 | ||||
Liquor Licenses |
224 | 224 | ||||||
Other |
15 | 28 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Other Assets |
$ | 683 | $ | 664 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Other Current Liabilities as of December 31, 2022 and as of December 31, 2021 consist of the following:
(in thousands) | For the year ended | |||||||
Other Current Liabilities |
December 31, 2022 |
December 31, 2021 |
||||||
Sales tax payable |
$ | 1,468 | $ | 1,193 | ||||
Accrued percentage rent |
1,246 | 811 | ||||||
Misc. accrued expenses |
1,910 | 965 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Other Current Liabilities |
$ | 4,624 | $ | 2,969 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(k) | Advances from members |
Advances from members consist of funding received from member owners. As of December 31, 2022, the members had funded a total of $4.4 million and as of December 31, 2021, the members funded $2.0 million in cash to cover a portion of the costs of the initial public offering (Public Offering) (See Note 10 for further discussion).
F-32
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
(l) | Pre-Opening Costs |
Pre-opening costs, incurred in connection with the opening of new restaurants, are expensed as incurred.
Pre-opening costs were $1.4 million and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31 2021, respectively.
(m) | Income Taxes |
The Company and its related entities are organized as limited liability companies or limited partnerships and are treated as pass-through entities for federal and state income tax purposes. As the Company and its related entities have elected to be treated as partnerships for income tax purposes and are not subject to federal or state income taxes, income or loss is included in the tax returns of the members or the partners of the Company and its related entities based on their respective shares.
(n) | Long-Lived Assets |
Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment owned, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group to be tested for possible impairment, undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group are compared to its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or asset group is not expected to be recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, an impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds its fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values, and third-party independent appraisals, as considered necessary. We assessed our long-lived assets for potential impairment with the result that no impairment charges were recorded in any of the periods presented.
(o) | Interest Expense |
A reconciliation of total interest cost to interest expense as reported in the Combined Income Statement for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:
(in thousands) |
2022 | 2021 | ||||||
Interest cost capitalized |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||
Interest expense |
817 | 668 | ||||||
PPP interest expense forgiveness |
(4 | ) | (215 | ) | ||||
Interest income |
(179 | ) | (256 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total interest expense, net |
$ | 634 | $ | 197 |
(p) | Liquor Licenses |
Liquor licenses are deemed to have indefinite useful lives and are qualitatively tested on an annual basis for impairment. Liquor licenses are included in other assets in the accompanying balance sheets.
(q) | Sales Taxes |
Sales taxes are imposed by state, county, and city governmental authorities, collected from customers and remitted to the appropriate governmental agency. The Companys policy is to record the sales taxes
F-33
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
collected as a liability on the books and then remove the liability when the sales tax is remitted. There is no impact on the Combined Income Statement as restaurant sales are recorded net of sales tax.
(r) | Advertising Costs |
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and are included in General and Administrative costs in the accompanying statements of income.
The Company incurred approximately $169 thousand and $120 thousand in advertising expenses for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(s) | Risks and Uncertainties. |
We are subject to continued risks and uncertainties as a result of the outbreak of, and local, state and federal governmental responses to, the COVID-19 pandemic which was declared a National Public Health Emergency in March 2020. We experienced significant disruptions to our business as suggested and mandated social distancing and shelter-in-place orders led to the temporary closure of all of our restaurants. In the second quarter of fiscal 2020, certain jurisdictions began allowing the reopening of restaurants. While restrictions on the type of operations and occupancy capacity may continue to change, by the end of 2021 all of our restaurants were operating at full capacity. We cannot predict how long the COVID-19 pandemic will last, whether it will reoccur or whether variants will spike, what additional restrictions may be enacted, to what extent we can maintain sales volumes during or following any resumption of mandated social distancing protocols or vaccination or mask mandates and what long-lasting effects the COVID-19 pandemic may have on the restaurant industry as a whole. The ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, including, but not limited to, labor-related impacts, supply chain disruption and changes in consumer behavior, will determine the continued significance of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic to our operating results and financial position. All restaurants are now operating without any restrictions on capacity. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
(t) | Restaurant Revitalization Fund |
Several of the Companys restaurants received, between May and August 2021, a total of approximately $16.8 million from the Restaurant Revitalization Fund (RRF). The RRF funds must be used for specific purposes, and the Company is required to provide use of funds validation on an annual basis through March 2023. The Company accounted for the RRF funds as a government grant and is recognizing the amounts as income as related expenses are incurred. During the year ending December 31, 2021, the Company recognized approximately $13.0 million as RRF grant income and has deferred the remaining balance of $3.8 million. No RRF grant income was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2022.
(u) | Employee Retention Credits |
In March 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act was signed into law, providing numerous tax provisions and other stimulus measures, including the Employee Retention Credit (ERC): a refundable tax credit against certain employment taxes. The Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2020 and the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 extended and expanded the availability of the ERC. We qualified for the ERC in the first and second quarters of 2019, second and fourth quarters of 2020 and first, second and third quarters of 2021. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded an aggregate benefit of $3.5 million in our Combined Income Statement to reflect the ERC.
F-34
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
(3) | Capital Contributions Receivable |
As of December 31, 2021, the Company and its related entities had capital contributions receivable of $330 thousand from the partners of GEN Webster, GEN Carrollton, GEN Chino Hills, GEN Concord, GEN Fremont, GEN Frisco, GEN Hawaii, GEN Mountain View, GEN Northridge, GEN Pearlridge, GEN Sacramento, GEN Texas, GEN Westgate, and the members of GEN Hawaii. These amounts have been offset against members equity. During January 2022, the partners paid $320 thousand to the Company. As of December 31, 2022, the Company has $60 thousand in capital contributions receivable from two restaurants: GEN Webster and GEN Kapolei.
(4) | Notes Receivable from related party |
As of December 31, 2021, the Company had notes receivable from related parties for $21.5 million plus approximately $325 thousand interest earned from related parties, Ignite and Put Call Forever, LP, 100% owned by a controlling member with an interest rate of 2.50% per annum and a maturity date of one year. During the month of January 2022, the Company received partial payment on the principal balance outstanding of the Notes receivable from related party of $13.0 million, plus accrued interest earned of approximately $325 thousand.
The Notes receivable from related party balance as of December 31, 2022, was $10.8 million with accrued interest income receivable of $164 thousand. The Notes receivable mature in March 2024 with interest rates ranging from 2.0% to 4.0%.
(5) | Property and Equipment, Net |
The costs and related accumulated depreciation and amortization of major classes of property:
For the year ended | ||||||||
(in thousands) | December 31, 2022 |
December 31, 2021 |
||||||
Equipment |
9,578 | 8,018 | ||||||
Furniture and fixtures |
4,050 | 3,849 | ||||||
Leasehold improvements |
32,157 | 27,453 | ||||||
Other assets |
448 | 448 | ||||||
Construction in progress |
2,435 | 407 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 48,668 | $ | 40,175 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(27,385 | ) | (23,032 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Property and Equipment, Net |
$ | 21,283 | $ | 17,143 | ||||
|
|
|
|
The construction in progress balance is related to seven new stores currently being developed for openings expected in 2022.
Total depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, and December 31, 2021 was $4.4 million and $4.4 million, respectively, of which $179 thousand and $177 thousand were related to assets acquired under a finance lease, for both periods.
F-35
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
(6) | Equity Method Investment |
On April 1, 2016, GEN Hawaii made an investment of $200 thousand for a 50% interest in GKBH, which operates a GEN restaurant in Hawaii. The Company does not control major operational and financial decisions, which require consent from the other owner. The income from the equity investment in GKBH for the years ended December 31, 2022, and December 3, 2021 was $1.0 million and $1.1 million, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021 the Company received distributions of $537 thousand and $1.3 million, respectively, from GKBH.
A summary of the GKBH financial position and results of operations as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 is as follows (unaudited):
For the year ended | ||||||||
(in thousands) | December 31, 2022 |
December 31, 2021 |
||||||
Current assets |
846 | 719 | ||||||
Noncurrent assets |
892 | 997 | ||||||
Current liabilities |
367 | 307 | ||||||
Noncurrent liabilities |
130 | 1,026 | ||||||
For the year ended | ||||||||
(in thousands) | December 31, 2022 |
December 31, 2021 |
||||||
Net sales or gross revenue |
7,316 | 7,478 | ||||||
Operating income |
1,932 | 2,180 | ||||||
Interest expense |
| (9 | ) | |||||
Net income |
1,932 | 2,172 | ||||||
Net income attributable to the entity |
966 | 1,086 |
(7) | Line of Credit |
During March 2022, the Company entered into a new line of credit for $8.0 million with Pacific City Bank; these funds were used to pay off the Ignite related party loans payable. The line of credit matures on September 3, 2023, at a variable interest rate which is defined as the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate plus 1.75%, resulting in an interest rate of 9.25% on December 31, 2022. Only interest payments are due monthly, with the principal balance to be paid in one payment at the maturity date. The balance as of December 31, 2022 was $6.9 million. During the month of January 2023, the Company paid $153 thousand towards the Line of Credit (LOC) with Pacific City Bank.
(8) | Notes Payable |
Notes Payable to Bank
On September 13, 2017, the Company and a commercial bank entered into a loan agreement in the amount of $3.0 million with a maturity date of September 15, 2024, at an interest rate of 6.00% on December 31, 2022. On September 2, 2020, the loan was amended for the amount of the balloon payment due on September 15, 2024. The Company pays $44 thousand each month and will pay one last payment estimated at $263 thousand due on September 15, 2024. Interest on this loan is computed on a 365/360 basis, by applying the ratio of the interest rate over a year of 360 days, multiplied by the outstanding principal
F-36
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
balance, multiplied by the actual number of days in the monthly period. This calculation method results in a slightly higher effective interest rate than the numeric interest rate originally stated. This note is guaranteed by six of the Companys entities and is cross guaranteed by related party entities (see Note 11). The balance as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was $1.1 million and $1.5 million, respectively.
Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL)
On July 1, 2020, the Company executed the standard loan documents for six restaurants required for securing an EIDL loan from the United States Small Business Administration (the SBA) under its Economic Injury Disaster Loan assistance program. This assistance was sought in light of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Companys business.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, the Company received $2.6 million in additional EIDL loans. As of December 31, 2022, the total principal amount of the EIDL loans was $4.5 million and the proceeds were used for working capital purposes. Interest on the EIDL loans accrues at 3.75% per annum and installment payments, including principal and interest, are due monthly beginning twelve months from the date of each loan. The balance of principal and interest is payable over thirty years from the date of the promissory note.
Note Payable to Landlord
In August 2017, GEN Fremont entered into a note agreement with a landlord. The Company is making equal monthly payments on this note which has a July 2027 maturity date, with an interest rate of 8.00% per annum. As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the loan balance outstanding was $334 thousand and $392 thousand, respectively.
Paycheck Protection Program (CARES Act)
Pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), under Division A, Title I of the CARES Act, during 2020 the Company entered into several agreements with Pacific City Bank, which provided for an aggregate loan in the amount of $9.5 million as of December 31, 2020. The loans were dated over several months between April and June 2020, and mature in two years, bear interest at a rate of 1.00% per annum, payable monthly commencing between April 2021 and June 2021. The loans may be prepaid at any time prior to maturity with no prepayment penalties. Funds from the loans may only be used for payroll costs, costs used to continue group health care benefits, mortgage payments, rent, utilities and interest on other debt obligations. The Company used the entire loan amount for qualifying expenses.
During the months of February and March 2021, pursuant to the PPP, the Company entered into several debt agreements which provided for an additional aggregate amount of $13.5 million. The loans were dated over several months and mature in five years and bear interest at a rate of 1.00% per annum payable monthly commencing in 2022. The loans may be prepaid at any time prior to maturity with no prepayment penalties.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company received formal notices of loan forgiveness in the amount of $22.3 million, including accrued interest. The Company recorded the balance forgiven as Gain on extinguishment of debt and as interest income in 2021. In addition, the PPP program forgave approximately $171 thousand in accrued interest. As of December 31, 2021, the principal outstanding on PPP loans was $539 thousand.
F-37
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, the Company received formal notices of loan forgiveness in the amount of $387 thousand, in addition the PPP program forgave approximately $4 thousand in accrued interest. The Company recorded the balance forgiven as Gain on extinguishment of debt and as interest income in the first quarter of 2022. As of December 31, 2022, the principal outstanding on PPP loans was $0, reflecting the loan forgiveness as well as repayment of all the unforgiven principal balances in the amount of $341 thousand.
The aggregate maturities of notes payable as of December 31, 2022:
(in thousands) 2023 |
$ | 624 | ||
2024 |
768 | |||
2025 |
179 | |||
2026 |
189 | |||
2027 |
163 | |||
Thereafter |
4,017 | |||
|
|
|||
$ | 5,940 | |||
Less current portion of notes payable |
(624 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Long term portion |
$ | 5,316 | ||
|
|
(9) | Related Person Notes Payable |
Each of the entities, GEN Alhambra, GEN Cerritos, GEN Torrance, GEN Rancho Cucamonga, GEN San Jose, GEN Northridge, GEN Chino Hills, GEN Carrolton, GEN Hawaii, GEN Fremont, GEN Online, GEN Concord, GEN Westgate, GEN Mountain View, GEN Sacramento, GEN Pearlridge, GEN Frisco, and GEN Texas (collectively, the Borrowers) had notes payable to Ignite, owned by one of the members of the Company, all with similar terms. Each note allows for draws to be made as individual loans. The total amount of loans under each agreement became due on the fifth anniversary of each note. Maturity dates ranged from January 2020 to December 2025. Interest accrued on each loan using the simple interest method at interest rates ranging from 2.75% to 5.00% of the outstanding principal balance. Interest was paid annually, one year in arrears. Ignite had a security interest in the assets of the borrowers. There were no financial covenants in the note payable agreements. As of December 31, 2021 the outstanding principal under the Ignite notes payable was $7.7 million. During the month of March 2022, the Company repaid the entire $7.7 million principal balance outstanding on the Notes payable.
After repaying the notes payable of $7.7million with Ignite, the Company signed additional note agreements with Ignite in 2022 and the outstanding principal under Ignite notes payable was $1.1 million as of December 31, 2022.
During 2022, the member owners loaned $1.9 million to the Company for the construction and pre-opening costs at the new GEN Webster restaurant location. The loans bear interest of 3.00% per year and mature on November 25, 2023.
In December 2022, the member owners loaned an additional $500 thousand to the Company for the construction and pre-opening costs. The loan has a variable interest rate which is defined as the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate plus 1.75%, resulting in an interest rate of 9.25% at December 31, 2022. During January 2023, the Company repaid $500 thousands towards the Note Payable related party.
F-38
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
The aggregate maturities of notes payable from related parties as of December 31, 2022, are as follows:
(in thousands) | ||||
2023 |
3,021 | |||
2024 |
500 | |||
2025 |
| |||
2026 |
| |||
|
|
|||
3,521 | ||||
|
|
|||
Less current portion of notes payable: |
(3,021 | ) | ||
Notes Payable, net of current portion: |
500 |
Interest expense incurred for the related party debt was $71 thousand and $260 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(10) | Leases |
At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is a lease based on whether the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Lease classification, measurement, and recognition are determined at lease commencement, which is the date the underlying asset is available for use by the Company. The accounting classification of a lease is based on whether the arrangement is effectively a financed purchase of the underlying asset (finance lease) or not (operating lease). The Company has operating and finance leases for its corporate office, restaurant locations, office equipment and kitchen equipment. Our leases have remaining lease terms of less than 1 year to up to 25 years, including options to extend many of the leases. For leases with renewal periods at the Companys option, the Company determines the expected lease period based on whether the renewal of any options are reasonably assured at the inception of the lease.
Operating leases are accounted for on the balance sheet with the lease assets and liabilities recognized in Operating lease assets, Operating lease liabilities, current and Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion. Finance lease liabilities are recognized on the balance sheet in Obligations under finance leases, current and Obligations under finance leases, net of current portion.
Lease assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date. All lease liabilities are measured at the present value of the lease payments not yet paid. To determine the present value of lease payments not yet paid, we estimate incremental borrowing rates corresponding to the maturities of the leases. We estimate this rate based on prevailing financial market conditions, comparable company and credit analysis, and management judgment. Operating lease assets are initially measured based on the lease liability, adjusted for initial direct costs, prepaid or deferred rent, and lease incentives. The operating lease liabilities are subsequently measured at the carrying amount of the lease liability adjusted for initial direct costs, prepaid or accrued lease payments, and lease incentives.
Related to the adoption of Topic 842, our policy elections were as follows:
Separation of lease and non-lease components: We elected this expedient to account for lease and non-lease components as a single component for our entire population of operating lease assets.
Short-term policy: We have elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all applicable classes of underlying assets. Short-term disclosures include only those leases with a term greater than one month
F-39
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
and 12 months or less, and expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less, that do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that we are reasonably certain to exercise, are not recorded on the balance sheet.
The following table summarizes the Operating and finance lease activities to the Income statement and Balance sheet for the year ending December 31, 2022:
in thousands | Twelve Months Ended | |||||
Operating lease cost |
Classification |
December 31, 2022 |
||||
Operating lease cost |
Occupancy and related expenses, and General and administrative expenses | $ | 7,532 | |||
Variable lease cost |
Occupancy and related expenses, and General and administrative expenses | 4,578 | ||||
|
|
|||||
Total operating lease cost |
$ | 12,110 | ||||
|
|
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:
Operating leases | December 31, 2022 | |||
Operating lease assets |
$ | 90,713 | ||
Operating lease liabilities, current |
4,096 | |||
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion |
100,872 | |||
|
|
|||
Total operating lease liabilities |
$ | 104,968 | ||
|
|
|||
Finance lease assets, net | December 31, 2022 | |||
Property and equipment |
$ | 905 | ||
Accumulated depreciation |
(714 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Property and equipment, net |
$ | 191 | ||
|
|
|||
Finance lease liabilities | December 31, 2022 | |||
Obligations under finance leases, current |
$ | 134 | ||
Obligations under finance leases, net of current portion |
185 | |||
|
|
|||
Total finance lease liabilities |
$ | 319 | ||
|
|
|||
Twelve Months Ended |
||||
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) | December 31, 2022 | |||
Operating leases |
13.9 | |||
Finance leases |
1.6 | |||
Weighted Average Discount Rate |
||||
Operating leases |
5.24 | % | ||
Finance leases |
7.31 | % |
F-40
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Maturities of lease liabilities were as follows as of December 31, 2022:
Operating Leases |
Finance Leases |
|||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
2023 |
$ | 9,364 | $ | 220 | ||||
2024 |
9,720 | 130 | ||||||
2025 |
9,935 | 3 | ||||||
2026 |
10,112 | | ||||||
2027 |
10,303 | |||||||
Thereafter |
102,269 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total undiscounted lease payments |
151,704 | 353 | ||||||
Present value discount/interest |
(46,736 | ) | | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Present value |
$ | 104,968 | $ | 353 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Lease liabilities, current |
4,096 | 34 | ||||||
Lease liabilities, net of current |
100,872 | 319 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total operating lease liability |
$ | 104,968 | $ | 353 | ||||
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2022, the Company had additional operating leases related to new restaurants the Company has not yet taken possession of that will total $28.8 million in future lease payment commitments. These operating leases are expected to commence later in 2022 or in 2023 and have lease terms, including option periods, of 20 to 25 years.
The Company is obligated under finance leases covering certain property and equipment that expire at various dates during the next 2 years. On December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 the gross amounts of property and equipment and related accumulated depreciation and amortization recorded under finance leases were as follows:
For the year ended | ||||||||
(in thousands) | December 31, 2022 |
December 31, 2021 |
||||||
Property and equipment |
905 | 887 | ||||||
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(714 | ) | (597 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 191 | $ | 290 | |||||
|
|
|
|
Amortization of assets held under finance leases is included with depreciation expense in the Combined Income Statement.
(11) | Commitments and Contingencies |
(a) | Commitments |
On July 14, 2021, the Company entered into a letter of understanding (the Agreement) with an underwriter to serve as the exclusive lead underwriter, placement agent and investment banker for the Company in preparation a Public Offering contemplated by the Company. The term of the Agreement ends 12 months from the engagement date. The placement agent will act as sole underwriter of the Public Offering, subject to completion of placement agents due diligence examination of the Company, and the
F-41
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
execution of a definitive underwriting agreement between the Company and the placement agent. The Agreement will provide that the Company will grant the underwriter warrants for the purchase of an amount equal to 3% of the securities issued in the Public Offering. The term of the warrants will be five years from the closing date of the Public Offering and will permit cashless exercise. In connection with the Public Offering, an agreement will be prepared for a 7% commission to the underwriter. Due to continued negative market conditions related to Initial Public Offerings (IPO), the Company has never completed the proposed Public Offering. As a result, the Company entered into the agreement described below and has written off a total of $4.0 million of costs incurred through December 31, 2022, to Aborted IPO costs in the Combined Income Statement.
On October 14, 2022, the Company entered into a letter of understanding (Letter) with an investment banking firm that provides for the investment banking firm to be an exclusive advisor to the Company with respect to a potential sale of the Company. The Letter provides that the investment banking firm will receive a fee of approximately 1.75% of the proceeds from any closed transaction for the sale of the Company.
On November 23, 2016, pursuant to the U.S. governments Immigrant Investor Program, commonly known as the EB-5 program (the EB-5 Program), Gen Restaurant Investment, LLC entered into an operating agreement with an investor (the EB-5 Investor). Under the terms and conditions of the EB-5 Program, the Company is subject to certain job creation requirements.
As part of the agreement, the Company issued 3 units of Series II Preferred Member Interest in exchange for a 30% interest in Gen Restaurant Investment, LLC and received $1.5 million, recorded as equity. Five years from the date of issue, (the Conversion Date), or after approval of the l-829 petition to USCIS, the EB-5 investor has the option to convert the Series II Units into Series I Units. If the EB-5 Investor does not exercise their conversion option, the Company may exercise its call option to purchase the Class B membership interest for the fair market value. If approval of the preferred members I-526 immigration application is denied, the Company is required to repurchase the preferred member units for $1.5 million.
Accordingly, this has been presented as mezzanine equity, not permanent equity, in the accompanying combined balance sheets.
(b) | Contingencies |
The Company and its related entities are involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, after consulting legal counsel, the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company and its related entities combined financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.
On January 21, 2015, the Company received a class-action lawsuit naming Gen Alhambra, LLC, for alleged wage and hour class violations in Los Angeles County, California. This claim was settled during the year ended December 31, 2022, for an amount of $850 thousand and has been recorded in the Companys books as Other income (expense).
On September 23, 2021, the Company received a lawsuit from an ex-employee naming Gen Cerritos for alleged labor law violations in Los Angeles County, California. The Company plans to continue to defend against this claim and does not expect the outcome of the lawsuit to have a material or any impact on the financial statements of the Company.
On September 17, 2021, the Company received a lawsuit from an ex-employee naming Gen Restaurant Group, LLC for alleged labor law violations in Los Angeles County, California. The Company plans to
F-42
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
defend against this claim and does not expect the outcome of the lawsuit to have a material or any impact on the financial statements of the Company.
On September 20, 2021, the Company received a lawsuit from an ex-employee naming Gen Chino Hills for alleged labor law violations in San Bernardino County, California. This claim was settled during the year ended December 31, 2022, for an amount of $19,500 and has been recorded in the Companys books as Other income (expense).
(12) | Other Related-Person Transactions |
The Company purchased approximately $3.1 million and $2.9 million for the year ending December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively, of supplies from Pacific Global (PGD), 100% owned by one of the member of the Company and his direct family. Outstanding obligations for supply purchases from PGD of approximately $86 thousand and $25 thousand are included in accounts payable as of December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
In 2016, the Company entered into a management agreement with J&J Management Group, Inc. a third party who shares offices with a member. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company paid approximately $2.6 million, and $3.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, included in accounts payable were payments due for obligations for management services provided by J&J Management Group of $24 thousand and approximately $1 thousand, respectively.
The Company purchased food from Wise Universal Inc., an affiliate 60% owned by one of the members of the Company, for approximately $14.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 and $14.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, included in accounts payable were outstanding obligations for food purchases from Wise Universal of approximately $385 thousand and $357 thousand, respectively.
On August 29, 2014, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Ignite (the Consulting Agreement), 100% owned by a controlling member, which provides for annual fees of up to 25% of gross revenue in exchange for various consulting services. Such consulting fees are only paid to the extent the Company and its related entities have adequate resources as determined by the controlling member. The Company paid approximately $4.9 and $4.3 million for the for the year ended December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively, to Ignite for consulting services.
During the periods ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company paid approximately $102 thousand and $0 to Fast Fabrications, LLC (Fast Fabrications), for services related to restaurant interior construction. Fast Fabrications is an affiliate that is 100% owned by an employee of the Company. That employee is also a partner in several of the LP entities and a member of GEN Hawaii.
As of December 31, 2021, the Company had notes receivable from Ignite and A/R Put-Forever, LP totaling $21.5 million with interest accruing at 2.5% per annum. The $13.0 million was collected during the three months ending March 31, 2022. During the year ended December 31, 2021, interest income earned was $325 thousand. During the month of January 2022, the Company received $320 thousand from its partners, As of December 31, 2022, the remaining balance of approximately $10.8 million was outstanding and $60 thousand was held by the partners of GEN Webster and GEN Kapolei.
As of December 31, 2022, GEN Mountain View had a related party account payable to a company owned by a controlling member of approximately $353 thousand for purchases of fixed assets during 2018.
F-43
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
As of September 30, 2022 Gen Restaurant Management had a related party account payable to Ignite of $1 million for the purchase of inventory. During October and November 2022, the Company had repaid the entire balance.
During the year ended December 31, 2021 the owners advanced $2.0 million in cash to cover a portion of the costs of the pending IPO transaction. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the owners advanced an additional $2.4 million. Of this total, $4.0 million was expensed during the year as Deferred offering costs aborted ended December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, the deferred offering costs balance was zero.
(13) | Subsequent Events |
The Company and its related parties evaluated subsequent events from the balance sheet date through April 19, 2023, the date at which the combined financial statements were available to be issued.
Distributions
From January through April 2023, the Company distributed $3.1 million to its member owners.
Lease Agreements
During January 2023, the Company entered into a lease with a third party for a lease agreement in Seattle, Washington for a new restaurant, for a period of ten years. During April 2023, the Company entered into a lease agreement with a third party for a new restaurant in Dallas, Texas for a period of ten years.
Employment Retention Credit
During January 2023, the Company received $1.1 million in Employment retention credits (ERC) plus $62 thousand in interest income. During April 2023, the Company received additional ERC credits for $943 thousand.
Related Party Notes Payable
During March 2023, the Company received $500 thousand from a related party loan. The loan has a variable interest rate which is defined as the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate plus 1.75%.
Notes Payable
During the first quarter of 2023, the Company and a commercial bank entered into a loan agreement in the amount of $1.3 million with a maturity date of February 6, 2030, at a variable interest rate which is defined as the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate plus 1.00%, resulting in an interest rate of 8.75% as of March 31, 2023. Principal and interest payments are due monthly and started during March 2023.
F-44
Through and including , 2023 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in our Class A common stock, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This delivery requirement is in addition to a dealers obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment or subscription.
Shares
Class A Common Stock
Prospectus
Roth Capital Partners
Craig-Hallum Capital Group
The Benchmark Company
, 2023
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.
The following table shows the costs and expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, payable in connection with the sale and distribution of the securities being registered. Except as otherwise noted, we will pay all of these amounts. All amounts except the SEC registration fee, the FINRA fee and the stock exchange listing fee are estimated.
SEC Registration Fee |
$ | 2,865.20 | ||
FINRA Filing Fee |
$ | 4,812.50 | ||
Stock Exchange Listing Fee |
* | |||
Printing Costs |
* | |||
Legal Fees and Expenses |
* | |||
Accounting Fees and Expenses |
* | |||
Transfer Agent Fees and Expenses |
* | |||
Miscellaneous Expenses |
* | |||
|
|
|||
Total |
$ | * |
* | To be provided by amendment. |
Item 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that, to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporate Law, or the DGCL, no director shall be personally liable to our company or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. Our amended and restated bylaws will provide that each person who was or is party or is threatened to be made a party to, or was or is otherwise involved in, any threatened, pending or completed proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director or officer of our company or was serving at the request of our company as a director, officer, employee, agent or trustee of another entity shall be indemnified and held harmless by us to the full extent authorized by the DGCL against all expense, liability and loss actually and reasonably incurred in connection therewith, subject to certain limitations.
Section 145(a) of the DGCL authorizes a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party, or is threatened to be made a party, to a threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation), by reason of the fact that the person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the persons conduct was unlawful.
Section 145(b) of the DGCL provides in relevant part that a corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses (including attorneys fees) actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person
II-1
reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
The DGCL also provides that indemnification under Sections 145(a) and (b) can only be made upon a determination that indemnification of the present or former director, officer or employee or agent is proper in the circumstances because such person has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Sections 145(a) and (b). Such determination shall be made, with respect to a person who is a director or officer at the time of such determination, (1) by a majority vote of directors who are not a party to the action at issue (even though less than a quorum), (2) by a majority vote of a designated committee of these directors (even though less than a quorum), (3) if there are no such directors, or these directors authorize, by the written opinion of independent legal counsel, or (4) by the stockholders.
Section 145(g) of the DGCL also empowers a corporation to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such persons status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under Section 145 of the DGCL.
Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL permits a corporation to provide for eliminating or limiting the personal liability of one of its directors for any monetary damages related to a breach of fiduciary duty as a director, as long as the corporation does not eliminate or limit the liability of a director for acts or omissions which (1) were in bad faith, (2) were the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and were material to the cause of action so adjudicated, (3) the director derived an improper personal benefit from (such as a financial profit or other advantage to which such director was not legally entitled) or (4) breached the directors duty of loyalty.
We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our executive officers and directors that provide, in general, that we will indemnify them to the fullest extent permitted by law in connection with their service to us or on our behalf.
The proposed form of Underwriting Agreement to be filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this Registration Statement will provide for indemnification of our directors and officers by the underwriters against certain liabilities.
Item 15. Recent Sale of Unregistered Securities.
We have not sold any securities, registered or otherwise, within the past three years.
II-2
Item 16. Exhibits and Financial Data Schedules.
Exhibit Index
* | To be filed by amendment. |
# | Denotes management compensatory plan or arrangement |
(b) | Financial Statement Schedule |
None. Financial statement schedules have been omitted because the information is included in our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Registration Statement.
Item 17. Undertakings.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Act, may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in
II-3
connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:
(i) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(ii) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
II-4
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Cerritos, state of California, on May 26, 2023.
GEN Restaurant Group, Inc. | ||
By: | /s/ David Kim | |
Name: | David Kim | |
Title: | Co-Chief Executive Officer |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PEOPLE BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints David Kim, Jae Chang and Thomas V. Croal, and each of them, as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, each with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place or stead, in any and all capacities (including, without limitation, the capacities listed below), to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement, and to sign any registration statement for the same offering covered by this registration statement that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and all post-effective amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and all other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and hereby grants to such attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the following persons have signed this Registration Statement in the capacities and on the date indicated.
/s/ David Kim David Kim |
Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) |
May 26, 2023 | ||
/s/ Jae Chang Jae Chang |
Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) |
May 26, 2023 | ||
/s/ Thomas V. Croal Thomas V. Croal |
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
May 26, 2023 |
Exhibit 5.1
Client: 36741-00004
, 2023
GEN Restaurant Group, Inc.
11480 South Street, Suite 205
Cerritos, CA 90703
Re: | GEN Restaurant Group, Inc. |
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333- )
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have examined the Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333- , as amended (the Registration Statement), of GEN Restaurant Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the Company), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), in connection with the offering by the Company of up to shares of the Companys Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the Shares).
In arriving at the opinion expressed below, we have examined originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction as being true and complete copies of the originals, of specimen Class A common stock certificates and such other documents, corporate records, certificates of officers of the Company and of public officials and other instruments as we have deemed necessary or advisable to enable us to render the opinions set forth below. In our examination, we have assumed without independent investigation the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity and competency of all natural persons, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals and the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies.
Based upon the foregoing, and subject to the assumptions, exceptions, qualifications and limitations set forth herein, we are of the opinion that the Shares, when issued against payment therefor as set forth in the Registration Statement, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
, 2023
Page 2
We consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, and we further consent to the use of our name under the caption Legal Matters in the Registration Statement and the prospectus that forms a part thereof. In giving these consents, we do not thereby admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the Rules and Regulations of the Commission.
Very truly yours,
Exhibit 10.1
AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT
OF
GEN RESTAURANT COMPANIES, LLC
a Delaware limited liability company
dated as of , 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLE I GENERAL PROVISIONS | 2 | |||||
Section 1.1 |
Formation and Continuation | 2 | ||||
Section 1.2 |
Name | 2 | ||||
Section 1.3 |
Principal Place of Business; Other Places of Business | 2 | ||||
Section 1.4 |
Designated Agent for Service of Process | 2 | ||||
Section 1.5 |
Term | 2 | ||||
Section 1.6 |
No State Law Partnership | 2 | ||||
Section 1.7 |
Business Purpose | 2 | ||||
Section 1.8 |
Powers | 3 | ||||
Section 1.9 |
Certificates; Filings | 3 | ||||
Section 1.10 |
Representations and Warranties by the Members | 3 | ||||
ARTICLE II UNITS; CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS | 4 | |||||
Section 2.1 |
Units | 4 | ||||
Section 2.2 |
Capital Contributions of the Members; No Deficit Restoration Obligation | 5 | ||||
Section 2.3 |
No Interest; No Return | 5 | ||||
Section 2.4 |
Issuances of Additional Units | 5 | ||||
Section 2.5 |
Additional Funds and Additional Capital Contributions | 6 | ||||
ARTICLE III DISTRIBUTIONS | 8 | |||||
Section 3.1 |
General Distributions | 8 | ||||
Section 3.2 |
Tax Distributions | 8 | ||||
Section 3.3 |
Distributions in Kind | 10 | ||||
Section 3.4 |
Amounts Withheld | 10 | ||||
Section 3.5 |
Distributions to Reflect Additional Units | 10 | ||||
Section 3.6 |
Other Distribution Rules | 10 | ||||
ARTICLE IV MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS | 11 | |||||
Section 4.1 |
Management | 11 | ||||
Section 4.2 |
Tax Actions | 14 | ||||
Section 4.3 |
Compensation and Reimbursement of Managing Member | 14 | ||||
Section 4.4 |
Outside Activities | 15 | ||||
Section 4.5 |
Transactions with Affiliates | 15 | ||||
Section 4.6 |
Limitation on Liability | 16 | ||||
Section 4.7 |
Indemnification | 16 | ||||
ARTICLE V BOOKS AND RECORDS | 17 | |||||
Section 5.1 |
Books and Records | 17 | ||||
Section 5.2 |
Financial Accounts | 17 | ||||
Section 5.3 |
Inspection; Confidentiality | 17 | ||||
Section 5.4 |
Information to be Provided by Managing Member to Members | 18 |
ARTICLE VI ALLOCATIONS | 18 | |||||
Section 6.1 |
Allocations Generally | 18 | ||||
Section 6.2 |
Priority Allocations | 18 | ||||
Section 6.3 |
Other Allocation Rules | 19 | ||||
ARTICLE VII TAX MATTERS | 20 | |||||
Section 7.1 |
Provision of Information | 20 | ||||
Section 7.2 |
Tax Elections | 21 | ||||
Section 7.3 |
Company Tax Returns | 21 | ||||
Section 7.4 |
Tax Representative | 21 | ||||
Section 7.5 |
Tax Audits | 22 | ||||
Section 7.6 |
No Independent Actions or Inconsistent Positions | 23 | ||||
Section 7.7 |
United States Person | 23 | ||||
Section 7.8 |
State, Local, and Non-U | 23 | ||||
Section 7.9 |
Survival of Obligations | 23 | ||||
Section 7.10 |
Taxes Other Than U.S. Federal Income Taxes | 23 | ||||
Section 7.11 |
Tax Classification | 23 | ||||
Section 7.12 |
Accounting and Fiscal Year | 23 | ||||
Section 7.13 |
Capital Accounts | 23 | ||||
ARTICLE VIII UNIT TRANSFERS AND MEMBER WITHDRAWALS | 24 | |||||
Section 8.1 |
Transfer Generally Prohibited | 24 | ||||
Section 8.2 |
Conditions Generally Applicable to All Transfers | 24 | ||||
Section 8.3 |
Drag-Along Rights | 25 | ||||
Section 8.4 |
Substituted Members | 26 | ||||
Section 8.5 |
Company Right to Call Membership Interests | 27 | ||||
Section 8.6 |
Withdrawal | 27 | ||||
Section 8.7 |
Restrictions on Termination Transactions | 27 | ||||
Section 8.8 |
Incapacity | 28 | ||||
Section 8.9 |
Withholding With Respect to a Transfer of Units | 29 | ||||
ARTICLE IX ADMISSION OF MEMBERS | 29 | |||||
Section 9.1 |
Members; Admission of Additional Members | 29 | ||||
Section 9.2 |
Limit on Number of Members | 29 | ||||
ARTICLE X DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION | 30 | |||||
Section 10.1 |
Dissolution Generally | 30 | ||||
Section 10.2 |
Events Causing Dissolution | 30 | ||||
Section 10.3 |
Distribution upon Dissolution | 30 | ||||
Section 10.4 |
Rights of Members | 32 | ||||
Section 10.5 |
Termination | 32 |
ARTICLE XI PROCEDURES FOR ACTIONS AND CONSENTS OF MEMBERS; AMENDMENTS; MEETINGS | 32 | |||||
Section 11.1 |
Actions and Consents of Members | 32 | ||||
Section 11.2 |
Amendments | 32 | ||||
Section 11.3 |
Procedures for Meetings and Actions of the Members | 32 | ||||
ARTICLE XII EXCHANGE RIGHTS | 34 | |||||
Section 12.1 |
Elective and Mandatory Exchanges | 34 | ||||
Section 12.2 |
Additional Terms Applying to Exchanges | 34 | ||||
Section 12.3 |
Exchange Consideration | 36 | ||||
Section 12.4 |
Adjustment | 37 | ||||
Section 12.5 |
Class A Common Stock to be Issued | 37 | ||||
Section 12.6 |
Withholding | 38 | ||||
Section 12.7 |
Tax Treatment | 39 | ||||
Section 12.8 |
Contribution of the Managing Member | 39 | ||||
Section 12.9 |
Apportionment of Distributions | 39 | ||||
ARTICLE XIII MISCELLANEOUS | 39 | |||||
Section 13.1 |
Conclusive Nature of Determinations | 39 | ||||
Section 13.2 |
Company Counsel | 39 | ||||
Section 13.3 |
Appointment of Managing Member as Attorney-in-Fact | 40 | ||||
Section 13.4 |
Entire Agreement | 41 | ||||
Section 13.5 |
Further Assurances | 41 | ||||
Section 13.6 |
Notices | 41 | ||||
Section 13.7 |
Governing Law | 42 | ||||
Section 13.8 |
Jurisdiction and Venue | 42 | ||||
Section 13.9 |
Equitable Remedies | 42 | ||||
Section 13.10 |
Construction | 42 | ||||
Section 13.11 |
Counterparts | 42 | ||||
Section 13.12 |
Section 13 | 42 | ||||
Section 13.13 |
Binding Effect | 43 | ||||
Section 13.14 |
Severability | 43 | ||||
Section 13.15 |
Survival | 43 | ||||
ARTICLE XIV DEFINED TERMS | 43 | |||||
Section 14.1 |
Definitions | 43 | ||||
Section 14.2 |
Interpretation | 55 |
AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT
OF GEN RESTAURANT COMPANIES, LLC
THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT (this Agreement) of GEN RESTAURANT COMPANIES, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Company), dated as of , 2023, is entered into by and among (the Initial Members), and GEN Restaurant Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the Managing Member).
WHEREAS, the Company was formed as a limited liability company pursuant to the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, 6 Del. C. §§ 18-101, et seq. (as it may be amended from time to time, and any successor to such statute, the Act) by the filing of a Certificate of Formation of the Company (the Certificate of Formation) in the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 20, 2022 (the Formation Date);
WHEREAS, the Initial Members entered into a limited liability agreement of the Company on (the Initial Agreement);
WHEREAS, on , 2023, the Managing Member issued shares of its Class B Common Stock to the Initial Members in connection with its initial public offering of shares of its Class A Common Stock (the IPO);
WHEREAS, the Managing Member will contribute the net proceeds of the IPO to the Company in exchange for Class A Common Units of the Company, and the Managing Member will be admitted to the Company as Managing Member;
WHEREAS, the Managing Member and the Company will engage or have engaged in certain other transactions described in the registration statement on Form S-1 filed in connection with the IPO (collectively, the IPO Reorganization); and
WHEREAS, the Initial Members now desire to approve and document the actions described in these recitals and to amend and restate the Initial Agreement to read in its entirety as set forth in this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties to this Agreement, intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:
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ARTICLE I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 1.1 Formation and Continuation. The Company is a limited liability company previously formed and continued pursuant to the provisions of the Act and upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement to the contrary, the rights and obligations of the Members and the administration and termination of the Company shall be governed by the Act. The Certificate of Formation and all actions taken or to be taken by any employee of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP and any other person who executed and filed or who executes and files, after the date of this Agreement, the Certificate of Formation are hereby adopted and ratified, or authorized, as the case may be.
Section 1.2 Name. The name of the Company is GEN Restaurant Companies, LLC. The Company may also conduct business at the same time under one or more fictitious names if the Managing Member determines that such is in the best interests of the Company. The Company may change its name, from time to time, in accordance with Law.
Section 1.3 Principal Place of Business; Other Places of Business. The principal business office of the Company is located at 11472 South St., Cerritos, CA 90703, or such other place within or outside the State of Delaware as the Managing Member may from time to time designate. The Company may maintain offices and places of business at such other place or places within or outside the State of Delaware as the Managing Member deems advisable.
Section 1.4 Designated Agent for Service of Process. So long as required by the Act, the Company shall continuously maintain a registered office and a designated and duly qualified agent for service of process on the Company in the State of Delaware. The address of the registered office of the Company in the State of Delaware shall be as set forth in the Certificate of Formation. The Companys registered agent for service of process at such address shall also be as set forth in the Certificate of Formation.
Section 1.5 Term. The term of the Company commenced on the Formation Date and shall continue until the Company is dissolved in accordance with the Act or this Agreement. Notwithstanding the dissolution of the Company, the existence of the Company shall continue until its termination pursuant to this Agreement or as otherwise provided in the Act.
Section 1.6 No State Law Partnership. The Members intend that the Company shall not be a partnership (including a limited partnership) or joint venture, and that no Member shall be an agent, partner or joint venturer of any other Member, for any purposes other than for U.S. federal, state, and local tax purposes, and this Agreement shall not be construed to suggest otherwise. Each Member hereby acknowledges and agrees that, except as expressly provided herein, in performing its obligations or exercising its rights under this Agreement, it is acting independently and is not acting in concert with, on behalf of, as agent for, or as joint venturer of, any other Member. Other than in respect of the Company, nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed as creating a corporation, association, joint stock company, business trust, or organized group of Persons, whether incorporated or not, among or involving any Member or its Affiliates, and nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as creating or requiring any continuing relationship or commitment as between such parties other than as specifically set forth in this Agreement.
Section 1.7 Business Purpose. The Company may carry on any Lawful business, purpose or activity in which a limited liability company may be engaged under Law.
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Section 1.8 Powers. Subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, the Company will possess and may exercise all of the powers and privileges granted to it by the Act, by any other Law, or by this Agreement, together with all powers incidental thereto, so far as such powers are necessary or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the purposes of the Company set forth in Section 1.7.
Section 1.9 Certificates; Filings. The Certificate of Formation was previously filed on behalf of the Company in the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware as required by the Act. The Managing Member may execute and file any duly authorized amendments to the Certificate of Formation from time to time in a form prescribed by the Act. The Managing Member shall also cause to be made, on behalf of the Company, such additional filings and recordings as the Managing Member shall deem necessary or advisable. If requested by the Managing Member, the Members shall promptly execute all certificates and other documents consistent with the terms of this Agreement necessary for the Managing Member to accomplish all filing, recording, publishing, and other acts as may be appropriate to comply with all requirements for (a) the formation and operation of a limited liability company under the Laws of the State of Delaware, (b) if the Managing Member deems it advisable, the operation of the Company as a limited liability company, in all jurisdictions in which the Company proposes to operate, and (c) all other filings required (or determined by the Managing Member to be necessary or appropriate) to be made by the Company.
Section 1.10 Representations and Warranties by the Members.
(a) No Conflict. Each Member that is an individual (including each Additional Member or Substituted Member as a condition to becoming an Additional Member or a Substituted Member) represents and warrants to, and covenants with, each other Member that (i) the execution of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement to be performed by such Member will not result in a breach or violation of, or a default under, any material agreement by which such Member or any of such Members property is bound, or any statute, regulation, order or other Law to which such Member is subject and (ii) this Agreement is binding upon, and enforceable against, such Member in accordance with its terms.
(b) Organization and Qualification; Authority. Each Member that is not an individual (including each Additional Member or Substituted Member as a condition to becoming an Additional Member or a Substituted Member) represents and warrants to, and covenants with, each other Member that (i) the execution of this Agreement and all transactions contemplated by this Agreement to be performed by it have been duly authorized by all necessary action, including that of its general partner(s), managing member(s), committee(s), trustee(s), beneficiaries, directors and/or stockholder(s) (as the case may be) as required, (ii) the execution of this Agreement and consummation of such transactions will not result in a breach or violation of, or a default under, its partnership or operating agreement, trust agreement, charter or bylaws (as the case may be), any material agreement by which such Member or any of such Members properties or any of its partners, members, beneficiaries, trustees or stockholders (as the case may be) is or are bound, or any statute, regulation, order or other Law to which such Member or any of its partners, members, trustees, beneficiaries or stockholders (as the case may be) is or are subject, and (iii) this Agreement is binding upon, and enforceable against, such Member in accordance with its terms.
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(c) Securities Laws. Each Member (including each Additional Member or Substituted Member as a condition to becoming an Additional Member or Substituted Member) represents and warrants that it has acquired and continues to hold its interest in the Company for its own account for investment purposes only and not for the purpose of, or with a view toward, the resale or distribution of all or any part thereof, and not with a view toward selling or otherwise distributing such interest or any part thereof at any particular time or under any predetermined circumstances. Each Member further represents and warrants that it is a sophisticated investor, able and accustomed to handling sophisticated financial matters for itself, and that it has a sufficiently high net worth that it does not anticipate a need for the funds that it has invested in the Company in what it understands to be a speculative and illiquid investment.
(d) Survival of Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties contained in Sections 1.10(a), 1.10(b), and 1.10(c) shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement by each Member (and, in the case of an Additional Member or a Substituted Member, the admission of such Additional Member or Substituted Member as a Member in the Company), and the dissolution, liquidation, and termination of the Company.
(e) No Representations as to Performance. Each Member (including each Additional Member or Substituted Member as a condition to becoming an Additional Member or Substituted Member) hereby acknowledges that no representations as to potential profit, cash flows, funds from operations or yield, if any, in respect of the Company or the Managing Member have been made by any Member or any employee or representative or Affiliate of any Member, and that projections and any other information, including financial and descriptive information and documentation, that may have been in any manner submitted to such Member shall not constitute any representation or warranty of any kind or nature, express or implied.
(f) Modification of Representations and Warranties. The Managing Member may permit the modification of any of the representations and warranties contained in Sections 1.10(a), 1.10(b), and 1.10(c), as applicable, to any Member (including any Additional Member or Substituted Member or any transferee of either) provided, that such representations and warranties, as modified, shall be set forth in either (i) a Unit Designation applicable to the Units held by such Member or (ii) a separate writing addressed to the Company.
ARTICLE II
UNITS; CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Section 2.1 Units.
(a) Generally. The interests of the Members in the Company are divided into, and represented by, the Units, each having the rights and obligations specified in this Agreement.
(b) Classes. The Units are initially divided into:
(i) Class A Common Units, which are issuable to the Managing Member and such other persons as the Managing Member shall determine; and
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(ii) Class B Common Units, which are issuable to the Members (other than the Managing Member) in the IPO Reorganization and as otherwise provided in this Agreement. Each Class B Common Unit shall be associated with a share of Class B Common Stock issued to the holder of the Class B Common Unit.
(iii) Other Classes of Units. The Company may issue additional Units or create additional classes, series, sub-classes, or sub-series of Units in accordance with this Agreement.
Section 2.2 Capital Contributions of the Members; No Deficit Restoration Obligation.
(a) Capital Contributions. The Members made, shall be treated as having made, or have agreed to make, Capital Contributions to the Company and were issued the Common Units indicated on Annex A. Except as provided by Law or in this Agreement, the Members shall have no obligation or, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement or with the prior written consent of the Managing Member, right to make any other Capital Contributions or any loans to the Company.
(b) No Deficit Restoration Obligation. No Member shall have an obligation to make any contribution to the capital of the Company as the result of a deficit balance in its Capital Account, and any such deficit shall not be considered a Debt owed to the Company or to any other Person for any purpose whatsoever.
Section 2.3 No Interest; No Return. No Member shall be entitled to interest on its Capital Contribution or on such Members Capital Account balance. Except as provided by this Agreement, any Unit Designation, or by Law, no Member shall have any right to demand or receive a withdrawal or the return of its Capital Contribution from the Company. Except to the extent provided in this Agreement or in any Unit Designation, no Member shall have priority over any other Member as to distributions, the return of Capital Contributions, or the allocation of Net Profits and Net Losses.
Section 2.4 Issuances of Additional Units. Subject to the rights of any Member set forth in a Unit Designation:
(a) General. The Company may issue additional Units, for any Company purpose, at any time or from time to time, to the Members (including the Managing Member) or to any other Person, and may admit any such Person as an Additional Member for such consideration and on such terms and conditions as shall be established by the Company. Any additional Units may be issued in one or more classes, or one or more series of any of such classes, with such designations, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, rights to distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption (including rights that may be senior or otherwise entitled to preference over existing Units) as shall be determined by the Company and set forth in a written document attached to and made an exhibit to this Agreement, which exhibit shall be an amendment to this Agreement and shall be incorporated into this Agreement by reference (each, a Unit Designation). Upon the issuance of any additional Unit, the Managing Member shall amend the Register and the books and records of the Company as appropriate to reflect such issuance. Except to the extent specifically set forth in any Unit Designation, a Unit of any class or series other than a Common Unit shall not entitle the holder thereof to vote on, or consent to, any matter.
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(b) Issuances to the Managing Member. No additional Units shall be issued to the Managing Member unless at least one of the following conditions is satisfied:
(i) The additional Units are also issued to all Members holding Common Units in proportion to their respective Percentage Interests in the Common Units;
(ii) The additional Units are (x) Class A Common Units issued in connection with an issuance of Class A Common Stock or issued with appropriate adjustments to the Exchange Rate in accordance with Section 12.4, or (y) Equivalent Units (other than Common Units) issued in connection with an issuance of Preferred Stock, New Securities, or other interests in the Managing Member (other than Common Stock), and, in each case, the Managing Member contributes to the Company the net proceeds received in connection with the issuance of such Common Stock, Preferred Stock, New Securities, or other interests in the Managing Member;
(iii) The additional Units are Class A Common Units issued in connection with an issuance of Class A Common Stock in accordance with the Incentive Compensation Plans of the Managing Member to an employee of the Company or its Subsidiaries;
(iv) There is a recapitalization of the Capital Stock of the Managing Member;
(v) The additional Units are issued upon the conversion, redemption or exchange of Debt, Units or other securities issued by the Company and held by the Managing Member; or
(vi) The additional Units are issued in accordance with the express terms of the other provisions of this Article II.
(c) Issuances of Class B Common Units. No additional Class B Common Units shall be issued except (i) in the event of a recapitalization of the Capital Stock of the Managing Member, including any stock split, stock dividend, reclassification or similar transaction, and (ii) a corresponding number of shares of Class B Common Stock is also issued by the Managing Member to the holder of such Class B Common Units.
(d) No Preemptive Rights. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement or in any Unit Designation, no Person shall have any preemptive, preferential, participation or similar right or rights to subscribe for or acquire any Membership Interest.
Section 2.5 Additional Funds and Additional Capital Contributions
(a) General. The Company may, at any time and from time to time, determine that it requires additional funds (Additional Funds) for the acquisition or development of additional Assets, for the redemption of Units, or for such other purposes as the Company may determine. Additional Funds may be obtained by the Company in any manner provided in, and in accordance with, the terms of this Section 2.5 without the approval of any Member or any other Person.
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(b) Additional Capital Contributions. The Company may obtain any Additional Funds by accepting Capital Contributions from any Members or other Persons. In connection with any such Capital Contribution, the Company is hereby authorized from time to time to issue additional Units (as set forth in Section 2.4 above) in consideration for such Capital Contribution, and, if appropriate, the Percentage Interests of the Members shall be adjusted to reflect the issuance of such additional Units.
(c) Loans by Third Parties. The Company may obtain any Additional Funds by incurring Debt payable to any Person (other than, except as contemplated in Section 2.5(d), the Managing Member) upon such terms as the Company determines appropriate, including making such Debt convertible, redeemable, or exchangeable for Units; provided, however, that the Company shall not incur any such Debt if any Member would be personally liable for the repayment of all or any portion of such Debt (unless that Member agrees otherwise).
(d) Loans by Managing Member. The Managing Member, on behalf of the Company, may obtain any Additional Funds by causing the Company to incur Debt payable to the Managing Member if (i) the Debt is, to the extent permitted by Law, on substantially the same terms and conditions (including interest rate, repayment schedule, and conversion, redemption, repurchase and exchange rights) as any Debt incurred by or on behalf of the Managing Member for the purpose of providing funds to the Company, the net proceeds of which are lent to the Company to provide such Additional Funds, or (ii) the Debt is on terms and conditions no less favorable to the Company than would be available to the Company from any third party.
(e) Issuance of Securities by the Managing Member.
(i) Unless otherwise agreed to by the Members, after the completion of the IPO and the initial issuance of the Class B Common Stock by the Managing Member, except in the case of a Liquidity Offering for purposes of a Cash Settlement, the Managing Member shall not issue any additional Capital Stock or New Securities unless (i) such Capital Stock or New Securities are issued in accordance with the Incentive Compensation Plan of the Managing Member to an employee of the Company or its Subsidiaries, or (ii) the Managing Member contributes the net proceeds received from the issuance of such additional Capital Stock or New Securities (as the case may be) and from the exercise of the rights contained in any such additional Capital Stock or New Securities to the Company in exchange for (i) in the case of an issuance of Class A Common Stock, Class A Common Units, (ii) in the case of an issuance of Class B Common Stock, Class B Common Units, or (iii) in the case of an issuance of Preferred Stock or New Securities, Equivalent Units. If at any time any Preferred Stock or New Securities are issued that are convertible into or exercisable for Class A Common Stock or another security of the Managing Member, then upon any such conversion or exercise, the corresponding Equivalent Unit shall be similarly exercised or otherwise converted, as applicable, and an equivalent number of Class A Common Units or other Equivalent Units of the Company shall be issued to the Managing Member. It is the intent of the parties that the Managing Member will always maintain a one-to-one ratio of Units to its outstanding Capital Stock, except as provided pursuant to Section 12.4, and the parties hereby acknowledge that the Managing Member may undertake all actions, subject to applicable Law and the terms of any such outstanding Capital Stock, in order maintain such ratio.
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(ii) If the Managing Member issues any additional Capital Stock or New Securities and contributes the net proceeds, if any, received from such issuance to the Company, the Company is authorized to issue a number of Common Units or Equivalent Units to the Managing Member equal to the number of shares of Capital Stock or New Securities so issued, in accordance with this Section 2.5(e) without any further act, approval or vote of any Member or any other Person. For the avoidance of doubt, New Securities that are derivative securities issued under any Incentive Compensation Plan of the Managing Member shall not require issuance of Equivalent Units by the Company until such time as such derivative securities are exercised and subsequently issued.
(f) Reimbursement of Issuance Expenses. If the Managing Member issues additional Capital Stock or New Securities and subsequently contributes the net proceeds (after deduction of any underwriters discounts and commissions) received from such issuance to the Company, then the Company shall reimburse or assume (on an after-tax basis) the Managing Members expenses associated with such issuance, including any underwriting discounts or commissions.
(g) Repurchase or Redemption of Capital Stock. If, at any time, any shares of Capital Stock or New Securities are repurchased, redeemed or otherwise retired (whether by exercise of a put or call, automatically or by means of another arrangement) by the Managing Member, then the Managing Member shall cause the Company, immediately prior to such repurchase, redemption or retirement of such Capital Stock or New Securities, to redeem, repurchase or otherwise retire a corresponding number of Class A Units, Class B Units or Equivalent Units held by the Managing Member, upon the same terms and for the same consideration as the Capital Stock or New Securities to be repurchased, redeemed or retired. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in this Agreement, the Company shall not make any repurchase or redemption if such repurchase or redemption would violate any applicable Law.
ARTICLE III
DISTRIBUTIONS
Section 3.1 General Distributions. Subject to the terms of any Unit Designation, the Company shall distribute an amount of Available Cash when, as, and if determined by the Managing Member to the Members pro rata in accordance with their Common Units.
Section 3.2 Tax Distributions.
(a) Generally. If the amount distributed to a Member pursuant to Section 3.1 in respect of a Fiscal Year is less than that Members Assumed Tax Liability, the Company shall distribute an amount of Available Cash to the Members such that each Member receives distributions of Available Cash in respect of each Fiscal Year in an amount at least equal to the Members Assumed Tax Liability for such Fiscal Year (each such distribution, a Tax Distribution). Any Tax Distribution made to a Member under this Section 3.2(a) shall be treated as an advance against, and shall reduce, future amounts otherwise distributable to such Member under Section 3.1 or Section 10.3(a). Except as provided in Section 3.2(d) and subject to any Unit Designation, all Tax Distributions shall be made pro rata in accordance with Units.
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(b) Calculation of Assumed Tax Liability. For purposes of calculating the amount of each Members Tax Distributions under Section 3.2(a), a Members Assumed Tax Liability means an amount equal to the product of:
(i) the sum of (A) the net taxable income and gain allocated to that Member for U.S. federal income tax purposes in the Fiscal Year and (B) to the extent (x) determined by the Company in its sole discretion and (y) attributable to the Company, the amount the Member is required to include in income by reason of Code sections 707(c) (but not including guaranteed payments for services within the meaning of Code section 707(c)), 951(a), and 951A(a); multiplied by
(ii) the highest combined effective U.S. federal, state, and local marginal rate of tax applicable to an individual resident in Los Angeles, California (unless otherwise determined by the Company) for the Fiscal Year (such tax rate, the Assumed Tax Rate).
The calculation required by this Section 3.2(b) shall be made by (i) taking into account (w) the character of the income or gain and (x) any limitations on, or the availability of, deductions, net operating losses, and credits, and (ii) disregarding (y) the effect of any special basis adjustments under Code section 743(b) and (z) the effect of the allocations required under Code section 704(c)(1)(A) (and the principles thereof).
(c) Timing of Tax Distributions. If reasonably practicable, the Company shall make distributions of the estimated Tax Distributions in respect of a Fiscal Year on a quarterly basis to facilitate the payment of quarterly estimated income taxes, taking into account amounts previously distributed by reason of this Section 3.2. Not later than sixty (60) Business Days after the end of the Fiscal Year, the Company shall make a final Tax Distribution in an amount sufficient to fulfill the Companys obligations under Section 3.2(a).
(d) Impact of Insufficient Available Cash. If the amount of Tax Distributions to be made exceeds the amount of the Available Cash, the Tax Distribution to which each Member is entitled shall be reduced in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3.2(d) (each Members share of that reduction, the Tax Distribution Shortfall Amount). Cash available for distribution as a Tax Distribution shall first be distributed to the Managing Member in an amount equal to the full amount of its Tax Distribution (calculated by substituting the words a corporation doing business for an individual resident in the definition of Assumed Tax Rate). The balance, if any, of cash available for distribution as a Tax Distribution shall be distributed:
(i) First, to the Members (other than the Managing Member) pro rata in accordance with their Units in an amount such that each such Member has received distributions pursuant to this Section 3.2(b) not less than their Assumed Tax Liability (calculated by substituting the words a corporation doing business for an individual resident in the definition of Assumed Tax Rate); and
(ii) Thereafter, the balance, if any, to the Members (including the Managing Member) pro rata in accordance with their Units until each Member has received the full amount of its Tax Distribution calculated in accordance with Section 3.2(b).
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Any Tax Distribution Shortfall Amounts will be carried forward to subsequent Fiscal Years and will be distributed when and to the extent that the Company has sufficient Available Cash, and distribution of any Tax Distribution Shortfall Amounts shall for all purposes of this Agreement be treated as an advance against, and shall reduce future amounts otherwise distributable to such Member under Section 3.1 or Section 10.3(a).
(e) No Tax Distributions on Liquidation. No Tax Distributions shall be made in connection with the liquidation of the Company or a Members Interest in the Company.
Section 3.3 Distributions in Kind. No Member may demand to receive property other than cash as provided in this Agreement. The Company may make a distribution in kind of Assets to the Members, and if a distribution is made both in cash and in kind, such distribution shall be made so that, to the fullest extent practical, the percentage of the cash and any other Assets distributed to each Member entitled to such distribution is identical.
Section 3.4 Amounts Withheld. Each Member acknowledges and agrees that the Company may be required by Law to deduct and withhold taxes or to fulfill other similar obligations of such Member on any amount paid, distributed, disbursed, or allocated by the Company to that Member, including upon liquidation, and any transferee of a Members interest or a Substituted Member shall, by reason of such Transfer or substitution, acknowledge, and agree to any such withholding by the Company, including withholding to discharge obligations of the Company with respect to prior distributions, allocations, or an Imputed Underpayment Share (to the extent not otherwise borne by the transferor Member pursuant to Section 7.5). All amounts withheld pursuant to this Section 3.4 shall, except as otherwise determined by the Company pursuant to Section 7.5(c)(ii), be treated as amounts distributed to such Person pursuant to the provision of this Agreement that would have applied if such amount had actually been distributed.
Section 3.5 Distributions to Reflect Additional Units. If the Company issues additional Units pursuant to the provisions of Article II, subject to the provisions of any a Unit Designation, the Managing Member is authorized to make such revisions to this Article III and to Article VI as it determines are reasonably necessary or desirable to reflect the issuance of such additional Units, including making preferential distributions to certain classes of Units.
Section 3.6 Other Distribution Rules.
(a) Transfers. From and after the Transfer of a Unit, distributions (including Tax Distributions) made to the transferor Member, along with any withholding or deduction in respect of any such distribution, shall be treated as having been made to the transferee unless otherwise determined by the Company.
(b) Record Date for Distributions. The Company may designate a Record Date for purposes of calculating and giving effect to distributions. All distributions shall be made to the holders of record as of the applicable Record Date.
(c) Over-Distributions. If the Company distributes to a Member more than the amount to which the Member in entitled (e.g., by reason of an accounting error), the Member shall, upon written notice of the over-distribution delivered to the Member within one year of the over-distribution, promptly return the over-distribution to the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 3.6(c) applies to any distribution made under this Agreement.
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(d) Reimbursements of Preformation Capital Expenditures. To the extent a distribution (or deemed distribution resulting from a reduction in a Members share of Company liabilities for federal tax purposes) would otherwise be treated as proceeds in a sale under Code section 707(a)(2)(B), the Members intend such actual or deemed distribution to reimburse preformation capital expenditures under Treas. Reg. § 1.707-4(d) to the maximum extent permitted by Law.
(e) Limitation on Distributions. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, neither the Company nor the Managing Member on behalf of the Company shall make a distribution to any Member if such distribution would violate the Act or other Law, or to the extent such distribution would result in the Company or any of its Subsidiaries being in default under any material agreement.
ARTICLE IV
MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS
Section 4.1 Management.
(a) Authority of Managing Member. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, the Managing Member shall have full, exclusive, and complete discretion to manage and control the business and affairs of the Company, to make all decisions affecting the business and affairs of the Company, and to do or cause to be done any and all acts, at the expense of the Company, as the Managing Member deems necessary or appropriate to accomplish the purposes and direct the affairs of the Company. The Managing Member shall have the exclusive power and authority to bind the Company, except and to the extent that such power is expressly delegated in writing to any other Person by the Managing Member, and such delegation shall not cause the Managing Member to cease to be a Member or the Managing Member of the Company. The Managing Member shall be an agent of the Companys business, and the actions of the Managing Member taken in such capacity and in accordance with this Agreement shall bind the Company. The Managing Member shall at all times be a Member of the Company. The Managing Member may not be removed by the Members, with or without cause, except with the consent of the Managing Member. Any determinations to be made by the Company pursuant to this Agreement shall be made by the Managing Member, subject to the rights of any Member set forth in Section 4.1(g).
(b) Determinations to be Made by Managing Member. The determination as to any of the following matters, made by or at the direction of the Managing Member consistent with the Act and this Agreement, shall be final and conclusive and shall be binding upon the Company and every Member:
(i) the Assets available for distribution or the redemption of Units at any time;
(ii) the amount and timing of any distribution;
(iii) the amount, purpose, time of creation, increase or decrease, alteration, or cancellation of any reserves or charges and the propriety thereof;
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(iv) the Fair Market Value, or any sale, bid or asked price to be applied in determining the Fair Market Value, of any Asset;
(v) any matter relating to the acquisition, holding, and disposition of any Asset; or
(vi) any other matter relating to the business and affairs of the Company as required or permitted by Law, this Agreement, or otherwise to be determined by the Managing Member.
(c) Appointment of Officers. The Managing Member may, from time to time, appoint such officers and establish such management and/or advisory boards or committees of the Company as the Managing Member deems necessary or advisable, each of which shall have such powers, authority, and responsibilities as are delegated in writing by the Managing Member from time to time. Each such officer and/or board or committee member shall serve at the pleasure of the Managing Member.
(d) Major Transactions. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or required by any non-waivable provision of the Act or other Law, no Member (acting in such capacity) other than the Managing Member shall (x) have any right to vote on or consent to any other matter, act, decision or document involving the Company or its business or any other matter, or (y) take part in the day-to-day management, or the operation or control, of the business and affairs of the Company. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Managing Member may cause the Company, without the consent or approval of any other Member, to enter into any of the following in one or a series of related transactions: (i) any merger, (ii) any acquisition, (iii) any consolidation, (iv) any sale, lease or other transfer or conveyance of Assets, (v) any recapitalization or reorganization of outstanding securities, (vi) any merger, sale, lease, spin-off, exchange, transfer or other disposition of a Subsidiary, division or other business, (vii) any issuance of Debt or equity securities (subject to any limitations expressly provided for herein) or (viii) any incurrence of Debt. Except to the extent expressly delegated in writing by the Managing Member, no Member or Person other than the Managing Member shall be an agent for the Company or have any right, power or authority to transact any business in the name of the Company or to act for or on behalf of or to bind the Company.
(e) Bankruptcy. Only the Managing Member may commence a voluntary case on behalf of, or an involuntary case against, the Company under a chapter of Title 11 U.S.C. by the filing of a petition (as defined in 11 U.S.C. 101(42)) with the United States Bankruptcy Court. Any such petition filed by any other Member, to the fullest extent permitted by Law, shall be deemed an unauthorized and bad faith filing and all parties to this Agreement shall use their best efforts to cause such petition to be dismissed.
(f) Amendment of Agreement. Subject to the rights of any Member set forth in a Unit Designation and Section 4.1(g), the Managing Member shall have the power, without the Consent of a Majority-in-Interest of the Members or the consent or approval of any Member, to amend this Agreement as may be required to facilitate or implement any of the following purposes:
(i) To add to the obligations of the Managing Member or surrender any right or power granted to the Managing Member or any Affiliate of the Managing Member for the benefit of the Members;
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(ii) To reflect a change that is of an inconsequential nature or does not adversely affect the Members in any material respect, or to cure any ambiguity, correct or supplement any provision in this Agreement not inconsistent with Law or with other provisions, or make other changes with respect to matters arising under this Agreement that will not be inconsistent with Law or with the provisions of this Agreement;
(iii) To satisfy any requirements, conditions, or guidelines contained in any order, directive, opinion, ruling or regulation of a federal or state agency or contained in federal or state Law;
(iv) To reflect the admission, substitution, or withdrawal of Members, the Transfer of any Membership Interest, this issuance of additional Units, or the termination of the Company in accordance with this Agreement, and to amend the Register in connection with such admission, substitution, withdrawal, or Transfer;
(v) To set forth or amend the designations, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to distributions, qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption of any additional Units issued pursuant to Article II;
(vi) If the Company is the Surviving Company in any Termination Transaction, to modify Section 12.1 or any related definitions to provide the holders of interests in such Surviving Company rights that are consistent with Section 8.7(b)(iii); and
(vii) To reflect any other modification to this Agreement as is reasonably necessary or appropriate for the business or operations of the Company or the Managing Member and that does not violate Section 4.1(g).
(g) Certain Actions Requiring Member Consent. Notwithstanding anything in Article XI to the contrary, this Agreement shall not be amended, and no action may be taken by the Managing Member, without the consent of each Member adversely affected thereby, if any, if such amendment or action would:
(i) Modify the limited liability of a Member or increase the obligation of a Member to make a Capital Contribution to the Company;
(ii) Adversely alter the rights of any Member to receive the distributions to which such Member is entitled pursuant to Article III or Section 10.3(a)(iii);
(iii) Convert the Company into a corporation or cause the Company to be classified as a corporation for federal income tax purposes (other than in connection with a Termination Transaction); or
(iv) Amend this Section 4.1(g);
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provided, however, that, with respect to clauses (ii), (iii), and (iv), the consent of any Member adversely affected shall not be required for any amendment or action that affects all Members holding the same class or series of Units on a uniform or pro rata basis, if approved by a Majority-in-Interest of the Members of such class or series. If some, but not all, of the Members consent to an action or amendment, the Company may, in its discretion, make such amendment or action effective only as to the Members that consented to it, to the extent it is practicable to do so.
Section 4.2 Tax Actions. All Tax Actions not expressly reserved for the Members shall be made, taken, or determined by the Managing Member.
Section 4.3 Compensation and Reimbursement of Managing Member.
(a) General. The Managing Member shall not receive any fees from the Company for its services in administering the Company, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement.
(b) Reimbursement of Managing Member. The Company shall be liable for, and shall reimburse the Managing Member on an after-tax basis at such intervals as the Managing Member may determine, for all
(i) overhead, administrative expenses, insurance and reasonable legal, accounting and other professional fees and expenses of the Managing Member;
(ii) expenses of the Managing Member incidental to being a public reporting company;
(iii) reasonable fees and expenses related to the IPO or any subsequent public offering of equity securities of the Managing Member (without duplicating any provisions of Section 2.5(f)) or private placement of equity securities of the Managing Member, whether or not consummated;
(iv) franchise and similar taxes of the Managing Member and other fees and expenses in connection with the maintenance of the existence of the Managing Member;
(v) customary compensation and benefits payable by the Managing Member, and indemnities provided by the Managing Member on behalf of, the officers, directors, and employees of the Managing Member; and
(vi) reasonable expenses paid by Managing Member on behalf of the Company; provided, however, that the amount of any reimbursement shall be reduced by any interest earned by the Managing Member with respect to bank accounts or other instruments or accounts held by it on behalf of the Company as permitted pursuant to Section 4.4. Such reimbursements shall be in addition to any reimbursement of the Managing Member as a result of indemnification pursuant to Section 4.7.
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Section 4.4 Outside Activities.
(a) Limitation on Outside Activities of Managing Member. Without the consent of a Majority-in-Interest of the Members, the Managing Member shall not directly or indirectly enter into or conduct any business, other than in connection with, (i) the ownership, acquisition and disposition of Membership Interests, (ii) the management of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, (iii) its operation as a reporting company with a class (or classes) of securities registered under the Exchange Act, (iv) the offering, sale, syndication, private placement or public offering of stock, bonds, securities or other interests, (v) financing or refinancing of any type related to the Company or its Assets or activities, and (vi) such activities as are incidental thereto. Without the consent of a Majority-in-Interest of the Members, the Managing Member is not permitted to own any assets other than (x) Units in the Company (ii) assets necessary to its activities referred to in the preceding sentence or (iii) cash and cash equivalents and other assets that are incidental to its operations as a holding company and compliance with applicable law, rules and regulation. Nothing contained in this Section 4.4 shall be construed to prohibit the Managing Member from executing guarantees or other credit support of Company Debt. For the avoidance of doubt, the provisions of this Section 4.4 shall restrict only the Managing Member and its Subsidiaries (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries) and shall not restrict the other Members or any Affiliate of the other Members (other than the Managing Member). The Managing Member and any Affiliates of the Managing Member may acquire Membership Interests and shall be entitled to exercise all rights of a Member relating to such Membership Interests.
(b) Outside Activities of Members. Subject to any agreements entered into pursuant to Section 4.5 and any other agreements entered into by a Member or any of its Affiliates with the Managing Member, the Company or a Subsidiary (including any employment agreement), any Member, or any officer, director, employee, agent, trustee, Affiliate, member or stockholder of any Member, shall be entitled to and may have business interests and engage in business activities in addition to those relating to the Company, including business interests and activities that are in direct or indirect competition with the Company or that are enhanced by the activities of the Company. None of the Members, the Company or any Person shall have any rights by virtue of this Agreement or the relationship established hereby in any business ventures of any other Member or Person, and such Person shall have no obligation pursuant to this Agreement, subject to Section 4.5 and any other agreements entered into by a Member or its Affiliates with the Managing Member, the Company or a Subsidiary, to offer any interest in any such business ventures to the Company, any Member, or any such other Person.
Section 4.5 Transactions with Affiliates.
(a) Lending and Borrowing. The Company may lend funds to the Managing Member, or to Subsidiaries of the Company or other Persons in which the Company has an equity investment, and such Persons may borrow funds from the Company, on terms and conditions determined by the Managing Member.
(b) Company Transfers to Affiliated Entities. Subject to the provisions of Section 4.4, the Company may transfer Assets to joint ventures, limited liability companies, partnerships, corporations, business trusts or other business entities in which it is or thereby becomes a participant upon such terms and subject to such conditions consistent with this Agreement and Law.
(c) Transfers from the Managing Member to the Company. The Managing Member and its Affiliates may sell, transfer or convey any property to the Company, directly or indirectly, on terms and conditions no less favorable to the Company in the aggregate than would be available from unaffiliated third parties as determined by the Managing Member.
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(d) Employee Benefit Plans. The Managing Member may propose and adopt on behalf of the Employee benefit plans funded by the Company for the benefit of employees of the Managing Member, the Company, Subsidiaries of the Company or any Affiliate of any of them in respect of services performed, directly or indirectly, for the benefit of the Managing Member, the Company or any of the Companys Subsidiaries.
Section 4.6 Limitation on Liability.
(a) General. To the fullest extent permitted by Law, no Indemnitee, in such capacity, shall be liable to the Company, any Member or any of their respective Affiliates, for any losses sustained or liabilities incurred as a result of any act or omission of such Person if (i) either (A) the Indemnitee, at the time of such action or inaction, determined in good faith that its, his or her course of conduct was in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Company or (B) in the case of inaction by the Indemnitee, the Indemnitee did not intend its, his or her inaction to be harmful or opposed to the best interests of the Company and (ii) the action or inaction did not constitute fraud or willful misconduct by the Indemnitee.
(b) Action in Good Faith. An indemnified Person acting under this Agreement shall not be liable to the Company for its, his or her good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they expand, restrict, or eliminate the duties and liabilities of such Persons otherwise existing at Law or in equity, are agreed by the Members to replace fully and completely such other duties and liabilities of such Persons. Whenever in this Agreement the Managing Member or any officer or director of the Managing Member is permitted or required to make a decision or take an action (i) in its sole discretion or discretion or under a similar grant of authority or latitude, in making such decisions, such Person shall be entitled to take into account its own interests as well as the interests of the Members as a whole or (ii) in its good faith or under another expressed standard, such Person shall act under such express standard and shall not be subject to any other or different standards.
(c) Outside Counsel. The Managing Member may consult with legal counsel, accountants and financial or other advisors, and any act or omission suffered or taken by the Managing Member on behalf of the Company or in furtherance of the interests of the Company in good faith in reliance upon and in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or financial or other advisors will be full justification for any such act or omission, and the Managing Member will be fully protected in so acting or omitting to act so long as such counsel or accountants or financial or other advisors were selected with reasonable care.
Section 4.7 Indemnification.
(a) General. The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless each Indemnitee (and such Persons heirs, successors, assigns, executors or administrators) to the full extent permitted by Law in accordance with the provisions of Article VI of the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Managing Member as if such provisions were set forth herein, mutatis mutandis.
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(b) Non-Exclusivity of Rights. The rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses conferred in this Section 4.7 shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under any law, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, provisions of a certificate of incorporation or bylaws, or otherwise.
(c) Nature of Rights. The rights conferred upon Indemnitees in this Section 4.7 shall be contract rights and such rights shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to be the Managing Member, an Affiliate of the Managing Member, the Tax Representative, the Designated Individual or an officer or director of the Managing Member, the Company or their respective Affiliates. Any amendment, alteration or repeal of this Section 4.7 or of Article VI of the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Managing Member that adversely affects any right of an Indemnitee or its successors shall be prospective only and shall not limit or eliminate any such right with respect to any proceeding involving any occurrence or alleged occurrence of any action or omission to act that took place prior to such amendment, alteration or repeal.
ARTICLE V
BOOKS AND RECORDS
Section 5.1 Books and Records.
(a) General. The Company shall maintain in its principal business office, or any other place as may be determined by the Company, the books and records of the Company.
(b) Specific Records. In particular, the Company shall maintain:
(i) A register containing the name, address, and number and class of Units (including Equivalent Units) of each Member, and such other information as the Managing Member may deem necessary or desirable (as may be amended or updated from time to time, the Register). The Register shall not be deemed part of this Agreement. The Managing Member shall from time to time update the Register as necessary to ensure the Register is accurate, including as a result of any sales, exchanges, or other Transfers, or any redemptions, issuances, or similar events involving Units. Except as required by Law, no Member shall be entitled to receive a copy of the information set forth in the Register relating to any Member other than itself.
(ii) A copy of the Certificate of Formation and this Agreement and all amendments thereto.
Section 5.2 Financial Accounts. At all times during the continuance of the Company, the Company shall prepare and maintain separate books of account for the Company for financial reporting purposes, on an accrual basis, in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied.
Section 5.3 Inspection; Confidentiality. The Managing Member may keep confidential from the Members (or any of them) for such period of time as the Managing Member determines to be reasonable, any information (a) that the Managing Member believes to be in the nature of trade secrets, (b) the disclosure of which the Managing Member in good faith believes is not in the best
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interests of the Company or the Managing Member, or (c) that the Company or the Managing Member is required by Law, agreement, or customary commercial practice to keep confidential. Subject to the provisions of the previous sentence, the Members (personally or through an authorized representative) may, for purposes reasonably related to their respective interests in the Company, examine and copy (at their own cost and expense) the books and records of the Company at all reasonable business hours upon reasonable prior notice.
Section 5.4 Information to be Provided by Managing Member to Members. The Company shall deliver (or otherwise make accessible) to each Member a copy of any information mailed or delivered electronically to all of the common stockholders of the Managing Member as soon as practicable after such mailing.
ARTICLE VI
ALLOCATIONS
Section 6.1 Allocations Generally. Each Fiscal Year, after adjusting each Members Capital Account for all contributions and distributions with respect to such Fiscal Year and after giving effect to the allocations under Section 6.2 for the Fiscal Year, Net Profits and Net Losses shall be allocated among the Members in a manner such that, after such allocations have been made, each Members Capital Account balance (which may be a positive, negative, or zero balance) will equal (proportionately) (a) the amount that would be distributed to each such Member, determined as if the Company were to (i) sell all of its Assets for their Asset Values, (ii) satisfy all of its liabilities in accordance with their terms with the proceeds from such sale (limited, with respect to Nonrecourse Liabilities, to the Asset Values of the Assets securing such liabilities), and (iii) distribute the remaining proceeds pursuant to the applicable provision of this Agreement, minus (b) the sum of (x) such Members share of the Company Minimum Gain and Member Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain and (y) the amount, if any (without duplication of any amount included under clause (x)), that such Member is obligated (or is deemed for U.S. tax purposes to be obligated) to contribute, in its capacity as a Member, to the capital of the Company as of the last day of such Fiscal Year.
Section 6.2 Priority Allocations.
(a) Minimum Gain Chargeback, Qualified Income Offset, and Stop Loss Provisions. Each of (i) the minimum gain chargeback provision of Treas. Reg. § 1.704-2(f), (ii) the chargeback of partner nonrecourse debt minimum gain provision of Treas. Reg. § 1.704-2(i)(4), (iii) the qualified income offset provision in Treas. Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d), and (iv) the requirement in Treas. Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(3) that an allocation not cause or increase a deficit balance in a Members Capital Account is hereby incorporated by reference as a part of this Agreement. The Company shall make such allocations as are necessary to comply with those provisions and shall make any determinations with respect to such allocations (to the extent consistent with clauses (i) - (iv) of the preceding sentence).
(b) Nonrecourse Deductions. Nonrecourse Deductions for any Fiscal Year shall be allocated to the Members in accordance with their Units, unless otherwise determined by the Company.
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(c) Member Nonrecourse Deductions. Any Member Nonrecourse Deductions for any Fiscal Year shall be specially allocated to the Member who bears the economic risk of loss (within the meaning of Treas. Reg. § 1.752-2) with respect to the Member Nonrecourse Debt to which such Member Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treas. Reg. § 1.704-2(i)(l).
(d) Special Basis Adjustments. To the extent an adjustment to the adjusted tax basis of any Company Asset, pursuant to Code section 734(b) or Code section 743(b) is required, pursuant to Treas. Reg. §§ 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m)(2) or 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m)(4), to be taken into account in determining Capital Accounts as the result of a distribution to a Member in complete liquidation of such Members interest in the Company, the amount of such adjustment to Capital Accounts shall be treated as an item of gain (if the adjustment increases the basis of the Asset) or loss (if the adjustment decreases such basis) and such gain or loss shall be specially allocated to the Members in accordance with their interests in the Company in the event Treas. Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m)(2) applies, or to the Member to whom such distribution was made in the event Treas. Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m)(4) applies.
(e) Ameliorative Allocations. Any allocations made (as well as anticipated reversing or offsetting regulatory allocations to be made) pursuant to Section 6.2(a)-(d) shall be taken into account in computing subsequent allocations pursuant to this Agreement, so that the net amount for any item so allocated and all other items allocated to each Member pursuant to this Agreement shall be equal, to the extent possible, to the net amount that would have been allocated to each Member pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement if those allocations had not occurred.
Section 6.3 Other Allocation Rules.
(a) In General. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 6.3, for income tax purposes under the Code and the Regulations, each Company item of income, gain, loss, deduction, and credit (collectively, Tax Items) shall be allocated among the Members in the same manner as its correlative item of income, gain, loss, deduction, and credit (as calculated for purposes of allocating Net Profits or Net Loss) is allocated pursuant to Section 6.1 and Section 6.2.
(b) Section 704(c) Allocations. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 6.3(a) to the contrary, in accordance with Code section 704(c)(1)(A) (and the principles of those provisions) and Treas. Reg. § 1.704-3, Tax Items with respect to any property contributed to the capital of the Company, or after Company property has been revalued under Treas. Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f) or (s), shall, solely for U.S. federal, state and local tax purposes, be allocated among the Members so as to take into account any variation between the adjusted basis of such Company property to the Company for U.S. federal income tax purposes and its value as so determined at the time of the contribution or revaluation of Company property. Allocations pursuant to Section 6.3(a) and this Section 6.3(b) are solely for U.S. federal, state, and local tax purposes and shall not affect, or in any way be taken into account in computing, any Members Capital Account or share of profit, loss, or other items, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement.
(c) Allocations in Respect of Varying Interests. If any Members interest in the Company varies (within the meaning of Code section 706(d)) within a Fiscal Year, whether by reason of a Transfer of a Unit, redemption of a Unit by the Company, or otherwise, Net Profits and Net Losses for that Fiscal Year will be allocated so as to take into account such varying interests in accordance with Code section 706(d) using the daily proration method and/or such other permissible method, methods, or conventions selected by the Company.
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(d) Timing and Amount of Allocations of Net Profits and Net Loss. Net Profits and Net Loss of the Company shall be determined and allocated with respect to each Fiscal Year as of the end of each such year, or at such other time or times determined by the Company.
(e) Modification of Allocations. The allocations set forth in Section 6.1 and Section 6.2 are intended to comply with certain requirements of the Regulations. The Company shall be authorized to make, in its reasonable discretion, appropriate modifications to the allocations of Net Profits and Net Losses pursuant to this Agreement in order to comply with Code section 704 or applicable Regulations. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, if the Company reasonably determines an allocation other than the allocations that would otherwise be made pursuant to this Agreement would more appropriately reflect the Members interests in the Company, the Company may in its discretion make appropriate adjustments to such allocations.
(f) Allocation of Liabilities Under Code Section 752. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no Member will take, or permit any Affiliate to take, any action that would change the allocation of liabilities for purposes of Code section 752 without the consent of the Company.
ARTICLE VII
TAX MATTERS
Section 7.1 Provision of Information.
(a) Information to Be Provided by Company to Members. No later than thirty (30) days after the filing by the Company of the Companys federal tax return (Federal Form 1065), the Company shall provide to each Member a copy of Schedule K-1 of Federal Form 1065 reporting that Members allocable share of items of income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit for such Fiscal Year, and such additional information as is required to be provided on the Schedule K-1 or as such Member may reasonably request for tax purposes, each as determined by the Company. The Member hereby consents to receive each Schedule K-1 in respect of the Members LLC Interest in the Company through electronic delivery.
(b) Information to Be Provided by Members to Company.
(i) Notice of Audit or Tax Examination. Each Member shall notify the Company within five (5) days after receipt of any notice regarding an audit or tax examination of the Company and upon any request for material information related to the Company by U.S. federal, state, local, or other tax authorities.
(ii) Other Relevant Tax Information. Each Member shall provide to the Company upon request tax basis information about Assets contributed by it to the Company and such other tax information as reasonably requested by the Company and necessary for it to prepare its financial reports or any tax returns and such other information and/or tax forms as the Company reasonably requests.
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(c) No Right to Member Tax Returns. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or any right to information under the Act, with respect to the financial statements or tax returns of a Member or its Affiliates, none of the Company, the other Members, such other Members Affiliates or any of their respective representatives, will be entitled to review such financial statements or tax returns for any purpose, including in connection with any proceeding or other dispute (whether involving the Company, between the Members, or involving any other Persons).
Section 7.2 Tax Elections. The Company shall have in effect (and shall cause each Subsidiary that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes to have in effect) an election pursuant to Code section 754 (and any similar provisions of applicable U.S. state or local law) for the Company for the Fiscal Year that includes the date of the IPO and each Fiscal Year in which a sale or exchange (whether partial or complete) occurs. The Company shall determine whether to make any other available election pursuant to the Code or Regulations that is not otherwise expressly provided for in this Agreement, and the Members hereby consent to all such elections.
Section 7.3 Company Tax Returns. The Company shall use reasonable best efforts to cause to be prepared and timely filed (taking into account available extensions) all federal, state, and local, and non-U.S. tax returns of the Company for each year for which such returns are required to be filed and shall determine the appropriate treatment of each Tax Item of the Company and make all other determinations with respect to such tax returns.
Section 7.4 Tax Representative.
(a) Appointment and Replacement of Tax Representative.
(i) Tax Representative. The Company shall act as the Tax Representative, but the Company may designate another Person to act as the Tax Representative and may remove, replace, or revoke the designation of that Person, or require that Person to resign. For any jurisdiction with respect to which the Company cannot serve as the Tax Representative, however, the Managing Member shall act as the Tax Representative, unless otherwise determined by the Company.
(ii) Designated Individual. If the Tax Representative is not an individual, the Company shall appoint a designated individual for each taxable year (as described in Treas. Reg. § 301.6223-1(b)(3)(ii)) (a Designated Individual).
(iii) Approval by Members. Each Member agrees to execute, certify, acknowledge, deliver, swear to, file, and record at the appropriate public offices such documents as may be deemed necessary or appropriate to evidence the appointments described in Section 7.4(a)(i) and Section 7.4(a)(ii), including statements required to be filed with the tax returns of the Company in order to effect the designation of the Tax Representative or Designated Individual (and any successor).
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(b) Authority of the Tax Representative; Delegation of Authority. The Tax Representative shall have all of the rights, duties, powers, and obligations provided for under the Code, Regulations, or other applicable guidance; provided, that, that if a Person other than the Company is the Tax Representative, the Tax Representative shall in all cases act solely at the direction of the Company. The Tax Representative may delegate its authority under this Section 7.4(b) to a Designated Individual who shall in all cases act solely at the direction of the Company.
(c) Costs and Indemnification of Tax Representative and Designated Individual. Without duplication of the provisions of Section 4.3(b), the Company shall pay, or to the extent the Tax Representative or Designated Individual pays, indemnify and reimburse, to the fullest extent permitted by Law, the Tax Representative or Designated Individual for all costs and expenses, including legal and accounting fees (as such fees are incurred) and any claims incurred in connection with any tax audit or judicial review proceeding with respect to the tax liability of the Company.
Section 7.5 Tax Audits.
(a) Determinations with Respect to Audits and Other Tax Controversies. Except to the extent otherwise required by applicable Tax Law (including Code section 6241(11)), the Company (acting directly and/or through the Tax Representative or Designated Individual) shall have the sole authority to make all decisions and determinations with respect to, and shall have sole authority with respect to the conduct of, tax audits or other tax controversies with respect to the Company, and any action taken by the Company (acting directly and/or through the Tax Representative or Designated Individual) in connection with any such audits or controversies shall be binding upon the Company and the Members and former Members.
(b) Determinations with Respect to Elections. The Company may make the election out under Code section 6221(b) if such an election is available, unless otherwise determined by the Company. If the Company does not make the election described in the preceding sentence, the Company (acting directly and/or through the Tax Representative or Designated Individual) shall have the sole authority to determine whether to cause the Company to make a Push Out Election with respect to any adjustment that could result in an imputed underpayment (within the meaning of Code section 6225) (an Imputed Underpayment).
(c) Responsibility for Payment of Tax; Former Members.
(i) Imputed Underpayment Share. To the extent the Company is liable for any Imputed Underpayment, the Company shall determine the liability of the Members for a share of such Imputed Underpayment, taking into account the Members Units and the status and actions of the Members (including those described in Code section 6225(c)) (such share, an Imputed Underpayment Share).
(ii) Payment of Imputed Underpayment Share. The Company may reduce future distributions to the Member in an amount equal to the Members Imputed Underpayment Share.
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Section 7.6 No Independent Actions or Inconsistent Positions. Except as previously authorized in writing by the Company (which authorization may be withheld in the sole discretion of the Company) no Member shall (i) independently act with respect to tax matters (including, but not limited to, audits, litigation and controversies) affecting or arising from the Company, or (ii) treat any Company item inconsistently on such Members income tax return with the treatment of the item on the Companys tax return and/or the Schedule K-1 (or other written information statement) provided to such Member.
Section 7.7 United States Person. Each Member represents and covenants that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it is and will at all times remain a United States Person, within the meaning of Code section 7701, or is a disregarded entity the assets of which are treated as owned by a United States Person under Treas. Reg. §§ 301.7701-1, 301.7701-2, and 301.7701-3.
Section 7.8 State, Local, and Non-U.S. Tax Law. The provisions of this Agreement with respect to U.S. federal income tax shall apply, mutatis mutandis, with respect to any similar provisions of state, local, or non-U.S. tax law as determined by the Company.
Section 7.9 Survival of Obligations. For purposes of this Article VII, the term Member shall include a former Member to the extent determined by the Company. The rights and obligations of each Member and former Member under this Article VII shall survive the Transfer by such Member of its Units (or withdrawal by a Member or redemption of a Members Units) and the dissolution of the Company until ninety (90) days after the applicable statute of limitations.
Section 7.10 Taxes Other Than U.S. Federal Income Taxes. The provisions of this Agreement with respect to U.S. federal income tax shall apply, mutatis mutandis, with respect to any similar provisions of state, local, or non-U.S. tax law as determined by the Company.
Section 7.11 Tax Classification. The parties intend that the Company shall be classified as a partnership for United States federal, state, and local tax purposes. No Person shall take any action inconsistent with such classifications.
Section 7.12 Accounting and Fiscal Year. Unless otherwise determined by the Company or required by Code section 706, the fiscal year of the Company (the Fiscal Year) shall be the period commencing on January 1 of each calendar year and ending on December 31 of the same calendar year, or, in the case of the first and last Fiscal Years of the Company, the fraction thereof commencing on the date of this Agreement or ending on the date on which the winding-up of the Company is completed, as the case may be.
Section 7.13 Capital Accounts. The Company or Managing Member shall establish and maintain a capital account for each Member in accordance with Treas. Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv) (each, a Capital Account). The Company may maintain Capital Account sub-accounts for different classes of Units, and any provisions of this Agreement pertaining to Capital Account maintenance shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to those sub-accounts.
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ARTICLE VIII
UNIT TRANSFERS AND MEMBER WITHDRAWALS
Section 8.1 Transfer Generally Prohibited. No Units shall be Transferred, in whole or in part, except in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Article VIII. Any Transfer or purported Transfer of a Unit not made in accordance with this Article VIII shall be null and void ab initio. Membership Interests shall not be subject to the claims of any creditor, to any spouse for alimony or support, or to legal process, and may not be voluntarily or involuntarily alienated or encumbered except as may be specifically provided for in this Agreement.
Section 8.2 Conditions Generally Applicable to All Transfers. All Transfers are subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions:
(a) Transfers by Members Other than the Managing Member:
(i) Consent of Managing Member. No Member that is not the Managing Member shall Transfer any portion of its Membership Interest to any transferee without the prior written consent of the Managing Member unless such Transfer is pursuant to a Related Party Transfer and all the conditions of this Section 8.2 are satisfied.
(ii) Assumption of Obligations; No Relief from Obligations. The transferee shall assume, by operation of Law or express agreement, all of the obligations of the transferor Member under this Agreement with respect to such Transferred Membership Interest, and no such Transfer (other than pursuant to a statutory merger or consolidation pursuant to which all obligations and liabilities of the transferor Member are assumed by a successor corporation by operation of Law) shall relieve the transferor Member of its obligations under this Agreement without the approval of the Managing Member. Any transferee, whether or not admitted as a Substituted Member, shall take subject to the obligations of the transferor Member under this Agreement. Unless admitted as a Substituted Member, no transferee, whether by a voluntary Transfer, by operation of Law or otherwise, shall have any rights under this Agreement.
(b) Transfers by the Managing Member.
(i) Consent of Members. The Managing Member may not Transfer any of its Units without the consent of a Majority-in-Interest of the Members, except in connection with an Applicable Sale or Termination Transaction approved by the Board of Directors or to a wholly-owned subsidiary in accordance with Section 8.2(b)(ii).
(ii) Transfer to Subsidiary. Subject to compliance with the other provisions of this Article VIII, the Managing Member may Transfer all of its Units at any time to any Person that is, at the time of such Transfer, a direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiary of the Managing Member without the consent of any Member and may designate the transferee to become the new Managing Member for all purposes of this Agreement.
(c) Other Restrictions on Transfer. In addition to any other restrictions on Transfer in this Agreement, no Member may Transfer a Unit (including by way of acquisition of Units by the Managing Member, or any other acquisition of Units by the Company) if the Company determines:
(i) Based on the advice of nationally recognized tax counsel, such Transfer would create a material risk of the Company being classified as an association taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal, state, or local income tax purposes; provided, that a Transfer by a Member or its Affiliates shall not be prohibited under this Section 8.2(c)(i) if the Member (or its Affiliate) obtains a tax opinion from nationally recognized tax counsel that the Transfer will not result in the Company being classified as an association taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal, state, or local income tax purposes;
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(ii) That the Transfer would be to any Person or entity who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own a Membership Interest;
(iii) That the Transfer would be in violation of Law;
(iv) That the Transfer would be of any fractional or component portion of a Unit or Membership Interest, such as the Capital Account, or rights to distributions, separate and apart from all other components of a Unit;
(v) That the Transfer would create a material risk that the Company would become, with respect to any employee benefit plan subject to Title I of ERISA, a party-in-interest (as defined in ERISA Section 3(14)) or a disqualified Person (as defined in Code section 4975(c));
(vi) Based on the advice of counsel, that the Transfer would create a material risk that any portion of the Assets would constitute assets of any employee benefit plan pursuant to Department of Labor Reg. § 2510.2-101;
(vii) That the Transfer would require the registration of such Membership Interest pursuant to any applicable federal or state securities Laws;
(viii) Based on advice of counsel, that such Transfer would create a material risk that the Company would become a reporting company under the Exchange Act; or
(ix) Based on the advice of counsel, that the Transfer would subject the Company to regulation under the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Investment Advisors Act of 1940 or ERISA, each as amended.
Section 8.3 Drag-Along Rights.
(a) General. If at any time the Managing Member and/or its Affiliates (excluding, for purposes of this Section 8.3, the Company and its Subsidiaries) desire to Transfer in one or more transactions a sufficient portion of its and/or their Units (or any beneficial interest therein) to constitute a change of Control of the Company in an arms-length transaction to a bona fide third party that is not an Affiliate of the Managing Member (an Applicable Sale), the Managing Member may require each other Member to sell the same ratable share of its Membership Interests as is being sold by the Managing Member and such Affiliates (based upon the total Membership Interests held by the Managing Member and its Affiliates at such time) on the same terms and conditions (Drag-Along Right). The Managing Member may in its sole discretion elect to cause the Managing Member and/or the Company to structure the Applicable Sale as a merger or consolidation or as a sale of the Companys Assets. No Member shall have any dissenters rights, appraisal rights or similar rights in connection with any Applicable Sale, and no Member may object to any subsequent liquidation or other distribution of the proceeds from an Applicable Sale that is a sale of Assets. Each Member agrees to consent to, and raise no objections against, an
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Applicable Sale. In the event of the exercise by the Managing Member of its Drag-Along Right pursuant to this Section 8.3, each Member shall take all reasonably necessary and desirable actions approved by the Managing Member in connection with the consummation of the Applicable Sale, including the execution of such agreements and such instruments and other actions reasonably necessary to provide customary and reasonable representations, warranties, indemnities, covenants, conditions and other agreements relating to such Applicable Sale and to otherwise effect the transaction; provided, however, that (A) such Members shall not be required to give disproportionately greater or more onerous representations, warranties, indemnities, or covenants than the Managing Member or its Affiliates, (B) such Members shall not be obligated to bear any share of the out-of-pocket expenses, costs, or fees (including attorneys fees) incurred by the Company or its Affiliates in connection with such Applicable Sale unless and to the extent that such expenses, costs, and fees were incurred for the benefit of the Company or all of its Members, (C) such Members shall not be obligated or otherwise responsible for more than their proportionate shares of any indemnities or other liabilities incurred by the Company and the Members as sellers in respect of such Applicable Sale, and (D) any indemnities or other liabilities approved by the Managing Member shall be limited, in respect of each Member, to such Members share of the proceeds from the Applicable Sale.
(b) Notice. At least five (5) Business Days before consummation of an Applicable Sale, the Managing Member shall (i) provide the Members written notice (the Applicable Sale Notice) of the Applicable Sale, which notice shall contain (A) the name and address of the third-party purchaser, (B) the proposed purchase price, terms of payment, and other material terms and conditions of the purchasers offer, together with a copy of any binding agreement with respect to the Applicable Sale and (C) notification of whether the Managing Member has elected to exercise its Drag-Along Right and (ii) promptly notify the Members of all proposed changes to the material terms and keep the Members reasonably informed as to all material terms relating to the Applicable Sale or contribution, and promptly deliver to the Members copies of all final material agreements relating to the Applicable Sale not already provided in accordance with this Section 8.3(b) or otherwise. The Managing Member shall provide the Members written notice of the termination of an Applicable Sale within five (5) Business Days following such termination, which notice shall state that the Applicable Sale Notice served with respect to such Applicable Sale is rescinded.
Section 8.4 Substituted Members.
(a) Admission as Member. A transferee of Units of a Member may be admitted as a Substituted Member only with the consent of the Company; provided, however, that a Related-Party Transferee shall be admitted as a Substituted Member without the consent of the Company, subject to compliance with Section 8.4(b). The failure or refusal by the Company to permit a transferee of Units to become a Substituted Member shall not give rise to any cause of action against the Company or the Managing Member. A transferee who has been admitted as a Substituted Member in accordance with this Article VIII shall have all the rights and powers and be subject to all the restrictions and liabilities of a Member under this Agreement.
(b) Documents to be Provided by Transferee. No transferee shall be admitted as a Substituted Member until and unless it furnishes to the Managing Member (i) evidence of acceptance, in form and substance satisfactory to the Managing Member, of all the terms, conditions and applicable obligations of this Agreement, (ii) a counterpart signature page to this Agreement executed by such transferee and (iii) such other documents and instruments as the Managing Member may require to effect such transferees admission as a Substituted Member.
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(c) Amendment of Books and Records. In connection with, and as evidence of, the admission of a Substituted Member, the Managing Member or Company shall amend the Register and the books and records of the Company to reflect the name, address and number of Units of such Substituted Member and to eliminate or adjust, if necessary, the name, address and number of Units of the predecessor of such Substituted Member.
Section 8.5 Company Right to Call Membership Interests. Beginning on the date on which the aggregate Percentage Interests of the Members (other than the Managing Member and its Subsidiaries) are less than ten (10) percent, the Company shall have the right, but not the obligation, from time to time and at any time to redeem all (but not less than all) outstanding Class B Common Units by treating each Member as an Exchangeable Unit Member who has delivered an Elective Exchange Notice pursuant to Section 12.1(b) in respect of all of such Exchangeable Unit Members Class B Common Units. The Company shall exercise this right by giving notice to an Exchangeable Unit Member stating that the Company has elected to exercise its rights under this Section 8.5. The notice given by the Company to an Exchangeable Unit Member pursuant to this Section 8.5 shall be treated as if it were an Elective Exchange Notice delivered to the Company by such Exchangeable Unit Member. For purposes of this Section 8.5, the provisions of Article VI shall apply except to the extent otherwise determined by the Company.
Section 8.6 Withdrawal.
(a) Permissible Withdrawals. Subject to any Unit Designation, no Member may withdraw from the Company other than:
(i) As a result of a Permitted Transfer of all of such Members Units in accordance with this Article VIII with respect to which the transferee becomes a Substituted Member;
(ii) Pursuant to an acquisition by the Managing Member of all of its Membership Interests; or
(iii) With the consent of the Company.
(b) Consequences of Withdrawal. Any Member who Transfers all of its Units in a Transfer (i) permitted pursuant to this Article VIII where such transferee was admitted as a Substituted Member or (ii) to the Managing Member, whether or not pursuant to Section 12.1, shall cease to be a Member but shall continue to have the obligations of a former Member that are expressly set forth in this Agreement.
Section 8.7 Restrictions on Termination Transactions.
(a) General. Except as provided in Section 8.7(b), neither the Company nor the Managing Member shall engage in, or cause or permit, a Termination Transaction.
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(b) Consent. The Company or Managing Member may engage in, cause, or permit a Termination Transaction only if one of the following conditions is satisfied:
(i) A Majority-in-Interest of the Members gives Consent;
(ii) In connection with any such Termination Transaction, each holder of Common Units (other than the Managing Member and its wholly owned Subsidiaries) will receive, or will have the right to elect to receive, for each Common Unit an amount of cash, securities or other property equal to the greatest amount of cash, securities or other property paid to a holder of one share of Class A Common Stock in consideration of one share of Class A Common Stock pursuant to the terms of such Termination Transaction; provided, that if, in connection with such Termination Transaction, a purchase, tender or exchange offer shall have been made to and accepted by the holders of a majority of the outstanding Class A Common Stock, each holder of Common Units (other than the Managing Member and its wholly owned Subsidiaries) will receive, or will have the right to elect to receive, the greatest amount of cash, securities or other property which such holder of Common Units would have received had it exercised its right to Exchange pursuant to Article XII and received Class A Common Stock in exchange for its Common Units immediately prior to the expiration of such purchase, tender or exchange offer and had thereupon accepted such purchase, tender or exchange offer and then such Termination Transaction shall have been consummated; or
(iii) All of the following conditions are met: (1) substantially all of the Assets directly or indirectly owned by the Company before the announcement of the Termination Transaction are, immediately after the Termination Transaction, owned directly or indirectly by the Company or another limited partnership or limited liability company that is the survivor of a merger, consolidation or combination of assets with the Company (in each case, the Surviving Company); (2) the Surviving Company is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and each of its Subsidiaries is classified as a partnership or a disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes; (3) the rights of such Members with respect to the Surviving Company (including pursuant to a Tax Receivable Agreement) are at least as favorable as those of Members holding Common Units immediately before the consummation of such transaction (except to the extent that any such rights are consistent with clause (4) of this Section 8.7(b)(iii)) and as those applicable to any other limited partners or non-managing members of the Surviving Company; and (4) such rights include the right to cause their interests in the Surviving Company to be redeemed at any time or times for cash in an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of such interest at the time of redemption, as determined at least once every calendar quarter by an independent appraisal firm of recognized national standing retained by the Surviving Company.
Section 8.8 Incapacity. If a Member is subject to Incapacity, the executor, administrator, trustee, committee, guardian, conservator, or receiver of such Members estate shall have the same rights as the Incapacitated Member possessed to Transfer its Units. The Incapacity of a Member, in and of itself, shall not dissolve or terminate the Company.
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Section 8.9 Withholding With Respect to a Transfer of Units. A Member making a Transfer permitted by this Agreement shall, unless otherwise determined by the Company, (i) have delivered to the Company an affidavit of non-foreign status with respect to such transferor Member that satisfies the requirements of Code section 1446(f)(2) or other documentation establishing a valid exemption from withholding pursuant to Code section 1446(f) or (ii) ensure that, contemporaneously with the Transfer, the transferee of such interest properly withholds and remits to the IRS the amount of tax required to be withheld upon the Transfer by Code section 1446(f) (and promptly provide evidence to the Company of such withholding and remittance). In connection with any such Transfer, the transferor Member and transferee of such interest shall agree to jointly and severally indemnify and hold harmless the Company against any loss (including taxes, interest, penalties, and any related expenses) arising out of any failure to comply with the provisions of this Section 8.9.
ARTICLE IX
ADMISSION OF MEMBERS
Section 9.1 Members; Admission of Additional Members.
(a) Requirements for Admission. A Person (other than a then-existing Member) who makes a Capital Contribution to the Company in exchange for Units and in accordance with this Agreement shall be admitted to the Company as an Additional Member only upon furnishing to the Managing Member (i) evidence of acceptance, in form and substance satisfactory to the Managing Member, of all of the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the power of attorney granted in Section 13.1, (ii) a counterpart signature page to this Agreement executed by such Person, and (iii) such other documents or instruments as may be required by the Managing Member in order to effect such Persons admission as an Additional Member. In connection with, and as evidence of, the admission of an Additional Member, the Managing Member shall amend the Register and the books and records of the Company to reflect the name, address, number and type of Units of such Additional Member.
(b) Consent of Company Required. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 9.1, no Person shall be admitted as an Additional Member without the consent of the Company. The admission of any Person as an Additional Member shall become effective on the date determined by the Company (but in no case earlier than the satisfaction of all the conditions set forth in Section 9.1(a)).
Section 9.2 Limit on Number of Members. Unless otherwise permitted by the Managing Member, no Person shall be admitted to the Company as an Additional Member if the effect of such admission would be to cause the Company to have a number of Members (including as Members for this purpose those Persons indirectly owning an interest in the Company through another partnership, a limited liability company, a subchapter S corporation or a grantor trust) that would (i) cause the Company to become a reporting company under the Exchange Act or (ii) result in the Company at any time during its taxable year having more than 100 members, within the meaning of Treas. Reg. § 1.7704-1(h)(1)(ii) (taking into account Treas. Reg. § 1.7704-1(h)(3)).
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ARTICLE X
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION
Section 10.1 Dissolution Generally.
(a) Dissolution Only in Accordance with this Agreement. The Company shall not be dissolved by the substitution of Members or the admission of Additional Members in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The Company may be dissolved, liquidated and terminated only pursuant to the provisions of this Article X, and the Members hereby irrevocably waive any and all other rights they may have to cause a dissolution of the Company or a sale or partition of any or all of the Companys Assets.
(b) Termination of Members. The death, retirement, resignation, expulsion, Bankruptcy, insolvency or dissolution of a Member or the occurrence of any other event that terminates the continued membership of a Member in the Company shall not in and of itself cause dissolution of the Company.
Section 10.2 Events Causing Dissolution.
(a) Actions by Members. No Member shall take any action to dissolve, terminate or liquidate the Company or to require apportionment, appraisal or partition of the Company or any of its Assets, or to file a bill for an accounting, except as specifically provided in this Agreement, and each Member, to the fullest extent permitted by Law, waives any rights to take any such actions under Law, including any right to petition a court for judicial dissolution under Section 18-802 of the Act.
(b) Liquidating Events. The Company shall be dissolved and its affairs shall be wound up upon the occurrence of any of the following events (each, a Liquidating Event):
(i) an election to dissolve the Company made by the Managing Member, with the Consent of a Majority-in-Interest of the Members;
(ii) the expiration of forty-five (45) days after the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all Assets; or
(iii) any other event which results in a mandatory dissolution under the Act.
Section 10.3 Distribution upon Dissolution.
(a) Order of Distributions. Upon the dissolution of the Company pursuant to Section 10.2, the Managing Member (or, in the event that the Managing Member has dissolved, become Bankrupt or ceased to operate, any Person elected by a Majority-in-Interest of the Members (the Managing Member or such other Person, the Liquidator)) shall be responsible for overseeing the winding up and dissolution of the Company and shall take full account of the Companys Assets and liabilities, and the Companys Assets shall be liquidated as promptly as is consistent with obtaining the fair value thereof, and the proceeds therefrom (which may, to the extent determined by the Managing Member, include shares of stock in the Managing Member) shall be applied and distributed in the following order:
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(i) First, to the satisfaction of all of the Companys Debts and liabilities to creditors, including Members who are creditors (other than with respect to liabilities owed to Members in satisfaction of liabilities for previously declared distributions), whether by payment or the making of reasonable provision for payment thereof;
(ii) Second, to the satisfaction of all of the Companys liabilities to the Members in satisfaction of liabilities for previously declared distributions, whether by payment or the making of reasonable provision for payment thereof; and
(iii) The balance, if any, to the Members, in the same order of priorities provided for in Article III.
(b) Discretion of Liquidator and Managing Member.
(i) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 10.3(a) that require liquidation of the Assets, but subject to the order of priorities set forth therein, if prior to or upon dissolution of the Company, the Liquidator determines that an immediate sale of part or all of the Companys Assets would be impractical or would cause undue loss to the Members, the Liquidator may, in its sole and absolute discretion, defer for a reasonable time the liquidation of any Assets except those necessary to satisfy liabilities of the Company (including to those Members as creditors) and/or distribute to the Members, in lieu of cash, as tenants in common and in accordance with the provisions of Section 10.3(a), undivided interests in such Company Assets as the Liquidator deems not suitable for liquidation. Any such distributions in kind shall be subject to such conditions relating to the disposition and management of such properties as the Liquidator deems reasonable and equitable and to any agreements governing the operation of such properties at such time. The Liquidator shall determine the Fair Market Value of any property distributed in kind using such reasonable method of valuation as it may adopt.
(ii) In the sole and absolute discretion of the Managing Member, a pro rata portion of the distributions that would otherwise be made to the Members pursuant to this Article X may be:
A) Distributed to a trust established for the benefit of the Managing Member and the Members for the purpose of liquidating Company Assets, collecting amounts owed to the Company, and paying any contingent or unforeseen liabilities or obligations of the Company or of the Managing Member arising out of or in connection with the Company and/or Company activities. The assets of any such trust shall be distributed to the Members, from time to time, in the reasonable discretion of the Managing Member, in the same proportions and amounts as would otherwise have been distributed to the Members pursuant to this Agreement; or
B) Withheld or escrowed to provide a reasonable reserve for Company liabilities (contingent or otherwise) and to reflect the unrealized portion of any installment obligations owed to the Company, provided that such withheld or escrowed amounts shall be distributed to the Members in the manner and order of priority set forth in Section 10.3(a) as soon as practicable.
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Section 10.4 Rights of Members. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement and subject to the rights of any Member set forth in a Unit Designation, (a) each Member shall look solely to the Assets for the return of its Capital Contribution, (b) no Member shall have the right or power to demand or receive property other than cash from the Company, and (c) no Member shall have priority over any other Member as to the return of its Capital Contributions, distributions, or allocations.
Section 10.5 Termination. The Company shall terminate when all of the Assets, after payment of or due provision for all Debts, liabilities, and obligations of the Company, have been distributed to the Members in the manner provided for in this Article X and the Certificate of Formation shall have been cancelled in the manner required by the Act.
ARTICLE XI
PROCEDURES FOR ACTIONS AND CONSENTS
OF MEMBERS; AMENDMENTS; MEETINGS
Section 11.1 Actions and Consents of Members. The actions requiring Consent of any Member pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise pursuant to Law are subject to the procedures set forth in this Article XI.
Section 11.2 Amendments. Except as otherwise required or permitted by this Agreement (including Section 4.1(f)), amendments to this Agreement must be approved by the Managing Member and a Majority-in-Interest of the Members. Upon obtaining any such Consent, or any other Consent required by this Agreement, and without further action or execution by any other Person, including any Member, (i) any amendment to this Agreement may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the Managing Member, and (ii) the Members shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment of this Agreement.
Section 11.3 Procedures for Meetings and Actions of the Members.
(a) Time; Quorum; Consent. Meetings of the Members may be called only by the Managing Member and shall state the nature of the business to be transacted. Notice of any such meeting shall be given to all Members entitled to act at the meeting not less than two (2) days nor more than ninety (90) days prior to the date of such meeting. Members may vote in Person or by proxy at such meeting. Unless approval by a different number or proportion of the Members is required by this Agreement or any Unit Designation, the affirmative vote of a Majority-in-Interest of the Members shall be sufficient to approve such proposal at a meeting of the Members. Whenever the Consent of any Members is permitted or required under this Agreement, such Consent may be given at a meeting of Members or in accordance with the procedure prescribed in Section 11.3(b).
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(b) Written Consents. Any action requiring the Consent of any Member or a group of Members pursuant to this Agreement or that is required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of the Members may be taken without a meeting if a Consent in writing or by electronic transmission setting forth the action so taken or consented to is given by Members whose affirmative vote would be sufficient to approve such action or provide such Consent at a meeting of the Members. Such Consent may be in one instrument or in several instruments and shall have the same force and effect as the affirmative vote of such Members at a meeting of the Members. Such Consent shall be filed with the Managing Member. An action so taken shall be deemed to have been taken at a meeting held on the effective date so certified. For purposes of obtaining a Consent in writing or by electronic transmission, the Managing Member may require a response within a reasonable specified time, but not less than two (2) days after receipt of notice, and failure to respond in such time period shall constitute a Consent that is consistent with the Managing Members recommendation with respect to the proposal; provided, however, that an action shall become effective at such time as requisite Consents are received even if prior to such specified time.
(c) Proxy. Each Member entitled to act at a meeting of Members may authorize any Person or Persons to act for it by proxy on all matters in which a Member is entitled to participate, including waiving notice of any meeting, or voting or participating at a meeting. Each proxy must be signed by the Member or its attorney-in-fact. No proxy shall be valid after the expiration of eleven (11) months from the date thereof unless otherwise provided in the proxy (or there is receipt of a proxy authorizing a later date). Every proxy shall be revocable at the pleasure of the Member executing it, such revocation to be effective upon the Companys receipt of written notice of such revocation from the Member executing such proxy, unless such proxy states that it is irrevocable and is coupled with an interest.
(d) Record Date for Meetings. The Managing Member may set, in advance, a Record Date for the purpose of determining the Members (i) entitled to Consent to any action, (ii) entitled to receive notice of or vote at any meeting of the Members or (iii) in order to make a determination of Members for any other proper purpose. Any such date shall not be before the close of business on the day the Record Date is fixed and shall be not more than ninety (90) days and, in the case of a meeting of the Members, not less than two (2) days, before the date on which the meeting is to be held. If no Record Date is fixed, the Record Date for the determination of Members entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of the Members shall be at the close of business on the day on which the notice of the meeting is sent, and the Record Date for any other determination of Members shall be the effective date of such Member action, distribution or other event. When a determination of the Members entitled to vote at any meeting of the Members has been made as provided in this section, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof.
(e) Conduct of Meetings. Each meeting of Members shall be conducted by the Managing Member or such other Person as the Managing Member may appoint pursuant to such rules for the conduct of the meeting as the Managing Member or such other Person deems appropriate.
(f) Waivers. Any time period for notice with respect to meetings or consents of the Members may be waived by a Member as to such Member.
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ARTICLE XII
EXCHANGE RIGHTS
Section 12.1 Elective and Mandatory Exchanges.
(a) Elective Exchanges. Subject to the Policy Regarding Exchanges set forth in Annex B, as amended from time to time by the Company (the Policy Regarding Exchanges), an Exchangeable Unit Member shall have the right, from time to time, to surrender Exchangeable Units, along with an equivalent number of shares of Class B Common Stock (in each case, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, rights of first refusal and similar restrictions, except for those arising under this Agreement) to the Company or the Managing Member and to thereby cause the Company or the Managing Member to deliver to that Exchangeable Unit Member (or its designee) the Exchange Consideration as set forth in Section 12.3 (an Elective Exchange).
(b) Mandatory Exchange Events. Units are subject to Mandatory Exchange in each of the following circumstances:
(i) pursuant to Section 8.3, if an Applicable Sale is determined to be a Mandatory Exchange event in the sole discretion of the Managing Member;
(ii) pursuant to Section 8.5; or
(iii) in the discretion of the Managing Member, with the consent of Members whose Class B Units represent fifty percent (50%) of the Class B Units of all Members in the aggregate, all Members will be required to exchange all Exchangeable Units then held by the Members.
(c) Mandatory Exchange Mechanics. Upon the occurrence of either of the circumstances set out in Section 12.1(b) the Managing Member may exercise its right to cause a mandatory exchange of a Members Exchangeable Units and an equivalent number of shares of Class B Common Stock (a Mandatory Exchange) by delivering to each Member a written notice pursuant to the notice provisions in Section 13.6 (a Mandatory Exchange Notice) specifying the basis for the Mandatory Exchange, the Exchangeable Units of the Company to which the Mandatory Exchange applies, and the effective date of such Mandatory Exchange (the Mandatory Exchange Date), which shall be no earlier than ten (10) Business Days after delivery of the Mandatory Exchange Notice. The Member receiving the Mandatory Exchange Notice shall use its best efforts to deliver to the Certificates, as applicable, representing the applicable Exchangeable Units and shares of Class B Common Stock (free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, rights of first refusal and similar restrictions, except for those arising under this Agreement) no later than one (1) Business Day before the Mandatory Exchange Date. Upon the Mandatory Exchange Date, the Company will effect the Mandatory Exchange in accordance with the Policies.
Section 12.2 Additional Terms Applying to Exchanges.
(a) Concurrent Exchange of Class B Common Stock. No Exchange of Class B Common Units may be made without a concurrent Exchange of an equivalent number of shares of Class B Common Stock. Any shares of Class B Common Stock surrendered in an Exchange shall automatically be deemed retired without any action on the part of any Person, including the Managing Member. Any such retired shares of Class B Common Stock shall no longer be outstanding, all rights with respect to such shares shall automatically cease and terminate, and such shares shall return to the status of authorized but unissued shares of the Managing Member.
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(b) Authority of Board of Directors to Limit or Deny Exchange. The Board of Directors (or a committee thereof to which the Board of Directors has delegated such authority) may, in its sole discretion, deny or limit, in whole or in part, any Exchange that fails to comply with any requirements therefor or limitations with respect thereto that the Company, the Managing Member, or the Board of Directors may have established, or that, if effected, would adversely affect the Managing Member or the Company as determined by the Board of Directors (or a committee thereof to which the Board of Directors has delegated such authority) in its sole discretion. In particular, an Exchangeable Unit Member shall not be entitled to an Exchange, and the Company and the Managing Member shall have the right to refuse to honor any request for an Exchange, at any time or during any period if the Company or the Managing Member determines, after consultation with counsel, that such Exchange (x) would be prohibited by law or regulation (including, without limitation, the unavailability of a registration of such Exchange under the Securities Act or an exemption from the registration requirements thereof) or (y) would not be permitted under any agreement with the Company, the Managing Member or any of their subsidiaries to which the applicable Exchangeable Unit Member is party or (solely in the case of an Exchange requested by an officer, director or other personnel of the Company, the Managing Member or any of their subsidiaries) any written policies of the Managing Member related to restrictions on trading applicable to its officers, directors or other personnel.
(c) Rights of Exchangeable Unit Member. On an Exchange Date, all rights of the Exchangeable Unit Member as a holder of the Exchangeable Units and shares of Class B Common Stock that are subject to the Exchange shall cease, and, unless the Managing Member has elected Cash Settlement as to all Exchangeable Units tendered, such Exchangeable Unit Member (or its designee) shall be treated for all purposes as having become the record holder of the shares of Class A Common Stock to be received by the Exchangeable Unit Member in respect of such Exchange.
(d) Right of Managing Member to Acquire Exchangeable Units. The Managing Member shall have the right but not the obligation (in lieu of the Company) to have the Managing Member acquire Exchangeable Units and an equivalent number of shares of Class B Common Stock directly from an Exchangeable Unit Member for the elected Exchange Consideration.
(e) Expenses. Except as otherwise agreed by the Company, the Managing Member and an Exchangeable Unit Member, the Company, the Managing Member, and each Exchangeable Unit Member shall bear their own expenses in connection with the consummation of any Exchange, whether or not any such Exchange is ultimately consummated, except that the Managing Member (or the Company, at the Managing Members direction) shall bear any transfer taxes, stamp taxes or duties, or other similar taxes in connection with, or arising by reason of, any Exchange; provided, however, that if any shares of Class A Common Stock are to be delivered pursuant to an Elective Exchange in a name other than that of the Member that requested the Exchange (or The Depository Trust Company or its nominee for the account of a participant of The Depository Trust Company that will hold the shares for the account of such Member) or the
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Cash Settlement is to be paid to a Person other than the Exchangeable Unit Member that requested the Exchange, then such Member or the Person in whose name such shares are to be delivered or to whom the Cash Settlement is to be paid shall pay to the Managing Member (or the Company, at the Managing Members direction) the amount of any transfer taxes, stamp taxes or duties, or other similar taxes in connection with, or arising by reason of, such Exchange or shall establish to the reasonable satisfaction of the Managing Member that such tax has been paid or is not payable.
Section 12.3 Exchange Consideration.
(a) Generally. The Managing Member has the right, in its sole discretion, to elect the form of Exchange Consideration with respect to any Exchange. On an Exchange Date, provided the Exchangeable Unit Member has satisfied its obligations under the Policy Regarding Exchanges, the Managing Member shall deliver or cause to be delivered the Exchange Consideration to such Exchangeable Unit Member (or its designee), at the address set forth on the applicable Exchange Notice. If the Managing Member elects a Cash Settlement, the Managing Member shall only be obligated to contribute to the Company (or, if the Managing Member elects to settle directly pursuant to Section 12.2(d), settle directly for an amount equal to), an amount in respect of such Cash Settlement equal to the net proceeds (after deduction of any underwriters discounts and commissions) from the sale by the Managing Member of a number of shares of Class A Common Stock equal to the number of Exchangeable Units being Exchanged for such Cash Settlement. Except as otherwise required by Law, the Managing Member shall, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, be treated as paying an appropriate portion of the selling expenses described in the previous sentence as agent for and on behalf of the Exchangeable Unit Member. Unless otherwise determined by the Managing Member, if an Exchange would result in the Exchangeable Unit Members receipt of a fractional share of Class A Common Stock, then the number of shares of Class A Common Stock to be received by the Exchangeable Unit Member shall be rounded down to the nearest whole number of shares and the amount of the reduction shall be paid in cash.
(b) Notice of Intended Exchange Consideration. At least two (2) Business Days before the Exchange Date, the Managing Member shall give written notice (the Contribution Notice) to the Company (with a copy to the Exchangeable Unit Member) of its intended Exchange Consideration; provided, that if the Managing Member does not timely deliver a Contribution Notice, the Managing Member shall be deemed to have elected to settle the Exchange with shares of Class A Common Stock.
(c) Settlement Through Depository Trust Company. To the extent the Class A Common Stock is settled through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company, the Managing Member or the Company will, upon the written instruction of an Exchangeable Unit Member, deliver the shares of Class A Common Stock deliverable to such Exchangeable Unit Member through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company to the account of the participant of The Depository Trust Company designated by such Exchangeable Unit Member in the Exchange Notice.
(d) Obligations of Managing Member and Company. Upon any Exchange, the Managing Member or the Company, as applicable, shall take such actions as (A) may be required to ensure that such Member receives the shares of Class A Common Stock and/or the Cash Settlement that such Exchangeable Unit Member is entitled to receive in connection with such Exchange pursuant to Section 12.3(a), and (B) may be reasonably within its control that would cause such Exchange to be treated for purposes of the Tax Receivable Agreement as an Exchange (as such term is defined in the Tax Receivable Agreement).
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Section 12.4 Adjustment. To the extent not reflected in an adjustment to the Exchange Rate, if there is any reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or other similar transaction in which the Class A Common Stock is converted or changed or exchanged into or for another security, securities or other property, then, upon any subsequent Exchange, an Exchangeable Unit Member shall be entitled to receive the amount of such security, securities or other property that such Exchangeable Unit Member would have received if such Exchange had occurred immediately prior to the effective date of such reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or other similar transaction, taking into account any adjustment as a result of any subdivision (by any split, distribution or dividend, reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or otherwise) or combination (by reverse split, reclassification, recapitalization or otherwise) of such security, securities or other property that occurs after the effective time of such reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or other similar transaction. For the avoidance of doubt, if there is any reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or other similar transaction in which the Class A Common Stock is converted or changed or exchanged into or for another security, securities or other property, this Section 12.4 shall continue to be applicable, mutatis mutandis, with respect to such security or other property.
Section 12.5 Class A Common Stock to be Issued.
(a) Class A Common Stock Reserve. The Managing Member shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued Class A Common Stock, solely for the purpose of issuance upon an Exchange, such number of shares of Class A Common Stock as shall be deliverable under this Agreement upon all such Exchanges; provided, however, that the Managing Member may satisfy its obligations in respect of any such Exchange by delivery of unencumbered purchased shares of Class A Common Stock (which may or may not be held in the treasury of the Managing Member or any subsidiary thereof). The preceding sentence shall not affect the Managing Members right to elect a Cash Settlement.
(b) Rule 16(b) Exemption. The Managing Member has taken and will take all such steps as may be required to cause to qualify for exemption under Rule 16b-3(d) or (e), as applicable, under the Exchange Act, and be exempt for purposes of Section 16(b) under the Exchange Act, any acquisitions or dispositions of equity securities of the Managing Member (including derivative securities with respect thereto) and any securities that may be deemed to be equity securities or derivative securities of the Managing Member for such purposes that result from the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, by each director or officer of the Managing Member (including directors-by-deputization) who may reasonably be expected to be subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act with respect to the Managing Member upon the registration of any class of equity security of the Managing Member pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act.
(c) Validity of Class A Common Stock. The Managing Member covenants that all shares of Class A Common Stock issued upon an Exchange will, upon issuance, be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and not subject to any preemptive right of stockholders of the Managing Member or to any right of first refusal or other right in favor of any Person.
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Section 12.6 Withholding.
(a) Withholding of Cash or Class A Common Stock Permitted. If the Company or the Managing Member shall be required to withhold any amounts by reason of any federal, state, local or foreign tax laws or regulations in respect of any Exchange, the Company or the Managing Member, as the case may be, shall be entitled to take such action as it deems appropriate in order to ensure compliance with such withholding requirements, including, at its option, withholding cash from the Cash Settlement or shares of Class A Common Stock with a Fair Market Value equal to the amount of any taxes that the Company or the Managing Member, as the case may be, may be required to withhold with respect to such Exchange. To the extent that amounts are (or property is) so withheld and paid over to the appropriate taxing authority, such withheld amounts (or property) shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid (or delivered) to the applicable Member.
(b) Notice of Withholding. If the Company or the Managing Member determines that any amounts by reason of any federal, state, local or foreign tax laws or regulations are required to be withheld in respect of any Exchange, the Company or the Managing Member, as the case may be, shall use commercially reasonable efforts to promptly notify the Exchangeable Unit Member and shall consider in good faith any positions that such Member raises (reasonably in advance of the date on which the Company or the Managing Member believes withholding is required) as to why withholding is not required, provided, that such Member shall bear any additional costs as a result of such obligation, and this Section 12.6(b) shall not in any manner limit the authority of the Company or the Managing Member to withhold taxes with respect to an Exchangeable Unit Member pursuant to Section 12.6(a).
(c) Reimbursement of Taxes by Exchangeable Unit Member. If, within the two-year period beginning at the start of the date of an Exchange, (i) the Managing Member withholds or otherwise pays any amount on account of taxes in respect of exchanged Units, which amount is attributable to the two-year period ending at the end of the date of such Exchange, and (ii) the Managing Member or any person other than the Exchangeable Unit Member otherwise would bear the economic burden of such withholding or other payment (including by reason of such amount being treated as having been distributed to the Managing Member in respect of the exchanged Units pursuant to Section 3.4), the Exchangeable Unit Member shall, upon notice by the Company and/or the Managing Member, promptly reimburse the Company and/or the Managing Member for such amount; provided, however, that the Exchangeable Unit Members reimbursement obligation under this Section 12.6(c) shall not exceed the amount of cash and Fair Market Value (determined as of the date of receipt) of other consideration received by the Exchangeable Unit Member in connection with such Exchange. Unless otherwise required by Law, any amount paid by an Exchangeable Unit Member pursuant to this Section 12.6(c) shall be treated as an adjustment to the proceeds received by the Exchangeable Unit Member in respect of the applicable Exchange. The Company and the Managing Member shall have the right to reduce any amounts due to such Exchangeable Unit Member from the Managing Member or any of its Affiliates by the amount owed by such Exchangeable Unit Member under this Section 12.6(c).
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Section 12.7 Tax Treatment. Each Exchange with the Managing Member or the Company shall be treated as a direct, taxable exchange between the Managing Member and the Exchangeable Unit Member as a taxable transaction for U.S. federal and applicable state and local income tax purposes except as otherwise agreed to in writing by the Exchangeable Unit Member and the Managing Member or required by Law.
Section 12.8 Contribution of the Managing Member. In connection with any Exchange between a Member and the Company, the Managing Member shall contribute to the Company the shares of Class A Common Stock and/or Cash Settlement that the Member is entitled to receive in such Exchange. Unless the Member has timely delivered a Retraction Notice as provided in Section 12.1(b)(iii), on the Exchange Date (i) the Managing Member shall make a capital contribution to the Company (in the form of the Exchange Consideration that the Member is entitled to receive in such Exchange) required under this Section 12.8 and (ii) the Company shall issue to the Managing Member a number of Class A Common Units equal to the number of Exchangeable Units surrendered by the Member.
Section 12.9 Apportionment of Distributions. Distributions with a Record Date (as described in Section 3.6) on or before the Exchange Date shall be made to the Exchangeable Unit Member.
ARTICLE XIII
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 13.1 Conclusive Nature of Determinations. All determinations, interpretations, calculations, adjustments and other actions of the Managing Member, the Company, the Board of Directors (or a committee to which the Board of Directors has delegated such authority) or a designee of any of the foregoing that are within such Persons authority under this Agreement shall be binding and conclusive on a Member absent manifest error. In connection with any such determination, interpretation, calculation, adjustment or other action, the Managing Member, the Company, the Board of Directors (or a committee to which the Board of Directors has delegated such authority) or the designee of any of the foregoing shall be entitled to resolve any ambiguity with respect to the manner in which such determination, interpretation, calculation, adjustment or other action is to be made or taken, and shall be entitled to interpret the provisions of this Agreement in such a manner as such Person determines to be fair and equitable, and such resolution or interpretation shall be binding and conclusive on a Member absent manifest error.
Section 13.2 Company Counsel. THE COMPANY, THE MANAGING MEMBER AND AFFILIATED ENTITIES MAY BE REPRESENTED BY THE SAME COUNSEL. THE ATTORNEYS, ACCOUNTANTS AND OTHER EXPERTS WHO PERFORM SERVICES FOR THE COMPANY MAY ALSO PERFORM SERVICES FOR THE MANAGING MEMBER AND AFFILIATES THEREOF. THE MANAGING MEMBER MAY, WITHOUT THE CONSENT OF THE MEMBERS, EXECUTE ON BEHALF OF THE COMPANY ANY CONSENT TO THE REPRESENTATION OF THE COMPANY THAT COUNSEL MAY REQUEST PURSUANT TO THE NEW YORK RULES OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT OR SIMILAR RULES IN ANY OTHER JURISDICTION. THE COMPANY HAS INITIALLY SELECTED GIBSON, DUNN & CRUTCHER LLP (COMPANY COUNSEL) AS LEGAL COUNSEL TO THE COMPANY. EACH MEMBER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT COMPANY
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COUNSEL DOES NOT REPRESENT ANY MEMBER IN ITS CAPACITY AS SUCH IN THE ABSENCE OF A CLEAR AND EXPLICIT WRITTEN AGREEMENT TO SUCH EFFECT BETWEEN SUCH MEMBER AND COMPANY COUNSEL (AND THEN ONLY TO THE EXTENT SPECIALLY SET FORTH IN SUCH AGREEMENT), AND THAT IN ABSENCE OF ANY SUCH AGREEMENT COMPANY COUNSEL SHALL OWE NO DUTIES TO ANY MEMBER. EACH MEMBER FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT, WHETHER OR NOT COMPANY COUNSEL HAS IN THE PAST REPRESENTED OR IS CURRENTLY REPRESENTING SUCH MEMBER WITH RESPECT TO OTHER MATTERS, UNLESS OTHERWISE EXPRESSLY AGREED BY COMPANY COUNSEL, COMPANY COUNSEL HAS NOT REPRESENTED THE INTERESTS OF ANY MEMBER IN THE PREPARATION AND/OR NEGOTIATION OF THIS AGREEMENT.
Section 13.3 Appointment of Managing Member as Attorney-in-Fact.
(a) Execution of Documents. Each Member, including each Additional Member and Substituted Member that is a Member, irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints the Managing Member, any Liquidator, and authorized officers and attorneys-in-fact of each, and each of those acting singly, in each case with full power of substitution, as its true and Lawful attorney-in-fact with full power and authority in its name, place and stead to execute, acknowledge, deliver, swear to, file and record at the appropriate public offices such documents as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the provisions of this Agreement, including:
(i) All certificates and other instruments (including counterparts of this Agreement), and all amendments thereto, that the Managing Member deems appropriate to form, qualify, continue or otherwise operate the Company as a limited liability company (or other entity in which the Members will have limited liability comparable to that provided in the Act) in the jurisdictions in which the Company may conduct business or in which such formation, qualification or continuation is, in the opinion of the Managing Member, necessary or desirable to protect the limited liability of the Members.
(ii) All amendments to this Agreement adopted in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, and all instruments that the Managing Member deems appropriate in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
(iii) All conveyances of Company Assets and other instruments that the Managing Member reasonably deems necessary in order to complete a dissolution and termination of the Company pursuant to this Agreement.
(b) Power and Interest. The appointment by all Members of the Managing Member as attorney-in-fact shall be deemed to be a power coupled with an interest in recognition of the fact that each of the Members under this Agreement will be relying upon the power of the Managing Member to act as contemplated by this Agreement in any filing and other action by it on behalf of the Company, shall survive the Incapacity of any Person hereby giving such power and the Transfer of all or any portion of such Persons Membership Interest, and shall not be affected by the subsequent Incapacity of the principal.
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Section 13.4 Entire Agreement. This Agreement, together with the Tax Receivable Agreement and that certain Registration Rights Agreement dated , 2023 by and among the Managing Member and the stockholders of the Managing Member party thereto, as amended, supplemented or restated, in each case in accordance with its terms and the other documents contemplated hereby and thereby, constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and fully supersedes any and all prior or contemporaneous agreements or understandings between the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof, including the Existing Agreement.
Section 13.5 Further Assurances. Each of the parties hereto does hereby covenant and agree on behalf of itself, its successors, and its assigns, without further consideration, to prepare, execute, acknowledge, file, record, publish, and deliver such other instruments, documents and statements, and to take such other action as may be required by Law or reasonably necessary to effectively carry out the intent and purposes of this Agreement.
Section 13.6 Notices. Any notice, consent, payment, demand, or communication required or permitted to be given by any provision of this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be (a) delivered personally to the Person or to an officer of the Person to whom the same is directed, (b) sent by facsimile, overnight mail or registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, or (c) (except with respect to notice to the Company or the Managing Member) sent by email, with electronic, written or oral confirmation of receipt, in each case addressed as follows:
(i) if to the Company or the Managing Member:
c/o GEN Restaurant Group
11472 South Street
Cerritos, CA 90703
Phone:
Attention: Thomas V. Croal
With a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP
3161 Michelson Drive
Irvine, CA 92612
Phone:
Attention: Michael Flynn
Peter Wardle
or to such other address as the Company may from time to time specify by notice to the Members;
(ii) if to any Member, to:
the address, email, or facsimile number of such Member set forth in the records of the Company.
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Any such notice shall be deemed to be delivered, given and received for all purposes as of: (A) the date so delivered, if delivered personally, (B) upon receipt, if sent by facsimile or email, or (C) on the date of receipt or refusal indicated on the return receipt, if sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage and charges prepaid and properly addressed.
Section 13.7 Governing Law. This Agreement, including its existence, validity, construction, and operating effect, and the rights of each of the parties hereto, shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the Laws of the State of Delaware without regard to otherwise governing principles of conflicts of Law.
Section 13.8 Jurisdiction and Venue. The parties hereto agree that any suit, Action or proceeding seeking to enforce any provision of, or based on any matter arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby (whether brought by any party or any of its Affiliates or against any party or any of its Affiliates) shall be brought in the Delaware Chancery Court or, if such court shall not have jurisdiction, any federal court located in the State of Delaware or other Delaware state court (the Selected Courts), and each of the parties hereby irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of the Selected Courts (and of the appropriate appellate courts therefrom) in any such suit, Action or proceeding and irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by Law, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such suit, Action or proceeding in any such court or that any such suit, Action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. Process in any such suit, Action or proceeding may be served on any party anywhere in the world, whether within or without the jurisdiction of any Selected Court. Without limiting the foregoing, each party agrees that service of process on such party in the manner provided for notice in Section 13.6 shall be deemed effective service of process on such party.
Section 13.9 Equitable Remedies. The parties hereto agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed in accordance with its specific terms or was otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that the parties hereto shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions and other equitable remedies to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof in any of the Selected Courts, this being in addition to any other remedy to which they are entitled at Law or in equity. Any requirements for the securing or posting of any bond with respect to such remedy are hereby waived by each of the parties hereto. Each party further agrees that, in the event of any Action for an injunction or other equitable remedy in respect of such breach or enforcement of specific performance, it will not assert the defense that a remedy at Law would be adequate.
Section 13.10 Construction. This Agreement shall be construed as if all parties hereto prepared this Agreement.
Section 13.11 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, and each such counterpart shall for all purposes be deemed an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same agreement.
Section 13.12 Section 13.12 Third-Party Beneficiaries. Except as provided in Section 4.7, nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended or shall be construed to give any Person other than the parties hereto (or their respective legal representatives, successors, heirs and distributees) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of any agreement or provision contained herein, it being the intention of the parties hereto that this Agreement is for the sole and exclusive benefit of such parties (or such legal representatives, successors, heirs and distributees) and for the benefit of no other Person.
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Section 13.13 Binding Effect. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, all of the terms and provisions of this Agreement shall be binding on, shall inure to the benefit of and shall be enforceable by the Members, their heirs, executors, administrators, successors and all other Persons hereafter holding, having or receiving an interest in the Company, whether as Substituted Members or otherwise.
Section 13.14 Severability. If any provision of this Agreement as applied to any party or to any circumstance shall be adjudged by a court to be void, unenforceable or inoperative as a matter of Law, then the same shall in no way affect any other provision in this Agreement, the application of such provision in any other circumstance or with respect to any other party, or the validity or enforceability of the Agreement as a whole.
Section 13.15 Survival. The provisions of Section 4.6 Section 4.7, Section 7.9, Section 13.1, Section 13.3, Section 13.4, Section 13.5, Section 13.6, Section 13.7 and Section 13.8 (and this Section 13.15) (and any other provisions of this Agreement necessary for the effectiveness of the enumerated sections) shall survive the termination of the Company and/or the termination of this Agreement.
ARTICLE XIV
DEFINED TERMS
Section 14.1 Definitions. Unless otherwise indicated to the contrary, the following definitions shall be applied to the terms used in this Agreement:
Act is defined in the recitals of this Agreement.
Additional Funds is defined in Section 2.5(a).
Additional Member means a Person who is admitted to the Company as a Member pursuant to the Act and Section 9.1, who is shown as such on the books and records of the Company, and who has not ceased to be a Member pursuant to the Act and this Agreement.
Adjusted Capital Account means, with respect to any Member, the amount of such Members Capital Account as of the end of the relevant Fiscal Year, after giving effect to the following adjustments:
(i) credit to such Capital Account any amounts that such Member is obligated to restore (whether pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise by operation of Law) upon liquidation of such Members Membership Interest or that such Member is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentence of each of Treas. Reg. § 1.704-2(g)(1) or 1.704-2(i)(5); and
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(ii) debit to such Capital Account the items described in Treas. Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) and (6).
The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account is intended to comply with the provisions of Treas. Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Affiliate means, with respect to a specified Person, any other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such specified Person; provided, however, that (i) none of the Members or their parent companies or Affiliates shall be deemed to be an Affiliate of any other Member or its parent company or Affiliates and (ii) none of the Members or their parent companies or Affiliates shall be deemed to be an Affiliate of the Company or any of its Affiliates.
Agreement means this Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of GEN Restaurant Companies, LLC, together with the Schedules and Exhibits hereto, as now or hereafter amended, restated, modified, supplemented, or replaced.
Applicable Sale is defined in Section 8.3(a).
Applicable Sale Notice is defined in Section 8.3(b).
Asset Value means, with respect to any Asset, the adjusted basis of such Asset for federal income tax purposes; provided, however, that:
(i) the initial Asset Value of any Asset (other than cash) contributed or deemed contributed by a Member to the Company shall be the gross Fair Market Value of such Asset as determined by the Company;
(ii) the Asset Values of all Assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective gross Fair Market Values as determined by the Company as of the following times: (A) the acquisition of an additional interest in the Company by any new or existing Member, in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (B) the distribution by the Company to a Member of more than a de minimis amount of property as consideration for an interest in the Company; (C) the liquidation of the Company within the meaning of Treas. Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(g); (D) the grant of an interest in the Company (other than a de minimis interest) as consideration for the provision of services to the benefit of the Company by an existing Member acting in a Member capacity or by a new Member acting in a Member capacity or in anticipation of becoming a Member; or (E) any other instance in which such adjustment is permitted under Treas. Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv); provided, however, that any adjustment pursuant to clauses (A), (B), (D), or (E) above shall be made only if the Company determines that such adjustment is necessary or appropriate to reflect the relative economic interests of the Members in the Company;
(iii) the Asset Value of any Asset distributed to any Member shall be the gross Fair Market Value of such Asset on the date of distribution, as determined by the Company; and
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(iv) the Asset Values of all Assets shall be increased (or decreased) to reflect any adjustments to the adjusted basis of such Assets pursuant to Code section 734(b) or Code section 743(b), but only to the extent that such adjustments are taken into account in determining Capital Accounts pursuant to Treas. Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m); provided, however, that Asset Values shall not be adjusted pursuant to this paragraph (iv) to the extent that the Company determines that an adjustment pursuant to paragraph (ii) of this definition of Asset Value is necessary or appropriate in connection with a transaction that would otherwise result in an adjustment pursuant to this paragraph (iv).
If the Asset Value of an Asset has been determined or adjusted to paragraph (i), (ii), or (iv) of this definition of Asset Value, then such Asset Value shall thereafter be adjusted by the Depreciation taken into account with respect to such Asset for purposes of computing Net Profits and Net Losses.
Assets means any assets and property of the Company.
Assumed Tax Liability is defined in Section 3.2(b).
Assumed Tax Rate is defined in Section 3.2(b)(ii).
Available Cash means, after taking into account amounts determined by the Managing Member to be reasonably necessary or advisable to be retained by the Company to meet actual or anticipated, direct or indirect, expenses, capital investments, working capital needs or liabilities (actual, contingent or otherwise) of the Company, including the payment of any Imputed Underpayment or for the operation of the business of the Company, or to create reasonable reserves for any of the foregoing, cash (in United States dollars) of the Company that the Board of Directors determines is available for distribution to the Members.
Bankruptcy means, with respect to any Person, the occurrence of any event specified in Section 18-304 of the Act with respect to such Person, and the term Bankrupt has a correlative meaning.
Board of Directors means the Board of Directors of the Managing Member.
Business Day means any weekday, excluding any legal holiday observed pursuant to United States federal or California State Law or regulation.
Capital Account is defined in Section 7.13.
Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Member, the aggregate amount of money and the initial Asset Value of property (other than money) in such form as may be permitted by the Act that the Member contributes (or is treated as contributing) to the Company.
Capital Stock means a share of any class or series of stock of the Managing Member now or hereafter authorized.
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Cash Settlement means immediately available funds in U.S. dollars in an amount equal to the product of (x) the number of shares of Class A Common Stock that would otherwise be delivered to a Member in an Exchange, multiplied by (y) the price per share, net of underwriting discounts and commissions, at which Class A Common Stock is issued by the Managing Member in an underwritten offering or block trade commenced in anticipation of the applicable Exchange (a Liquidity Offering); or (z) if no such Liquidity Offering occurs within sixty (60) days after the receipt of the Exchange Notice, the arithmetic average of the volume weighted average prices for a share of Class A Common Stock on the principal U.S. securities exchange or automated or electronic quotation system on which the Class A Common Stock trades, as reported by The Wall Street Journal or its successor, for each of the three (3) consecutive full Business Days ending on and including the last full Business Day immediately prior to the Exchange Date, in each case subject to appropriate and equitable adjustment for any stock splits, reverse splits, stock dividends or similar events affecting the Class A Common Stock. If the Class A Common Stock no longer trades on a securities exchange or automated or electronic quotation system, then the amount specified in clause (y) shall be determined in good faith by a committee of the Board of Directors composed of a majority of the directors of the Managing Member that do not have an interest in the Exchangeable Units and shares of Class B Common Stock being Exchanged.
Certificate of Formation is defined in the recitals of this Agreement.
Certificates means (A) any certificates representing Exchangeable Units, (B) if applicable, any stock certificates representing the shares of Class B Common Stock required to be surrendered in connection with an Exchange of Class B Common Units, and (C) such other information, documents or instruments as either the Managing Member or the Company (or the Managing Members transfer agent) may reasonably require in connection with an Exchange. If any certificate or other document referenced in the immediately preceding sentence is alleged to be lost, stolen or destroyed, the Exchangeable Unit Member shall cooperate with and respond to the reasonable requests of the Managing Member and the Company (or the Managing Members transfer agent), and if required by the Managing Member or the Company furnish an affidavit of loss and/or an indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Managing Member or the Company on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of such certificate or other document.
Class A Common Stock means the Class A common stock of the Managing Member, $0.001 par value per share.
Class A Common Unit has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(b)(i).
Class B Common Stock means the Class B Common Stock of the Managing Member, $0.001 par value per share.
Class B Common Unit has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(b)(ii).
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. All references in this Agreement to sections of the Code shall include any corresponding provision or provisions of succeeding Law.
Common Stock means the Class A Common Stock or the Class B Common Stock (and shall not include any additional series or class of the Managing Members common stock created after the date of this Agreement).
Common Unit means a Class A Common Unit or Class B Common Unit.
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Company is defined in the preamble to this Agreement.
Company Counsel is defined in Section 13.2.
Company Minimum Gain has the meaning set forth as partnership minimum gain in Treas. Reg. § 1.704-2(b)(2) and is computed in accordance with Treas. Reg. § 1.704-2(d).
Consent means the consent to, approval of, or vote in favor of a proposed action by a Member given in accordance with Article XI.
Contribution Notice is defined in Section 12.3(b).
control including the terms controlled by and under common control with, means with respect to any Person, the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, as trustee or executor, as general partner or managing member, by contract or otherwise, including the ownership, directly or indirectly, of securities having the power to elect a majority of the Board of Directors or similar body governing the affairs of such Person.
Controlled Entity means, as to any Person, (i) any corporation of which all the outstanding voting stock of which is owned by such Person or such Persons Family Members or Controlled Entities, (ii) any trust, whether or not revocable, of which such Person or such Persons Family Members or Controlled Entities are the sole beneficiaries, (iii) any partnership of which such Person or a Controlled Entity of such Person is the managing partner and in which such Person or such Persons Family Members or Controlled Entities hold partnership interests representing all of such partnerships capital and profits and (iv) any limited liability company of which such Person or a Controlled Entity of such Person is the manager or managing member and in which such Person or such Persons Family Members or Controlled Entities hold Membership Interests representing all of such limited liability companys capital and profits.
de minimis shall mean an amount small enough as to make not accounting for it commercially reasonable or accounting for it administratively impractical, in each case as determined by the Managing Member.
Debt means, as to any Person, as of any date of determination, (i) all indebtedness of such Person for borrowed money or for the deferred purchase price of property or services; (ii) all amounts owed by such Person to banks or other Persons in respect of reimbursement obligations under letters of credit, surety bonds and other similar instruments guaranteeing payment or other performance of obligations by such Person; and (iii) obligations of such Person as lessee under capital leases.
Depreciation means, for each Fiscal Year or other period, an amount equal to the depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deduction allowable for federal income tax purposes with respect to an asset for such Fiscal Year or other period; provided, however, that if the Asset Value of an asset differs from its adjusted basis for federal income tax purposes at the beginning of such Fiscal Year or other period, Depreciation shall be determined in accordance with Treas. Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(g)(3) or Treas. Reg. § 1.704-3(d)(2), as appropriate.
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Designated Individual is defined in Section 7.4(a)(ii).
Drag-Along Right is defined in Section 8.3(a).
Elective Exchange is defined in Section 12.1(a).
Elective Exchange Notice is defined Section 12.1(b).
Employee means an employee or other service provider (including a director, adviser or consultant) of the Company or an employee or other service provider (including a director, adviser or consultant) of a Subsidiary of the Company, if any.
Equivalent Units means Units with preferences, conversion and other rights (other than voting rights), restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications, terms and conditions of redemption (the Terms) that are (a) relative to the Common Units and the other classes and series of Units that correspond to classes and series of Capital Stock, and (b) substantially the same as (or corresponding to) the Terms that any new Capital Stock or New Securities have relative to the Common Stock and other classes and series of Capital Stock or New Securities. The foregoing shall not apply to matters such as voting for members of the Board of Directors that are not applicable to the Company. In comparing the economic rights of any Preferred Stock with the economic rights of any Units, the effect of taxes may be taken into account.
ERISA means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Exchange means any Elective Exchange or Mandatory Exchange.
Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and any successor statute thereto, and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder.
Exchange Consideration shall mean, in the case of any Exchange, (x) the number of shares of Class A Common Stock that is equal to the product of the number of Exchangeable Units surrendered in the Exchange multiplied by the Exchange Rate (the Stock Consideration), (y) the Cash Settlement, plus, in the case of an Exchange of Class B Common Units under either sub-clause (x) or (y), an amount that is equal to $0.001 multiplied by the number of shares of Class B Common Stock included in the Exchange, or (z) a combination of the Stock Consideration and the Cash Settlement.
Exchange Date means an Elective Exchange Date or Mandatory Exchange Date.
Exchange Rate means, in respect of any Exchange, a ratio, expressed as a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding immediately before the Exchange and the denominator of which shall be the number of Class A Common Units owned by the Managing Member immediately before the Exchange. On the date of this Agreement, the Exchange Rate shall be 1, subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 12.4.
Exchangeable Unit means each Class B Common Unit.
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Exchangeable Unit Member means each Member, other than the Managing Member and any of its wholly owned Subsidiaries, that holds a Class B Common Unit.
Existing Agreement is defined in the recitals of this Agreement.
Fair Market Value of Units or other property, means the cash price that a third party would pay to acquire all of such Units (computed on a fully diluted basis after giving effect to the exercise of any and all outstanding conversion rights, exchange rights, warrants and options) or other property, as the case may be, in an arms-length transaction. Unless otherwise determined by the Company, the following assumptions will be made when determining the Fair Market Value of Units:
(a) that the Company was being sold in a manner reasonably designed to solicit all possible participants and permit all interested Persons an opportunity to participate and to achieve the best value reasonably available to the Members at the time; and
(b) that all existing circumstances are taken into account, including the terms and conditions of all agreements (including this Agreement) to which the Company is then a party or by which it is otherwise benefited or affected, determined.
Family Members means, as to a Person that is an individual, such Persons spouse, ancestors (whether by blood or by adoption), descendants (whether by blood or by adoption), brothers and sisters (whether by blood or by adoption) and inter vivos or testamentary trusts of which only such Person and his spouse, ancestors (whether by blood or by adoption), descendants (whether by blood or by adoption), brothers and sisters (whether by blood or adoption) are beneficiaries.
Fiscal Year has the meaning set forth in Section 7.12.
Formation Date is defined in the recitals of this Agreement.
Imputed Underpayment is defined in Section 7.5(b).
Imputed Underpayment Share is defined in Section 7.5(c)(i).
Incapacity or Incapacitated means, (i) as to any Member who is an individual, death, total physical disability or entry by a court of competent jurisdiction adjudicating such Member incompetent to manage his or her Person or his or her estate; (ii) as to any Member that is a corporation or limited liability company, the filing of a certificate of dissolution, or its equivalent, for the corporation or the revocation of its charter; (iii) as to any Member that is a partnership, the dissolution and commencement of winding up of the partnership; (iv) as to any Member that is an estate, the distribution by the fiduciary of the estates entire interest in the Company; (v) as to any trustee of a trust that is a Member, the termination of the trust (but not the substitution of a new trustee); or (vi) as to any Member, the Bankruptcy of such Member.
Incentive Compensation Plan means any plan, agreement or other arrangement that provides for the grant or issuance of equity or equity-based awards and that is now in effect or is hereafter adopted by the Company or the Managing Member for the benefit of any of their respective employees or other service providers (including directors, advisers and consultants), or the employees or other services providers (including directors, advisers and consultants) of any of their respective Affiliates or Subsidiaries.
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Indemnitee means the Managing Member, each Affiliate of the Managing Member, the Tax Representative, the Designated Individual and each officer or director of the Managing Member, the Company or their respective Affiliates, in all cases in such capacity.
Initial Members is defined in the preamble to this Agreement.
IPO is defined in the recitals of this Agreement.
IPO Reorganization is defined in the recitals of this Agreement.
IRS means the United States Internal Revenue Service, or, if applicable, a state or local taxing agency.
Junior Unit means a fractional share of the Membership Interests of a particular class or series that the Managing Member has authorized pursuant to Section 2.4 that has distribution rights, or rights upon liquidation, winding up, and dissolution, that are inferior or junior to the Common Units.
Law means any applicable statute, Law, ordinance, regulation, rule, code, executive order, injunction, judgment, decree or order of any governmental authority. The term Lawful has a correlative meaning.
Liquidating Event is defined in Section 10.2(b).
Liquidator is defined in Section 10.3(a).
Majority-in-Interest of the Members means Members (excluding the Managing Member) entitled to vote on or consent to any matter holding more than fifty percent (50%) of all outstanding Units held by all Members (excluding the Managing Member) entitled to vote on or consent to such matter.
Managing Member is defined in the preamble to this Agreement.
Mandatory Exchange is defined in Section 12.1(d).
Mandatory Exchange Date is defined in Section 12.1(d).
Mandatory Exchange Notice is defined in Section 12.1(d).
Member means any Person named as a member of the Company on Annex A to this Agreement (as amended from time to time) and any Person admitted as an Additional Member of the Company or a Substitute Member of the Company, in each case, in such Persons capacity as a member of the Company, until such time as such Person has ceased to be a Member.
Member Nonrecourse Debt has the meaning given to the term partner nonrecourse debt in Treas. Reg. § 1.704-2(b)(4).
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Member Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain means, with respect to each Member Nonrecourse Debt, an amount equal to the Company Minimum Gain that would result if such Member Nonrecourse Debt were treated as a Nonrecourse Liability, determined in accordance with Treas. Reg. § 1.704-2(i)(3).
Member Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning given to the term partner nonrecourse deduction in Treas. Reg. §§ 1.704-2(i)(l) and 1.704-2(i)(2).
Membership Interest means, with respect to any Member, such Members entire undivided economic interest in the Company, including rights to allocations and distributions of the Company and any right of such Member to the return of Capital Contributions and any interest thereon.
Minimum Exchangeable Amount means Exchangeable Units estimated to have a fair value of any minimum amount established by the Managing Member pursuant to Section 12.1, provided that all of the Exchangeable Units held by such Exchangeable Unit Member shall never be deemed to be lower than the Minimum Exchangeable Amount.
Net Profits and Net Losses mean, for each Fiscal Year or other period, an amount equal to the Companys taxable income or loss for such Fiscal Year or other period, determined in accordance with Code section 703(a) and, where appropriate, (but including in taxable income or loss, for this purpose, all items of income, gain, loss or deduction required to be stated separately pursuant to Code section 703(a)(1)), with the following adjustments:
(i) any income of the Company exempt from federal income tax and not otherwise taken into account in computing Net Profits or Net Losses pursuant to this definition shall be added to such taxable income or loss;
(ii) any expenditures of the Company described in Code section 705(a)(2)(B) (or treated as expenditures described in Code section 705(a)(2)(B) pursuant to Treas. Reg. § 1.704 1(b)(2)(iv)(i)) and not otherwise taken into account in computing Net Profits or Net Losses pursuant to this definition shall be subtracted from such taxable income or loss;
(iii) in the event the Asset Value of any Asset of the Company is adjusted in accordance with paragraph (ii) or paragraph (iii) of the definition of Asset Value, the amount of such adjustment shall be taken into account as gain or loss from the disposition of such Asset for purposes of computing Net Profits or Net Losses;
(iv) gain or loss resulting from any disposition of any Asset with respect to which gain or loss is recognized for federal income tax purposes shall be computed by reference to the Asset Value of the Asset disposed of, notwithstanding that the adjusted tax basis of such Asset differs from its Asset Value;
(v) in lieu of the Depreciation, amortization and other cost recovery deductions taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss, there shall be taken into account Depreciation for such Fiscal Year;
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(vi) to the extent an adjustment to the adjusted tax basis of any Asset pursuant to Code section 734(b) is required pursuant to Treas. Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m)(4) to be taken into account in determining Capital Accounts as a result of a distribution other than in liquidation of a Members interest in the Company, the amount of such adjustment shall be treated as an item of gain (if the adjustment increases the basis of the Asset) or loss (if the adjustment decreases the basis of the Asset) from the disposition of the Asset and shall be taken into account for purposes of computing Net Profits and Net Losses; and
(vii) notwithstanding any other provision of this definition of Net Profits and Net Losses, any items that are specially allocated pursuant to Section 6.2 and Section 6.3 shall not be taken into account in computing Net Profits or Net Losses, but shall be determined by applying rules analogous to those set forth in paragraphs (i) through (vi) above; and
(viii) where appropriate, references to Net Profits and Net Losses shall refer to specific items of income, gain, loss, deduction, and credit comprising or otherwise comprising Net Profits or Net Losses.
New Securities means any equity security as defined in Rule 3a11-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, excluding grants under the Incentive Compensation Plans, including (i) rights, options, warrants, or convertible or exchangeable securities that entitle the holder thereof to subscribe for or purchase, convert such securities into, or exchange such securities for, Common Stock or Preferred Stock and (ii) any Debt issued by the Managing Member that provides any of the rights described in clause (i).
Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning set forth in Treas. Reg. § 1.704-2(b)(1).
Nonrecourse Liability has the meaning set forth in Treas. Reg. § 1.752-1(a)(2).
Percentage Interest means, with respect to each Member, as to any class or series of relevant Membership Interests, the fraction, expressed as a percentage, the numerator of which is the aggregate number of Units of such class or series held by such Member and the denominator of which is the total number of Units of such class or series held by all Members. If not otherwise specified, Percentage Interest shall be deemed to refer to Common Units.
Permitted Transfer means any Transfer permitted under Article VIII.
Permitted Transferee means any recipient of a Permitted Transfer.
Person means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, joint venture, syndicate, person, trust, association, organization or other entity, including any governmental authority, and including any successor, by merger or otherwise, of any of the foregoing.
Policies means the policies set by the Managing Member from time to time (including policies intended to ensure (a) administrative management matters, (b) orderly liquidity for Exchangeable Unit Members, (c) compliance with Laws restricting the trading in securities while in possession of material nonpublic information), and (d) compliance with tax Laws and Regulations.
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Preferred Stock means shares of preferred stock of the Managing Member now or hereafter authorized or reclassified that has dividend rights, or rights upon liquidation, winding up and dissolution, that are superior or prior to the Common Stock.
Preferred Unit mean Units designated as Preferred Units in the Company having the rights and obligations specified in this Agreement.
Push Out Election means the election under Code section 6226 (or any similar provision of state or local law) to push out an adjustment to the Members or former Members, including filing IRS Form 8988 (Election for Alternative to Payment of the Imputed Underpayment), or any successor or similar form, and taking any other action necessary to give effect to such election.
Qualified Transferee means an accredited investor, as defined in Rule 501 promulgated under the Securities Act.
Record Date means the record date established by the Company for the purpose of determining the Members entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of Members or to consent to any matter, or to receive any distribution or the allotment of any other rights, or in order to make a determination of Members for any other proper purpose, which, in the case of a record date fixed for the determination of Members entitled to receive any distribution, shall (unless otherwise determined by the Company) generally be the same as the record date established by the Managing Member for a distribution to the Members of its Capital Stock of some or all of its portion of such distribution.
Register is defined in Section 5.1(b)(i).
Registration Rights Agreement means the Registration Rights Agreement, effective on or about the date hereof, among the Managing Member and the other persons party thereto, as the same may be amended, modified, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Regulations means the income tax regulations, including temporary regulations and, to the extent taxpayers are permitted to rely on them, proposed regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations). References to Treas. Reg. § are to the sections of the Regulations.
Related-Party Transfer means a Transfer by a Member of all or part of its Membership Interest to any Related-Party Transferee.
Related-Party Transferee means, with respect to a Member, any Family Member or Controlled Entity of the Member.
Retraction Deadline is defined in Section 12.1(b)(iii).
Retraction Notice is defined in Section 12.1(b)(iii).
SEC means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
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Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder.
Selected Courts is defined in Section 13.8.
Subsidiary means, with respect to any Person, any corporation or other entity of which a majority of (i) the voting power of the voting equity securities or (ii) the outstanding equity interests is owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person.
Substituted Member means a Person who is admitted as a Member to the Company pursuant to Section 8.4.
Surviving Company is defined Section 8.7(b)(iii).
Tax Action means any tax-related action, decision, or determination (or failure to take an available tax-related action, decision, or determination) by or with respect to the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, including, without limitation and for the avoidance of doubt, (i) pursuant to discretion granted to the Company or the Company under the terms of this Agreement (or any agreement related to the Company), (ii) by a Tax Representative or Designated Individual, (iii) with respect to the settlement of any tax-related audit or proceeding, (iv) with respect to preparation and filing of any tax return of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, (v) any modification to the allocations pursuant to Section 6.2 or Section 6.3, or any determination made by the Company pursuant to (or other action taken in accordance with) Article IV.
Tax Distribution is defined in Section 3.2(a).
Tax Distribution Shortfall Amount is defined in Section 3.2(d).
Tax Items is defined in Section 6.3(a).
Tax Receivable Agreement means the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of , 2023, entered into by and among the Managing Member, the Company, each of the parties thereto identified as a Member and each of the successors and assigns thereto, and any other similar tax receivable (or comparable) agreements entered after the date of this Agreement.
Tax Representative means, as applicable, and including the Designated Individual as context requires, (a) the Member or other Person (including the Company) designated as the partnership representative of the Company under Code section 6223, (b) the Member designated as the tax matters partner for the Company under Code section 6231(a)(7) (as in effect before 2018 and before amendment by Title XI of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015, H.R. 1314, Public Law No. 114-74), and/or (c) the Member or other Person serving in a similar capacity under any similar provisions of state, local or non-U.S. Laws, in each case, acting solely at the direction of the Company to the maximum extent permitted under Law.
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Termination Transaction means any direct or indirect Transfer of all or any portion of the Managing Members Membership Interest in connection with, or the other occurrence of, (a) merger, consolidation or other combination involving the Managing Member, on the one hand, and any other Person, on the other, (b) a sale, lease, exchange or other transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Managing Member not in the ordinary course of its business, whether in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, (c) a reclassification, recapitalization or change of the outstanding Class A Common Stock (other than a change in par value, or from par value to no par value, or as a result of a stock split or reverse stock split, stock dividend or similar subdivision), (d) the adoption of any plan of liquidation or dissolution of the Managing Member, or (e) a Transfer of all or any portion of the Managing Members Membership Interest (other than to a wholly owned Affiliate).
Terms is defined in the definition of Equivalent Units.
Transfer means, in respect of any Units, property or other assets, any sale, assignment, hypothecation, lien, encumbrance, transfer, distribution or other disposition thereof or of a participation therein, or other conveyance of legal or beneficial interest therein, including rights to vote and to receive dividends or other income with respect thereto, or any short position in a security or any other action or position otherwise reducing risk related to ownership through hedging or other derivative instruments, whether voluntarily or by operation of Law, or any agreement or commitment to do any of the foregoing.
Unit means a fractional share of the Membership Interests in the Company, which may be a Class A Common Unit, a Class B Common Unit, or a Preferred Unit, and shall be deemed to include any equity security received in connection with any recapitalization, merger, consolidation, or other reorganization, or by way of any distribution in respect of Units, in any such case, after the date of this Agreement.
Unit Designation is defined in Section 2.4(a).
Section 14.2 Interpretation. In this Agreement and in the exhibits hereto, except to the extent that the context otherwise requires:
(a) the headings are for convenience of reference only and shall not affect the interpretation of this Agreement;
(b) defined terms include the plural as well as the singular and vice versa;
(c) words importing gender include all genders;
(d) a reference to any statute or statutory provision shall be construed as a reference to the same as it may have been or may from time to time be amended, extended, re-enacted or consolidated and to all statutory instruments or orders made under it;
(e) any reference to a day or a Business Day means the whole of such day, being the period of 24 hours running from midnight to midnight;
(f) references to Articles, Sections, subsections, clauses and Exhibits are references to Articles, Sections, subsections, clauses and Exhibits to, this Agreement;
(g) the words including and include and other words of similar import shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase without limitation; and
(h) unless otherwise specified, references to any party to this Agreement or any other document or agreement shall include its successors and permitted assigns.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed as of the date first written above.
[INITIAL MEMBERS] | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
ANNEX A: INITIAL COMMON UNITS
Member |
Units | |
[] [Address] |
[] Units |
ANNEX B: POLICY REGARDING EXCHANGES
Exhibit 10.2
FORM OF
TAX RECEIVABLE AGREEMENT
dated as of
[]
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||||
Article I DETERMINATION OF REALIZED TAX BENEFIT |
2 | |||
Article II TAX BENEFIT PAYMENTS, THE CONSOLIDATED GROUP, AND TRANSFERS OF CORPORATE ASSETS |
5 | |||
Article III EARLY TERMINATIONS |
6 | |||
Article IV LATE PAYMENTS |
10 | |||
Article V PREPARATION OF TAX RETURNS; COVENANTS; TRA REPRESENTATIVE |
10 | |||
Article VI MISCELLANEOUS |
13 | |||
Article VII DEFINITIONS |
21 |
i
TAX RECEIVABLE AGREEMENT
This TAX RECEIVABLE AGREEMENT (this Agreement), dated as of [], is entered into by and among GEN Restaurant Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the Corporation), GEN Restaurant Companies, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes (the Company), each of the TRA Holders, and the TRA Representative.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the TRA Holders hold Class B common units in the Company (the Units);
WHEREAS, the Corporation, [David Owners Group], [Jae Owners Group], and the Company entered into that certain Contribution Agreement, dated [], 2022 (as further amended or modified in whole or in part from time to time in accordance with such Agreement, the Contribution Agreement), pursuant to which, among other things, [David Owners Group] and [Jae Owners Group] contributed Gen Restaurant Properties (the Contribution) and the Corporation acquired Class A common units in the Company in a contribution governed by Section 721 of the Code;1
WHEREAS, following the Contribution, the Corporation is the managing member of the Company;
WHEREAS, each Unit, together with one share of Class B common stock of the Corporation (the Class B Share), are exchangeable with the Company or the Corporation in certain circumstances for one share of Class A common stock of the Corporation (the Class A Share) and/or cash pursuant to the exchange provisions of the Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Company (the LLC Agreement);
WHEREAS, each of the Company and any of its direct or indirect (through Subsidiaries that are classified as partnerships or disregarded entities for United States federal income tax purposes) Subsidiaries classified as partnerships for United States federal income tax purposes shall have in effect an election under section 754 of the Code for the Taxable Year that includes the effective date of the Contribution and each Taxable Year in which a taxable acquisition (including a deemed taxable acquisition under Section 707(a) of the Code) of Units, together with Class B Shares, by the Corporation or the Company from the TRA Holders for Class A Shares or cash pursuant to the exchange provisions of the LLC Agreement (an Exchange) occurs, which election is intended to result in an adjustment to the tax basis of the assets owned by the Company and such Subsidiaries;
WHEREAS, as a result of an Exchange, the income, gain, loss, expense and deduction of the Corporation may be affected by the Tax Assets;
WHEREAS, the parties to this Agreement desire to make certain arrangements with respect to the benefits attributable to the effect of the Tax Assets on the liability for Taxes of the Corporation;
1 | Note to Draft: To conform to the Contribution Agreement. |
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the respective covenants and agreements set forth in this Agreement, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the undersigned parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DETERMINATION OF REALIZED TAX BENEFIT
Section 1.01 Realized Tax Benefit and Realized Tax Detriment. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, the parties intend that, for a Taxable Year, the excess, if any, of (a) the Hypothetical Tax Liability over the Actual Tax Liability (such excess, the Realized Tax Benefit) or (b) the Actual Tax Liability over the Hypothetical Tax Liability (such excess, the Realized Tax Detriment) shall measure the decrease or increase (respectively) in the Actual Tax Liability for such Taxable Year that is attributable to the Tax Assets, determined using a with and without methodology (that is, treating the Tax Assets as the last tax attributes used in such Taxable Year). If all or a portion of the Actual Tax Liability for the Taxable Year arises as a result of an audit by a Taxing Authority of any Taxable Year, such liability shall not be included in determining the Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment unless and until there has been a Determination with respect to that portion of the Actual Tax Liability.
Section 1.02 Assumptions, Conventions, and Principles for Calculations. The Actual Tax Liability shall be the U.S. federal, state and local income tax liability of the Corporation as reflected on the relevant Corporate Tax Return calculated using such reasonable methods as the Corporation determines; provided that, in making the calculations required by this Agreement, the Corporation shall use the following assumptions, conventions, and principles:
(a) Treatment of Tax Benefit Payments. Tax Benefit Payments (other than amounts accounted for as Imputed Interest) arising as a result of an Exchange shall (i) be treated as upward purchase price adjustments that give rise to further Basis Adjustments to Adjusted Assets for the Corporation and (ii) have the effect of creating additional Basis Adjustments to Adjusted Assets for the Corporation in the year of payment, and, as a result, such additional Basis Adjustments shall be incorporated into the current year calculation and into future year calculations, as appropriate.
(b) Imputed Interest. The Actual Tax Liability shall take into account the deduction of the portion of each Tax Benefit Payment that is accounted for as Imputed Interest under the Code due to the characterization of such Tax Benefit Payments as additional consideration payable by the Corporation for the Units acquired in connection with an Exchange.
(c) Carryovers and Carrybacks. Carryovers or carrybacks of any income, gain, loss (including any NOLs), deduction, or credit attributable to the Tax Assets shall be considered to be subject to the rules of the Code and the Treasury Regulations governing the use, limitation and expiration of carryovers or carrybacks of the relevant type (including sections 382, 383 and 384 of the Code). If a carryover or carryback of any Tax item includes a portion that is attributable to a Tax Asset and another portion that is not, the portion attributable to the Tax Asset shall be considered to be used in accordance with the with and without methodology (that is, treating the Tax Assets as the last tax attributes used in such Taxable Year).
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(d) State and Local Taxes. For purposes of calculating the Actual Tax Liability with respect to a Taxable Year, the Corporation may, but shall not be required to, assume that the Corporations state and local income Tax liability (the Assumed SALT Liability) equals the product of (x) the taxable income and gain determined for the Taxable Year in accordance with this Agreement and (y) a percentage reasonably determined annually by the Corporation and the TRA Representative that reflects the Corporations actual blended state and local tax rate (using the apportionment factors set forth on the relevant Corporate Tax Returns for that Taxable Year unless otherwise determined by the Corporation after consultation with the TRA Representative). The provisions of this Agreement, including the assumption, conventions, and principles with respect to the determination of income and gain, shall apply to state and local tax matters mutatis mutandis.
Section 1.03 Procedures Relating to Calculation of Tax Benefits.
(a) Preparation and Delivery of Schedules.
(i) Exchange Basis Schedule. Within 120 days after the filing of the U.S. federal income Tax Return of the Corporation for each Taxable Year in which any Exchange has occurred, the Corporation shall deliver to the TRA Representative a schedule (the Exchange Basis Schedule) that shows, in reasonable detail, (w) the actual common tax basis of the Adjusted Assets as of each Exchange Date, (x) the Basis Adjustment with respect to the Adjusted Assets as a result of the Exchanges effected in such Taxable Year and all prior Taxable Years ending after the date of this Agreement, calculated (1) in the aggregate and (2) with respect to Exchanges by each TRA Holder, (y) the period or periods, if any, over which the common tax basis of the Adjusted Assets are amortizable and/or depreciable, and (z) the period or periods, if any, over which each Basis Adjustment is amortizable and/or depreciable. The calculations required by this Agreement shall be made in accordance with the Exchange Basis Schedule. If any calculation is required to be made before the Exchange Basis Schedule is agreed upon, reasonable estimates shall be used.
(ii) Tax Benefit Schedule. Within 120 days after the filing of the U.S. federal income Tax Return of the Corporation for any Taxable Year ending after the date of the first Exchange, the Corporation shall provide to the TRA Representative either (A) a schedule showing, in reasonable detail, the calculation of the Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment for such Taxable Year (a Tax Benefit Schedule) or, (B) if there is no Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment for that Taxable Year, notice to that effect.
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(iii) Supporting Material; Review Right. Each time the Corporation delivers to the TRA Representative an Exchange Basis Schedule, Early Termination Schedule or a Tax Benefit Schedule, the Corporation shall also deliver to the TRA Representative schedules and work papers providing reasonable detail regarding the preparation of the schedules and allow the TRA Representative reasonable access, at the cost and expense of the Company, to the appropriate representatives at the Corporation and, if applicable, the Advisory Firm in connection with a review of such schedules or work papers. Without limiting the generality of the preceding sentence, the Corporation shall ensure that any schedule that is delivered to the TRA Representative identifies any material assumptions or operating procedures or principles that were used for purposes of preparing such schedule.
(iv) Provision of Information to TRA Holders. Upon the reasonable request of a TRA Holder, the TRA Representative shall provide to that TRA Holder, in a reasonably prompt manner, such information that the TRA Representative receives pursuant to this Agreement (including the schedules described in this Section 1.03), but only to the extent that the TRA Representative determines that such information is material, relevant, and relates to that TRA Holder.
(b) Objection to, and Finalization of, Schedules. Each Exchange Basis Schedule or Tax Benefit Schedule, including any Amended Schedule delivered pursuant to Section 1.03(c), shall become final and binding on all parties unless the TRA Representative, within 30 days after receiving an Exchange Basis Schedule or a Tax Benefit Schedule, provides the Corporation with notice of a material objection to such schedule made in good faith (an Objection Notice). If the Corporation and the TRA Representative are unable to successfully resolve the issues raised in the Objection Notice within 30 days after receipt by the Corporation of the Objection Notice, the Corporation and the TRA Representative shall employ the dispute resolution procedures as described in Section 6.09 (the Dispute Resolution Procedures).
(c) Amendment of Schedules. After finalization of an Exchange Basis Schedule or a Tax Benefit Schedule in accordance with Section 1.03(b), any Exchange Basis Schedule or Tax Benefit Schedule shall be amended from time to time by the Corporation (i) to correct material inaccuracies in any such schedule, (ii) to reflect a material change in the Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment for such Taxable Year, including any such change attributable to either a carryback or carryforward of a Tax item to such Taxable Year or to an amended Tax Return filed with respect to such Taxable Year, (iii) to adjust the Exchange Basis Schedule to take into account material payments made pursuant to this Agreement, (iv) to reflect the cumulative use of Tax Assets through the end of such Taxable Year, (v) to comply with the Arbitrators determinations under the Dispute Resolution Procedures, or (vi) in connection with a material Determination affecting such schedule (any schedule amended in accordance with this Section 1.03(c), an Amended Schedule or, as applicable, Amended Exchange Basis Schedule, or Amended Tax Benefit Schedule). Any Amended Schedule shall (x) be subject to the finalization procedures set forth in Section 1.03(b) and the Dispute Resolution Procedures set forth in Section 6.09, and (y) delivered to the TRA Representative.
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ARTICLE II
TAX BENEFIT PAYMENTS, THE CONSOLIDATED GROUP, AND TRANSFERS OF
CORPORATE ASSETS
Section 2.01 Payments.
(a) General Rule. The Corporation shall pay to each TRA Holder for each Taxable Year the Tax Benefit Payment that is Attributable to that TRA Holder at the times set forth in Section 2.01(c). For purposes of this Section 2.01(a), the amount of a Tax Benefit Payment that is Attributable to a TRA Holder shall be determined by multiplying (i) the aggregate Tax Benefit Payments for the Taxable Year that arose directly or indirectly as a result of any Exchanges by any TRA Holders or as a result of any payments under this Agreement to any TRA Holders by (ii) a fraction (x) the numerator of which is the aggregate amount of all Tax Benefit Items available for use in the Taxable Year that arose directly or indirectly as a result of an Exchange by such TRA Holder or as a result of payments to such TRA Holder under this Agreement and (y) the denominator of which is the aggregate amount of all Tax Benefit Items available for use in the Taxable Year that arose directly or indirectly as a result of all Exchanges by any TRA Holders or as a result of any payments under this Agreement to any TRA Holders.
(b) Determination of Tax Assets. The Tax Assets shall be determined separately with respect to each separate Exchange, on a Unit-by-Unit basis by reference to the Exchange of a Unit and the resulting Tax Assets with respect to the Corporation.
(c) Timing of Tax Benefit Payments. The Corporation shall make each Tax Benefit Payment not later than 10 days after a Tax Benefit Schedule delivered to the TRA Representative becomes final in accordance with Section 1.03(b). The Corporation may, but is not required to, make one or more estimated payments at other times during the Taxable Year and reduce future payments so that the total amount paid to a TRA Holder in respect of a Taxable Year equals the amount calculated with respect to such Taxable Year pursuant to Section 2.01(a).
(d) Optional Cap on Payments. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, any TRA Holder may elect with respect to any Exchange to limit the aggregate Tax Benefit Payments made to such TRA Holder in respect of that Exchange to a specified dollar amount, a specified percentage of the amount realized by the TRA Holder with respect to the Exchange, or a specified portion of the Basis Adjustment with respect to the Adjusted Assets as a result of the Exchange. The TRA Holder shall exercise its rights under the preceding sentence by including a notice of its desire to impose such a limit and the specified limitation and such other details as may be reasonably necessary (including whether such limitation includes the Additional Amounts in respect of any such Exchange) in the Elective Exchange Notice (as defined in the LLC Agreement) delivered in accordance with the LLC Agreement.
Section 2.02 No Duplicative Payments. The provisions of this Agreement are not intended to, and shall not be construed to, result in duplicative payment of any amount (including interest) required under this Agreement.
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Section 2.03 Order of Payments. If for any reason (including, but not limited to, the lack of sufficient Available Cash to satisfy the Corporations obligations to make all Tax Benefit Payments due in a particular Taxable Year under this Agreement) the Corporation does not fully satisfy its obligations to make all payments due under this Agreement in a particular Taxable Year, then (i) the TRA Holders shall receive payments under this Agreement in respect of such Taxable Year in the same proportion as they would have received if the Corporation had been able to fully satisfy its payment obligations, without favoring one TRA Holder over the other TRA Holders, and (ii) no payment under this Agreement shall be made in respect of any subsequent Taxable Year until all such payments under this Agreement in respect of the current Taxable Year and all prior Taxable Years have been made in full.
Section 2.04 No Escrow or Clawback; Reduction of Future Payments. No amounts due to a TRA Holder under this Agreement shall be escrowed, and no TRA Holder shall be required to return any portion of any Tax Benefit Payment previously made to it. No TRA Holder shall be required to make a payment to the Corporation on account of any Realized Tax Detriment. If a TRA Holder receives amounts in excess of its entitlements under this Agreement (including as a result of an audit adjustment or Realized Tax Detriment), future payments under this Agreement shall be reduced until the amount received by the TRA Holder equals the amount the TRA Holder would have received had it not received the amount in excess of such entitlements.
ARTICLE III
EARLY TERMINATIONS
Section 3.01 Early Termination Events.
(a) Early Termination Election by Corporation. The Corporation may terminate all or a portion of the rights under this Agreement with respect to all or a portion of the Units held (including those previously Exchanged) by all TRA Holders at any time by (A) delivering an Early Termination Notice as provided in Section 3.02(a) and (B) paying the Early Termination Payment as provided in Section 3.03(a). If the Corporation terminates less than all of the rights under this Agreement with respect to the TRA Holders, such termination shall be made among the TRA Holders in such manner that it results in each TRA Holder receiving the same proportion of the Early Termination Payment made at that time as each TRA Holder would have received had the Corporation terminated all of the rights of the TRA Holders under this Agreement at that time.
(b) Deemed Early Termination.
(i) Deemed Early Termination Event. Upon a Material Uncured Breach of this Agreement with respect to a TRA Holder (an Affected TRA Holder) or as soon as reasonably practicable before a Change of Control (each, a Deemed Early Termination Event), (A) the Corporation or the TRA Representative (with a copy to the Corporation) shall deliver, (x) in the case of a Material Uncured Breach, to the Affected TRA Holder(s) or, (y) in the case of a Change of Control, to all TRA Holders, an Early Termination Notice as contemplated in Section 3.02(a), and (B) all obligations under this Agreement with respect to such TRA Holder(s) shall be accelerated.
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(ii) Payment upon Deemed Early Termination Event. The amount payable to the applicable TRA Holder as a result of an acceleration contemplated in Section 3.01(b)(i) shall equal the sum of:
(A) an Early Termination Payment calculated with respect to such TRA Holder(s) pursuant to this Article III as if an Early Termination Notice had been delivered on the date of the Deemed Early Termination Event using the Valuation Assumptions but substituting the phrase the date of the Deemed Early Termination Event in each place where the phrase Early Termination Date appears;
(B) any Tax Benefit Payment agreed to by the Corporation and such TRA Holder(s) as due and payable but unpaid as of the date of such Deemed Early Termination Event; and
(C) any Tax Benefit Payment due to such TRA Holder(s) for the Taxable Year ending with or including the date of such Deemed Early Termination Event (except to the extent that any amounts described in clauses (B) or (C) are included in the amount payable upon early termination).
(iii) Waiver of Deemed Early Termination. A TRA Holder may elect to waive the acceleration of obligations under this Agreement triggered by a Deemed Early Termination Event by submitting a waiver in writing to the Corporation within 30 days after the date of the Early Termination Notice. If a TRA Holder elects to waive the acceleration of obligations pursuant to the preceding sentence, this Agreement shall continue to apply with respect to that TRA Holder as though no Deemed Early Termination Event had occurred, and, if there are any due and unpaid amounts with respect to that TRA Holder, the Corporation shall pay those amounts to the TRA Holder in the manner provided in this Agreement.
Section 3.02 Early Termination Notice and Early Termination Schedule.
(a) Notice; Schedule.
(i) Delivery of Early Termination Notice and Early Termination Schedule. If the Corporation chooses to exercise its right of early termination under Section 3.01(a) above, or if there is a Deemed Early Termination Event under Section 3.01(b) above, the Corporation shall, within 30 days after the Corporation elects to terminate this Agreement or the date of a Material Uncured Breach, deliver to each TRA Holder whose rights are being terminated a notice (an Early Termination Notice) specifying (x) such early termination and (y) the date on which the termination of rights is to be effective (the Early Termination Date), which date shall be (I) the date of the Material Uncured Breach of this Agreement, in the case of a Material Uncured Breach, (II) the effective date of the Change of Control in the case of a Change of Control, and (III) not less than 30 days and not more than 120 days after the date of the Early
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Termination Notice in the case of a termination pursuant to Section 3.01(a). Within 60 days after the Corporation delivers an Early Termination Notice, the Corporation shall deliver to the applicable TRA Holder(s) a schedule showing in reasonable detail the calculation of the Early Termination Payment with respect to each TRA Holder as determined in accordance with Section 3.01(b)(ii)(A), (B) and (C) (the Early Termination Schedule), together with a Supporting Letter in respect of such schedule.
(ii) Finalization of Early Termination Schedule; Disputes. The applicable Early Termination Schedule delivered to a TRA Holder pursuant to Section 3.02(a)(i) shall become final and binding on the Corporation and such TRA Holder unless that TRA Holder, within 30 days after receiving the Early Termination Schedule, provides the Corporation with notice of a material objection to such schedule made in good faith (Material Objection Notice). If the Corporation and such TRA Holder are unable to successfully resolve the issues raised in the Material Objection Notice within 30 days after receipt by the Corporation of the Material Objection Notice, the Corporation and the TRA Holder shall employ the Dispute Resolution Procedures set forth in Section 6.09.
(iii) Withdrawal of Early Termination Notice. The Corporation may withdraw an Early Termination Notice delivered in connection with Section 3.01(a) before the Early Termination Payment is due and payable to any applicable TRA Holder(s).
(b) Amendment of Early Termination Schedule. After finalization of an Early Termination Schedule in accordance with Section 3.02(a)(ii), any Early Termination Schedule shall be amended by the Corporation at any time before the Early Termination Payment is made (i) in connection with a Determination materially affecting such schedule, (ii) to correct material inaccuracies in any such schedule, or (iii) to comply with the Arbitrators determinations under Section 6.09. Any amendment shall be subject to the procedures of Section 3.02(a)(ii) and the Dispute Resolution Procedures set forth in Section 6.09.
Section 3.03 Early Termination Payment.
(a) Amount and Timing of Early Termination Payment. The payment due to a TRA Holder in connection with an early termination described in Section 3.01(a) or 3.01(b) (the Early Termination Payment) shall be an amount equal to the present value, discounted at the Early Termination Rate as of the Early Termination Date, of all Tax Benefit Payments that the Corporation would be required to pay to the TRA Holder beginning from the Early Termination Date and assuming that the Valuation Assumptions are applied. Not later than 10 days after an Early Termination Schedule delivered to a TRA Holder becomes final in accordance with Section 3.02(a)(ii), the Corporation shall pay to the TRA Holder the Early Termination Payment (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any other amounts due pursuant to Section 3.01(b)(ii)(B) and Section 3.01(b)(ii)(C)) due to that TRA Holder.
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(b) Effect of Early Termination Payment. Upon payment of the Early Termination Payment by the Corporation under Section 3.03, neither the TRA Holder nor the Corporation shall have any further rights or obligations under this Agreement in respect of the payments that otherwise would be due pursuant to this Agreement or the Units (including those previously Exchanged) with respect to which the rights under this Agreement have been terminated in accordance with Section 3.01, other than for any (i) payment under this Agreement that is due and payable but has not been paid as of the Early Termination Date and (ii) Tax Benefit Payment due for the Taxable Year ending with or including the date of the Early Termination Date (except to the extent that the amounts described in clauses (i) or (ii) are included in the Early Termination Payment). For the avoidance of doubt, if an Exchange occurs after the Corporation has made an Early Termination Payments with respect to all Units (including those previously Exchanged), the Corporation shall have no obligations under this Agreement with respect to such Exchange other than any obligations described in clause (i) or clause (ii) of the preceding sentence.
Section 3.04 Admission of the Corporation into a Consolidated Group; Transfers of Corporate Assets.
(a) Admission of the Corporation into a Consolidated Group. If the Corporation is or becomes a member of an affiliated or consolidated group of corporations that files a consolidated income Tax Return pursuant to sections 1501 et seq. of the Code or any corresponding provisions of state, local or non-U.S. law (a Consolidated Group), then: (i) the provisions of this Agreement shall be applied with respect to the Consolidated Group as a whole; and (ii) Tax Benefit Payments, Early Termination Payments and other applicable items in this Agreement shall be computed with reference to the consolidated taxable income of the Consolidated Group as a whole. Nothing in this Section 3.04(a) shall be interpreted to alter the circumstances that give rise to an early termination as described in Section 3.01(a) or 3.01(b).
(b) Transfers of Assets by Corporation.
(i) General Rule. If the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the Corporation transfers one or more assets to a corporation with which the transferor does not file a consolidated Tax Return pursuant to section 1501 et. seq. of the Code, then, for purposes of calculating the amount of any payment due under this Agreement, the transferor shall be treated as having disposed of such asset(s) in a fully taxable transaction on the date of the transfer.
(ii) Rules of Application. For purposes of this Section 3.04(b):
(A) Except as provided in Section 3.04(b)(ii)(B), the consideration deemed to be received by the transferor in the transaction shall be deemed to equal the fair market value of the transferred asset(s) (taking into account the principles of section 7701(g) of the Code);
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(B) The consideration deemed to be received by the transferor in exchange for a partnership interest shall be deemed to equal the fair market value of the partnership interest increased by any liabilities (as defined in Treasury Regulation § 1.752-1(a)(4)) of the partnership allocated to the transferor with regard to such transferred interest under section 752 of the Code immediately after the transfer; and
(C) A transfer to a corporation (other than the Corporation) includes a transfer to any entity or arrangement classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and partnership includes any entity or arrangement classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
ARTICLE IV
LATE PAYMENTS
Section 4.01 Late Payments by the Corporation. The amount of all or any portion of any amount due under the terms of this Agreement that is not paid to any TRA Holder when due shall be payable, together with any interest thereon computed at the Default Rate commencing from the date on which such payment was due and payable. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, the Default Rate shall not apply (and the Agreed Rate shall apply) to any late payment that is late solely as a result of (a) a prohibition, restriction or covenant under any credit agreement, loan agreement, note, indenture or other agreement governing indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the Corporation or (b) restrictions under applicable law.
Section 4.02 Manner of Payment. All payments required to be made to a TRA Holder pursuant to this Agreement will be made by electronic payment of immediately available funds to a bank account previously designated and owned by such TRA Holder or, if no such account has been designated, by check payable to such TRA Holder.
ARTICLE V
PREPARATION OF TAX RETURNS; COVENANTS; TRA REPRESENTATIVE
Section 5.01 No Participation by TRA Holder in the Corporations and the Companys Tax Matters.
(a) General Rule. Except as otherwise provided in this Article V, the Corporation shall have full responsibility for, and sole discretion over, all Tax matters concerning the Corporation and the Company, including, without limitation, the preparation, filing and amending of any Tax Return and defending, contesting or settling any issue pertaining to Taxes.
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(b) Notification of TRA Representative. The Corporation shall notify the TRA Representative of, and keep the TRA Representative reasonably informed with respect to, the portion of any audit of the Corporation and the Company by a Taxing Authority the outcome of which is reasonably expected to affect the TRA Holders rights and obligations under this Agreement.
Section 5.02 Consistency. The Corporation and the TRA Holders agree to report and cause to be reported for all purposes, including U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. tax purposes and financial reporting purposes, all tax-related items (including without limitation the Basis Adjustment and each Tax Benefit Payment) in a manner consistent with that specified by the Corporation in any schedule provided by or on behalf of the Corporation under this Agreement unless the Corporation or a TRA Holder receives a written opinion from an Advisory Firm that reporting in such manner would reasonably be expected to result in an imposition of penalties pursuant to the Code. Any Dispute concerning such written opinion shall be subject to the Dispute Resolution Procedures set forth in Section 6.09.
Section 5.03 Cooperation. Each TRA Holder shall (a) furnish to the Corporation in a timely manner such information, documents and other materials, not to include such TRA Holders personal Tax Returns, as the Corporation may reasonably request for purposes of making any determination or computation necessary or appropriate under this Agreement, preparing any Tax Return or contesting or defending any audit, examination or controversy with any Taxing Authority, (b) make itself available to the Corporation and its representatives to provide explanations of documents and materials and such other information as the Corporation or its representatives may reasonably request in connection with any of the matters described in clause (a) of this Section 5.03, and (c) reasonably cooperate in connection with any such matter. The Corporation shall reimburse each TRA Holder for any reasonable and documented third-party costs and expenses incurred by the TRA Holder in complying with this Section 5.03.
Section 5.04 Section 754 Election. For the Taxable Year that includes the effective date of the Contribution and each Taxable Year in which an Exchange occurs, the Corporation shall (i) ensure that the Company and each of its direct or indirect (through Subsidiaries that are classified as partnerships or disregarded entities for United States federal income tax purposes) Subsidiaries that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income Tax purposes shall have in effect an election pursuant to section 754 of the Code (and any similar provisions of applicable U.S. state or local law) and (ii) use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that any entity in which the Company holds a direct or indirect (through entities that are classified as partnerships or disregarded entities for United States federal income tax purposes) interest that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income Tax purposes that is not a Subsidiary as defined in this Agreement will have in effect an election pursuant to section 754 of the Code (and any similar provisions of applicable U.S. state or local law).
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Section 5.05 Available Cash. The Corporation shall use reasonable best efforts to ensure that it has sufficient Available Cash to make all payments due under this Agreement, including using reasonable best efforts to cause the Company to make distributions to the Corporation to make such payments so long as such distributions do not violate (a) a prohibition, restriction or covenant under any credit agreement, loan agreement, note, indenture or other agreement governing indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the Corporation or (b) restrictions under applicable law. This Section 5.05 shall not require the Corporation to borrow or otherwise raise funds.
Section 5.06 TRA Representative.
(a) Power of the TRA Representative; Reliance by Corporation. A decision, act, consent, or instruction of the TRA Representative shall constitute a decision of all TRA Holders and shall be final, binding and conclusive upon each TRA Holder. The Corporation may rely upon any decision, act, consent, or instruction of the TRA Representative as being the decision, act, consent, or instruction of each TRA Holder.
(b) Scope of Liability. The TRA Representative shall not be liable to any TRA Party for any act of the TRA Representative arising out of, or in connection with, the reasonable and good faith administration of its rights and duties under this Agreement.
(c) Expenses and Indemnification of the TRA Representative. To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Corporation shall pay, or to the extent the TRA Representative pays, indemnify and reimburse, the TRA Representative for all liability and loss and all reasonable and contemporaneously documented costs and expenses, including legal and accounting fees, in connection with the TRA Representatives reasonable and good faith exercise of its rights and duties under this Agreement.
(d) Successor TRA Representative. If at any time the TRA Representative is unable or unwilling to serve in such capacity, the person then-serving as the TRA Representative shall be entitled to appoint its successor. If the TRA Representative fails to appoint a successor that will serve as of the effective date of the termination of the then-serving TRA Representatives tenure, the Corporation shall be entitled to appoint the successor. In either case, such successor shall be subject to the approval of the TRA Holders who would be entitled to receive at least fifty percent (50%) of the total amount of the Early Termination Payments that would be payable to all TRA Holders if the Corporation had exercised its right of early termination under Section 3.01(a) on the date of the most recent Exchange as of the effective date of the resignation of the then-serving TRA Representative. If such successor does not receive the requisite approval, the Corporation and the TRA Holders shall attempt to resolve the matter in good faith. If no such resolution has occurred by the earlier of (i) 90 days following the termination of tenure and (ii) five (5) days before a TRA Representative will be required to take an action or make a decision under this Agreement, the Corporation shall be entitled to appoint the successor, who shall serve as the TRA Representative.
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ARTICLE VI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 6.01 Notices. All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications with respect to this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly given and received (a) on the date of delivery if delivered personally, or by e-mail if sent on a Business Day (or otherwise on the next Business Day) or (b) on the first Business Day following the date of dispatch if delivered by a nationally recognized next-day courier service. All notices under this Agreement shall be delivered as set forth below, or pursuant to such other instructions as may be designated in writing by the party to receive such notice:
if to the Corporation, to:
GEN Restaurant Group,
Inc.
11472 South Street
Cerritos, CA 90703
Attention: General Counsel
E-mail: []
with a copy to:
Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP
811 Main St., Suite 3000,
Houston, TX 77002
Phone: +1 (346) 718-6718
Fax: +1 346.718.6918
Attention: James Chenoweth
E-mail: JChenoweth@gibsondunn.com
if to the Company, to:
GEN Restaurant Companies, LLC
11472 South Street
Cerritos, CA 90703
Attn: General Counsel
E-mail: []
with a copy to:
Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP
811 Main St., Suite 3000,
Houston, TX 77002
Phone: +1 (346) 718-6718
Fax: +1 346.718.6918
Attention: James Chenoweth
E-mail: JChenoweth@gibsondunn.com
if to the TRA Representative, to:
[]
[Address: ]
E-mail: []
if to the TRA Holder(s), to:
the address set forth for such TRA Holder in the records of the Company.
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Any party may change its address by giving the other party written notice of its new address, fax number, or e-mail address in the manner set forth in this Section 6.01.
Section 6.02 Bank Account Information. The Corporation may require each TRA Holder to provide its bank account information to facilitate wire transfers. The Corporation shall be entitled to rely on the bank account information provided by a TRA Holder absent actual knowledge that such bank account information is incorrect.
Section 6.03 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other parties, it being understood that all parties need not sign the same counterpart. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts by manual, electronic or facsimile
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signature, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by electronic transmission or facsimile transmission shall be as effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.
Section 6.04 Entire Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, the LLC Agreement, the Contribution Agreement, and the other writings referred to in this Agreement or delivered pursuant to this Agreement which form a part of this Agreement contain the entire agreement among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter of this Agreement and supersede all prior oral and written agreements and memoranda and undertakings among the parties to this Agreement with regard to such subject matter. Except as expressly provided herein, this Agreement does not create any rights, claims or benefits inuring to any person that is not a party to this Agreement nor create or establish any third party beneficiary hereto.
Section 6.05 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of the state of Delaware (and, to the extent applicable, federal law), without regard to the conflicts of laws principles thereof that would mandate the application of the laws of another jurisdiction.
Section 6.06 Severability. If any provision of this Agreement, or the application of such provision to any Person or circumstance or in any jurisdiction, shall be held to be invalid or unenforceable to any extent, (i) the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby, and each other provision of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law, (ii) as to such Person or circumstance or in such jurisdiction such provision shall be reformed to be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law and (iii) the application of such provision to other Persons or circumstances or in other jurisdictions shall not be affected thereby. In addition, if any court of competent jurisdiction determines that any provision of this Agreement is invalid or unenforceable as written, each Person party hereto shall take all necessary action to cause this Agreement to be amended so as to provide, to the maximum extent reasonably possible, that the purposes of the Agreement can be realized, and to modify this Agreement to the minimum extent reasonably possible.
Section 6.07 Assignment; Amendments; Waiver of Compliance; Successors and Assigns.
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(a) Assignment.
(i) General Rule. Except as provided in this Section 6.07(a), no TRA Holder may, directly or indirectly, assign or otherwise transfer its rights under this Agreement to any person without the express prior written consent of the Corporation.
(ii) Certain Transfers. If (i) a TRA Holder that is an original signatory to this Agreement seeks to transfer a portion of its rights to no more than three transferees (taking into account all transfers permitted under this Agreement) or (ii) a TRA Holder that is not an original signatory to this Agreement seeks to transfer no less than all of its rights, the Corporation may not unreasonably withhold, condition, or delay its consent to such transfer.
(iii) Assignments in Connection with Transfers of Units. If (i) Units are transferred in accordance with the terms of the LLC Agreement and (ii) the transferring TRA Holder (together with its Affiliates) held at least 10 percent of the total Units outstanding immediately before the Merger, the transferring TRA Holder may assign to the transferee all, but not less than all, of that TRA Holders rights under this Agreement with respect to such transferred Units without the express prior written consent of the Corporation.
(iv) Joinder. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, any assignment or transfer of rights under this Agreement shall be void unless the assignee or transferee, as applicable, executes and delivers a joinder to this Agreement agreeing to become a TRA Holder for all purposes of this Agreement (except as otherwise provided in such joinder), with such joinder being, in form and substance, reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation.
(b) Amendments.
a. General Rule. No provision of this Agreement may be amended unless such amendment is approved in writing by the Corporation, the Company and the TRA Holders who would be entitled to receive at least two-thirds of the Early Termination Payments payable to all TRA Holders (as determined by the Corporation) if the Corporation had exercised its right of early termination under Section 3.01(a) on the date of the most recent Exchange prior to such amendment (excluding, for purposes of this sentence, all payments made to any TRA Holder pursuant to this Agreement since the date of such most recent Exchange).
b. Amendments with Disproportionate Adverse Effect. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 6.07(b)(i), if a proposed amendment would have a disproportionate adverse effect on the payments one or more TRA Holders will or may receive under this Agreement, such amendment shall not be effective without the written consent of at least two-thirds of the TRA Holders who would be disproportionately and adversely affected (with such two-thirds threshold being measured as set forth in Section 6.07(b)(i)).
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(c) Waiver of Compliance. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, any failure of any of the parties to comply with any obligation, covenant, agreement or condition herein may be waived by the party entitled to the benefits thereof only by a written instrument signed by the party granting such waiver, but such waiver or failure to insist upon strict compliance with such obligation, covenant, agreement or condition shall not operate as a waiver of, or estoppel with respect to, any subsequent or other failure.
(d) Successors and Assigns. Except as otherwise provided herein, all of the terms and provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon, shall inure to the benefit of and shall be enforceable by the respective successors and permitted assigns of the parties hereto. The Corporation shall require and cause any direct or indirect successor (whether by purchase, merger, consolidation, division, conversion or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Corporation, by written agreement, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Corporation would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place.
Section 6.08 Titles and Subtitles. The titles of the sections and subsections of this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and are not to be considered in construing this Agreement.
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Section 6.09 Dispute Resolution.
(a) Disputes as to Interpretation and Calculations. Any Dispute as to the interpretation of, or calculations required by, this Agreement shall be resolved by the Corporation and the TRA Representative, acting reasonably and in good faith; provided, that such resolution shall reflect a reasonable interpretation of the provisions of this Agreement, consistent with the goal that the provisions of this Agreement result in the TRA Holders receiving eighty- five percent (85%) of the Cumulative Net Realized Tax Benefit and the Additional Amount thereon.
(b) Dispute Resolution; Arbitration. If any dispute is not resolved in accordance with Section 6.09(a), the parties shall negotiate in good faith to resolve any dispute, controversy, or claim arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, or the interpretation, breach, termination or validity thereof (Dispute). To the extent any Dispute is not resolved through good faith negotiations between the Corporation and the TRA Representative, Disputes shall be finally resolved by arbitration before a panel of three independent tax lawyers at major law firms and are mutually acceptable to the parties (the Arbitrators). The Arbitrators, with the consent of the parties, may, or, at the direction of the parties, shall, delegate some or all of the issues under dispute (including Disputes under Section 1.03, Section 2.01(c), Article III, or Section 5.02) to a nationally recognized accounting firm selected by the Arbitrators and agreed to by the Corporation and the TRA Representative. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, in any Dispute proceeding, the TRA Representative shall represent the interests of any TRA Holder(s) in any Dispute and no TRA Holder shall individually have the right to participate in any proceeding.
(c) Selection of Arbitrators; Timing. There shall be three Arbitrators who shall be appointed by the parties within 20 days of receipt by a party of a copy of the demand for arbitration. The Corporation shall appoint one arbitrator and the TRA Representative shall appoint one arbitrator (with the appointment being subject, in each case, to the reasonable objection of the other party), and the parties shall jointly appoint the third arbitrator. If any of the Arbitrators is not appointed within 20 days, and the parties have not agreed to extend the 20-day time period, such arbitrator shall be appointed by JAMS (formerly known as the Judicial Arbitration and Mediation Services, Inc.) in accordance with the listing, striking and ranking procedure in the JAMS Comprehensive Arbitration Rules and Procedures, with each party being given a limited number of strikes, except for cause. Any arbitrator appointed by JAMS shall be a retired judge or a practicing attorney with no less than fifteen years of experience with corporate and partnership tax matters and an experienced arbitrator. In rendering an award, the Arbitrators shall be required to follow the laws of the state of Delaware, notwithstanding any Delaware choice-of-law rules. The costs of arbitration shall be split equally between the parties participating in the arbitration.
(d) Arbitration Award; Damages; Attorney Fees. The arbitral award shall be in writing and shall state the findings of fact and conclusions of law on which it is based. The Arbitrators shall not be permitted to award punitive, non-economic, or any non- compensatory damages. The award shall be final and binding upon the parties and shall be the sole and exclusive remedy between the parties regarding any claims, counterclaims, issues, or accounting presented to the Arbitrators. Judgment upon the
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award may be entered in any court having jurisdiction over any party or any of its assets. Any costs or fees (including all attorneys fees and expenses) incident to enforcing the award shall be charged against the party resisting such enforcement. Each party shall bear its own attorneys fees incurred in the underlying arbitration.
(e) Confidentiality. All Disputes shall be resolved in a confidential manner. The Arbitrators shall agree to hold any information received during the arbitration in the strictest of confidence and shall not disclose to any non-party the existence, contents or results of the arbitration or any other information about such arbitration. The parties to the arbitration shall not disclose any information about the evidence adduced or the documents produced by the other party in the arbitration proceedings or about the existence, contents or results of the proceeding except as may be required by law or stock exchange rules, regulatory or governmental authority or as may be necessary in an action in aid of arbitration or for enforcement of an arbitral award. Before making any disclosure permitted by the preceding sentence (other than private disclosure to financial regulatory authorities), the party intending to make such disclosure shall use reasonable efforts to give the other party reasonable written notice of the intended disclosure and afford the other party a reasonable opportunity to protect its interests.
(f) Discovery. Barring extraordinary circumstances (as determined in the sole discretion of the Arbitrators), discovery shall be limited to pre-hearing disclosure of documents that each side shall present in support of its case, and non-privileged documents essential to a matter of import in the proceeding for which a party has demonstrated a substantial need. The parties agree that they shall produce to each other all such requested non-privileged documents, except documents objected to and with respect to which a ruling has been or shall be sought from the Arbitrators. The parties agree that information from the Corporate Tax Return (including by way of a redacted Corporate Tax Return) shall be sufficient, and that the Corporation shall not be compelled to produce any unredacted Tax Returns. There will be no depositions or live witness testimony.
Section 6.10 Withholding. The Corporation shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any payment payable pursuant to this Agreement such amounts, if any, as the Corporation is required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment under the Code, or any provision of state, local or non-U.S. tax law. To the extent that amounts are so withheld and are (or, when due, will be) paid over to the appropriate Taxing Authority by the Corporation, such withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the TRA Holder in respect of whom such withholding was made. Each TRA Holder shall provide such necessary tax forms, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Corporation, as the Corporation may request from time to
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time. Before any withholding is made pursuant to this Section 6.10, the Corporation shall use commercially reasonable efforts to (a) notify a TRA Holder and (b) cooperate with such TRA Holder to avoid such withholding, unless the TRA Holder has failed to comply with the provisions of the preceding sentence.
Section 6.11 Confidentiality.
(a) General Rule. Each TRA Holder and assignee acknowledges and agrees that the information of the Corporation is confidential and, except in the course of performing any duties as necessary for the Corporation and its Affiliates, as required by law or legal process or to enforce the terms of this Agreement, shall keep and retain in the strictest confidence and not disclose to any Person any confidential matters or information of the Corporation, its Affiliates and successors and the other TRA Holders acquired pursuant to this Agreement, including marketing, investment, performance data, credit and financial information and other business affairs of the Corporation, its Affiliates and successors and the other TRA Holders.
(b) Exceptions. This Section 6.11 shall not apply to (i) any information that has been made publicly available by the Corporation or any of its Affiliates, becomes public knowledge (except as a result of an act of such TRA Holder in violation of this Agreement) or is generally known to the public and (ii) the disclosure of information to the extent necessary for a TRA Holder to prepare and file his or her Tax Returns, to respond to any inquiries regarding such Tax Returns from any Taxing Authority or to prosecute or defend any action, proceeding or audit by any Taxing Authority with respect to such Tax Returns. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 6.11, each TRA Holder and assignee (and each employee, representative or other agent of such TRA Holder or assignee, as applicable) may disclose to any and all Persons, without limitation of any kind, the tax treatment and tax structure of (x) the Corporation, the Company, the TRA Holders and their Affiliates and (y) any of their transactions, and all materials of any kind (including opinions or other tax analyses) that are provided to the TRA Holders relating to such tax treatment and tax structure.
(c) Enforcement. If a TRA Holder or assignee commits a breach, or threatens to commit a breach, of any of the provisions of this Section 6.11, the Corporation shall have the right and remedy to have the provisions of this Section 6.11 specifically enforced by injunctive relief or otherwise by any court of competent jurisdiction without the need to post any bond or other security, it being acknowledged and agreed that any such breach or threatened breach shall cause irreparable injury to the Corporation or any of its Affiliates or the other TRA Holders and that money damages alone shall not provide an adequate remedy to such Persons. Such rights and remedies shall be in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other rights and remedies available at law or in equity.
Section 6.12 LLC Agreement. For U.S. federal income Tax purposes, to the extent this Agreement imposes obligations upon the Company or a member of the Company, this Agreement shall be treated as part of the LLC Agreement as described in section 761(c) of the Code and sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(h) and 1.761-1(c) of the Treasury Regulations.
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Section 6.13 Joinder. The Company shall have the power and authority (but not the obligation) to permit any Person who becomes a member of the Company to execute and deliver a joinder to this Agreement promptly upon acquisition of membership interests in the Company by such Person, and such Person shall be treated as a TRA Holder for all purposes of this Agreement.
Section 6.14 Survival. If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Article III, this Agreement shall become void and of no further force and effect, except for the provisions set forth in Section 6.05 (Governing Law), Section 6.09 (Dispute Resolution), Section 6.11 (Confidentiality), and this Section 6.14 (Survival).
ARTICLE VII
DEFINITIONS
As used in this Agreement, the terms set forth in this Article VII shall have the following meanings (such meanings to be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of the terms defined).
Actual Tax Liability is defined in Section 1.02.
Additional Amount for a given Taxable Year shall be the additional amount (calculated in the same manner as interest) payable on the Net Tax Benefit for such Taxable Year calculated at the Agreed Rate from the due date (without extensions) for filing the Corporate Tax Return with respect to Taxes for the most recently ended Taxable Year until the date on which the payment is required to be made. In the case of a Tax Benefit Payment made in respect of an Amended Schedule, the Additional Amount shall equal the additional amount (calculated in the same manner as interest) payable on the Net Tax Benefit for such Taxable Year calculated at the Agreed Rate from the date of such Amended Schedule becoming final in accordance with Section 1.03(b) until the date on which the payment is required to be made, reduced to account for any payment of Additional Amount made in respect of the original Tax Benefit Schedule. Except to the extent that it is treated as Imputed Interest, the Additional Amount shall be treated as additional consideration for Tax purposes.
Adjusted Asset means any asset with respect to which a Basis Adjustment is made. Advisory Firm means any accounting firm or any law firm, in each case, that is nationally recognized as being expert in Tax matters and that is reasonably selected by the Board.
Affiliate means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such first Person.
Agreed Rate means SOFR plus 300 basis points.
Agreement is defined in the preamble of this Agreement.
Amended Schedule is defined in Section 1.03(c).
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Arbitrators is defined in Section 6.09(b).
Attributable means the portion of any Tax Asset of the Corporation that is attributable to a TRA Holder and shall be determined by reference to the Tax Assets, under the following principles:
(i) any Basis Adjustments shall be determined separately with respect to each Exchanging Member and are Attributable to each Exchanging Member in an amount equal to the total Basis Adjustments relating to Units Exchanged by such TRA Holder;
(ii) any deduction to the Corporation with respect to a Taxable Year in respect of any payment (including amounts attributable to Imputed Interest) made under this Agreement is Attributable to the Person that is required to include such payment or Imputed Interest in income (without regard to whether such Person is actually subject to Tax thereon).
Assumed SALT Liability is defined in Section 1.02(d).
Available Cash means all cash and cash equivalents of the Corporation on hand, less (i) the amount of cash reserves reasonably established in good faith by the Corporation to provide for the proper conduct of business of the Corporation (including paying creditors) and (ii) any amount the Corporation cannot pay to a TRA Holder by reason of (A) a prohibition, restriction or covenant under any credit agreement, loan agreement, note, indenture or other agreement governing indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the Corporation or (B) restrictions under applicable law.
Basis Adjustment means any adjustment under sections 732, 734(b), 743(b), or 1012 of the Code (as applicable) as a result of an Exchange by a TRA Holder.
Beneficial Ownership (including correlative terms) shall have the meaning ascribed to that term in Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Board means the board of directors of the Corporation.
Business Day means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or any other day on which commercial banks located in Newport Beach, California are authorized or required to close.
Change of Control means the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) any Person or any group of Persons acting together which would constitute a group for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or any successor provisions thereto, excluding any TRA Party or any group of TRA Parties, becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Corporation representing more than fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power of the Corporations then outstanding voting securities; or
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(b) the following individuals cease for any reason to constitute a majority of the directors of the Corporation then serving: (i) individuals who, on the Contribution Date, constitute the Board, and (ii) any new director (other than a director whose initial assumption of office is in connection with an actual or threatened election contest, including but not limited to a consent solicitation) whose appointment by the Board or nomination for election by the Corporations shareholders was approved or recommended by a vote of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the directors then still in office who either were directors on the Contribution Date or whose appointment or nomination for election was previously so approved or recommended by the directors referred to in this clause (ii); or
(c) there is consummated a merger or consolidation of the Corporation or any direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Corporation with any other corporation or other entity, and, immediately after the consummation of such merger or consolidation, all of the Persons who were the respective Beneficial Owners of the voting securities of the Corporation immediately prior to such merger or consolidation do not Beneficially Own, directly or indirectly, more than fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of the Person resulting from such merger or consolidation in substantially the same proportions as their Beneficial Ownership of such securities of the Corporation immediately before such transaction; or
(d) the shareholders of the Corporation approve a plan of complete liquidation or dissolution of the Corporation, or there is consummated an agreement or series of related agreements for the sale or other disposition, directly or indirectly, by the Corporation of all or substantially all of the Corporations assets, other than the sale or other disposition by the Corporation of all or substantially all of the Corporations assets to an entity, more than fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power of the voting securities of which are Beneficially Owned by shareholders of the Corporation in substantially the same proportions as their Beneficial Ownership of such securities of the Corporation immediately before such sale.
Class A Shares is defined in the recitals of this Agreement.
Class B Shares is defined in the recitals of this Agreement.
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and any successor or replacement statute.
Company is defined in the preamble to this Agreement.
Consolidated Group is defined in Section 3.04(a).
Control means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.
Corporate Tax Return means a Tax Return of the Corporation for income Taxes.
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Corporation is defined in the preamble of this Agreement.
Contribution is defined in the recitals of this Agreement.
Contribution Agreement is defined in the recitals of this Agreement.
Contribution Date means the date of the Contribution.
Cumulative Net Realized Tax Benefit for a Taxable Year means the excess, if any, of
(a) the cumulative amount of Realized Tax Benefits for all Taxable Years of the Corporation, including such Taxable Year, over (b) the cumulative amount of Realized Tax Detriments, if any, for the same periods. The Realized Tax Benefit and Realized Tax Detriment for each Taxable Year shall be determined based on the most recent Tax Benefit Schedule or Amended Schedule, if any, in existence at the time of such determination.
day means a calendar day.
Deemed Early Termination Event is defined in Section 3.01(b)(i).
Default Rate means SOFR plus 500 basis points.
Determination shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in section 1313(a) of the Code or similar provision of state or local tax law, as applicable, or any other event (including the execution of a Form 870-AD) that finally and conclusively establishes the amount of any liability for Tax.
Dispute is defined in Section 6.09(b).
Dispute Resolution Procedures is defined in Section 1.03(b).
Early Termination Date is defined in Section 3.02(a)(i).
Early Termination Notice is defined in Section 3.02(a)(i).
Early Termination Payment is defined in Section 3.03(a).
Early Termination Rate means the lesser of (i) 6.5% and (ii) SOFR plus 400 basis points.
Early Termination Schedule is defined in Section 3.02(a)(i).
Exchange is defined in the recitals of this Agreement.
Exchanging Member means any TRA Holder that participates in an Exchange.
Exchange Basis Schedule is defined in Section 1.03(a)(i)(B), including any Amended Exchange Basis Schedule.
Exchange Date is the date of any Exchange.
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Hypothetical Tax Liability means Actual Tax Liability with respect to any Taxable Year, as determined in accordance with Section 1.02, except that all Tax Assets shall be disregarded (i.e. treated as if they do not exist) in calculating Hypothetical Tax Liability. For the avoidance of doubt, the Assumed SALT Liability used to determine the Hypothetical Tax Liability shall be calculated by disregarding all Tax Assets.
Imputed Interest means any interest imputed under sections 1272, 1274, or 483 or other provision of the Code with respect to the Corporations payment obligations under this Agreement.
LLC Agreement is defined in the recitals of this Agreement.
Material Objection Notice is defined in Section 3.02.
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Material Uncured Breach means the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) the Corporation fails to make any payment required by this Agreement within 90 days after the due date for that payment (except for a failure to make any payment due pursuant to this Agreement as a result of a lack of Available Cash);
(b) this Agreement is rejected in a case commenced under the Bankruptcy Code and the Corporation does not cure the rejection within 90 days after such rejection; or
(c) the Corporation breaches any of its material obligations under this Agreement other than an event described in clause (a) or (b) with respect to one or more TRA Holders and the Corporation does not cure such breach within 90 days after receipt of notice of such breach from such TRA Holder(s).
Net Tax Benefit means, for each Taxable Year, the amount equal to the excess, if any, of eighty-five percent (85%) of the Cumulative Net Realized Tax Benefit as of the end of such Taxable Year over the total amount of payments previously made under Section 2.01, excluding payments attributable to any Additional Amount.
Objection Notice is defined in Section 1.03(a).
Person means any individual, corporation, firm, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, estate, trust, business association, organization, governmental entity, or other entity.
Realized Tax Benefit is defined in Section 1.01
Realized Tax Detriment is defined in Section 1.01.
SOFR means the Secured Overnight Financing Rate or such other replacement rate as the Corporation and the TRA Representative determines.
Subsidiary means, with respect to any Person, as of any date of determination, any other Person as to which such Person, owns, directly or indirectly, or otherwise Controls more than 50% of the voting shares or other similar interests or the sole general partner interest or managing member or similar interest of such Person.
Tax Assets means, without duplication, (a) the Basis Adjustments, (b) Imputed Interest, and (c) any other item of loss, deduction or credit, including carrybacks and carryforwards, attributable to any item described in clauses (a) and (b) of this definition.
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Tax Benefit Items means
(a) | a deduction to the Corporation for depreciation arising in respect of one or more Basis Adjustments; |
(b) | a reduction in gain or increase in loss to the Corporation upon the disposition of an Adjusted Asset that arises in respect of one or more Basis Adjustments; |
(c) | a deduction to the Corporation of Imputed Interest that arises in respect of payments under this Agreement made to a TRA Holder; or |
(d) | any other item of loss, deduction or credit, including carrybacks and carryforwards, attributable to any item described in clauses (a) (c) of this definition. |
Tax Benefit Payment means, for each Taxable Year, an amount, not less than zero, equal to the sum of the Net Tax Benefit and the Additional Amount.
Tax Benefit Schedule is defined in Section 1.03(a)(ii), including any Amended Tax Benefit Schedule.
Tax Return means any return, declaration, report or similar statement required to be filed with respect to Taxes (including any attached schedules), including, without limitation, any information return, claim for refund, amended return and declaration of estimated Tax.
Taxable Year means, for the Corporation or the Company, as the case may be, a taxable year as defined in section 441(b) of the Code or comparable section of state or local tax law, as applicable, ending on or after the closing date of the Contribution.
Taxes means any and all U.S. federal, state, and local taxes, assessments, or similar charges that are based on or measured with respect to net income or profits (including any franchise taxes based on or measured with respect to net income or profits), and any interest, penalties, or additions related to such amounts imposed in respect thereof under applicable law.
Taxes of the Corporation means the Taxes of the Corporation and/or the Company, but only with respect to Taxes imposed on the Company and allocable to the Corporation for such Taxable Year.
Taxing Authority means any U.S. federal, national, state, county, or municipal or other local government, any subdivision, agency, commission or authority thereof, or any quasi- governmental body exercising any taxing authority or any other authority exercising Tax regulatory authority.
TRA Holder means any Person (other than the Corporation, its Subsidiaries, and the TRA Representative, solely in their capacity as TRA Representative) that is a party to this Agreement.
TRA Party means the Corporation, the Company, each of the TRA Holders, the TRA Representative, and any person who becomes a party to this Agreement from time to time.
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TRA Representative means David Kim or, if David Kim is unable or unwilling to serve as the TRA Representative, the person designated pursuant to Section 5.06(d).
Treasury Regulations means the final, temporary, and proposed regulations under the Code promulgated from time to time (including corresponding provisions and succeeding provisions) as in effect for the relevant taxable period.
Units is defined in the recitals of this Agreement.
Valuation Assumptions means, as of an Early Termination Date, the assumptions that
(a) in each Taxable Year ending on or after such Early Termination Date, the Corporation will have sufficient taxable income such that the Corporation would be obligated to make a Tax Benefit Payment in respect of all available Tax Assets in such Taxable Year;
(b) any NOLs and items of loss, deduction, or credit generated by a Basis Adjustment or Imputed Interest arising in a Taxable Year preceding the Taxable Year that includes an Early Termination Date will be used by the Corporation ratably from such Taxable Year through (i) the scheduled expiration of such Tax item or (ii) if there is no such scheduled expiration date, 7 years (provided that in any year in which the Corporation is unable to use the full amount of an NOL because of section 382 of the Code (or any successor provision or other similar limitation) that it otherwise would be deemed to use under this clause (b), the amount deemed to be used for purposes of this clause (b) shall equal the amount permitted to be used in such year under section 382 of the Code (or any successor provision or other similar limitation));
(c) if, at the Early Termination Date, there are Exchangeable Units (as defined in the LLC Agreement) that have not been Exchanged, then each such Unit shall be deemed to be Exchanged for the Exchange Consideration as defined in the LLC Agreement on the Early Termination Date;
(d) any non-amortizable assets are deemed to be disposed of in a fully taxable transaction for U.S. federal income Tax purposes on the fifteenth anniversary of the earlier of the Basis Adjustment and the Early Termination Date; and
(e) the federal income tax rates and state and local income tax rates that will be in effect for each such Taxable Year will be those specified for each such Taxable Year by the Code and other law as in effect on the Early Termination Date, taking into account any scheduled or imminent tax rate increases. For the avoidance of doubt, an imminent tax rate increase is one for which both the amount and the effective time can be determined with reasonable accuracy.
[Signature page follows]
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In witness whereof, the undersigned have executed this Agreement as of the date first set forth above.
THE CORPORATION | ||
GEN Restaurant Group, Inc. | ||
By: | ||
Name: [] | ||
Title: [] | ||
THE COMPANY | ||
GEN Restaurant Companies, LLC | ||
By: | ||
Name: [] | ||
Title: [] |
[Signature Page to Tax Receivable Agreement]
TRA HOLDERS | ||
By: | ||
Name: [] | ||
Title: [] | ||
By: | ||
Name: [] | ||
Title: [] | ||
By: | ||
Name: [] | ||
Title: [] | ||
TRA REPRESENTATIVE | ||
By: | ||
Name: David Kim |
[Signature Page to Tax Receivable Agreement]
Exhibit 10.3
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
BY AND AMONG
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP, INC.
AND
CERTAIN STOCKHOLDERS
DATED AS OF [●], 2023
1
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
This REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT (as it may be amended from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof, the Agreement), dated as of [●], 2023, is made by and among:
i. GEN Restaurant Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the Corporation);
ii. Each Person executing this Agreement on the signature pages hereto (collectively, together with their Permitted Transferees that become party hereto, the Holders).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the Corporation, GEN Restaurant Companies LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Company), and the Holders have effected, or will effect in connection with the closing of the initial public offering (the IPO) of the Corporations Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the Class A Common Stock), a series of reorganization transactions (collectively, the Reorganization Transactions);
WHEREAS, after giving effect to the Reorganization Transactions, the Holders Beneficially Own or will Beneficially Own (x) shares of Class A Common Stock and/or (y) shares of the Corporations Class B common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the Class B Common Stock and, together with the Class A Common Stock, the Common Stock) and Class B units in the Company (Class B Units), which Class B Units, subject to certain conditions, are exchangeable from time to time for shares of Class A Common Stock pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Company (as may be further amended from time to time, the Company Agreement); and
WHEREAS, the parties believe that it is in each of their best interests to set forth their agreements regarding registration rights following the IPO.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual promises, covenants and agreements of the parties hereto, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
EFFECTIVENESS
1.1 Effectiveness. This Agreement shall become effective upon the Closing.
ARTICLE II
DEFINITIONS
2.1 Definitions. As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
2
Adverse Disclosure means public disclosure of material non-public information that, in the good faith judgment of the Board of Directors: (i) would be required to be made in any Registration Statement filed with the SEC by the Corporation so that such Registration Statement, from and after its effective date, does not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; (ii) would reasonably be expected to adversely affect or interfere with any material financing or other material transaction under consideration by the Corporation; or (iii) would not be required to be made at such time but for the filing, effectiveness or continued use of such Registration Statement.
Affiliate means, with respect to any specified Person, any Person that directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, is controlled by or is under common control with, such specified Person. As used in this definition, the term control means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.
Agreement shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble.
Beneficial Ownership has the same meaning given to it in Section 13(d) under the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder, except that, for purposes of this Agreement, no Person shall Beneficially Own any shares of Common Stock to be issued upon the exercise of options, warrants, restricted stock units or similar rights granted pursuant to the Corporations equity compensation plans, unless and until such shares are actually issued. The terms Beneficially Own and Beneficial Owner shall have correlative meanings.
Board of Directors means the board of directors of the Corporation.
Business Day means any calendar day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York, New York or Los Angeles, California are authorized or required to close.
Class A Common Stock shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Class B Common Stock shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Class B Units shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Closing means the closing of the IPO.
Closing Registrable Securities means the total number of Registrable Securities as of the Closing, as adjusted for stock splits, recapitalizations and similar transactions.
Common Stock shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Demand Notice shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(c).
Demand Registration shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(a)(i).
3
Demand Registration Request shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(a)(i).
Exchange means the exchange of Class B Units, together with an equal number of shares of Class B Common Stock, for shares of Class A Common Stock or cash consideration, as applicable, pursuant to the terms of the Company Agreement.
Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
FINRA means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.
Holder shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
IPO shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
Issuer Free Writing Prospectus means an issuer free writing prospectus, as defined in Rule 433 under the Securities Act, relating to an offer of the Registrable Securities.
Loss shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.9(a).
Participation Conditions shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(b).
Permitted Transferee means any Person to whom a Class B Unit Holder has validly transferred Class B Units in accordance with, and not in contravention of, the Company Agreement.
Person means an individual, a corporation, a partnership, a limited liability company, a trust, an unincorporated organization, a government or any department or agency thereof or any entity similar to any of the foregoing.
Piggyback Notice shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.3(a).
Piggyback Registration shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.3(a).
Potential Takedown Participant shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(b).
Pro Rata Portion means, with respect to each Holder requesting that its shares be registered or sold, a number of such shares equal to the aggregate number of Registrable Securities requested to be registered (excluding any shares to be registered or sold for the account of the Corporation) multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the aggregate number of Registrable Securities then held by such Holder, and the denominator of which is the aggregate number of Registrable Securities then held by all Holders requesting that their Registrable Securities be registered or sold.
Prospectus means (i) the prospectus included in any Registration Statement, all amendments and supplements to such prospectus, including post-effective amendments and supplements, and all other material incorporated by reference in such prospectus, and (ii) any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus.
4
Public Offering means the offer and sale of Registrable Securities for cash pursuant to an effective Registration Statement under the Securities Act (other than a Registration Statement on Form S-4 or Form S-8 or any successor form).
Qualified Holder means any of any Person party to this Agreement Beneficially Owning at least Registrable Securities (as such number may be adjusted in respect of any stock dividend, stock split, combination of shares, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization).
Registrable Securities means (i) all shares of Class A Common Stock that are not then subject to vesting or forfeiture to the Corporation, (ii) all shares of Class A Common Stock issued or issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange of any option, warrant or convertible security (including shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon an Exchange) not then subject to vesting or forfeiture to the Corporation and (iii) all shares of Class A Common Stock directly or indirectly issued or then issuable with respect to the securities referred to in clauses (i) or (ii) above by way of unit or stock dividend or unit or stock split, or in connection with a combination of units or shares, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization. As to any particular Registrable Securities, such securities shall cease to be Registrable Securities when (w) a Registration Statement with respect to the sale of such securities shall have become effective under the Securities Act and such securities shall have been disposed of in accordance with such Registration Statement, (x) such securities shall have been transferred pursuant to Rule 144, (y) such Holder is able to immediately sell such securities (including all shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon Exchange, subject to the conditions on Exchange set forth in Article XII of the Company Agreement) under Rule 144 without any volume or manner of sale restrictions thereunder, as determined in the reasonable opinion of the Corporation (it being understood that a written opinion of the Corporations outside legal counsel to the effect that such securities may be so offered and sold, and that any restrictive legends on the securities may be removed, shall be conclusive evidence this clause has been satisfied), or (z) such securities shall have ceased to be outstanding.
Registration means registration under the Securities Act of the offer and sale of shares of Class A Common Stock under a Registration Statement. The terms register, registered and registering shall have correlative meanings.
Registration Expenses shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.8.
Registration Statement means any registration statement of the Corporation filed with, or to be filed with, the SEC under the Securities Act, including the related Prospectus, amendments and supplements to such registration statement (including pre- and post-effective amendments) and all exhibits and material incorporated by reference in such registration statement, other than a registration statement (and related Prospectus) filed on Form S-4 or Form S-8 or any successor forms thereto.
Reorganization Transactions shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Representatives means, with respect to any Person, any of such Persons officers, directors, employees, agents, attorneys, accountants, actuaries, consultants, equity financing partners or financial advisors or other Person associated with, or acting on behalf of, such Person.
5
Rule 144 means Rule 144 under the Securities Act (or any successor rule).
S-3 ASR Supplement shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(a).
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and any successor thereto, and any rules or regulations promulgated thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect from time to time.
Selling Stockholder Information shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.9(a).
Shelf Registration means any Registration pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act.
Shelf Registration Request shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(a)(ii).
Shelf Registration Statement means a Registration Statement filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act.
Shelf Takedown Notice shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(b).
Shelf Takedown Request shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(a).
Suspension shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(f).
Trading Day means a day on which the principal U.S. securities exchange on which the Class A Common Stock is listed or admitted to trading is open for the transaction of business (unless such trading shall have been suspended for the entire day) or, if the Class A Common Stock is not listed or admitted to trading on such an exchange, Trading Day shall mean a Business Day.
Transfer means, with respect to any Registrable Security, any interest therein, or any other securities or equity interests relating thereto, a direct or indirect transfer, sale, exchange, assignment, pledge, hypothecation or other encumbrance or other disposition thereof, including the grant of an option or other right, whether directly or indirectly, whether voluntarily, involuntarily, by operation of law, pursuant to judicial process or otherwise. Transferred shall have a correlative meaning.
Underwritten Offering means an underwritten offering, including any bought deal or block sale to a financial institution conducted as an Underwritten Offering.
Underwritten Shelf Takedown means an Underwritten Offering pursuant to an effective Shelf Registration Statement.
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WKSI means any Securities Act registrant that is a well-known seasoned issuer as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act at the most recent eligibility determination date specified in paragraph (2) of that definition.
2.2 Other Interpretive Provisions.
(i) The meanings of defined terms are equally applicable to the singular and plural forms of the defined terms.
(ii) The words hereof, herein, hereunder and similar words refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement; and any subsection and section references are to this Agreement unless otherwise specified.
(iii) The term including is not limiting and means including without limitation.
(iv) The captions and headings of this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not affect the interpretation of this Agreement.
(v) Whenever the context requires, any pronouns used herein shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine or neuter forms.
ARTICLE III
REGISTRATION RIGHTS
The Corporation will perform and comply, and cause each of its subsidiaries to perform and comply, with such of the following provisions as are applicable to them. Each Holder will perform and comply with such of the following provisions as are applicable to such Holder.
3.1 Demand Registration.
(a) Request for Demand Registration.
(i) Following the first anniversary of the Closing date of the IPO1, any Qualified Holder shall have the right, for itself or together with one or more other Qualified Holders, to make a written request from time to time (a Demand Registration Request) to the Corporation for Registration of all or part of the Registrable Securities held by that Qualified Holder (a Demand Registration).
(ii) Each Demand Registration Request shall specify (x) the aggregate amount of Registrable Securities proposed to be registered, (y) the intended method or methods of disposition thereof, and (z) whether the Demand Registration Request is for an Underwritten Offering or a Shelf Registration (a Shelf Registration Request).
1 | NTD: Consider whether to allow for underwritten demand on S-1 six months following IPO (with no shelf rights until one year for S-3 eligibility purposes). |
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(iii) If a Demand Registration Request is for a Shelf Registration, and the Corporation is eligible to file a Registration Statement on Form S-3, the Corporation shall promptly file with the SEC a Shelf Registration Statement on Form S-3 pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act relating to the offer and sale of Registrable Securities by the Holders from time to time in accordance with the methods of distribution elected by the Qualified Holders Beneficially Owning a majority of Registrable Securities participating in the Registration, subject to all applicable provisions of this Agreement.
(iv) If the Demand Registration Request is for a Shelf Registration and the Corporation is not eligible to file a Registration Statement on Form S-3, the Corporation shall promptly file with the SEC a Shelf Registration Statement on Form S-1 or any other form that the Corporation is then permitted to use pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act (or such other Registration Statement as the Board of Directors may determine to be appropriate) relating to the offer and sale of Registrable Securities by the Holders from time to time in accordance with the methods of distribution elected by the Qualified Holders Beneficially Owning a majority of Registrable Securities participating in the Registration.
(v) If on the date of the Shelf Registration Request the Corporation is a WKSI, then any Shelf Registration Statement may (if the Board of Directors determines it to be appropriate to do so) include an unspecified amount of Registrable Securities to be sold by unspecified Holders. If on the date of the Shelf Registration Request the Corporation is not a WKSI, then the Shelf Registration Request shall specify the aggregate amount of Registrable Securities to be registered and the selling Holders.
(b) Limitation on Registrations. The Corporation shall not be obligated to take any action to effect any Demand Registration if (i) a Demand Registration or Piggyback Registration was declared effective or an Underwritten Offering was consummated by either the Corporation or any Holders within the preceding 90 days; (ii) the Corporation has filed another Registration Statement (other than on Form S-8 or Form S-4 or any successor thereto) that has not yet become effective; or (iii) the value of the Registrable Securities proposed to be sold by the initiating Qualified Holders, together with the Registrable Securities proposed to be sold by other Holders, is not reasonably expected (in the good faith judgment of the Board of Directors) to yield net proceeds of at least $[●] million, or in the case of an Underwritten Offering, of at least $[●] million. No Demand Registration Request may cover Registrable Securities that are issuable upon Exchange under and pursuant to the terms of the Company Agreement if the Company Agreement would not, on the date of the Demand Registration Request, then permit such Exchange, except with the approval of the Corporations Board of Directors.
(c) Demand Notice. Promptly upon receipt of a Demand Registration Request pursuant to Section 3.1(a) (but in no event more than ten Business Days thereafter), the Corporation shall deliver a written notice (a Demand Notice) of the Demand Registration Request to all other Holders offering each such Holder the opportunity to include in the Demand Registration that number of Registrable Securities as the Holder may request in writing. Subject to Sections 3.1(g) and 3.1(h), the Corporation shall include in the Demand Registration all such Registrable Securities with respect to which the Corporation has received written requests for inclusion therein within five Business Days after the date that the Demand Notice was delivered.
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(d) Demand Withdrawal. Each Holder that has requested the inclusion of Registrable Securities in a Registration (other than a Registration in connection with a Public Offering) pursuant to Section 3.1(c) may withdraw all or any portion of its Registrable Securities from that Registration at any time prior to the effectiveness of the applicable Registration Statement by delivering written notice to the Corporation. Upon receipt of a notice or notices withdrawing (i) all of the Registrable Securities included in that Registration Statement by the Holder(s) or (ii) a number of such Registrable Securities so as to cause the expected net proceeds to fall below the applicable threshold set forth in Section 3.1(b), the Corporation shall cease all efforts to secure effectiveness of the applicable Registration Statement or amend the applicable Registration Statement to exclude the withdrawn Registrable Securities.
(e) Effectiveness.
(i) The Corporation shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause any Registration Statement filed by it pursuant to this Agreement to become effective as promptly as practicable, subject to all applicable provisions of this Agreement.
(ii) The Corporation shall use commercially reasonable efforts to keep any Shelf Registration Statement filed on Form S-3 continuously effective under the Securities Act to permit the Prospectus forming a part of it to be usable by Holders until the earlier of: (A) the date as of which all Registrable Securities have been sold pursuant to that Shelf Registration Statement or another Registration Statement filed under the Securities Act (but in no event prior to the applicable period referred to in Section 4(a)(3) of the Securities Act and Rule 174 thereunder); (B) the date as of which no Holder whose Registrable Securities are registered on such Form S-3 holds Registrable Securities; (C) any date reasonably determined by the Board of Directors of the Corporation to be appropriate, excluding any date that is fewer than 180 days after the effectiveness of the Registration Statement; or (D) the third anniversary of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement.
(iii) If the Registration Statement filed is a Shelf Registration Statement on any form other than Form S-3, or if the Registration Statement is filed in connection with an Underwritten Offering, the Corporation shall use commercially reasonable efforts to keep the Registration Statement effective for a period of at least 180 days after the effective date thereof, such other period as the underwriters for any Underwritten Offering may determine to be appropriate, or such shorter period during which all Registrable Securities included in the Registration Statement have actually been sold; provided that such period shall be extended for a period of time equal to the period the Holders of Registrable Securities may be required to refrain from selling any securities included in the Registration Statement at either the request of the Corporation or an underwriter of the Corporation pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.
(f) Delay in Filing; Suspension of Registration. If the filing, initial effectiveness or continued use of a Registration Statement at any time would require the Corporation to make an Adverse Disclosure, the Corporation may, upon giving prompt written notice of such action to the Holders, delay the filing or initial effectiveness of, or suspend use of, the Registration Statement (a Suspension); provided, however, that the Corporation shall use
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all commercially reasonable efforts to avoid exercising a Suspension (i) for a period exceeding 60 days on any one occasion or (ii) for an aggregate of more than 120 days in any 12-month period. In the case of a Suspension, the Holders agree to suspend use of the applicable Prospectus in connection with any sale or purchase, or offer to sell or purchase, Registrable Securities, upon receipt of the notice referred to above. The Corporation shall immediately notify the Holders in writing upon the termination of any Suspension. Such notice shall be confidential information of the Corporation and each Holder shall not disclose to any Person the fact of the Suspension except as required by applicable law, rule or regulation. The Corporation shall, if necessary, amend or supplement the Prospectus so it does not contain any untrue statement or omission and furnish to the Holders such numbers of copies of the Prospectus as so amended or supplemented as the Holders may reasonably request. The Corporation shall, if necessary, supplement or amend the Registration Statement, if required by the registration form used by the Corporation for the Registration Statement or by the instructions applicable to such registration form or by the Securities Act or the rules or regulations promulgated thereunder or as may reasonably be requested by the Holders of a majority of Registrable Securities that are included in such Registration Statement.
(g) Priority of Securities Registered Pursuant to Shelf Registrations. If the Board of Directors of the Corporation concludes in good faith that the number of securities requested to be included in a Shelf Registration exceeds the number that can be sold without being likely to have an adverse effect on the price, timing or distribution of the securities offered or the market for the securities offered, then the securities to be included in such Registration shall be (i) first, allocated to each Holder that has requested to participate in such Registration an amount equal to the lesser of (x) the number of such Registrable Securities requested to be registered or sold by such Holder, and (y) a number of such shares equal to such Holders Pro Rata Portion, and (ii) second, and only if all the securities referred to in clause (i) have been included, the number of other securities that, in the opinion of the Board of Directors of the Corporation can be sold without having such adverse effect. If a cutback pursuant to this Section 3.1(g) or Section 3.1(h) would cause an applicable dollar threshold set forth in Section 3.1(b)(iii) not to be met with respect to the Demand Registration, Section 3.1(b)(iii) shall not apply to that Demand Registration.
(h) Priority of Securities in Underwritten Offerings. If the managing underwriter or underwriters of any proposed Underwritten Offering advise the Corporation in writing that, in its or their opinion, the number of securities requested to be included in the proposed offering exceeds the number that can be sold in that offering without being likely to have an adverse effect on the price, timing or distribution of the securities offered or the market for the securities offered, the number of Registrable Securities to be included shall be (i) first, allocated to each Holder that has requested to participate in such Underwritten Offering an amount equal to the lesser of (x) the number of such Registrable Securities requested to be registered or sold by such Holder, and (y) a number of such shares equal to such Holders Pro Rata Portion, and (ii) second, and only if all securities referred to in clause (i) have been included, the number of other securities that, in the opinion of such managing underwriter or underwriters, can be sold without having such adverse effect.
(i) Conditions to Participation. No Person may participate in any Underwritten Offering hereunder unless that Person agrees to sell the Registrable Securities it
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desires to have covered by the applicable Registration Statement on the basis provided in any underwriting arrangements in customary form and completes and executes all questionnaires, powers of attorney, indemnities, underwriting agreements, and other documents required under the terms of the underwriting arrangements; provided that no Person shall be required to make representations and warranties other than those related to title and ownership of their shares and as to the accuracy and completeness of statements made in a Registration Statement, Prospectus, offering circular, or other document in reliance upon and conformity with written information furnished to the Corporation or the managing underwriter by such Person.
(j) Resale Rights. In the event that a Holder that is a partnership, limited liability company, trust or similar entity requests to participate in a Registration pursuant to this Section 3.1 in connection with a distribution of Registrable Securities to its partners, members or beneficiaries, the Registration shall provide for resale by such partners, members or beneficiaries, if approved by the Board of Directors.
3.2 Shelf Takedowns.
(a) At any time the Corporation has an effective Shelf Registration Statement with respect to Registrable Securities, a Qualified Holder, by notice to the Corporation specifying the intended method or methods of disposition thereof, may make a written request (a Shelf Takedown Request) that (i) the Corporation effect an Underwritten Shelf Takedown of all or a portion of such Qualified Holders Registrable Securities that are registered on such Shelf Registration Statement, and as soon as practicable thereafter or (ii) if the Corporation is a WKSI and has filed a Registration Statement on Form S-3ASR, the Corporation file a prospectus supplement with respect to the resale of Registrable Securities held by the Qualified Holder (the S-3 ASR Supplement), the Corporation shall amend or supplement the Shelf Registration Statement as necessary for such purpose, subject to all applicable provisions of this Agreement.
(b) Promptly upon receipt of a Shelf Takedown Request (but in no event more than two Business Days thereafter (or such shorter period as may be reasonably requested in connection with an underwritten block trade)) for any Underwritten Shelf Takedown, the Corporation shall deliver a notice (a Shelf Takedown Notice) to each other Holder with Registrable Securities covered by the applicable Registration Statement, or to all other Holders if such Registration Statement is undesignated (each a Potential Takedown Participant). The Shelf Takedown Notice shall offer each such Potential Takedown Participant the opportunity to include in any Underwritten Shelf Takedown or the S-3 ASR Supplement such number of Registrable Securities as each such Potential Takedown Participant may request in writing. The Corporation shall include in the Underwritten Shelf Takedown or the S-3 ASR Supplement all such Registrable Securities with respect to which the Corporation has received written requests for inclusion therein within three Business Days (or such shorter period as may be reasonably requested in connection with an underwritten block trade) after the date that the Shelf Takedown Notice has been delivered. Any Potential Takedown Participants request to participate in an Underwritten Shelf Takedown shall be binding on the Potential Takedown Participant; provided that each such Potential Takedown Participant that elects to participate may condition its participation on the Underwritten Shelf Takedown being completed within 10 Business Days of its acceptance at a price per share (after giving effect to any underwriters discounts or commissions) to such Potential Takedown Participant of not less than ninety percent
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(90%) (or such lesser percentage specified by such Potential Takedown Participant) of the closing price for the shares on their principal trading market on the Business Day immediately prior to such Potential Takedown Participants election to participate (the Participation Conditions). Notwithstanding the delivery of any Shelf Takedown Notice, but subject to the Participation Conditions (to the extent applicable), all determinations as to whether to complete any Underwritten Shelf Takedown and as to the timing, manner, price and other terms of any Underwritten Shelf Takedown contemplated by this Section 3.2 shall be determined by the Qualified Holders Beneficially Owning a majority of Registrable Securities participating in the Registration, subject to approval by the Corporation, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed.
3.3 Piggyback Registration.
(a) Participation. If the Corporation at any time proposes to file a Registration Statement under the Securities Act or to conduct a Public Offering with respect to any offering of its equity securities for its own account or for the account of any other Persons (other than (i) a Registration under Sections 3.1 or 3.2, (ii) a Registration on Form S-4 or Form S-8 or any successor form to such forms, (iii) a Registration of securities solely relating to an offering and sale to employees or directors of the Corporation or its subsidiaries pursuant to any employee stock plan, employee stock purchase plan, or other employee benefit plan arrangement, (iv) a Registration solely for the registration of securities issuable upon the conversion, exchange or exercise of any then outstanding security of the Corporation or (v) a Registration relating to a dividend reinvestment plan), then as soon as practicable (but in no event less than 10 Business Days prior to the proposed date of filing of such Registration Statement or, in the case of a Public Offering under a Shelf Registration Statement, the anticipated pricing or trade date), the Corporation shall give written notice (a Piggyback Notice) of such proposed filing or Public Offering to all Holders, and such Piggyback Notice shall offer the Holders the opportunity to register under such Registration Statement, or to sell in such Public Offering, such number of Registrable Securities as each such Holder may request in writing (a Piggyback Registration). The Corporation shall not be required to provide a Piggyback Notice to Holders of any Registrable Securities that are already registered pursuant to an effective Registration Statement. Subject to Section 3.3(b), the Corporation shall include in such Registration Statement or in such Public Offering as applicable, all such Registrable Securities that are requested to be included therein within five Business Days after the receipt by such Holder of any such notice; provided, however, that if at any time after giving written notice of its intention to register or sell any securities and prior to the effective date of the Registration Statement filed in connection with such Registration, or the pricing or trade date of a Public Offering under a Shelf Registration Statement, the Corporation determines for any reason not to register or sell or to delay Registration or the sale of such securities, the Corporation shall give written notice of such determination to each Holder and, thereupon, (i) in the case of a determination not to register or sell, shall be relieved of its obligation to register or sell any Registrable Securities in connection with such Registration or Public Offering (but not from its obligation to pay the Registration Expenses in connection therewith), without prejudice, however, to the rights of any Holders entitled to request that such Registration or sale be effected as a Demand Registration under Section 3.1 or an Underwritten Shelf Takedown, as the case may be, and (ii) in the case of a determination to delay Registration or sale, in the absence of a request for a Demand Registration or an Underwritten Shelf Takedown, as the case may be, shall
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also be permitted to delay registering or selling any Registrable Securities. Any Holder shall have the right to withdraw all or part of its request for inclusion of its Registrable Securities in a Piggyback Registration by giving written notice to the Corporation of its request to withdraw prior to such Registration the securities being registered in such Piggyback Registration.
(b) Priority of Piggyback Registration. If the managing underwriter or underwriters of any proposed offering of Registrable Securities included in a Piggyback Registration informs the Corporation and the participating Holders in writing that, in its or their opinion, the number of securities that such Holders and any other Persons intend to include in such offering exceeds the number that can be sold in such offering without being likely to have a significant adverse effect on the price, timing or distribution of the securities offered or the market for the securities offered, then the securities to be included in such Registration shall be (i) first, one hundred percent (100%) of the securities that the Corporation proposes to sell, and (ii) second, and only if all the securities referred to in clause (i) have been included, the number of Registrable Securities that, in the opinion of such managing underwriter or underwriters, can be sold without having such adverse effect, with such number to be allocated among the Holders that have requested to participate in such Registration based on an amount equal to the lesser of (x) the number of such Registrable Securities requested to be sold by such Holder, and (y) a number of such shares equal to such Holders Pro Rata Portion and (iii) third, and only if all of the Registrable Securities referred to in clause (ii) have been included in such Registration, any other securities eligible for inclusion in such Registration.
(c) No Effect on Other Registrations. No Registration of Registrable Securities effected pursuant to this Section 3.3 shall be deemed to have been effected pursuant to Section 3.1 or shall relieve the Corporation of its obligations under Section 3.1.
3.4 Lock-Up Agreements. In connection with each Registration or sale of Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 3.1 or Section 3.3 conducted as an Underwritten Offering, each Holder agrees hereby not to, and agrees to execute and deliver a lock-up agreement with the underwriter(s) of such Public Offering restricting such Holders right to, (a) Transfer, directly or indirectly, any equity securities of the Corporation held by such Holder or (b) enter into any swap or other arrangement that Transfers to another any of the economic consequences of ownership of such securities during the period commencing on the date of the final Prospectus relating to such Public Offering and ending on the date specified by the underwriters (such period not to exceed 90 days plus such additional period as may be requested by the Corporation or an underwriter due to regulatory restrictions on the publication or other distribution of research reports and analyst recommendations and opinions, if applicable). The terms of such lock-up agreements shall be negotiated among the Holders, the Corporation and the underwriters and shall include customary carve-outs from the restrictions on Transfer set forth therein.
3.5 Registration Procedures.
(a) Requirements. In connection with the Corporations obligations under Sections 3.1 and 3.3, the Corporation shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to effect such Registration and to permit the sale of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method or methods of distribution thereof as expeditiously as reasonably practicable, and in connection therewith the Corporation shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to:
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(i) as promptly as practicable, prepare the required Registration Statement, including all exhibits and financial statements required under the Securities Act to be filed therewith and Prospectus, and, before filing a Registration Statement or Prospectus or any amendments or supplements thereto, (x) furnish to the underwriters, if any, and to the Holders of the Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement, copies of all documents prepared to be filed, which documents shall be subject to the reasonable review of such underwriters and such Holders and their respective counsel, (y) make such changes in such documents concerning the Holders prior to the filing thereof as such Holders, or their counsel, may reasonably request and (z) except in the case of a Registration under Section 3.3, not file any Registration Statement or Prospectus or amendments or supplements thereto to which the Qualified Holders Beneficially Owning a majority of Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement, in such capacity, or the underwriters, if any, shall reasonably object;
(ii) prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and post-effective amendments to such Registration Statement and supplements to the Prospectus as may be (x) reasonably requested by the Qualified Holders Beneficially Owning a majority of Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement, (y) reasonably requested by any participating Holder (to the extent such request relates to information relating to such Holder), or (z) necessary to keep such Registration Statement effective for the period of time required by this Agreement, and comply with provisions of the applicable securities laws with respect to the sale or other disposition of all securities covered by such Registration Statement during such period in accordance with the intended method or methods of disposition by the sellers thereof set forth in such Registration Statement;
(iii) notify the participating Holders and the managing underwriter or underwriters, if any, and (if requested) confirm such notice in writing and provide copies of the relevant documents, as soon as reasonably practicable after notice thereof is received by the Corporation (a) when the applicable Registration Statement or any amendment thereto has been filed or becomes effective, and when the applicable Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto has been filed, (b) of any written comments by the SEC, or any request by the SEC or other federal or state governmental authority for amendments or supplements to such Registration Statement or such Prospectus, or for additional information (whether before or after the effective date of the Registration Statement) or any other correspondence with the SEC relating to, or which may affect, the Registration, (c) of the issuance by the SEC of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of such Registration Statement or any order by the SEC or any other regulatory authority preventing or suspending the use of any preliminary or final Prospectus or the initiation or threatening of any proceedings for such purposes, (d) if, at any time, the representations and warranties of the Corporation in any applicable underwriting agreement cease to be true and correct in all material respects and (e) of the receipt by the Corporation of any notification with respect to the Suspension of the qualification of the Registrable Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose;
(iv) promptly notify each selling Holder and the managing underwriter or underwriters, if any, when the Corporation becomes aware of the happening of any
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event as a result of which the applicable Registration Statement or the Prospectus included in such Registration Statement (as then in effect) contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of such Prospectus or any preliminary Prospectus, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, when any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus includes information that may conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement, or, if for any other reason it shall be necessary during such time period to amend or supplement such Registration Statement or Prospectus in order to comply with the Securities Act and, as promptly as reasonably practicable thereafter, prepare and file with the SEC, and furnish without charge to the selling Holders and the managing underwriter or underwriters, if any, an amendment or supplement to such Registration Statement or Prospectus, which shall correct such misstatement or omission or effect such compliance;
(v) to the extent the Corporation is eligible under the relevant provisions of Rule 430B under the Securities Act, if the Corporation files any Shelf Registration Statement, include in such Shelf Registration Statement such disclosures as may be required by Rule 430B under the Securities Act (referring to the unnamed selling security holders in a generic manner by identifying the initial offering of the securities to the Holders) in order to ensure that the Holders may be added to such Shelf Registration Statement at a later time through the filing of a Prospectus supplement rather than a post-effective amendment;
(vi) prevent, or obtain the withdrawal of, any stop order or other order or notice preventing or suspending the use of any preliminary or final Prospectus;
(vii) promptly incorporate in a Prospectus supplement, Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or post-effective amendment such information as the managing underwriter or underwriters and the participating Holders agree should be included therein relating to the plan of distribution with respect to such Registrable Securities; and make all required filings of such Prospectus supplement, Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or post-effective amendment as soon as reasonably practicable after being notified of the matters to be incorporated in such Prospectus supplement, Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or post-effective amendment;
(viii) furnish to each selling Holder and each underwriter, if any, without charge, as many conformed copies as such Holder or underwriter may reasonably request of the applicable Registration Statement and any amendment or post-effective amendment or supplement thereto, including financial statements and schedules, all documents incorporated therein by reference and all exhibits (including those incorporated by reference);
(ix) deliver to each selling Holder and each underwriter, if any, without charge, as many copies of the applicable Prospectus (including each preliminary Prospectus) and any amendment or supplement thereto and such other documents as such Holder or underwriter may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of the Registrable Securities by such Holder or underwriter (it being understood that the
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Corporation shall consent to the use of such Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto by each of the selling Holders and the underwriters, if any, in connection with the offering and sale of the Registrable Securities covered by such Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto);
(x) on or prior to the date on which the applicable Registration Statement becomes effective, use its commercially reasonable efforts to register or qualify, and cooperate with the selling Holders, the managing underwriter or underwriters, if any, and their respective counsel, in connection with the Registration or qualification of, such Registrable Securities for offer and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of each state and other jurisdiction as any such selling Holder or managing underwriter or underwriters, if any, or their respective counsel reasonably request in writing and do any and all other acts or things reasonably necessary or advisable to keep such Registration or qualification in effect for such period as required by Section 3.1, as applicable, provided that the Corporation shall not be required to qualify generally to do business in any jurisdiction where it is not then so qualified or to take any action which would subject it to taxation or general service of process in any such jurisdiction where it is not then so subject;
(xi) cooperate with the selling Holders and the managing underwriter or underwriters, if any, to facilitate the timely preparation and delivery of certificates representing Registrable Securities to be sold and not bearing any restrictive legends; and enable such Registrable Securities to be in such denominations and registered in such names as the managing underwriters may request prior to any sale of Registrable Securities to the underwriters;
(xii) cause the Registrable Securities covered by the applicable Registration Statement to be registered with or approved by such other U.S. governmental agencies or authorities as may be necessary to enable the seller or sellers thereof or the underwriter or underwriters, if any, to consummate the disposition of such Registrable Securities;
(xiii) make such representations and warranties to the Holders being registered, and the underwriters or agents, if any, in form, substance and scope as are customarily made by issuers in public offerings similar to the offering then being undertaken;
(xiv) enter into such customary agreements (including underwriting and indemnification agreements) and take all such other actions as the participating Holders or the managing underwriter or underwriters, if any, reasonably request in order to expedite or facilitate the Registration and disposition of such Registrable Securities;
(xv) in the case of an Underwritten Offering, obtain for delivery to the underwriter or underwriters, if any, an opinion or opinions from counsel for the Corporation dated the date of the closing under the underwriting agreement, in customary form, scope and substance, which opinions shall be reasonably satisfactory to such underwriters and their counsel;
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(xvi) in the case of an Underwritten Offering, obtain for delivery to the Corporation and the managing underwriter or underwriters, with copies to the Holders included in such Registration or sale, a comfort letter from the Corporations independent certified public accountants or independent auditors (and, if necessary, any other independent certified public accountants or independent auditors of any subsidiary of the Corporation or any business acquired by the Corporation for which financial statements and financial data are, or are required to be, included in the Registration Statement) in customary form and covering such matters of the type customarily covered by comfort letters as the managing underwriter or underwriters reasonably request, dated the date of execution of the underwriting agreement and brought down to the closing under the underwriting agreement;
(xvii) cooperate with each seller of Registrable Securities and each underwriter, if any, participating in the disposition of such Registrable Securities and their respective counsel in connection with any filings required to be made with FINRA;
(xviii) comply with all applicable securities laws and, if a Registration Statement was filed, make available to its security holders, as soon as reasonably practicable, an earnings statement satisfying the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder;
(xix) provide and cause to be maintained a transfer agent and registrar for all Registrable Securities covered by the applicable Registration Statement;
(xx) cause all Registrable Securities covered by the applicable Registration Statement to be listed on each securities exchange on which any of the Corporations equity securities are then listed or quoted and on each inter-dealer quotation system on which any of the Corporations equity securities are then quoted.
(xxi) make available upon reasonable notice at reasonable times and for reasonable periods for inspection by any underwriter participating in any disposition to be effected pursuant to such Registration Statement and by any attorney, accountant or other agent retained by any such underwriter, all pertinent financial and other records and pertinent corporate documents and properties of the Corporation, and cause all of the Corporations officers, directors and employees and the independent public accountants who have certified its financial statements to make themselves available to discuss the business of the Corporation and to supply all information reasonably requested by any such Person in connection with such Registration Statement;
(xxii) in the case of an Underwritten Offering, cause the senior executive officers of the Corporation to participate in the customary road show presentations that may be reasonably requested by the managing underwriter or underwriters in any such offering and otherwise to facilitate, cooperate with, and participate in each proposed offering contemplated herein and customary selling efforts related thereto;
(xxiii) take no direct or indirect action prohibited by Regulation M under the Exchange Act; and
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(xxiv) take all such other commercially reasonable actions as are necessary or advisable in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
(b) Corporation Information Requests. The Corporation may require each seller of Registrable Securities as to which any Registration or sale is being effected to furnish to the Corporation such information regarding the distribution of such securities and such other information relating to such Holder and its ownership of Registrable Securities as the Corporation may from time to time reasonably request in writing, and the Corporation may exclude from such Registration or sale the Registrable Securities of any such Holder who unreasonably fails to furnish such information within a reasonable time after receiving such request. Each Holder agrees to furnish such information to the Corporation and to cooperate with the Corporation as reasonably necessary to enable the Corporation to comply with the provisions of this Agreement.
(c) Discontinuing Registration. Each Holder agrees that, upon receipt of any notice from the Corporation of the happening of any event of the kind described in Section 3.5(a)(iv), such Holder will discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities pursuant to such Registration Statement until such Holders receipt of the copies of the supplemented or amended Prospectus contemplated by Section 3.5(a)(iv), or until such Holder is advised in writing by the Corporation that the use of the Prospectus may be resumed, and has received copies of any additional or supplemental filings that are incorporated by reference in the Prospectus, or any amendments or supplements thereto, and if so directed by the Corporation, such Holder shall deliver to the Corporation (at the Corporations expense) all copies, other than permanent file copies then in such Holders possession, of the Prospectus covering such Registrable Securities current at the time of receipt of such notice. In the event the Corporation shall give any such notice, the period during which the applicable Registration Statement is required to be maintained effective shall be extended by the number of days during the period from and including the date of the giving of such notice to and including the date when each seller of Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement either receives the copies of the supplemented or amended Prospectus contemplated by Section 3.5(a)(iv) or is advised in writing by the Corporation that the use of the Prospectus may be resumed.
3.6 Underwritten Offerings.
(a) Shelf and Demand Registrations. If requested by the underwriters for any Underwritten Offering, pursuant to a Registration or sale under Section 3.1, the Corporation shall enter into an underwriting agreement with such underwriters, such agreement to be reasonably satisfactory in substance and form to each of the Corporation, the participating Holders and the underwriters, and to contain such representations and warranties by the Corporation and such other terms as are generally prevailing in agreements of that type, including indemnities no less favorable to the recipient thereof than those provided in Section 3.9. The Holders of the Registrable Securities proposed to be distributed by such underwriters shall cooperate with the Corporation in the negotiation of the underwriting agreement and shall give consideration to the reasonable suggestions of the Corporation regarding the form thereof, and such Holders shall complete and execute all questionnaires, powers of attorney and other documents reasonably requested by the underwriters and required under the terms of such underwriting arrangements.
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Any such Holder shall not be required to make any representations or warranties to or agreements with the Corporation or the underwriters other than representations, warranties or agreements regarding such Holder, such Holders title to the Registrable Securities, such Holders intended method of distribution and any other representations to be made by the Holder as are generally prevailing in agreements of that type, and the aggregate amount of the liability of such Holder under such agreement shall not exceed such Holders proceeds from the sale of its Registrable Securities in the offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions but before expenses.
(b) Piggyback Registrations. If the Corporation proposes to register or sell any of its securities under the Securities Act as contemplated by Section 3.3 and such securities are to be distributed through one or more underwriters, the Corporation shall, if requested by any Holder pursuant to Section 3.3, and subject to the provisions of Section 3.3(b), use its commercially reasonable efforts to arrange for such underwriters to include on the same terms and conditions that apply to the other sellers in such Registration or sale all the Registrable Securities to be offered and sold by such Holder among the securities of the Corporation to be distributed by such underwriters in such Registration or sale. The Holders of Registrable Securities to be distributed by such underwriters shall be parties to the underwriting agreement between the Corporation and such underwriters and shall complete and execute all questionnaires, powers of attorney and other documents reasonably requested by the underwriters and required under the terms of such underwriting arrangements. Any such Holder shall not be required to make any representations or warranties to or agreements with the Corporation or the underwriters other than representations, warranties or agreements regarding such Holder, such Holders title to the Registrable Securities, such Holders intended method of distribution and any other representations to be made by the Holder as are generally prevailing in agreements of that type, and the aggregate amount of the liability of such Holder shall not exceed such Holders proceeds from the sale of its Registrable Securities in the offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions but before expenses.
(c) Selection of Underwriters. In the case of an Underwritten Offering under Section 3.1, Section 3.2 or Section 3.3, the managing underwriter or underwriters to administer the offering shall be determined by the Corporation; provided that, in the case of an Underwritten Offering under Section 3.1 or Section 3.2, such underwriter or underwriters shall be reasonably acceptable to the Holders holding a majority of the Registrable Securities being sold.
3.7 No Inconsistent Agreements. Neither the Corporation nor any of its subsidiaries shall hereafter enter into, and neither the Corporation nor any of its subsidiaries is currently a party to, any agreement with respect to its securities that is inconsistent with the rights granted to the Holders by this Agreement.
3.8 Registration Expenses. All expenses incident to the Corporations performance of or compliance with this Agreement shall be paid by the Corporation, including (i) all registration and filing fees, and any other fees and expenses associated with filings required to be made with the SEC or FINRA, subject to customary limitations for legal fees in connection with an Underwritten Offering, (ii) all fees and expenses in connection with compliance with any securities or Blue Sky laws (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the underwriters in connection with blue sky qualifications of the Registrable Securities), subject to
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customary limitations for legal fees in connection with an Underwritten Offering, (iii) all printing, duplicating, word processing, messenger, telephone, facsimile and delivery expenses (including expenses of printing certificates for the Registrable Securities in a form eligible for deposit with The Depository Trust Company and of printing prospectuses), (iv) all fees and disbursements of counsel for the Corporation and of all independent certified public accountants or independent auditors of the Corporation and any subsidiaries of the Corporation (including the expenses of any special audit and comfort letters required by or incident to such performance), (v) the reasonable fees and disbursements of one counsel for the Holders participating in a Registration, which counsel may be, at the Corporations option (x) the same as counsel to the Corporation provided that the Holders of a majority of Registrable Securities participating in the Registration are not able to demonstrate that there is a legal conflict arising from such representation or (y) other counsel selected by the Corporation and approved by the Holders of a majority of Registrable Securities participating in the Registration, (vi) all fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing of the Registrable Securities on any securities exchange or quotation of the Registrable Securities on any inter-dealer quotation system, (vii) all fees and expenses of any special experts or other Persons retained by the Corporation in connection with any Registration or sale, (viii) all of the Corporations internal expenses (including all salaries and expenses of its officers and employees performing legal or accounting duties) and (ix) all expenses related to the road show for any Underwritten Offering, subject to customary limitations in connection with an Underwritten Offering. All such expenses are referred to herein as Registration Expenses. The Corporation shall not be required to pay any fees and disbursements to underwriters not customarily paid by the issuers of securities in an offering similar to the applicable offering, including underwriting discounts and commissions and transfer taxes, if any, attributable to the sale of Registrable Securities.
3.9 Indemnification.
(a) Indemnification by the Corporation. The Corporation shall indemnify and hold harmless, to the full extent permitted by law, each Holder, each shareholder, member, limited or general partner of such Holder, each of their respective Affiliates, officers, directors, shareholders, employees, advisors, and agents and each Person who controls (within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) such Persons, from and against any and all losses, penalties, judgments, suits, costs, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses, joint or several (including reasonable costs of investigation and legal expenses) (each, a Loss and collectively Losses) arising out of or based upon (i) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Registration Statement under which such Registrable Securities are registered or sold under the Securities Act (including any final, preliminary or summary Prospectus contained therein or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto or any documents incorporated by reference therein), or (ii) any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of a Prospectus or preliminary Prospectus, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading; provided, that no selling Holder shall be entitled to indemnification pursuant to this Section 3.9(a) in respect of any untrue statement or omission contained in any information relating to such selling Holder furnished in writing by such selling Holder to the Corporation specifically for inclusion in a Registration Statement and used by the Corporation in conformity therewith (such information, Selling Stockholder Information). This indemnity shall be in addition to any liability the Corporation may otherwise have. Such indemnity shall
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remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of such Holder or any indemnified party and shall survive the Transfer of such securities by such Holder and regardless of any indemnity agreed to in the underwriting agreement that is less favorable to the Holders. The Corporation shall also indemnify underwriters, selling brokers, dealer managers and similar securities industry professionals participating in the distribution, their officers and directors and each Person who controls such Persons (within the meaning of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act) to the same extent as provided above (with appropriate modification) with respect to the indemnification of the indemnified parties.
(b) Indemnification by the Selling Holders. Each selling Holder agrees (severally and not jointly) to indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Corporation, its directors and officers and each Person who controls the Corporation (within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) from and against any Losses resulting from (i) any untrue statement of a material fact in any Registration Statement under which such Registrable Securities were registered or sold under the Securities Act (including any final, preliminary or summary Prospectus contained therein or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto or any documents incorporated by reference therein) or (ii) any omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of a Prospectus or preliminary Prospectus, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or omission is contained in such selling Holders Selling Stockholder Information. In no event shall the liability of any selling Holder hereunder be greater in amount than the dollar amount of the proceeds from the sale of its Registrable Securities in the offering giving rise to such indemnification obligation, net of underwriting discounts and commissions but before expenses, less any amounts paid by such Holder pursuant to Section 3.9(d) and any amounts paid by such Holder as a result of liabilities incurred under the underwriting agreement, if any, related to such sale.
(c) Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings. Any Person entitled to indemnification hereunder shall (i) give prompt written notice to the indemnifying party of any claim with respect to which it seeks indemnification (provided that any delay or failure to so notify the indemnifying party shall relieve the indemnifying party of its obligations hereunder only to the extent, if at all, that it is actually and materially prejudiced by reason of such delay or failure) and (ii) permit such indemnifying party to assume the defense of such claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party; provided, however, that any Person entitled to indemnification hereunder shall have the right to select and employ separate counsel and to participate in the defense of such claim, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Person unless (i) the indemnifying party has agreed in writing to pay such fees or expenses, (ii) the indemnifying party shall have failed to assume the defense of such claim within a reasonable time after receipt of notice of such claim from the Person entitled to indemnification hereunder and employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Person within a reasonable time, (iii) if such counsel is acting as counsel to both the indemnified party and the indemnifying party, the indemnified party has reasonably concluded (based upon advice of its counsel) that there may be legal defenses available to it or other indemnified parties that are different from or in addition to those available to the indemnifying party, or (iv) in the reasonable judgment of any such Person (based upon advice of its counsel) a conflict of interest may exist between such Person and the indemnifying party with respect to such claims (in which
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case, if the Person notifies the indemnifying party in writing that such Person elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the indemnifying party, the indemnifying party shall not have the right to assume the defense of such claim on behalf of such Person). If the indemnifying party assumes the defense, then no indemnifying party shall, without the written consent of the indemnified party, effect the settlement or compromise of, or consent to, on behalf of the indemnified party, the entry of any judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened action or claim in respect of which an indemnified party is or could have been a party thereto and indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder, unless such settlement, compromise or consent (i) includes an unconditional release of the indemnified party from all liability arising out of such action or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of any indemnified party. If such defense is not assumed by the indemnifying party, the indemnifying party will not be subject to any liability for any settlement made without its prior written consent, but such consent may not be unreasonably withheld. It is understood that the indemnifying party or parties shall not, except as specifically set forth in this Section 3.9(c), in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable fees, disbursements or other charges of more than one separate firm unless the employment of more than one counsel has been authorized in writing by the indemnifying party or parties.
(d) Contribution. If for any reason the indemnification provided for in Sections 3.9(a) and (b) is unavailable to an indemnified party or insufficient in respect of any Losses referred to therein (other than as a result of exceptions or limitations on indemnification contained in Sections 3.9(a) and (b)), then the indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by the indemnified party as a result of such Loss in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying party on the one hand and the indemnified party or parties on the other hand in connection with the acts, statements or omissions that resulted in such Losses, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. In connection with any Registration Statement filed with the SEC by the Corporation, the relative fault of the indemnifying party on the one hand and the indemnified party on the other hand shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the indemnifying party or by the indemnified party and the parties relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The parties hereto agree that it would not be just or equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 3.9(d) were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in this Section 3.9(d). No Person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any Person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the Losses referred to in Sections 3.9(a) and (b) shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 3.9(d), in connection with any Registration Statement filed by the Corporation, a selling Holder shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the dollar amount of the proceeds from the sale of its Registrable Securities in the offering giving rise to such contribution obligation, net of underwriting discounts and commissions but before expenses, less any amounts paid by such Holder pursuant to Section
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3.9(b) and any amounts paid by such Holder as a result of liabilities incurred under the underwriting agreement, if any, related to such sale. If indemnification is available under this Section 3.9, the indemnifying parties shall indemnify each indemnified party to the full extent provided in Sections 3.9(a) and (b) hereof without regard to the provisions of this Section 3.9(d). The remedies provided for in this Section 3.9 are not exclusive and shall not limit any rights or remedies which may otherwise be available to any indemnified party at law or in equity.
3.10 Rule 144. The Corporation shall file the reports required to be filed by it under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations adopted by the SEC thereunder (or, if the Corporation is not required to file such reports, it will, upon the request of any Holder, make publicly available such necessary information for so long as necessary to permit sales that would otherwise be permitted by this Agreement pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act, as such rules may be amended from time to time or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC), and it will take such further action as any Holder may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such Holder to sell Registrable Securities without Registration under the Securities Act in transactions that would otherwise be permitted by this Agreement and within the limitation of the exemptions provided by (i) Rule 144 or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC. Upon the request of any Holder, the Corporation will deliver to such Holder a written statement as to whether it has complied with such requirements and, if not, the specifics thereof.
3.11 Existing Registration Statements. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary and subject to applicable law and regulation, the Corporation may satisfy any obligation hereunder to file a Registration Statement or to have a Registration Statement become effective by a specified date by designating, by notice to the Holders, a Registration Statement that previously has been filed with the SEC or become effective, as the case may be, as the relevant Registration Statement for purposes of satisfying such obligation, and all references to any such obligation shall be construed accordingly; provided that such previously filed Registration Statement may be, and is, amended or, subject to applicable securities laws, supplemented to add the number of Registrable Securities, and, to the extent necessary, to identify as selling stockholders those Holders demanding the filing of a Registration Statement pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. To the extent this Agreement refers to the filing or effectiveness of other Registration Statements, by or at a specified time and the Corporation has, in lieu of then filing such Registration Statements or having such Registration Statements become effective, designated a previously filed or effective Registration Statement as the relevant Registration Statement for such purposes, in accordance with the preceding sentence, such references shall be construed to refer to such designated Registration Statement, as amended or supplemented in the manner contemplated by the immediately preceding sentence.
ARTICLE IV
MISCELLANEOUS
4.1 Authority; Effect. Each party hereto represents and warrants to and agrees with each other party that the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized on behalf of such party and do not violate any agreement or other instrument applicable to such party or by which its assets are
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bound. This Agreement does not, and shall not be construed to, give rise to the creation of a partnership among any of the parties hereto, or to constitute any of such parties members of a joint venture or other association. The Corporation and its subsidiaries shall be jointly and severally liable for all obligations of each such party pursuant to this Agreement.
4.2 Notices. Any notices, requests, demands and other communications required or permitted in this Agreement shall be effective if in writing and (i) delivered personally, (ii) sent by facsimile or e-mail, or (iii) sent by overnight courier, in each case, addressed as follows:
If to the Corporation to:
GEN Restaurant Group, Inc.
11480 South Street Suite 205
Cerritos, CA 90703
Telephone:
Attention: Tom Croal
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice to the Corporation) to:
Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP
3161 Michelson Dr., Suite 1200
Irvine, CA 92612
Telephone:
Attention: Michael Flynn
If to a Holder, to the address on file in the Corporations records.
Notice to the holder of record of any Registrable Securities shall be deemed to be notice to the holder of such securities for all purposes hereof.
Unless otherwise specified herein, such notices or other communications shall be deemed effective (i) on the date received, if personally delivered, (ii) on the date received if delivered by facsimile or e-mail on a Business Day, or if not delivered on a Business Day, on the first Business Day thereafter and (iii) two Business Days after being sent by overnight courier. Each of the parties hereto shall be entitled to specify a different address by giving notice as aforesaid to each of the other parties hereto.
4.3 Termination and Effect of Termination. This Agreement shall terminate upon the date on which no Holder holds any Registrable Securities, except for the provisions of Sections 3.9 and 3.10, which shall survive any such termination. No termination under this Agreement shall relieve any Person of liability for breach or Registration Expenses incurred prior to termination. In the event this Agreement is terminated, each Person entitled to indemnification rights pursuant to Section 3.9 hereof shall retain such indemnification rights with respect to any matter that (i) may be an indemnified liability thereunder and (ii) occurred prior to such termination.
4.4 Permitted Transferees. The rights of a Holder hereunder may be assigned (but only with all related obligations as set forth below) in connection with a Transfer of Registrable
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Securities to a Permitted Transferee of that Holder. Without prejudice to any other or similar conditions imposed hereunder with respect to any such Transfer, no assignment permitted under the terms of this Section 4.4 will be effective unless the Permitted Transferee to which the assignment is being made, if not a Holder, has delivered to the Corporation a written acknowledgment and agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation that the Permitted Transferee will be bound by, and will be a party to, this Agreement. A Permitted Transferee to whom rights are transferred pursuant to this Section 4.4 may not again transfer those rights to any other Permitted Transferee, other than as provided in this Section 4.4.
4.5 Remedies. The parties to this Agreement shall have all remedies available at law, in equity or otherwise in the event of any breach or violation of this Agreement or any default hereunder. The parties acknowledge and agree that in the event of any breach of this Agreement, in addition to any other remedies that may be available, each of the parties hereto shall be entitled to specific performance of the obligations of the other parties hereto and, in addition, to such other equitable remedies (including preliminary or temporary relief) as may be appropriate in the circumstances. No delay of or omission in the exercise of any right, power or remedy accruing to any party as a result of any breach or default by any other party under this Agreement shall impair any such right, power or remedy, nor shall it be construed as a waiver of or acquiescence in any such breach or default, or of any similar breach or default occurring later; nor shall any such delay, omission or waiver of any single breach or default be deemed a waiver of any other breach or default occurring before or after that waiver.
4.6 Amendments. This Agreement may not be orally amended, modified, extended or terminated, nor shall any oral waiver of any of its terms be effective. This Agreement may be amended, modified, extended or terminated, and the provisions hereof may be waived, only by an agreement in writing signed by the Corporation and the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities under this Agreement; provided, however, that any amendment, modification, extension or termination that disproportionately and adversely affects any Holder shall require the prior written consent of such Holder. Each such amendment, modification, extension or termination shall be binding upon each party hereto. In addition, each party hereto may waive any right hereunder by an instrument in writing signed by such party.
4.7 Governing Law. This Agreement and all claims arising out of or based upon this Agreement or relating to the subject matter hereof shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the domestic substantive laws of the State of Delaware without giving effect to any choice or conflict of laws provision or rule that would cause the application of the domestic substantive laws of any other jurisdiction.
4.8 Consent to Jurisdiction. Each party to this Agreement, by its execution hereof, (i) hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the State of Delaware and the County of New Castle for the purpose of any action, claim, cause of action or suit (in contract, tort or otherwise), inquiry, proceeding or investigation arising out of or based upon this Agreement or relating to the subject matter hereof, (ii) hereby waives to the extent not prohibited by applicable law, and agrees not to assert, and agrees not to allow any of its subsidiaries to assert, by way of motion, as a defense or otherwise, in any such action, any claim that it is not subject personally to the jurisdiction of the above-named courts, that its
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property is exempt or immune from attachment or execution, that any such proceeding brought in one of the above-named courts is improper, or that this Agreement or the subject matter hereof or thereof may not be enforced in or by such court and (iii) hereby agrees not to commence or maintain any action, claim, cause of action or suit (in contract, tort or otherwise), inquiry, proceeding or investigation arising out of or based upon this Agreement or relating to the subject matter hereof or thereof other than before one of the above-named courts or to make any motion or take any other action seeking or intending to cause the transfer or removal of any such action, claim, cause of action or suit (in contract, tort or otherwise), inquiry, proceeding or investigation to any court other than one of the above-named courts whether on the grounds of inconvenient forum or otherwise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent that any party hereto is or becomes a party in any litigation in connection with which it may assert indemnification rights set forth in this Agreement, the court in which such litigation is being heard shall be deemed to be included in clause (i) above. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any party to this Agreement may commence and maintain an action to enforce a judgment of any of the above-named courts in any court of competent jurisdiction. Each party hereto hereby consents to service of process in any such proceeding in any manner permitted by Delaware law, and agrees that service of process by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, at its address specified pursuant to Section 4.2 hereof is reasonably calculated to give actual notice.
4.9 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. TO THE EXTENT NOT PROHIBITED BY APPLICABLE LAW WHICH CANNOT BE WAIVED, EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES AND COVENANTS THAT IT WILL NOT ASSERT (WHETHER AS PLAINTIFF, DEFENDANT OR OTHERWISE) ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY FORUM IN RESPECT OF ANY ISSUE OR ACTION, CLAIM, CAUSE OF ACTION OR SUIT (IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE), INQUIRY, PROCEEDING OR INVESTIGATION ARISING OUT OF OR BASED UPON THIS AGREEMENT OR THE SUBJECT MATTER HEREOF OR IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH OR RELATED OR INCIDENTAL TO THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY, IN EACH CASE WHETHER NOW EXISTING OR HEREAFTER ARISING. EACH PARTY HERETO ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT HAS BEEN INFORMED BY THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO THAT THIS SECTION 4.9 CONSTITUTES A MATERIAL INDUCEMENT UPON WHICH THEY ARE RELYING AND WILL RELY IN ENTERING INTO THIS AGREEMENT. ANY PARTY HERETO MAY FILE AN ORIGINAL COUNTERPART OR A COPY OF THIS SECTION 4.9 WITH ANY COURT AS WRITTEN EVIDENCE OF THE CONSENT OF EACH SUCH PARTY TO THE WAIVER OF ITS RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY.
4.10 Merger; Binding Effect, Etc. This Agreement (along with the terms of the Company Agreement) constitutes the entire agreement of the parties with respect to its subject matter, supersedes all prior or contemporaneous oral or written agreements or discussions with respect to such subject matter, and shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and thereto and their respective heirs, Representatives, successors and permitted assigns. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, no Holder or other party hereto may assign any of its respective rights or delegate any of its respective obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other parties hereto, and any attempted assignment or delegation in violation of the foregoing shall be null and void.
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4.11 Counterparts. This Agreement may be signed in counterparts (which may include counterparts delivered by any standard form of telecommunication), each of which shall be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page to this Agreement by telecopier, facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart thereof. The words execution, signed, signature, delivery, and words of like import in or relating to this Agreement or any document to be signed in connection with this Agreement shall be deemed to include electronic signatures, deliveries or the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature, physical delivery thereof or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be, and the parties hereto consent to conduct the transactions contemplated hereunder by electronic means.
4.12 Severability. In the event that any provision hereof would, under applicable law, be invalid or unenforceable in any respect, such provision shall be construed by modifying or limiting it so as to be valid and enforceable to the maximum extent compatible with, and possible under, applicable law. The provisions hereof are severable, and in the event any provision hereof should be held invalid or unenforceable in any respect, it shall not invalidate, render unenforceable or otherwise affect any other provision hereof.
[Signature pages follow]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the undersigned has duly executed this Agreement as of the date first above written.
GEN Restaurant Group, Inc. | ||
By: |
| |
Name: | ||
Title: |
[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]
[Holders] | ||
By: |
| |
Name: | ||
Title: |
[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]
Exhibit 10.4
INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT
This Indemnification Agreement (this Agreement) is entered into as of [●], 2023 (the Effective Date) by and between GEN Restaurant Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the Company), and [●] (the Indemnitee).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors (the Board) has determined that the inability to attract and retain qualified persons as directors and officers is detrimental to the best interests of the Companys stockholders and that the Company should act to assure such persons that there shall be adequate certainty of protection through insurance and indemnification against risks of claims and actions against them arising out of their service to and activities on behalf of the Company;
WHEREAS, the Company has adopted provisions in its Bylaws providing for indemnification and advancement of expenses of its directors and officers to the fullest extent authorized by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the DGCL), and the Company wishes to clarify and enhance the rights and obligations of the Company and the Indemnitee with respect to indemnification and advancement of expenses;
WHEREAS, in order to induce and encourage highly experienced and capable persons such as the Indemnitee to serve and continue to serve as directors and officers of the Company and in any other capacity with respect to the Company as the Company may request, and to otherwise promote the desirable end that such persons shall resist what they consider unjustified lawsuits and claims made against them in connection with the good faith performance of their duties to the Company, with the knowledge that certain costs, judgments, penalties, fines, liabilities, and expenses incurred by them in their defense of such litigation are to be borne by the Company and they shall receive appropriate protection against such risks and liabilities, the Board has determined that the following Agreement is reasonable and prudent to promote and ensure the best interests of the Company and its stockholders; and
WHEREAS, the Company desires to have the Indemnitee continue to serve as a director or officer of the Company and in any other capacity with respect to the Company as the Company may request, as the case may be, free from undue concern for unpredictable, inappropriate, or unreasonable legal risks and personal liabilities by reason of the Indemnitee acting in good faith in the performance of the Indemnitees duty to the Company; and the Indemnitee desires to continue so to serve the Company, provided, and on the express condition, that he or she is furnished with the protections set forth hereinafter.
AGREEMENT
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the Indemnitees continued service as a director or officer of the Company, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement:
(a) A Change in Control will be deemed to have occurred if, with respect to any particular 24-month period, the individuals who, at the beginning of such 24-month period, constituted the Board (the Incumbent Board) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board; provided, however, that any individual becoming a director subsequent to the beginning of such 24-month period whose election, or nomination for election by the stockholders of the Company, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual were a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a person other than the Board.
(b) Disinterested Director means a director of the Company who is not or was not a party to the Proceeding in respect of which indemnification is being sought by the Indemnitee.
(c) Expenses includes, without limitation, expenses incurred in connection with the defense or settlement of any action, suit, arbitration, alternative dispute resolution mechanism, investigation, inquiry, judicial, administrative, or legislative hearing, or any other threatened, pending, or completed proceeding, whether brought by or in the right of the Company or otherwise, including any and all appeals, whether of a civil, criminal, administrative, legislative, investigative, or other nature, attorneys fees, witness fees and expenses, fees and expenses of accountants and other advisors, retainers and disbursements and advances thereon, the premium, security for, and other costs relating to any bond (including cost bonds, appraisal bonds, or their equivalents), and any expenses of establishing a right to indemnification or advancement under Sections 9, 11, 13, and 16 hereof, but shall not include the amount of judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes, or penalties actually levied against the Indemnitee, or any amounts paid in settlement by or on behalf of the Indemnitee.
(d) Independent Counsel means a law firm or a member of a law firm that neither is presently nor in the past five years has been retained to represent (i) the Company or the Indemnitee in any matter material to either such party or (ii) any other party to the Proceeding giving rise to a request for indemnification hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term Independent Counsel shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or the Indemnitee in an action to determine the Indemnitees right to indemnification under this Agreement.
(e) Proceeding means any action, suit, arbitration, alternative dispute resolution mechanism, investigation (whether formal or informal), inquiry, judicial, administrative, or legislative hearing, or any other threatened, pending, or completed proceeding, whether brought by or in the right of the Company or otherwise, including any and all appeals, whether of a civil, criminal, administrative, legislative, investigative, or other nature, to which the Indemnitee was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party or is otherwise involved in by reason of the fact that the Indemnitee is or was a director, officer, employee, agent, or trustee of the Company or while a director, officer, employee, agent, or trustee of the Company is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, agent, or trustee of
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another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, including service with respect to an employee benefit plan (including as a deemed fiduciary thereto), or by reason of anything done or not done by the Indemnitee in any such capacity, whether or not the Indemnitee is serving in such capacity at the time any expense, liability, or loss is incurred for which indemnification or advancement can be provided under this Agreement.
2. Service by the Indemnitee. The Indemnitee shall serve and/or continue to serve as a director or officer of the Company faithfully and to the best of the Indemnitees ability so long as the Indemnitee is duly elected or appointed and until such time as the Indemnitees successor is elected and qualified or the Indemnitee is removed as permitted by applicable law or tenders a resignation in writing.
3. Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses. The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless the Indemnitee, and shall pay to the Indemnitee in advance of the final disposition of any Proceeding all Expenses incurred by the Indemnitee in defending any such Proceeding, to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended, all on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. Without diminishing the scope of the rights provided by this Section, the rights of the Indemnitee to indemnification and advancement of Expenses provided hereunder shall include but shall not be limited to those rights hereinafter set forth, except that no indemnification or advancement of Expenses shall be paid to the Indemnitee:
(a) to the extent expressly prohibited by applicable law of the Company by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final adjudication not subject to further appeal;
(b) for and to the extent that payment is actually made to the Indemnitee under a valid and collectible insurance policy or under a valid and enforceable indemnity clause, provision of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws, or agreement of the Company or any other company or other enterprise (and the Indemnitee shall reimburse the Company for any amounts paid by the Company and subsequently so recovered by the Indemnitee); or
(c) in connection with an action, suit, or proceeding, or part thereof voluntarily initiated by the Indemnitee (except as to counterclaims asserted by the Indemnitee in an action, suit, or proceeding initiated by the Company), and except a judicial proceeding or arbitration pursuant to Section 11 to enforce rights under this Agreement, unless the action, suit, or proceeding, or part thereof, was authorized or ratified by the Board of Directors of the Company or the Board of Directors otherwise determines that indemnification or advancement of Expenses is appropriate.
4. Action or Proceedings Other than an Action by or in the Right of the Company. Except as limited by Section 3 above, the Indemnitee shall be entitled to the indemnification rights provided in this Section if the Indemnitee was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to, or was or is otherwise involved in, any Proceeding (other than an action by or in the right of the Company) by reason of the fact that the Indemnitee is or was a director, officer, employee, agent, or trustee of the Company or while a director, officer, employee, agent, or trustee of the Company is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, agent, or trustee of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, or
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other enterprise, including service with respect to an employee benefit plan, or by reason of anything done or not done by the Indemnitee in any such capacity. Pursuant to this Section, the Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all expense, liability, and loss (including judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes, penalties, amounts paid in settlement by or on behalf of the Indemnitee, and Expenses) actually and reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with such Proceeding, if the Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and with respect to any criminal Proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful.
5. Indemnity in Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company. Except as limited by Section 3 above, the Indemnitee shall be entitled to the indemnification rights provided in this Section if the Indemnitee was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to, or was or is otherwise involved in, any Proceeding brought by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the Indemnitee is or was a director, officer, employee, agent, or trustee of the Company or while a director, officer, employee, agent, or trustee of the Company is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, agent, or trustee of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, including service with respect to an employee benefit plan, or by reason of anything done or not done by the Indemnitee in any such capacity. Pursuant to this Section, the Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all expense, liability, and loss (including judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes, penalties, amounts paid in settlement by or on behalf of the Indemnitee, and Expenses) actually and reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with such Proceeding if the Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company; provided, however, that no such indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue, or matter as to which the DGCL expressly prohibits such indemnification by reason of any adjudication of liability of the Indemnitee to the Company, unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or the court in which such Proceeding was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, the Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification for such expense, liability, and loss as such court shall deem proper.
6. Indemnification for Costs, Charges, and Expenses of Successful Party. Notwithstanding any limitations of Sections 3(c), 4, and 5 above, to the extent that the Indemnitee has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in whole or in part, in defense of any Proceeding, or in defense of any claim, issue, or matter therein, including, or if it is ultimately determined, by final judicial decision of a court of competent jurisdiction, that the Indemnitee is otherwise entitled to be indemnified against Expenses, the Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee in connection therewith. For these purposes and without limitation, Indemnitee will be deemed to have been successful on the merits in circumstances including but not limited to the termination of any Proceeding or of any claim, issue or matter therein, by the winning of a dismissal (with or without prejudice), motion for summary judgment, settlement (with or without court approval), or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent.
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7. Partial Indemnification. If the Indemnitee is entitled under any provision of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company for some or a portion of the expense, liability, and loss (including judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes, penalties, amounts paid in settlement by or on behalf of the Indemnitee, and Expenses) actually and reasonably incurred in connection with any Proceeding, or in connection with any judicial proceeding or arbitration pursuant to Section 11 to enforce rights under this Agreement, but not, however, for all of the total amount thereof, the Company shall nevertheless indemnify the Indemnitee for the portion of such expense, liability, and loss actually and reasonably incurred to which the Indemnitee is entitled.
8. Indemnification for Expenses of a Witness. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the maximum extent permitted by the DGCL, the Indemnitee shall be entitled to indemnification against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee or on the Indemnitees behalf if the Indemnitee appears as a witness or otherwise incurs legal expenses as a result of or related to the Indemnitees service as a director or officer of the Company, in any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit, arbitration, alternative dispute resolution mechanism, investigation, inquiry, judicial, administrative, or legislative hearing, or any other threatened, pending, or completed proceeding, whether of a civil, criminal, administrative, legislative, investigative, or other nature, to which the Indemnitee neither is, nor is threatened to be made, a party.
9. Determination of Entitlement to Indemnification. To receive indemnification under this Agreement, the Indemnitee shall submit a written request to the Secretary of the Company. Such request shall include documentation or information that is necessary for such determination, is reasonably available to the Indemnitee, and is not already in the control of the Company. Upon receipt by the Secretary of the Company of a written request by the Indemnitee for indemnification, the entitlement of the Indemnitee to indemnification, to the extent such indemnification is not required pursuant to the terms of Section 6 or Section 8 of this Agreement, shall be determined by the following person or persons who shall be empowered to make such determination (as selected by the Board of Directors, except with respect to Section 9(e) below): (a) the Board of Directors of the Company by a majority vote of Disinterested Directors, whether or not such majority constitutes a quorum; (b) a committee of Disinterested Directors designated by a majority vote of such directors, whether or not such majority constitutes a quorum; (c) if there are no Disinterested Directors, or if the Disinterested Directors so direct, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board of Directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to the Indemnitee; (d) the stockholders of the Company; or (e) in the event that a Change in Control has occurred, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board of Directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to the Indemnitee. Such Independent Counsel shall be selected by the Board of Directors and approved by the Indemnitee, except that in the event that a Change in Control has occurred, Independent Counsel shall be selected by the Indemnitee. Upon failure of the Board of Directors so to select such Independent Counsel or upon failure of the Indemnitee so to approve (or so to select, in the event a Change in Control has occurred), such Independent Counsel shall be selected upon application to a court of competent jurisdiction. The determination of entitlement to indemnification shall be made and, unless a contrary determination is made, such indemnification shall be paid in full by the Company not later than 60 calendar days after receipt by the Secretary of the Company of a written request for indemnification. If the person making such determination shall determine that the Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification as to part (but not all) of the application for indemnification, such person shall reasonably prorate such partial indemnification among the claims, issues, or matters at issue at the time of the determination.
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10. Presumptions and Effect of Certain Proceedings. The Secretary of the Company shall, promptly upon receipt of the Indemnitees written request for indemnification, advise in writing the Board of Directors or such other person or persons empowered to make the determination as provided in Section 9 that the Indemnitee has made such request for indemnification. Upon making such request for indemnification, the Indemnitee shall be presumed to be entitled to indemnification hereunder and the Company shall have the burden of proof in making any determination contrary to such presumption by clear and convincing evidence. If the person or persons so empowered to make such determination shall have failed to make the requested determination with respect to indemnification within 60 calendar days after receipt by the Secretary of the Company of such request, a requisite determination of entitlement to indemnification shall be deemed to have been made and the Indemnitee shall be absolutely entitled to such indemnification, absent actual fraud in the request for indemnification. The termination of any Proceeding described in Sections 4 or 5 by judgment, order, settlement, or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself (a) create a presumption that the Indemnitee did not act in good faith and in a manner the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and with respect to any criminal Proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful or (b) otherwise adversely affect the rights of the Indemnitee to indemnification except as may be provided herein.
11. Remedies of the Indemnitee in Cases of Determination Not to Indemnify or to Advance Expenses; Right to Bring Suit. In the event that a determination is made that the Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification hereunder or if payment is not timely made following a determination of entitlement to indemnification pursuant to Sections 9 and 10, or if an advancement of Expenses is not timely made pursuant to Section 16, the Indemnitee may at any time thereafter bring suit against the Company seeking an adjudication of entitlement to such indemnification or advancement of Expenses, and any such suit shall be brought in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware unless otherwise required by the law of the state in which the Indemnitee primarily resides and works. Alternatively, the Indemnitee at the Indemnitees option may seek an award in an arbitration to be conducted by a single arbitrator in the State of Delaware pursuant to the rules of the American Arbitration Association, such award to be made within 60 calendar days following the filing of the demand for arbitration. The Company shall not oppose the Indemnitees right to seek any such adjudication or award in arbitration. In any suit or arbitration brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder (but not in a suit or arbitration brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to an advancement of Expenses), it shall be a defense that the Indemnitee has not met any applicable standard of conduct for indemnification set forth in the DGCL, including the standard described in Section 4 or 5, as applicable. Further, in any suit brought by the Company to recover an advancement of Expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the Company shall be entitled to recover such Expenses upon a final judicial decision of a court of competent jurisdiction from which there is no further right to appeal that the Indemnitee has not met the standard of conduct described above. Neither the failure of the Company (including the Disinterested Directors, a committee of Disinterested Directors, Independent Counsel, or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such suit or arbitration that indemnification of the Indemnitee is
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proper in the circumstances because the Indemnitee has met the standard of conduct described above, nor an actual determination by the Company (including the Disinterested Directors, a committee of Disinterested Directors, Independent Counsel, or its stockholders) that the Indemnitee has not met the standard of conduct described above shall create a presumption that the Indemnitee has not met the standard of conduct described above, or, in the case of such a suit brought by the Indemnitee, be a defense to such suit. In any suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification or to an advancement of Expenses hereunder, or brought by the Company to recover an advancement of Expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified, or to such advancement of expenses, under this Section 11 or otherwise shall be on the Company. If a determination is made or deemed to have been made pursuant to the terms of Section 9 or 10 that the Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, the Company shall be bound by such determination and is precluded from asserting that such determination has not been made or that the procedure by which such determination was made is not valid, binding, and enforceable. The Company further agrees to stipulate in any court or before any arbitrator pursuant to this Section 11 that the Company is bound by all the provisions of this Agreement and is precluded from making any assertions to the contrary. If the court or arbitrator shall determine that the Indemnitee is entitled to any indemnification or advancement of Expenses hereunder, the Company shall pay all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with such adjudication or award in arbitration (including, but not limited to, any appellate proceedings) to the fullest extent permitted by law, and in any suit brought by the Company to recover an advancement of Expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the Company shall pay all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with such suit to the extent the Indemnitee has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in whole or in part, in defense of such suit, to the fullest extent permitted by law.
12. Non-Exclusivity of Rights. The rights to indemnification and to the advancement of Expenses provided by this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other right that the Indemnitee may now or hereafter acquire under any applicable law, agreement, vote of stockholders or Disinterested Directors, provisions of a charter or bylaws (including the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Company), or otherwise.
13. Expenses to Enforce Agreement. In the event that the Indemnitee is subject to or intervenes in any action, suit, or proceeding in which the validity or enforceability of this Agreement is at issue or seeks an adjudication or award in arbitration to enforce the Indemnitees rights under, or to recover damages for breach of, this Agreement, the Indemnitee, if the Indemnitee prevails in whole or in part in such action, suit, or proceeding, shall be entitled to recover from the Company and shall be indemnified by the Company against any Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee in connection therewith.
14. Continuation of Indemnity. All agreements and obligations of the Company contained herein shall continue during the period the Indemnitee is a director, officer, employee, agent, or trustee of the Company or while a director, officer, employee, agent, or trustee is serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, agent, or trustee of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, including service with respect to an employee benefit plan, and shall continue thereafter with respect to any possible claims based on the fact that the Indemnitee was a director, officer, employee, agent, or
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trustee of the Company or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, agent, or trustee of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, including service with respect to an employee benefit plan. This Agreement shall be binding upon all successors and assigns of the Company (including any transferee of all or substantially all of its assets and any successor by merger or operation of law) and shall inure to the benefit of the Indemnitees heirs, executors, and administrators. In addition, the Company shall require and cause any successor (whether direct or indirect by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all, substantially all, or a substantial part, of the business and/or assets of the Company, by written agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement and indemnify Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by law.
15. Notification and Defense of Proceeding. Promptly after receipt by the Indemnitee of notice of any Proceeding, the Indemnitee shall, if a request for indemnification or an advancement of Expenses in respect thereof is to be made against the Company under this Agreement, notify the Company in writing of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the Company shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have to the Indemnitee. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, with respect to any such Proceeding of which the Indemnitee notifies the Company:
(a) The Company shall be entitled to participate therein at its own expense.
(b) Except as otherwise provided in this Section 15(b), to the extent that it may wish, the Company, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, shall be entitled to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to the Indemnitee. After notice from the Company to the Indemnitee of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the Company shall not be liable to the Indemnitee under this Agreement for any expenses of counsel subsequently incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with the defense thereof except as otherwise provided below. The Indemnitee shall have the right to employ the Indemnitees own counsel in such Proceeding, but the fees and expenses of such counsel incurred after notice from the Company of its assumption of the defense thereof shall be at the expense of the Indemnitee unless (i) the employment of counsel by the Indemnitee has been authorized by the Company, (ii) the Indemnitee shall have reasonably concluded that there may be a conflict of interest between the Company and the Indemnitee in the conduct of the defense of such Proceeding, (iii) the fees and expenses are non-duplicative and reasonably incurred in connection with Indemnitees role in the Proceeding despite the Companys assumption of the defense, (iv) the Company is not financially or legally able to perform its indemnification obligations, or (v) the Company shall not within 60 calendar days of receipt of notice from the Indemnitee in fact have employed counsel to assume the defense of the Proceeding, in each of which cases the fees and expenses of the Indemnitees counsel shall be at the expense of the Company. The Company shall not be entitled to assume the defense of any Proceeding brought by or on behalf of the Company or as to which the Indemnitee shall have made the conclusion provided for in (ii) above. Indemnitee agrees that any such separate counsel retained by indemnitee will be a member of any approved list of panel counsel under the Companys applicable directors and officers liability insurance policy, should the applicable policy provide for a panel of approved counsel and should such approved panel list comprise law firms with well-established reputations in the type of litigation at issue. (For clarity, the fact of a firms being part of a panel shall not be evidence of a firms having a well-established national reputation for the type of litigation at issue).
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(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Company shall not be liable to indemnify the Indemnitee under this Agreement for any amounts paid in settlement of any Proceeding effected without the Companys written consent, or for any judicial or other award, if the Company was not given an opportunity, in accordance with this Section 15, to participate in the defense of such Proceeding. The Company shall not settle any Proceeding in any manner that would impose any penalty or limitation on or disclosure obligation with respect to the Indemnitee, or that would directly or indirectly constitute or impose any admission or acknowledgment of fault or culpability with respect to the Indemnitee, without the Indemnitees written consent. Neither the Company nor the Indemnitee shall unreasonably withhold its consent to any proposed settlement. Further, the Company shall not, on its own behalf, settle any part of any Proceeding to which Indemnitee is party with respect to other parties (including the Company) if any portion of such settlement is to be funded from corporate insurance proceeds unless approved by (i) the written consent of Indemnitee or (ii) a majority of the independent directors of the board; provided, however, that the right to constrain the Companys use of corporate insurance as described in this section shall terminate at the time the Company concludes (per the terms of this Agreement) that (i) Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification pursuant to this agreement, or (ii) such indemnification obligation to Indemnitee has been fully discharged by the Company.
16. Advancement of Expenses. All Expenses incurred by the Indemnitee in defending any Proceeding described in Section 4 or 5 shall be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of such Proceeding at the request of the Indemnitee. The Indemnitees right to advancement shall not be subject to the satisfaction of any standard of conduct. Advances shall be made without regard to the Indemnitees ultimate entitlement to indemnification under the provisions of this Agreement or otherwise, ability to repay the expenses, or entitlement to and availability of insurance coverage, including advancement, payment or reimbursement of defense costs, expenses or covered loss under the provisions of any applicable insurance policy (including, without limitation, whether such advancement, payment or reimbursement is withheld, conditioned or delayed by the insurer(s)). Advances shall be unsecured and interest free. To receive an advancement of Expenses under this Agreement, the Indemnitee shall submit a written request to the Secretary of the Company. Such request shall reasonably evidence the Expenses incurred by the Indemnitee, provided, however, that Indemnitee shall not be required to provide any documentation or information to the extent that the provision thereof would undermine or otherwise jeopardize attorney-client privilege. Advances shall include any and all reasonable Expenses incurred pursuing a Proceeding to enforce this right of advancement, including Expenses incurred preparing and forwarding statements to the Company to support the advances claimed. Each such advancement of Expenses shall be made within 20 calendar days after the receipt by the Secretary of the Company of such written request. The Indemnitees entitlement to Expenses under this Agreement shall include those incurred in connection with any action, suit, or proceeding by the Indemnitee seeking an adjudication or award in arbitration pursuant to Section 11 of this Agreement (including the enforcement of this provision) to the extent the court or arbitrator shall determine that the Indemnitee is entitled to an advancement of Expenses hereunder. Without limiting the generality or effect of the foregoing, within thirty days after any request by
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Indemnitee, the Company shall, in accordance with such request (but without duplication), (a) pay such Expenses on behalf of Indemnitee, (b) advance to Indemnitee funds in an amount sufficient to pay such Expenses, or (c) reimburse Indemnitee for such Expenses. The right to advances under this paragraph shall in all events continue until final disposition of any Proceeding, including any appeal therein. The Indemnitee shall qualify for advances upon the execution and delivery to the Company of this Agreement, which shall constitute an undertaking providing that the Indemnitee undertakes to the fullest extent permitted by law to repay the advance (without interest) if and to the extent that it is ultimately determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final judgment, not subject to further appeal, that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company. No other form of undertaking shall be required other than the execution of this Agreement. The Company shall not seek from a court, or agree to, a bar order which would have the effect of prohibiting or limiting the Indemnitees rights to receive advancement of expenses under this Agreement.
17. D&O Insurance.
(a) If, at the time of the receipt of a notice of a claim pursuant to the terms hereof, the Company has D&O Insurance in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice of the commencement of such Proceeding to the insurers in accordance with the procedures set forth in the respective policies. The Company shall thereafter take all necessary or desirable action to cause such insurers to pay, on behalf of Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result of such Proceeding in accordance with the terms of such policies. The Company will instruct the insurers and their insurance brokers that they may communicate directly with Indemnitee regarding such claim.
(b) In the event of a Change in Control or the Companys becoming insolvent, the Company shall undertake all commercially reasonable efforts to maintain in force any and all insurance policies then maintained by the Company in providing insurance directors and officers liability, fiduciary, employment practices or otherwise in respect of the individual directors and officers of the Company, for a fixed period of six years thereafter (a Tail Policy). Such coverage shall be non-cancellable and shall be placed and serviced for the duration of its term by the Companys incumbent insurance broker. The Company shall direct such broker to place the Tail Policy with the incumbent insurance carriers using the policies that were in place at the time of the Change in Control event (unless the incumbent carriers will not offer such policies, in which case the Tail Policy placed by the Companys insurance broker shall be substantially comparable in scope and amount as the expiring policies, and the insurance carriers for the Tail Policy shall have an AM Best rating that is the same or better than the AM Best ratings of the expiring policies).
18. Contribution. If the indemnification provided pursuant to this Agreement is unavailable in whole or in part and may not be paid to Indemnitee for any reason other than those set forth in Section 3, then in respect to any Proceeding in which the Company is jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such Proceeding), to the fullest extent permissible under applicable law, the Company, in lieu of indemnifying and holding harmless Indemnitee, shall pay, in the first instance, the entire amount incurred by Indemnitee, whether for Expenses, judgments, decisions of arbitrators, fines, penalties, and/or amounts paid or to be paid in settlement, in connection with any Proceeding without requiring Indemnitee to contribute to such
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payment, and the Company hereby waives and relinquishes any right of contribution it may have at any time against Indemnitee; provided, however, that such right to contribution described in this section shall terminate at the time the Company concludes (per the terms of this Agreement) that (i) Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification pursuant to this agreement, or (ii) such indemnification obligation to Indemnitee has been fully discharged by the Company.
19. Information Sharing. If Indemnitee is the subject of or is implicated in any way during an investigation, whether formal or informal, the Company shall promptly notify the Indemnitee of such investigation. The Company shall further share with Indemnitee any information it has turned over to any third parties concerning the investigation (Shared Information) at the time such information is so furnished. By executing this agreement, Indemnitee agrees that such Shared Information is material non-public information that Indemnitee is obligated to hold in confidence and may not disclose publicly; provided, however, that Indemnitee is permitted to use the Shared Information and to disclose such Shared information to Indemnitees legal counsel and third parties solely in connection with defending Indemnitee from legal liability.
20. Monetary Damages Insufficient/Specific Performance. The Company and Indemnitee agree that a monetary remedy for breach of this Agreement may be inadequate, impracticable and difficult of proof, and further agree that such breach may cause Indemnitee irreparable harm. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree that Indemnitee may enforce this Agreement by seeking injunctive relief and/or specific performance hereof, without any necessity of showing actual damage or irreparable harm (having agreed that actual and irreparable harm will result in not forcing the Company to specifically perform its obligations pursuant to this Agreement) and that by seeking injunctive relief and/or specific performance, Indemnitee shall not be precluded from seeking or obtaining any other relief to which he may be entitled. The Company and Indemnitee further agree that Indemnitee shall be entitled to such specific performance and injunctive relief, including temporary restraining orders, preliminary injunctions and permanent injunctions, without the necessity of posting bonds or other undertaking in connection therewith. The Company acknowledges that in the absence of a waiver, a bond or undertaking may be required of Indemnitee by the Court, and the Company hereby waives any such requirement of a bond or undertaking. If Indemnitee seeks mandatory injunctive relief, it shall not be a defense to enforcement of the Companys obligations set forth in this Agreement that Indemnitee has an adequate remedy at law for damages.
21. Severability; Prior Indemnification Agreements. If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable as applied to any person or entity or circumstance for any reason whatsoever, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law (a) the validity, legality, and enforceability of such provision in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, all portions of any paragraphs of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable, that are not by themselves invalid, illegal, or unenforceable) and the application of such provision to other persons or entities or circumstances shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and (b) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, all portions of any paragraph of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable, that are not themselves invalid, illegal, or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent of the parties that
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the Company provide protection to the Indemnitee to the fullest extent set forth in this Agreement. This Agreement shall supersede and replace any prior indemnification agreements entered into by and between the Company and the Indemnitee and any such prior agreements shall be terminated upon execution of this Agreement.
22. Headings; References; Pronouns. The headings of the sections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction thereof. References herein to section numbers are to sections of this Agreement. All pronouns and any variations thereof shall be deemed to refer to the singular or plural as appropriate.
23. Other Provisions.
(a) This Agreement and all disputes or controversies arising out of or related to this Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to the laws of any other jurisdiction that might be applied because of conflicts of laws principles of the State of Delaware, unless otherwise required by the law of the state in which the Indemnitee primarily resides and works.
(b) This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same instrument and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other party.
(c) This Agreement shall not be deemed an employment contract between the Company and any Indemnitee who is an officer of the Company, and, if the Indemnitee is an officer of the Company, the Indemnitee specifically acknowledges that the Indemnitee may be discharged at any time for any reason, with or without cause, and with or without severance compensation, except as may be otherwise provided in a separate written contract between the Indemnitee and the Company.
(d) In the event of payment under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of the Indemnitee (excluding insurance obtained on the Indemnitees own behalf), and the Indemnitee shall execute all papers required and shall do everything that may be necessary to secure such rights, including the execution of such documents necessary to enable the Company effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights.
(e) This Agreement may not be amended, modified, or supplemented in any manner, whether by course of conduct or otherwise, except by an instrument in writing specifically designated as an amendment hereto, signed on behalf of each party. No failure or delay of either party in exercising any right or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, and no single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such right or power, or any course of conduct, shall preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company and the Indemnitee have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the date first written above.
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP, INC. | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: | ||
| ||
Indemnitee |
SIGNATURE PAGE TO INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT
Exhibit 10.5
GEN RESTAURANT GROUP, INC.
2023 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
1. | Purpose |
The purpose of this GEN Restaurant Group, Inc. 2023 Equity Incentive Plan (the Plan) is to promote and closely align the interests of employees, officers, non-employee directors and other service providers of GEN Restaurant Group, Inc. and its stockholders by providing stock-based compensation and other performance-based compensation. The objectives of the Plan are to attract and retain the best available employees for positions of substantial responsibility and to motivate Participants to optimize the profitability and growth of the Company through incentives that are consistent with the Companys goals and that link the personal interests of Participants to those of the Companys stockholders. The Plan provides for the grant of Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, Restricted Stock Units, Restricted Stock and Other Stock-Based Awards and for Incentive Bonuses, which may be paid in cash, Common Stock or a combination thereof, as determined by the Committee.
2. | Definitions |
As used in the Plan, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth below:
(a) Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
(b) Affiliate means any entity in which the Company has a substantial direct or indirect equity interest, as determined by the Committee from time to time.
(c) Award means an Option, Stock Appreciation Right, Restricted Stock Unit, Restricted Stock, Other Stock-Based Award or Incentive Bonus granted to a Participant pursuant to the provisions of the Plan, any of which may be subject to performance conditions.
(d) Award Agreement means a written or electronic agreement or other instrument as may be approved from time to time by the Committee and designated as such implementing the grant of each Award. An Award Agreement may be in the form of an agreement to be executed by both the Participant and the Company (or an authorized representative of the Company) or certificates, notices or similar instruments as approved by the Committee and designated as such.
(e) Beneficial Owner shall have the meaning set forth in Rule 13d-3 under the Act.
(f) Board means the Board of Directors of the Company.
(g) Cause has the meaning set forth in the written employment, offer, services or severance agreement or letter between the Participant and the Company or an Affiliate, or if there is no such agreement or no such term is defined in such agreement, means a Participants Termination of Employment by the Company or an Affiliate by reason of (i) the Participants material breach of any agreement between the Participant and the Company or an Affiliate or any policy of the Company of an Affiliate; (ii) the willful failure or refusal by the Participant to substantially perform his or her duties; (iii) the commission or conviction of the Participant of, or the entering of a plea of nolo contendere by the Participant with respect to, (A) a felony or (B) a
misdemeanor involving moral turpitude; or (iv) the Participants gross misconduct that causes harm to the reputation of the Company. A Participants employment or service will be deemed to have been terminated for Cause if it is determined subsequent to such Participants Termination of Employment that grounds for a Termination of Employment for Cause existed at the time of such Termination of Employment, as determined by the Committee.
(h) Change in Control means, except as otherwise provided in an Award Agreement, the occurrence of any one of the following:
(i) any Person is or becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company (not including in the securities beneficially owned by such Person or any securities acquired directly from the Company or its Affiliates) representing 50% or more of the combined voting power of the Companys then outstanding securities, excluding any Person who becomes such a Beneficial Owner in connection with a transaction described in Section 2(h)(iii)(A) below;
(ii) the following individuals cease for any reason to constitute a majority of the number of directors then serving: (A) individuals who, on the Effective Date (as defined below), constitute the Board and (B) any new director (other than a director whose initial assumption of office is in connection with an actual or threatened election contest, including a consent solicitation, relating to the election of directors of the Company) whose appointment or election by the Board or nomination for election by the Companys stockholders was approved or recommended by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then still in office who were either directors on the Effective Date or whose appointment, election or nomination for election was previously so approved or recommended;
(iii) there is consummated a merger or consolidation of the Company or any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company with any other corporation, other than a merger or consolidation which would result in the holders of the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity or any parent thereof) at least 50% of the combined voting power of the securities of the Company or such surviving entity or any parent thereof outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation; or
(iv) the implementation of a plan of complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company; or
(v) there is consummated a sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Companys assets, other than a sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Companys assets to an entity, at least 50% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of which is owned by stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of the Company immediately prior to such sale.
(i) Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, and the rulings and regulations issued thereunder.
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(j) Committee means the Compensation Committee of the Board (or any successor committee) or such other committee as designated by the Board to administer the Plan under Section 6.
(k) Common Stock means the voting common stock of the Company, $0.001 par value per share, or such other class or kind of shares or other securities as may be applicable under Section 16.
(l) Company means GEN Restaurant Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and except as utilized in the definition of Change in Control, any successor corporation.
(m) Disability has the meaning set forth in a written employment, offer, services or severance agreement or letter between the Participant and the Company or an Affiliate, or if there is no such agreement or no such term is defined in such agreement, means the inability of the Participant to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment. A determination of Disability shall be made by the Committee on the basis of such medical evidence as the Committee deems warranted under the circumstances, and in this respect, Participants shall submit to an examination by a physician upon request by the Committee.
(n) Dividend Equivalent mean an amount payable in cash or Common Stock, as determined by the Committee, equal to the dividends that would have been paid to the Participant if the share of Common Stock with respect to which the Dividend Equivalent relates had been owned by the Participant.
(o) Effective Date means the date on which the Plan takes effect, as defined pursuant to Section 4.
(p) Eligible Person any current or prospective employee, officer, non-employee director or other service provider of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; provided however that Incentive Stock Options may only be granted to employees of the Company or any of its subsidiary corporations within the meaning of Section 424 of the Code.
(q) Fair Market Value means as of any date, the value of the Common Stock determined as follows: (i) if the Common Stock is listed on any established stock exchange, system or market, its Fair Market Value shall be the closing price for the Common Stock as quoted on such exchange, system or market as reported in the Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Committee deems reliable (or, if no sale of Common Stock is reported for such date, on the next preceding date on which any sale shall have been reported); and (ii) in the absence of an established market for the Common Stock, the Fair Market Value thereof shall be determined in good faith by the Committee by the reasonable application of a reasonable valuation method, taking into account factors consistent with Treas. Reg. § 409A-1(b)(5)(iv)(B) as the Committee deems appropriate.
(r) Incentive Bonus means a bonus opportunity awarded under Section 12 pursuant to which a Participant may become entitled to receive an amount based on satisfaction of such performance criteria established for a specified performance period as specified in the Award Agreement.
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(s) Incentive Stock Option means an Option that is intended to qualify as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code.
(t) Nonqualified Stock Option means an Option that is not intended to qualify as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code.
(u) Option means a right to purchase a number of shares of Common Stock at such exercise price, at such times and on such other terms and conditions as are specified in or determined pursuant to an Award Agreement. Options granted pursuant to the Plan may be Incentive Stock Options or Nonqualified Stock Options.
(v) Other Stock-Based Award means an Award granted to an Eligible Person under Section 11.
(w) Participant means any Eligible Person to whom Awards have been granted from time to time by the Committee and any authorized transferee of such individual.
(x) Person shall have the meaning given in Section 3(a)(9) of the Act, as modified and used in Sections 14(d) and 15(d) thereof, except that such term shall not include (i) the Company or any of its Affiliates, (ii) a trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iii) an underwriter temporarily holding securities pursuant to an offering of such securities or (iv) a corporation owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company.
(y) Restricted Stock means an Award or issuance of Common Stock the grant, issuance, vesting and/or transferability of which is subject during specified periods of time to such conditions (including continued employment or engagement or performance conditions) and terms as the Committee deems appropriate.
(z) Restricted Stock Unit means an Award denominated in units of Common Stock under which the issuance of shares of Common Stock (or cash payment in lieu thereof) is subject to such conditions (including continued employment or engagement or performance conditions) and terms as the Committee deems appropriate.
(aa) Separation from Service or Separates from Service means a Termination of Employment that constitutes a separation from service within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code.
(bb) Stock Appreciation Right or SAR means a right granted that entitles the Participant to receive, in cash or Common Stock or a combination thereof, as determined by the Committee, value equal to the excess of (i) the Fair Market Value of a specified number of shares of Common Stock at the time of exercise over (ii) the exercise price of the right, as established by the Committee on the date of grant.
(cc) Subsidiary means any business association (including a corporation or a partnership, other than the Company) in an unbroken chain of such associations beginning with the Company if each of the associations other than the last association in the unbroken chain owns equity interests (including stock or partnership interests) possessing 50% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of equity interests in one of the other associations in such chain.
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(dd) Substitute Awards means Awards granted or Common Stock issued by the Company in assumption of, or in substitution or exchange for, awards previously granted, or the right or obligation to make future awards, by a company acquired by the Company or any Subsidiary or with which the Company or any Subsidiary combines.
(ee) Termination of Employment means ceasing to serve as an employee of the Company and its Subsidiaries or, with respect to a non-employee director or other service provider, ceasing to serve as such for the Company and its Subsidiaries, except that with respect to all or any Awards held by a Participant (i) the Committee may determine that a leave of absence or employment on a less than full-time basis is considered a Termination of Employment, (ii) the Committee may determine that a transition from employment to service with a partnership, joint venture or corporation not meeting the requirements of a Subsidiary in which the Company or a Subsidiary is a party is not considered a Termination of Employment, (iii) service as a member of the Board shall constitute continued employment with respect to Awards granted to a Participant while he or she served as an employee, (iv) service as an employee of the Company or a Subsidiary shall constitute continued employment with respect to Awards granted to a Participant while he or she served as a member of the Board or other service provider, and (v) the Committee may determine that a transition from employment with the Company or a Subsidiary to service to the Company or a Subsidiary other than as an employee shall constitute a Termination of Employment. The Committee shall determine whether any corporate transaction, such as a sale or spin-off of a division or Subsidiary that employs or engages a Participant, shall be deemed to result in a Termination of Employment with the Company and its Subsidiaries for purposes of any affected Participants Awards, and the Committees decision shall be final and binding.
3. | Eligibility |
Any Eligible Person is eligible for selection by the Committee to receive an Award.
4. | Effective Date and Termination of Plan |
This Plan became effective on , 2023 (the Effective Date). The Plan shall remain available for the grant of Awards until the 10th anniversary of the Effective Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Plan may be terminated at such earlier time as the Board may determine. Termination of the Plan will not affect the rights and obligations of the Participants and the Company arising under Awards theretofore granted.
5. | Shares Subject to the Plan and to Awards |
(a) Aggregate Limits. The aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issuable under the Plan shall be equal to (i) , plus (ii) any shares of Common Stock added as a result of the following sentence (collectively, the Share Pool). The Share Pool will automatically increase on January 1 of each year beginning in 2024 and ending with a final increase on January 1, 2033 in an amount equal to % of the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on such date; provided, however, that the Committee may provide that there will be no January 1
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increase in the Share Pool for any such year or that the increase in the Share Pool for any such year will be a smaller number of shares of Common Stock than would otherwise occur pursuant to the preceding sentence. The aggregate number of shares of Common Stock available for grant under this Plan and the number of shares of Common Stock subject to Awards outstanding at the time of any event described in Section 16 shall be subject to adjustment as provided in Section 16. The shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to Awards granted under this Plan may be shares that are authorized and unissued or shares that were reacquired by the Company, including shares purchased in the open market.
(b) Issuance of Shares. For purposes of Section 5(a), the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issued under this Plan at any time shall equal only the number of shares of Common Stock actually issued upon exercise or settlement of an Award. Shares of Common Stock subject to Awards that have been canceled, expired, forfeited or otherwise not issued under an Award and shares of Common Stock subject to Awards settled in cash shall not count as shares of Common Stock issued under this Plan. The aggregate number of shares available for issuance under this Plan at any time shall not be reduced by (i) shares subject to Awards that have been terminated, expired unexercised, forfeited or settled in cash, (ii) shares subject to Awards that have been retained or withheld by the Company in payment or satisfaction of the exercise price, purchase price or tax withholding obligation of an Award, or (iii) shares subject to Awards that otherwise do not result in the issuance of shares in connection with payment or settlement thereof. In addition, shares that have been delivered (either actually or by attestation) to the Company in payment or satisfaction of the exercise price, purchase price or tax withholding obligation of an Award shall be available for issuance under this Plan.
(c) Substitute Awards. Substitute Awards shall not reduce the shares of Common Stock authorized for issuance under the Plan or authorized for grant to a Participant in any calendar year. Additionally, in the event that a company acquired by the Company or any Subsidiary, or with which the Company or any Subsidiary combines, has shares available under a pre-existing plan approved by stockholders and not adopted in contemplation of such acquisition or combination, the shares available for grant pursuant to the terms of such pre-existing plan (as adjusted, to the extent appropriate, using the exchange ratio or other adjustment or valuation ratio or formula used in such acquisition or combination to determine the consideration payable to the holders of common stock of the entities party to such acquisition or combination) may be used for Awards under the Plan and shall not reduce the shares of Common Stock authorized for issuance under the Plan; provided that, Awards using such available shares (i) shall not be made after the date awards or grants could have been made under the terms of the pre-existing plan, absent the acquisition or combination, (ii) shall only be made to individuals who were employees of such acquired or combined company before such acquisition or combination, and (iii) shall comply with the requirements of any stock exchange or market or quotation system on which the Common Stock is traded, listed or quoted.
(d) Tax Code Limits. The aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of Incentive Stock Options granted under this Plan shall be equal to , which number shall be calculated and adjusted pursuant to Section 16 only to the extent that such calculation or adjustment will not affect the status of any Option intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option under Section 422 of the Code.
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(e) Limits on Non-Employee Director Compensation. The aggregate dollar value of equity-based (based on the grant date Fair Market Value of equity-based Awards) and cash compensation granted under this Plan or otherwise during any calendar year to any non-employee director shall not exceed $ ; provided, however, that in the calendar year in which a non-employee director first joins the Board or during any calendar year in which a non-employee director is designated as Chairman of the Board or Lead Director, the maximum aggregate dollar value of equity-based and cash compensation granted to the non-employee director may be up to $ .
6. | Administration of the Plan |
(a) Administrator of the Plan. The Plan shall be administered by the Committee. The Board shall fill vacancies on, and from time to time may remove or add members to, the Committee. The Committee shall act pursuant to a majority vote or unanimous written consent. Any power of the Committee may also be exercised by the Board, except to the extent that the grant or exercise of such authority would cause any Award or transaction to become subject to (or lose an exemption under) the short-swing profit recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Act. To the extent that any permitted action taken by the Board conflicts with action taken by the Committee, the Board action shall control. To the maximum extent permissible under applicable law, the Committee (or any successor) may by resolution delegate any or all of its authority to one or more subcommittees composed of one or more directors and/or officers of the Company, and any such subcommittee shall be treated as the Committee for all purposes under this Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Board or the Committee (or any successor) delegates to a subcommittee comprised of one or more officers of the Company (who are not also directors) the authority to grant Awards, the resolution so authorizing such subcommittee shall specify the total number of shares of Common Stock such subcommittee may award pursuant to such delegated authority, and no such subcommittee shall designate any officer serving thereon or any officer (within the meaning of Section 16 of the Act) or non-employee director of the Company as a recipient of any Awards granted under such delegated authority. The Committee hereby delegates to and designates the Vice President of Finance of the Company (or such other officer with similar authority), and to his or her delegates or designees, the authority to assist the Committee in the day-to-day administration of the Plan and of Awards granted under the Plan, including those powers set forth in Section 6(b)(iv) through (ix) and to execute Award Agreements or other documents entered into under this Plan on behalf of the Committee or the Company. The Committee may further designate and delegate to one or more additional officers or employees of the Company or any Subsidiary, and/or one or more agents, authority to assist the Committee in any or all aspects of the day-to-day administration of the Plan and/or of Awards granted under the Plan.
(b) Powers of Committee. Subject to the express provisions of this Plan, the Committee shall be authorized and empowered to do all things that it determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with the administration of this Plan, including:
(i) to prescribe, amend and rescind rules and regulations relating to this Plan and to define terms not otherwise defined herein;
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(ii) to determine which Persons are Eligible Persons, to which of such Eligible Persons, if any, Awards shall be granted hereunder and the timing of any such Awards;
(iii) to prescribe and amend the terms of the Award Agreements, to grant Awards and determine the terms and conditions thereof;
(iv) to establish and verify the extent of satisfaction of any performance goals or other conditions applicable to the grant, issuance, retention, vesting, exercisability or settlement of any Award;
(v) to prescribe and amend the terms of or form of any document or notice required to be delivered to the Company by Participants under this Plan;
(vi) to determine the extent to which adjustments are required pursuant to Section 16;
(vii) to interpret and construe this Plan, any rules and regulations under this Plan and the terms and conditions of any Award granted hereunder, and to make exceptions to any such provisions if the Committee, in good faith, determines that it is appropriate to do so;
(viii) to approve corrections in the documentation or administration of any Award; and
(ix) to make all other determinations deemed necessary or advisable for the administration of this Plan.
Notwithstanding anything in this Plan to the contrary, with respect to any Award that is deferred compensation under Section 409A of the Code, the Committee shall exercise its discretion in a manner that causes such Awards to be compliant with or exempt from the requirements of Section 409A of the Code. Without limiting the foregoing, unless expressly agreed to in writing by the Participant holding such Award, the Committee shall not take any action with respect to any Award which constitutes (x) a modification of a stock right within the meaning of Treas. Reg. § 1.409A-1(b)(5)(v)(B) so as to constitute the grant of a new stock right, (y) an extension of a stock right, including the addition of a feature for the deferral of compensation within the meaning of Treas. Reg. § 1.409A-1 (b)(5)(v)(C), or (z) an impermissible acceleration of a payment date or a subsequent deferral of a stock right subject to Section 409A of the Code within the meaning of Treas. Reg. § 1.409A-1(b)(5)(v)(E).
The Committee may, in its sole and absolute discretion, without amendment to the Plan but subject to the limitations otherwise set forth in Section 20, waive or amend the operation of Plan provisions respecting exercise after Termination of Employment. The Committee or any member thereof may, in its sole and absolute discretion, except as otherwise provided in Section 20, waive, settle or adjust any of the terms of any Award so as to avoid unanticipated consequences or address unanticipated events (including any temporary closure of an applicable stock exchange, disruption of communications or natural catastrophe).
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(c) Determinations by the Committee. All decisions, determinations and interpretations by the Committee regarding the Plan, any rules and regulations under the Plan and the terms and conditions of, or operation of, any Award granted hereunder, shall be final and binding on all Participants, beneficiaries, heirs, assigns or other persons holding or claiming rights under the Plan or any Award. The Committee shall consider such factors as it deems relevant, in its sole and absolute discretion, to making such decisions, determinations and interpretations, including the recommendations or advice of any officer or other employee of the Company and such attorneys, consultants and accountants as it may select. Members of the Board and members of the Committee acting under the Plan shall be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the advice of counsel and shall incur no liability except for as a result of gross negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of their duties.
(d) Subsidiary Awards. In the case of a grant of an Award to any Participant employed by a Subsidiary, such grant may, if the Committee so directs, be implemented by the Company issuing any subject shares of Common Stock to the Subsidiary, for such lawful consideration as the Committee may determine, upon the condition or understanding that the Subsidiary will transfer the shares of Common Stock to the Participant in accordance with the terms of the Award specified by the Committee pursuant to the provisions of the Plan. Notwithstanding any other provision hereof, such Award may be issued by and in the name of the Subsidiary and shall be deemed granted on such date as the Committee shall determine.
7. | Plan Awards |
(a) Terms Set Forth in Award Agreement. Awards may be granted to Eligible Persons as determined by the Committee at any time and from time to time prior to the termination of the Plan. The terms and conditions of each Award shall be set forth in an Award Agreement in a form approved by the Committee for such Award, which Award Agreement may contain such terms and conditions as specified from time to time by the Committee, provided such terms and conditions do not conflict with the Plan. The Award Agreement for any Award (other than Restricted Stock Awards) shall include the time or times at or within which and the consideration, if any, for which any shares of Common Stock or cash, as applicable, may be acquired from the Company. The terms of Awards may vary among Participants, and the Plan does not impose upon the Committee any requirement to make Awards subject to uniform terms. Accordingly, the terms of individual Award Agreements may vary.
(b) Termination of Employment. Subject to the express provisions of the Plan, the Committee shall specify before, at, or after the time of grant of an Award the provisions governing the effect(s) upon an Award of a Participants Termination of Employment.
(c) Rights of a Stockholder. A Participant shall have no rights as a stockholder with respect to shares of Common Stock covered by an Award (including voting rights) until the date the Participant becomes the holder of record of such shares of Common Stock. No adjustment shall be made for dividends or other rights for which the record date is prior to such date, except as provided in Sections 10(b), 11(b) or 16 of this Plan or as otherwise provided by the Committee.
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8. | Options |
(a) Grant, Term and Price. The grant, issuance, retention, vesting and/or settlement of any Option shall occur at such time and be subject to such terms and conditions as determined by the Committee or under criteria established by the Committee, which may include conditions based on continued employment or engagement, passage of time, attainment of age and/or service requirements, and/or satisfaction of performance conditions. The term of an Option shall in no event be greater than 10 years; provided, however, the term of an Option (other than an Incentive Stock Option) shall be automatically extended if, at the time of its scheduled expiration, the Participant holding such Option is prohibited by law or the Companys insider trading policy from exercising the Option, which extension shall expire on the 30th day following the date such prohibition no longer applies. The Committee will establish the price at which Common Stock may be purchased upon exercise of an Option, which in no event will be less than the Fair Market Value of such shares on the date of grant; provided, however, that the exercise price per share of Common Stock with respect to an Option that is granted as a Substitute Award may be less than the Fair Market Value of the shares of Common Stock on the date such Option is granted if such exercise price is based on a formula set forth in the terms of the options held by such optionees or in the terms of the agreement providing for such merger or other acquisition that satisfies the requirements of (i) Section 409A of the Code, if such options held by such optionees are not intended to qualify as incentive stock options within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code, and (ii) Section 424(a) of the Code, if such options held by such optionees are intended to qualify as incentive stock options within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code. The exercise price of any Option may be paid in cash or such other method as determined by the Committee, including an irrevocable commitment by a broker to pay over such amount from a sale of the shares of Common Stock issuable under an Option, the delivery of previously owned shares of Common Stock or withholding of shares of Common Stock deliverable upon exercise.
(b) No Repricing without Stockholder Approval. Other than in connection with a change in the Companys capitalization (as described in Section 16), the Committee shall not, without stockholder approval, reduce the exercise price of a previously awarded Option, and at any time when the exercise price of a previously awarded Option is above the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock, the Committee shall not, without stockholder approval, cancel and re-grant or exchange such Option for cash or a new Award with a lower (or no) exercise price.
(c) No Reload Grants. Options shall not be granted under the Plan in consideration for, and shall not be conditioned upon the delivery of, shares of Common Stock to the Company in payment of the exercise price and/or tax withholding obligation under any other employee stock option.
(d) Incentive Stock Options. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 8, in the case of the grant of an Incentive Stock Option, if the Participant owns stock possessing more than 10% of the combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company, the exercise price of such Option must be at least 110% of the Fair Market Value of the shares of Common Stock on the date of grant and the Option must expire within a period of not more than five years from the date of grant. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 8 to the contrary, Options designated as Incentive Stock Options shall not be eligible for treatment under the Code as Incentive Stock Options (and will be deemed to be Nonqualified Stock Options) to the extent that
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either (i) the aggregate Fair Market Value of shares of Common Stock (determined as of the time of grant) with respect to which such Options are exercisable for the first time by the Participant during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company and any Subsidiary) exceeds $100,000, taking Options into account in the order in which they were granted, or (ii) such Options otherwise remain exercisable but are not exercised within three months (or such other period of time provided in Section 422 of the Code) of separation of service (as determined in accordance with Section 3401(c) of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder).
(e) No Stockholder Rights. Participants shall have no voting rights and will have no rights to receive dividends or Dividend Equivalents in respect of an Option or any shares of Common Stock subject to an Option until the Participant has become the holder of record of such shares.
9. | Stock Appreciation Rights |
(a) General Terms. The grant, issuance, retention, vesting and/or settlement of any Stock Appreciation Right shall occur at such time and be subject to such terms and conditions as determined by the Committee or under criteria established by the Committee, which may include conditions based on continued employment or engagement, passage of time, attainment of age and/or service requirements, and/or satisfaction of performance conditions. Stock Appreciation Rights may be granted to Participants from time to time either in tandem with or as a component of Options granted under the Plan (tandem SARs) or not in conjunction with other Awards (freestanding SARs). Upon exercise of a tandem SAR as to some or all of the shares covered by the grant, the related Option shall be canceled automatically to the extent of the number of shares covered by such exercise. Conversely, if the related Option is exercised as to some or all of the shares covered by the grant, the related tandem SAR, if any, shall be canceled automatically to the extent of the number of shares covered by the Option exercise. Any Stock Appreciation Right granted in tandem with an Option may be granted at the same time such Option is granted or at any time thereafter before exercise or expiration of such Option, provided that the Fair Market Value of Common Stock on the date of the SARs grant is not greater than the exercise price of the related Option. All freestanding SARs shall be granted subject to the same terms and conditions applicable to Options as set forth in Section 8 and all tandem SARs shall have the same exercise price as the Option to which they relate. Subject to the provisions of Section 8 and the immediately preceding sentence, the Committee may impose such other conditions or restrictions on any Stock Appreciation Right as it shall deem appropriate. Stock Appreciation Rights may be settled in Common Stock, cash, Restricted Stock or a combination thereof, as determined by the Committee and set forth in the applicable Award Agreement.
(b) No Repricing without Stockholder Approval. Other than in connection with a change in the Companys capitalization (as described in Section 16), the Committee shall not, without stockholder approval, reduce the exercise price of a previously awarded Stock Appreciation Right, and at any time when the exercise price of a previously awarded Stock Appreciation Right is above the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock, the Committee shall not, without stockholder approval, cancel and re-grant or exchange such Stock Appreciation Right for cash or a new Award with a lower (or no) exercise price.
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(c) No Stockholder Rights. Participants shall have no voting rights and will have no rights to receive dividends or Dividend Equivalents in respect of an Award of Stock Appreciation Rights or any shares of Common Stock subject to an Award of Stock Appreciation Rights until the Participant has become the holder of record of such shares.
10. | Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units |
(a) Vesting and Performance Criteria. The grant, issuance, vesting and/or settlement of any Award of Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Units shall occur at such time and be subject to such terms and conditions as determined by the Committee or under criteria established by the Committee, which may include conditions based on continued employment or engagement, passage of time, attainment of age and/or service requirements, and/or satisfaction of performance conditions. In addition, the Committee shall have the right to grant Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Unit Awards as the form of payment for grants or rights earned or due under other stockholder-approved compensation plans or arrangements of the Company.
(b) Dividends and Distributions. Participants in whose name Restricted Stock is granted shall be entitled to receive all dividends and other distributions paid with respect to those shares of Common Stock, unless determined otherwise by the Committee. The Committee will determine whether any such dividends or distributions will be automatically reinvested in additional shares of Restricted Stock and/or subject to the same restrictions on transferability as the Restricted Stock with respect to which they were distributed or whether such dividends or distributions will be paid in cash. Shares underlying Restricted Stock Units shall be entitled to dividends or distributions only to the extent provided by the Committee. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in no event will dividends or Dividend Equivalents be paid during the performance period with respect to unearned Awards of Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Units that are subject to performance-based vesting criteria. Dividends or Dividend Equivalents accrued on such shares shall become payable no earlier than the date the performance-based vesting criteria have been achieved and the underlying shares or Restricted Stock Units have been earned.
11. | Other Stock-Based Awards |
(a) General Terms. The Committee is authorized, subject to limitations under applicable law, to grant to Eligible Persons such other Awards that may be denominated or payable in, valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on, or related to, Common Stock, as deemed by the Committee to be consistent with the purposes of the Plan. The Committee shall determine the terms and conditions of such Other Stock-Based Awards. Common Stock delivered pursuant to an Other Stock-Based Award in the nature of a purchase right granted under this Section 11 shall be purchased for such consideration, paid for at such times, by such methods, and in such forms, including cash, Common Stock, other Awards, or other property, as the Committee shall determine.
(b) Dividends and Distributions. Shares underlying Other Stock-Based Awards shall be entitled to dividends or distributions only to the extent provided by the Committee. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in no event will Dividend Equivalents be paid during the performance period with respect to unearned Other Stock-Based Awards that are subject to performance-based vesting criteria. Dividend Equivalents accrued on such shares shall become payable no earlier than the date the performance-based vesting criteria have been achieved and the shares underlying the Other Stock-Based Award have been earned.
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12. | Incentive Bonuses |
(a) Performance Criteria. The Committee shall establish the performance criteria and level of achievement versus such criteria that shall determine the amount payable under an Incentive Bonus, which may include a target, threshold and/or maximum amount payable and any formula for determining such achievement, and which criteria may be based on performance conditions.
(b) Timing and Form of Payment. The Committee shall determine the timing of payment of any Incentive Bonus. Payment of the amount due under an Incentive Bonus may be made in cash or in Common Stock, as determined by the Committee.
(c) Discretionary Adjustments. Notwithstanding satisfaction of any performance goals and, the amount paid under an Incentive Bonus on account of either financial performance or personal performance evaluations may be adjusted by the Committee on the basis of such further considerations as the Committee shall determine.
13. | Performance Awards |
The Committee may establish performance criteria and level of achievement versus such criteria that shall determine the number of shares of Common Stock, Restricted Stock Units, or cash to be granted, retained, vested, issued or issuable under or in settlement of or the amount payable pursuant to an Award (any such Award, a Performance Award). A Performance Award may be identified as Performance Share, Performance Equity, Performance Unit or other such term as chosen by the Committee.
14. | Deferral of Payment |
The Committee may, in an Award Agreement or otherwise, provide for the deferred delivery of Common Stock or cash upon settlement, vesting or other events with respect to Restricted Stock Units, Other Stock-Based Awards or in payment or satisfaction of an Incentive Bonus. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in no event will any election to defer the delivery of Common Stock or any other payment with respect to any Award be allowed if the Committee determines, in its sole discretion, that the deferral would result in the imposition of the additional tax under Section 409A(a)(1)(B) of the Code. No Award shall provide for deferral of compensation that does not comply with Section 409A of the Code. The Company, any Subsidiary or Affiliate which is in existence or hereafter comes into existence, the Board and the Committee shall have no liability to a Participant, or any other party, if an Award that is intended to be exempt from, or compliant with, Section 409A of the Code is not so exempt or compliant or for any action taken by the Board or the Committee.
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15. | Conditions and Restrictions Upon Securities Subject to Awards |
The Committee may provide that the Common Stock issued upon exercise of an Option or Stock Appreciation Right or otherwise subject to or issued under an Award shall be subject to such further agreements, restrictions, conditions or limitations as the Committee in its discretion may specify prior to the exercise of such Option or Stock Appreciation Right or the grant, vesting or settlement of such Award, including conditions on vesting or transferability, forfeiture or repurchase provisions and method of payment for the Common Stock issued upon exercise, vesting or settlement of such Award (including the actual or constructive surrender of Common Stock already owned by the Participant) or payment of taxes arising in connection with an Award. Without limiting the foregoing, such restrictions may address the timing and manner of any resales by the Participant or other subsequent transfers by the Participant of any shares of Common Stock issued under an Award, including (a) restrictions under an insider trading policy or pursuant to applicable law, (b) restrictions designed to delay and/or coordinate the timing and manner of sales by the Participant and holders of other Company equity compensation arrangements, (c) restrictions as to the use of a specified brokerage firm for such resales or other transfers and (d) provisions requiring Common Stock be sold on the open market or to the Company in order to satisfy tax withholding or other obligations.
16. | Adjustment of and Changes in the Stock |
(a) The number and kind of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under this Plan (including under any Awards then outstanding), and the number and kind of shares of Common Stock subject to the limits set forth in Section 5, shall be equitably adjusted by the Committee to reflect any reorganization, reclassification, combination of shares, stock split, reverse stock split, spin-off, dividend or distribution of securities, property or cash (other than regular, quarterly cash dividends), or any other event or transaction that affects the number or kind of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Such adjustment may be designed to comply with Section 424 of the Code or may be designed to treat the shares of Common Stock available under the Plan and subject to Awards as if they were all outstanding on the record date for such event or transaction or to increase the number of such shares of Common Stock to reflect a deemed reinvestment in shares of Common Stock of the amount distributed to the Companys securityholders. The terms of any outstanding Award shall also be equitably adjusted by the Committee as to price, number or kind of shares of Common Stock subject to such Award, vesting, and other terms to reflect the foregoing events, which adjustments need not be uniform as between different Awards or different types of Awards. No fractional shares of Common Stock shall be issued or issuable pursuant to such an adjustment.
(b) In the event there shall be any other change in the number or kind of outstanding shares of Common Stock, or any stock or other securities into which such Common Stock shall have been changed, or for which it shall have been exchanged, by reason of a Change in Control, other merger, consolidation or otherwise, then the Committee shall determine the appropriate and equitable adjustment to be effected, which adjustments need not be uniform between different Awards or different types of Awards. In addition, in the event of such change described in this paragraph, the Committee may accelerate the time or times at which any Award may be exercised, consistent with and as otherwise permitted under Section 409A of the Code, and may provide for cancellation of such accelerated Awards that are not exercised within a time prescribed by the Committee in its sole discretion.
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(c) Unless otherwise expressly provided in the Award Agreement or another contract, including an employment, offer, services or severance agreement or letter, or under the terms of a transaction constituting a Change in Control, the Committee shall provide that any or all of the following shall occur upon a Participants Termination of Employment without Cause within 24 months following a Change in Control: (i) in the case of an Option or Stock Appreciation Right, the Participant shall have the ability to exercise any portion of the Option or Stock Appreciation Right not previously exercisable, (ii) in the case of any Award the vesting of which is in whole or in part subject to performance criteria or an Incentive Bonus, all conditions to the grant, issuance, retention, vesting or transferability of, or any other restrictions applicable to, such Award shall immediately lapse and the Participant shall have the right to receive a payment based on target level achievement or actual performance through a date determined by the Committee, and (iii) in the case of outstanding Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units or Other Stock-Based Awards (other than those referenced in subsection (ii)), all conditions to the grant, issuance, retention, vesting or transferability of, or any other restrictions applicable to, such Award shall immediately lapse. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in the event of a Change in Control in which the acquiring or surviving company in the transaction does not assume or continue outstanding Awards or issue substitute awards upon the Change in Control, immediately prior to the Change in Control, all Awards that are not assumed, continued or substituted for shall be treated as follows effective immediately prior to the Change in Control: (A) in the case of an Option or Stock Appreciation Right, the Participant shall have the ability to exercise such Option or Stock Appreciation Right, including any portion of the Option or Stock Appreciation Right not previously exercisable, (B) in the case of any Award the vesting of which is in whole or in part subject to performance criteria or an Incentive Bonus, all conditions to the grant, issuance, retention, vesting or transferability of, or any other restrictions applicable to, such Award shall immediately lapse and the Participant shall have the right to receive a payment based on target level achievement or actual performance through a date determined by the Committee, as determined by the Committee, and (C) in the case of outstanding Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units or Other Stock-Based Awards (other than those referenced in subsection (B)), all conditions to the grant, issuance, retention, vesting or transferability of, or any other restrictions applicable to, such Award shall immediately lapse. In no event shall any action be taken pursuant to this Section 16(c) that would change the payment or settlement date of an Award in a manner that would result in the imposition of any additional taxes or penalties pursuant to Section 409A of the Code.
(d) Notwithstanding anything in this Section 16 to the contrary, in the event of a Change in Control, the Committee may provide for the cancellation and cash settlement of all outstanding Awards upon such Change in Control.
(e) Notwithstanding anything in this Section 16 to the contrary, an adjustment to an Option or Stock Appreciation Right under this Section 16 shall be made in a manner that will not result in the grant of a new Option or Stock Appreciation Right under Section 409A of the Code.
17. | Transferability |
Each Award may not be sold, transferred for value, pledged, assigned, or otherwise alienated or hypothecated by a Participant other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution, and each Option or Stock Appreciation Right shall be exercisable only by the Participant during his or her lifetime. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) outstanding Options may be exercised following the Participants death by the Participants beneficiaries or as permitted by the Committee and (b) a
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Participant may transfer or assign an Award as a gift to an entity wholly owned by such Participant (an Assignee Entity), provided that such Assignee Entity shall be entitled to exercise assigned Options and Stock Appreciation Rights only during the lifetime of the assigning Participant (or following the assigning Participants death, by the Participants beneficiaries or as otherwise permitted by the Committee) and provided further that such Assignee Entity shall not further sell, pledge, transfer, assign or otherwise alienate or hypothecate such Award.
18. | Compliance with Laws and Regulations |
(a) This Plan, the grant, issuance, vesting, exercise and settlement of Awards hereunder, and the obligation of the Company to sell, issue or deliver shares of Common Stock under such Awards, shall be subject to all applicable foreign, federal, state and local laws, rules and regulations, stock exchange rules and regulations, and to such approvals by any governmental or regulatory agency as may be required. The Company shall not be required to register in a Participants name or deliver Common Stock prior to the completion of any registration or qualification of such shares under any foreign, federal, state or local law or any ruling or regulation of any government body which the Committee shall determine to be necessary or advisable. To the extent the Company is unable to or the Committee deems it infeasible to obtain authority from any regulatory body having jurisdiction, which authority is deemed by the Companys counsel to be necessary to the lawful issuance and sale of any shares of Common Stock hereunder, the Company and its Subsidiaries shall be relieved of any liability with respect to the failure to issue or sell such shares of Common Stock as to which such requisite authority shall not have been obtained. No Option shall be exercisable and no Common Stock shall be issued and/or transferable under any other Award unless a registration statement with respect to the Common Stock underlying such Option is effective and current or the Company has determined, in its sole and absolute discretion, that such registration is unnecessary.
(b) In the event an Award is granted to or held by a Participant who is employed or providing services outside the United States, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, modify the provisions of the Plan or of such Award as they pertain to such individual to comply with applicable foreign law or to recognize differences in local law, currency or tax policy. The Committee may also impose conditions on the grant, issuance, exercise, vesting, settlement or retention of Awards in order to comply with such foreign law and/or to minimize the Companys obligations with respect to tax equalization for Participants employed outside their home country.
19. | Withholding |
To the extent required by applicable federal, state, local or foreign law, the Committee may, and/or a Participant shall, make arrangements satisfactory to the Company for the satisfaction of any withholding tax obligations that arise with respect to any Award or the issuance or sale of any shares of Common Stock. The Company shall not be required to recognize any Participant rights under an Award, to issue shares of Common Stock or to recognize the disposition of such shares of Common Stock until such obligations are satisfied. To the extent permitted or required by the Committee, these obligations may or shall be satisfied by the Company withholding cash from any compensation otherwise payable to or for the benefit of a Participant, the Company withholding a portion of the shares of Common Stock that otherwise would be issued to a Participant under such Award or any other Award held by the Participant, or by the Participant tendering to the Company cash or, if allowed by the Committee, shares of Common Stock.
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20. | Amendment of the Plan or Awards |
The Board may amend, alter or discontinue this Plan, and the Committee may amend or alter any Award Agreement or other document evidencing an Award made under this Plan; however, except as provided pursuant to the provisions of Section 16, no such amendment shall, without the approval of the stockholders of the Company:
(a) increase the maximum number of shares of Common Stock for which Awards may be granted under this Plan;
(b) reduce the price at which Options may be granted below the price provided for in Section 8(a);
(c) reprice outstanding Options or SARs as described in Sections 8(b) and 9(b);
(d) extend the term of this Plan;
(e) change the class of Persons eligible to be Participants;
(f) increase the individual maximum limits in Section 5(e); or
(g) otherwise amend the Plan in any manner requiring stockholder approval by law or the rules of any stock exchange or market or quotation system on which the Common Stock is traded, listed or quoted.
No amendment or alteration to the Plan or an Award or Award Agreement shall be made which would materially impair the rights of the holder of an Award without such holders consent; provided that no such consent shall be required if the Committee determines in its sole discretion and prior to the date of any Change in Control that such amendment or alteration either (i) is required or advisable in order for the Company, the Plan or the Award to satisfy any law or regulation or to meet the requirements of, or avoid adverse financial accounting consequences under, any accounting standard, or (ii) is not reasonably likely to significantly diminish the benefits provided under such Award, or that any such diminishment has been adequately compensated.
21. | No Liability of Company |
The Company, any Subsidiary or Affiliate which is in existence or hereafter comes into existence, the Board and the Committee shall not be liable to a Participant or any other person as to: (a) the non-issuance or sale of shares of Common Stock as to which the Company has been unable to obtain from any regulatory body having jurisdiction the authority deemed by the Companys counsel to be necessary to the lawful issuance and sale of any shares of Common Stock hereunder; and (b) any tax consequence expected, but not realized, by any Participant or other person due to the receipt, vesting, exercise or settlement of any Award granted hereunder.
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22. | Non-Exclusivity of Plan |
Neither the adoption of this Plan by the Board nor the submission of this Plan to the stockholders of the Company for approval shall be construed as creating any limitations on the power of the Board or the Committee to adopt such other incentive arrangements as either may deem desirable, including the granting of Restricted Stock or Options otherwise than under this Plan, and such arrangements may be either generally applicable or applicable only in specific cases.
23. | Governing Law |
This Plan and any agreements or other documents hereunder shall be interpreted and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware and applicable federal law. Any reference in this Plan or in the agreement or other document evidencing any Awards to a provision of law or to a rule or regulation shall be deemed to include any successor law, rule or regulation of similar effect or applicability.
24. | No Right to Employment, Reelection or Continued Service |
Nothing in this Plan or an Award Agreement shall interfere with or limit in any way the right of the Company, its Subsidiaries and/or its Affiliates to terminate any Participants employment, service on the Board or service at any time or for any reason not prohibited by law, nor shall this Plan or an Award itself confer upon any Participant any right to continue his or her employment or service for any specified period of time. Neither an Award nor any benefits arising under this Plan shall constitute an employment contract with the Company, any Subsidiary and/or its Affiliates. Subject to Sections 4 and 20, this Plan and the benefits hereunder may be terminated at any time in the sole and exclusive discretion of the Board without giving rise to any liability on the part of the Company, its Subsidiaries and/or its Affiliates.
25. | Specified Employee Delay |
To the extent any payment under this Plan is considered deferred compensation subject to the restrictions contained in Section 409A of the Code, such payment may not be made to a specified employee (as determined in accordance with a uniform policy adopted by the Company with respect to all arrangements subject to Section 409A of the Code) upon Separation from Service before the date that is six months after the specified employees Separation form Service (or, if earlier, the specified employees death). Any payment that would otherwise be made during this period of delay shall be accumulated and paid on the sixth month plus one day following the specified employees Separation from Service (or, if earlier, as soon as administratively practicable after the specified employees death).
26. | No Liability of Committee Members |
No member of the Committee shall be personally liable by reason of any contract or other instrument executed by such member or on his or her behalf in his or her capacity as a member of the Committee nor for any mistake of judgment made in good faith, and the Company shall indemnify and hold harmless each member of the Committee and each other employee, officer or director of the Company to whom any duty or power relating to the administration or interpretation of the Plan may be allocated or delegated, against any cost or expense (including counsel fees) or
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liability (including any sum paid in settlement of a claim) arising out of any act or omission to act in connection with the Plan, unless arising out of such Persons own fraud or willful bad faith; provided, however, that approval of the Board shall be required for the payment of any amount in settlement of a claim against any such Person. The foregoing right of indemnification shall not be exclusive of any other rights of indemnification to which such Persons may be entitled under the Companys Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws (as each may be amended from time to time), as a matter of law, or otherwise, or any power that the Company may have to indemnify them or hold them harmless.
27. | Severability |
If any provision of the Plan or any Award is or becomes or is deemed to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable in any jurisdiction or as to any Person or Award, or would disqualify the Plan or any Award under any law deemed applicable by the Committee, such provision shall be construed or deemed amended to conform to the applicable laws, or if it cannot be construed or deemed amended without, in the determination of the Committee, materially altering the intent of the Plan or the Award, such provision shall be stricken as to such jurisdiction, Person or Award, and the remainder of the Plan and any such Award shall remain in full force and effect.
28. | Unfunded Plan |
The Plan is intended to be an unfunded plan. Participants are and shall at all times be general creditors of the Company with respect to their Awards. If the Committee or the Company chooses to set aside funds in a trust or otherwise for the payment of Awards under the Plan, such funds shall at all times be subject to the claims of the creditors of the Company in the event of its bankruptcy or insolvency.
29. | Clawback/Recoupment |
Awards granted under this Plan will be subject to recoupment in accordance with any clawback policy that the Company adopts or is required to adopt pursuant to the listing standards of any national securities exchange or association on which the Companys securities are listed or as is otherwise required by Section 10D of the Act, Rule 10D-1 promulgated under the Act or other applicable law. In addition, the Committee may impose such other clawback, recovery or recoupment provisions in an Award Agreement as the Committee determines necessary or appropriate, including a reacquisition right in respect of previously acquired shares of Common Stock or other cash or property upon the occurrence of misconduct. No recovery of compensation under such a clawback policy will be an event giving rise to a right to resign for good reason or be deemed a constructive termination (or any similar term) as such terms are used in any agreement between any Participant and the Company.
30. | Interpretation |
Headings are given to the Sections and subsections of the Plan solely as a convenience to facilitate reference and shall not be deemed in any way material or relevant to the construction or interpretation of the Plan or any provision thereof. Words in the masculine gender shall include the feminine gender, and where appropriate, the plural shall include the singular and the singular shall include the plural. The use herein of the word including following any general statement,
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term or matter shall not be construed to limit such statement, term or matter to the specific items or matters set forth immediately following such word or to similar items or matters, whether or not non-limiting language (such as without limitation, but not limited to, or words of similar import) is used with reference thereto, but rather shall be deemed to refer to all other items or matters that could reasonably fall within the broadest possible scope of such general statement, term or matter. References herein to any agreement, instrument or other document means such agreement, instrument or other document as amended, supplemented and modified from time to time to the extent permitted by the provisions thereof and not prohibited by the Plan.
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Exhibit 21.1
Subsidiaries of the Registrant
Name of the Subsidiary | State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization | |
GEN Restaurant Group, LLC | California | |
JC Group International Inc. | California | |
GEN Restaurant Investment, LLC | California | |
GEN California, LLC | California | |
GEN Arizona, LLC | Arizona | |
GEN Nevada, LLC | Nevada | |
GEN Alhambra, LLC | Delaware | |
GEN Cerritos, LLC | Delaware | |
GEN Torrance, LLC | Delaware | |
GEN Rancho Cucamonga, LP | Delaware | |
GEN San Jose, LP | Delaware | |
GEN Northridge, LP | Delaware | |
GEN Chino Hills, LP | Delaware | |
GEN Carrollton, LP | Delaware | |
GEN Fremont, LP | Delaware | |
GEN Concord, LP | Delaware | |
GEN Webster, LP | Texas | |
GEN Westgate, LP | Delaware | |
GEN Manhattan NYU, L.P. | New York | |
GEN Mountain View, LP | Delaware | |
GKBH Restaurant, LLC | Hawaii | |
GEN Hawaii, LLC | Delaware | |
GEN Online, LLC | Delaware | |
GEN Sacramento LP | Delaware | |
GEN Pearlridge, LLC | Hawaii | |
GEN Frisco LP | Texas | |
GEN Houston LLC | Texas | |
GEN Texas LLC | Texas | |
GEN Master, LLC | Nevada | |
GEN Restaurant Management, LLC | Delaware | |
GEN Cerritos II, LP | California |
Exhibit 23.1
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMS CONSENT
We consent to the inclusion in this Registration Statement of Gen Restaurant Group, Inc. on Form S-1 of our report dated March 17, 2023 (except for the subsequent events described in Note 13, as to which the date is April 19, 2023), with respect to our audits of the combined financial statements of Gen Restaurant Group as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, which report appears in the Prospectus, which is part of this Registration Statement. We also consent to the reference to our Firm under the heading Experts in such Prospectus.
Our report on the combined financial statements of Gen Restaurant Group refers to a restatement of the previously issued combined financial statements of Gen Restaurant Group as of December 31, 2021 and for the year then ended, and a change in the method of accounting for leases effective January 1, 2022.
/s/ Marcum LLP
Marcum LLP
Costa Mesa, California
May 26, 2023
Exhibit 99.1
CONSENT TO BE NAMED
I hereby confirm my consent to being named as a person who will become a director of GEN Restaurant Group, Inc. (the Company), in the Registration Statement on Form S-1, including any all amendments and post-effective amendments thereto and any amendments filed under Rule 462(b) increasing the number of shares for which registration is sought (collectively, the Registration Statement), relating to the proposed initial public offering of common stock of the Company. This consent may be filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement.
DATED: May 25, 2022
/s/ Michael B. Cowan |
Name: Michael B. Cowan |
Exhibit 99.2
CONSENT TO BE NAMED
I hereby confirm my consent to being named as a person who will become a director of GEN Restaurant Group, Inc. (the Company), in the Registration Statement on Form S-1, including any all amendments and post-effective amendments thereto and any amendments filed under Rule 462(b) increasing the number of shares for which registration is sought (collectively, the Registration Statement), relating to the proposed initial public offering of common stock of the Company. This consent may be filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement.
DATED: April 17, 2023
/s/ Jonathan Gregory |
Name: Jonathan Gregory |
Exhibit 107
Calculation of Filing Fee Tables
Form S-1
(Form Type)
GEN Restaurant Group, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Table 1: Newly Registered Securities
Security Type |
Security Class Title | Fee Calculation or Carry Forward Rule |
Amount Registered |
Proposed Maximum Offering price Per Unit |
Maximum Price |
Fee Rate | Amount of Registration Fee | |||||||||
Fees to be Paid | Equity | Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share | 457(o) | $25,000,000(1)(2) | 0.00011020 | $2,755 | ||||||||||
Fees to be Paid | Other | Representative Warrants(3) | 457(g) | |||||||||||||
Fees to be Paid | Equity | Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, underlying Representative Warrants |
457(o) | $1,000,000(4) | 0.00011020 | $110.20 | ||||||||||
Fees Previously Paid | ||||||||||||||||
Total Offering Amounts | $26,000,000 | $2,865.20 | ||||||||||||||
Total Fees Previously Paid | $0 | |||||||||||||||
Total Fee Offsets | $0 | |||||||||||||||
Net Fee Due | $2,865.20 |
(1) | Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. |
(2) | Includes shares subject to the underwriters option to purchase additional shares, if any. |
(3) | No fee required pursuant to Rule 457(g). The registrant has agreed to issue to the Representative Warrants entitling it to purchase a number of shares of common stock equal to 4% to 10% of the shares of common stock sold in the offering (depending on the pre-money enterprise value as described in the Registration Statement on Form S-1) at an exercise price equal to 100% of the public offering price of the common stock in the offering. |
(4) | Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) and Rule 457(g) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Representative Warrants are exercisable at a per share exercise price equal to 100% of the public offering price. As estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee, the proposed maximum aggregate offering price of the Representative Warrants is $1,000,000, which is equal to 100% of $1,000,000, or 4% of $25,000,000. |